{
 "record_id": "CW-1993-0005",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0202",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Thiruvananthapuram Police Police Constable (A1) And Another vs State Of Kerala",
 "display_title_redacted": "Thiruvananthapuram Police Police Constable (A1) And Another vs State Of Kerala",
 "state": "Kerala",
 "district": "Thiruvananthapuram",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Thiruvananthapuram",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Fort Police Station, Thiruvananthapuram",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Thiruvananthapuram Police Police Constable (A1) And Another vs State Of Kerala",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 48 of 1986",
 "citation": "AIR 1994 SC 565",
 "judges": [
  "K. Jayachandra Reddy",
  "G. N. Ray"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1993-11-24",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1993,
 "incident_date": "1980-12-18",
 "incident_year": 1980,
 "category": "Custodial death",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial death",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 304 Part II"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Constable (A1)",
   "unit": "Fort Police Station, Thiruvananthapuram",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:unclear",
    "key2_union:unclear",
    "key2_openrouter:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "unclear",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "unclear",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "unclear",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.08,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.89,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Constable (A1), Fort Police Station, Thiruvananthapuram"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Constable (A4)",
   "unit": "Central Crime Station, Thiruvananthapuram",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:unclear",
    "key2_union:unclear",
    "key2_openrouter:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "unclear",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "unclear",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "unclear",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.08,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.9,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Constable (A4), Central Crime Station, Thiruvananthapuram"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 2,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Thiruvananthapuram man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": 5,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143296/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/676541/sadasivan-mohanachandran-and-another-vs-state-of-kerala/"
 ],
 "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. A Thiruvananthapuram man, picked up after a quarrel with an off-duty constable over plantains on 18 December 1980, was slapped, kicked and had his head dashed against the wall inside Fort Police Station, Thiruvananthapuram, and died of the injuries. The trial court convicted only two of the 21 accused policemen under Section 304 Part II IPC with five years rigorous imprisonment each, and the Kerala High Court dismissed both the accused's and the State's appeals. The Supreme Court accepted the eyewitness account of PWs 5 and 6 corroborated by medical evidence, dismissed the appeal, and ordered the convicted constables, who were on bail, to surrender and serve the remaining sentence.",
 "summary_verified": "A Thiruvananthapuram man, picked up after a quarrel with an off-duty constable over plantains on 18 December 1980, was slapped, kicked and had his head dashed against the wall inside Fort Police Station, Thiruvananthapuram, and died of the injuries. The trial court convicted only two of the 21 accused policemen under Section 304 Part II IPC with five years rigorous imprisonment each, and the Kerala High Court dismissed both the accused's and the State's appeals. The Supreme Court accepted the eyewitness account of PWs 5 and 6 corroborated by medical evidence, dismissed the appeal, and ordered the convicted constables, who were on bail, to surrender and serve the remaining sentence.",
 "court_quote": "The two courts below have concurrently held that the evidence of P.W.5 as corroborated by the evidence of P.W.6 establishes the guilt of the appellants beyond all reasonable doubt and we see no grounds to come to a different conclusion. Accordingly the appeal is dismissed.",
 "court_quote_para": "5",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Supreme Court dismissed appeal of two Kerala police constables, upholding 5-year RI conviction under s.304 Part II for beating a Thiruvananthapuram man to death inside Fort Police Station.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial death",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "AIR 1994 SC 565",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "1993-11-24",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "AIR 1994 SC 565",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143296/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/676541/sadasivan-mohanachandran-and-another-vs-state-of-kerala/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-06",
  "chunk-r04"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "KERALA-002",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}