{
 "record_id": "CW-1970-0003",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-1106",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "State of Punjab vs Punjab Police Head Constable (officiating Assistant Sub-Inspector)",
 "display_title_redacted": "State of Punjab vs Punjab Police Head Constable (officiating Assistant Sub-Inspector)",
 "state": "Punjab",
 "district": null,
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": null,
 "police_station_or_unit": null,
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "State of Punjab vs Punjab Police Head Constable (officiating Assistant Sub-Inspector)",
 "case_number": "Civil Appeals Nos. 336 of 1969 and 844 of 1966",
 "citation": "AIR 1971 SC 1676; (1970) 3 SCC 656",
 "judges": [
  "J. C. Shah",
  "K. S. Hegde",
  "A. N. Grover"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1970-10-13",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1970,
 "incident_date": "1954-01-01",
 "incident_year": 1954,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "misconduct",
 "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication",
 "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication",
 "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld",
 "sections": [],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Head Constable (officiating Assistant Sub-Inspector)",
   "role": "held_liable",
   "unit": "Punjab Police",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Head Constable (officiating Assistant Sub-Inspector), Punjab Police"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 0,
 "sentence_type": "dismissal",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/754938/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://pub-138b930c26524cb4bf6e9099898947c0.r2.dev/judgments/1970/State_Of_Punjab_vs_Bua_Das_Kaushal_on_13_October_1970_1.PDF"
 ],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court on 13 October 1970 allowed the State's appeal and dismissed Head Constable's suit, sustaining his 1954 dismissal from the Punjab Police. The Court found that the officiating ASI had been found guilty in a departmental enquiry of fabricating false evidence while investigating a criminal case. It held that the earlier writ judgment dismissing his challenge operated as res judicata, that the plea had not been waived, and that nearly a decade's delay in attacking that judgment could not be condoned. The fabrication charge itself was not re-tried, and no compensation was ordered. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court on 13 October 1970 allowed the State's appeal and dismissed Head Constable's suit, sustaining his 1954 dismissal from the Punjab Police. The Court found that the officiating ASI had been found guilty in a departmental enquiry of fabricating false evidence while investigating a criminal case. It held that the earlier writ judgment dismissing his challenge operated as res judicata, that the plea had not been waived, and that nearly a decade's delay in attacking that judgment could not be condoned. The fabrication charge itself was not re-tried, and no compensation was ordered.",
 "court_quote": "A charge was leveled against him of having fabricated false evidence while investigating a criminal case. An enquiry was held by the Deputy Superintendent of Police who submitted a report on March 25, 1954 to the District Superintendent finding the respondent guilty of the charge.",
 "court_quote_para": "1",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "SC restored dismissal of officiating ASI for fabricating evidence; res judicata from earlier writ barred the suit.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": "1970-10-13",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only",
   "source": "AIR 1971 SC 1676; (1970) 3 SCC 656",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/754938/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://pub-138b930c26524cb4bf6e9099898947c0.r2.dev/judgments/1970/State_Of_Punjab_vs_Bua_Das_Kaushal_on_13_October_1970_1.PDF",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-98"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "GAP3-127-015",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}