{
 "record_id": "CW-1954-0002",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0540",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Aftab Ahmad Khan v. The State of Hyderabad",
 "display_title_redacted": "Aftab Ahmad Khan v. The State of Hyderabad",
 "state": "Telangana",
 "district": "Warangal",
 "district_at_time": "Warangal (then Hyderabad State)",
 "city_town": "Rajole",
 "police_station_or_unit": null,
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Aftab Ahmad Khan v. The State of Hyderabad",
 "case_number": null,
 "citation": "1954 AIR 436; 1955 SCR 588",
 "judges": [
  "Ghulam Hasan",
  "B.K. Mukherjea",
  "Vivian Bose"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1954-05-06",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1954,
 "incident_date": "1948-09-13",
 "incident_year": 1948,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "corruption",
 "admin_subcategory": "extortion",
 "subcategory": "extortion",
 "subcategory_display": "extortion",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 302",
  "IPC 307",
  "IPC 347",
  "IPC 384"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": "Aftab Ahmad Khan",
   "rank": "Reserve Inspector of Police",
   "unit": "Hyderabad State Police",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.98,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Aftab Ahmad Khan",
   "display": "Aftab Ahmad Khan (Reserve Inspector of Police)"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Rajole man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": null,
   "descriptor": "Rajole resident"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": null,
   "descriptor": "Rajole resident"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 3,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1576995/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court maintained the convictions of Reserve Inspector Aftab Ahmad Khan, who with a police party seized two villagers at Rajole on 13 September 1948, shot dead one person and injured others at Korivi, confined the two villagers overnight, and released them on 14 September only after extorting Rs 200. The Special Judge, Warangal, had sentenced him to death for murder, life for attempt to murder, and two years each for confinement and extortion, affirmed by the Hyderabad High Court via third-judge reference after a split. The Supreme Court upheld the joint trial under Section 235 CrPC as one transaction and, by convention where High Court judges had divided, commuted only the death sentence to transportation for life with all sentences concurrent. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court maintained the convictions of Reserve Inspector Aftab Ahmad Khan, who with a police party seized two villagers at Rajole on 13 September 1948, shot dead one person and injured others at Korivi, confined the two villagers overnight, and released them on 14 September only after extorting Rs 200. The Special Judge, Warangal, had sentenced him to death for murder, life for attempt to murder, and two years each for confinement and extortion, affirmed by the Hyderabad High Court via third-judge reference after a split. The Supreme Court upheld the joint trial under Section 235 CrPC as one transaction and, by convention where High Court judges had divided, commuted only the death sentence to transportation for life with all sentences concurrent.",
 "court_quote": "He released P. W. 3 and P. W. 4 on the intercession of certain persons but kept P. W. 5 and P. W. 9 in wrongful confinement and released them only next morning after extorting Rs. 200 from P. W. 5.",
 "court_quote_para": "n/a",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Supreme Court maintained Reserve Inspector's convictions for murder, attempt, confinement and extortion, commuting only the death sentence to transportation for life.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "1954 AIR 436; 1955 SCR 588",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "1954-05-06",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "1954 AIR 436; 1955 SCR 588",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1576995/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-16",
  "chunk-r09"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWEXTORT-003",
 "officers_named_public": 1,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}