{
 "record_id": "CW-1926-0001",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0494",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Emperor v. [name withheld]",
 "display_title_redacted": "Emperor v. [name withheld]",
 "state": "Gujarat",
 "district": "Surat",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": null,
 "police_station_or_unit": "Police Department, Surat (Sessions Division Surat)",
 "court": "Bombay High Court",
 "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Emperor v. [name withheld]",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal (dismissed 7 April 1926); Revision for enhancement of sentence under Section 439 CrPC (decided 17 June 1926)",
 "citation": "AIR 1926 Bom 555",
 "judges": [
  "Fawcett",
  "Madgavkar"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1926-06-17",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1926,
 "incident_date": null,
 "incident_year": null,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "misconduct",
 "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering",
 "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering",
 "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 218",
  "IPC 193",
  "IPC 196",
  "IPC 465"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "Police Department, Surat",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.06,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Sub-Inspector, Police Department, Surat"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 0,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": 2,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1936780/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The Bombay High Court confirmed the conviction of Sub-Inspector by the Sessions Judge, Surat, for framing an incorrect record (Section 218 IPC), fabricating false evidence (Section 193), using fabricated evidence (Section 196) and forgery (Section 465), dismissing his appeal on 7 April 1926. On a Government Pleader application for enhancement, the Court held on 17 June 1926 that one year rigorous imprisonment was unduly lenient given the abuse of investigative powers. The Court enhanced each term to two years rigorous imprisonment (concurrent) and maintained the Rs 500 fine under Section 218 IPC. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court confirmed the conviction of Sub-Inspector by the Sessions Judge, Surat, for framing an incorrect record (Section 218 IPC), fabricating false evidence (Section 193), using fabricated evidence (Section 196) and forgery (Section 465), dismissing his appeal on 7 April 1926. On a Government Pleader application for enhancement, the Court held on 17 June 1926 that one year rigorous imprisonment was unduly lenient given the abuse of investigative powers. The Court enhanced each term to two years rigorous imprisonment (concurrent) and maintained the Rs 500 fine under Section 218 IPC.",
 "court_quote": "The offences were of very great seriousness; for the Sub-Inspector abused his powers of investigation of crime in a manner that strikes at the root of the proper administration of justice.",
 "court_quote_para": "12",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "SI conviction for fabricated investigation record confirmed; sentence enhanced to 2 years RI.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "AIR 1926 Bom 555",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "1926-06-17",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Bombay High Court",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "AIR 1926 Bom 555",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1936780/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-32"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWDERELI-001",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}