{
 "record_id": "CW-1997-0003",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0065",
 "alias_merged_ids": [
  "CWC-0629"
 ],
 "display_title": "Union Territory, Chandigarh & Ors vs [name withheld]",
 "display_title_redacted": "Union Territory, Chandigarh & Ors vs [name withheld]",
 "state": "Chandigarh",
 "district": "Chandigarh",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Chandigarh",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station North, Chandigarh",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Union Territory, Chandigarh & Ors vs [name withheld]",
 "case_number": null,
 "citation": "(1997) 3 SCC 68; AIR 1997 SC 1201",
 "judges": [
  "B.P. Jeevan Reddy",
  "Sujata V. Manohar"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1997-02-14",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1997,
 "incident_date": "1991-07-03",
 "incident_year": 1991,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "corruption",
 "admin_subcategory": "extortion",
 "subcategory": "extortion",
 "subcategory_display": "extortion",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "Constitution Art 311(2)(b)",
  "Constitution Art 311(3)"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector No. CHG/1",
   "unit": "UT Police Chandigarh",
   "role": "held_liable",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "held_liable",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.08,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.9,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Sub-Inspector No. CHG/1, UT Police Chandigarh"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Chandigarh man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "dismissal",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1573476/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=1997/february/66.php",
  "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/676917/union-territory-chandigarh-and-others-appellant-hash-mohinder-singh-respondent/"
 ],
 "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. SI (No.CHG/1, PS North) picked up a Chandigarh man from his house around 11:45 pm on 3/4 July 1991 with two guests, detained and tortured him in the station on a baseless plea of harbouring terrorists, and demanded Rs.60,000 for release, accepting Rs.20,000. SP Intelligence Baldev Singh's inquiry of 5 July 1991 found the arrest baseless and aimed at extortion, noting the SI intimidated the complainant even in the SP's presence. SSP Chandigarh dismissed him under Article 311(2)(b) as inquiry was not reasonably practicable, and the IGP upheld it, but the CAT quashed the dismissal. The Supreme Court held the SSP justified in dispensing with inquiry, allowed the UT's appeal, and restored the dismissal.",
 "summary_verified": "SI (No.CHG/1, PS North) picked up a Chandigarh man from his house around 11:45 pm on 3/4 July 1991 with two guests, detained and tortured him in the station on a baseless plea of harbouring terrorists, and demanded Rs.60,000 for release, accepting Rs.20,000. SP Intelligence Baldev Singh's inquiry of 5 July 1991 found the arrest baseless and aimed at extortion, noting the SI intimidated the complainant even in the SP's presence. SSP Chandigarh dismissed him under Article 311(2)(b) as inquiry was not reasonably practicable, and the IGP upheld it, but the CAT quashed the dismissal. The Supreme Court held the SSP justified in dispensing with inquiry, allowed the UT's appeal, and restored the dismissal.",
 "court_quote": "It is also reported that the other persons who were arrested with a Chandigarh man, and who were present there, immediately left his office terrified by the threats held out by the respondent. In such a situation - and keeping in view that all this was happening in the year 1991 in the State of Punjab - the Senior Superintendent of Police cannot be said to be not justified in holding that it is not reasonably practicable to hold an inquiry against the respondent.",
 "court_quote_para": "6",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "SC restored Art.311(2)(b) dismissal of SI for illegal detention, torture and Rs.20,000 extortion.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": "1997-02-14",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only",
   "source": "(1997) 3 SCC 68; AIR 1997 SC 1201",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1573476/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=1997/february/66.php",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/676917/union-territory-chandigarh-and-others-appellant-hash-mohinder-singh-respondent/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-27",
  "chunk-41"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWEXTORT-011",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}