{
 "record_id": "CW-1974-0001",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0441",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Gian Singh v. State of Punjab",
 "display_title_redacted": "Gian Singh v. State of Punjab",
 "state": "Punjab",
 "district": "Bathinda",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Raman",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Raman",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Gian Singh v. State of Punjab",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal (Special Leave)",
 "citation": "(1974) 4 SCC 305; AIR 1974 SC 1024",
 "judges": [
  "H. R. Khanna",
  "V. R. Krishna Iyer"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1974-03-05",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1974,
 "incident_date": "1968-05-24",
 "incident_year": 1968,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "corruption",
 "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act",
 "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act",
 "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "PC Act 1947 s.5(1)(d)"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": "Gian Singh",
   "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector (then Station House Officer)",
   "unit": "Police Station Raman, Bathinda",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.94,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Gian Singh",
   "display": "Gian Singh (Assistant Sub-Inspector (then Station House Officer))"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Raman man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Raman woman"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 2,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": 2,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/192975814/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the special-leave appeal of ASI Gian Singh, then Station House Officer of Police Station Raman, upholding his conviction under Section 5(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1947. The Court recorded that on 24 May 1968 he recorded a Raman man's complaint but did not arrest the available accused, and through Sarpanch Chand Singh demanded a bribe scaled from Rs. 150 to Rs. 100 for effecting arrest, with ten Rs. 10 notes from the victim's mother [name withheld] used as speed money in a trap laid with the DSP. It refused to re-weigh evidence under Article 136, holding police trap witnesses are not discreditable merely for being police. The sentence of two years' rigorous imprisonment with a Rs. 500 fine stands, and the accused was directed to surrender if on bail. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the special-leave appeal of ASI Gian Singh, then Station House Officer of Police Station Raman, upholding his conviction under Section 5(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1947. The Court recorded that on 24 May 1968 he recorded a Raman man's complaint but did not arrest the available accused, and through Sarpanch Chand Singh demanded a bribe scaled from Rs. 150 to Rs. 100 for effecting arrest, with ten Rs. 10 notes from the victim's mother [name withheld] used as speed money in a trap laid with the DSP. It refused to re-weigh evidence under Article 136, holding police trap witnesses are not discreditable merely for being police. The sentence of two years' rigorous imprisonment with a Rs. 500 fine stands, and the accused was directed to surrender if on bail.",
 "court_quote": "We dismiss the appeal, and if the accused is on bail, he will surrender in consequence.",
 "court_quote_para": "5",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified on Indian Kanoon; SHO's s.5(1)(d) PC Act 1947 conviction and sentence upheld.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "(1974) 4 SCC 305; AIR 1974 SC 1024",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "1974-03-05",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "(1974) 4 SCC 305; AIR 1974 SC 1024",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": [
    "court_quote_para"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/192975814/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": false,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-38"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWBRIBER-014",
 "officers_named_public": 1,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}