{
 "record_id": "CW-1991-0002",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0132",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Nadiad Police Police Inspector vs State of Gujarat and Ors.",
 "display_title_redacted": "Nadiad Police Police Inspector vs State of Gujarat and Ors.",
 "state": "Gujarat",
 "district": "Kheda",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Nadiad",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Nadiad Police Police Inspector vs State of Gujarat and Ors.",
 "case_number": "Writ Petition (Crl.) No. 517 of 1989",
 "citation": "(1991) 4 SCC 406; AIR 1991 SC 2176",
 "judges": [
  "K. N. Singh",
  "Kuldip Singh",
  "N. M. Kasliwal"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1991-09-11",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1991,
 "incident_date": "1989-09-25",
 "incident_year": 1989,
 "category": "Custodial torture",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture",
 "subcategory": "custodial_torture",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial torture",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_by_sc",
 "sections": [
  "Contempt of Courts Act 1971",
  "Constitution of India Art 129"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Inspector",
   "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.97,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Inspector, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.97,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Sub-Inspector, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Head Constable",
   "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Head Constable, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.97,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "District Superintendent of Police",
   "unit": "Kheda",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.06,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "District Superintendent of Police, Kheda"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 5,
 "victims": [
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "name": null,
   "descriptor": "Nadiad man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": 0.5,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1496509/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court held five Gujarat police personnel guilty of criminal contempt for the night of 25/26 September 1989 attack on Nadiad Chief Judicial Magistrate a Nadiad man, who was lured to the police station, forced to consume liquor, beaten, handcuffed and tied with a thick rope, paraded to hospital and photographed, then falsely booked under the prohibition law. The Court accepted its Commissioner Justice R. M. Sahai's finding that the police version was cooked up, calling the episode an onslaught on the judiciary itself. It sentenced Inspector to six months' simple imprisonment, Sub-Inspector to five months, the head constable and constable to two months each, and DSP to one month, with fines, and directed the State to pursue disciplinary proceedings. The Court also laid down guidelines for the arrest of judicial officers. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court held five Gujarat police personnel guilty of criminal contempt for the night of 25/26 September 1989 attack on Nadiad Chief Judicial Magistrate a Nadiad man, who was lured to the police station, forced to consume liquor, beaten, handcuffed and tied with a thick rope, paraded to hospital and photographed, then falsely booked under the prohibition law. The Court accepted its Commissioner Justice R. M. Sahai's finding that the police version was cooked up, calling the episode an onslaught on the judiciary itself. It sentenced Inspector to six months' simple imprisonment, Sub-Inspector to five months, the head constable and constable to two months each, and DSP to one month, with fines, and directed the State to pursue disciplinary proceedings. The Court also laid down guidelines for the arrest of judicial officers.",
 "court_quote": "Sharma, Police Inspector who was the main actor in the entire incident and who had planned the entire episode with a view to humiliate the CJM in the public eye is the main culprit, therefore, he deserves maximum punishment.",
 "court_quote_para": "52-53",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified: 5 police personnel convicted of criminal contempt for assault/humiliation of Nadiad CJM; 1-6 months SI + fines.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial torture",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": "1991-09-11",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "(1991) 4 SCC 406; AIR 1991 SC 2176",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1496509/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-04",
  "chunk-r03"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWOTHERM-003",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}