{
 "record_id": "CW-1995-0004",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0322",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Ami Lal and Ors. vs State of Rajasthan",
 "display_title_redacted": "Ami Lal and Ors. vs State of Rajasthan",
 "state": "Rajasthan",
 "district": "Churu",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Sidhmukh",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Sidhmukh Police Outpost, Rajgarh Police Station",
 "court": "Rajasthan High Court",
 "court_as_verified": "Rajasthan High Court",
 "bench": "Jaipur",
 "case_title": "Ami Lal and Ors. vs State of Rajasthan",
 "case_number": null,
 "citation": "1996 Cri LJ 1585",
 "judges": [
  "Rajendra Saxena"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1995-07-03",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1995,
 "incident_date": "1977-05-05",
 "incident_year": 1977,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "corruption",
 "admin_subcategory": "other",
 "subcategory": "other",
 "subcategory_display": "other",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 395",
  "IPC 353",
  "IPC 224",
  "IPC 109"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": "Ami Lal",
   "rank": "Head Constable",
   "unit": "Sidhmukh Police Outpost, Rajgarh Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.06,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Ami Lal",
   "display": "Ami Lal (Head Constable)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Dayanand",
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Sidhmukh Police Outpost, Rajgarh Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.06,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Dayanand",
   "display": "Dayanand (Constable)"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 2,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Sidhmukh man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": 4.5,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1280281/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The Rajasthan High Court upheld the conviction and sentences of Head Constable Ami Lal and Constable Dayanand of Sidhmukh Outpost (PS Rajgarh, Churu). After demanding a bribe of Rs. 1,000 from complainant, the officers were trapped by an Anti-Corruption Department raid party on 5 May 1977. To evade capture and destroy evidence, the officers instigated an armed mob of villagers to attack the trap team, forcefully snatch back the marked bribe notes, and facilitate Ami Lal escape from lawful arrest. Affirming the judgment of the Sessions Judge, Churu, the High Court refused probation to the police officers and maintained their sentences of 4.5 years rigorous imprisonment under Sections 395, 353, and 224 read with Section 109 IPC. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Rajasthan High Court upheld the conviction and sentences of Head Constable Ami Lal and Constable Dayanand of Sidhmukh Outpost (PS Rajgarh, Churu). After demanding a bribe of Rs. 1,000 from complainant O. P., the officers were trapped by an Anti-Corruption Department raid party on 5 May 1977. To evade capture and destroy evidence, the officers instigated an armed mob of villagers to attack the trap team, forcefully snatch back the marked bribe notes, and facilitate Ami Lal escape from lawful arrest. Affirming the judgment of the Sessions Judge, Churu, the High Court refused probation to the police officers and maintained their sentences of 4.5 years rigorous imprisonment under Sections 395, 353, and 224 read with Section 109 IPC.",
 "court_quote": "Hence for the reasons mentioned above, this appeal fails and the conviction and sentence of the appellants Ami Lal, H. C. and Dayanand, Constable are hereby maintained. The learned Sessions Judge, Chur shall immediately issue non-bailable warrants against these appellants to secure their arrest and send them to jail to serve out their sentences.",
 "court_quote_para": "34",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Rajasthan High Court upheld conviction and 4.5-year RI sentence of Head Constable Ami Lal and Constable Dayanand for instigating mob attack/dacoity to foil an anti-corruption trap and escaping custody.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Rajasthan High Court judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Rajasthan High Court judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "1996 Cri LJ 1585",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "1995-07-03",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Rajasthan High Court",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Rajasthan High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "1996 Cri LJ 1585",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1280281/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-11"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "RAJAST-004",
 "officers_named_public": 2,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}