{
 "record_id": "CW-1998-0003",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0041",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Barachatti Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Bihar",
 "display_title_redacted": "Barachatti Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Bihar",
 "state": "Bihar",
 "district": "Gaya",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Barachatti",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Barachatti Police Station",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Barachatti Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Bihar",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 149, 218, 279, 280-282 of 1998",
 "citation": "AIR 1998 SC 2443, (1998) 5 SCC 699",
 "judges": [
  "M.K. Mukherjee",
  "G.B. Pattanaik"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "1998-07-13",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 1998,
 "incident_date": "1993-12-05",
 "incident_year": 1993,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing",
 "subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing",
 "subcategory_display": "fake encounter extrajudicial killing",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 302",
  "IPC 34",
  "IPC 201"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "Barachatti Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear",
    "key2_gpt:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.04,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": "unclear",
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Sub-Inspector, Barachatti Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "Barachatti Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear",
    "key2_gpt:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": "unclear",
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Sub-Inspector, Barachatti Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Barachatti Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear",
    "key2_gpt:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.08,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.91,
   "key2_gpt": "unclear",
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, Barachatti Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Barachatti Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear",
    "key2_gpt:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.07,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.92,
   "key2_gpt": "unclear",
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, Barachatti Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Barachatti Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear",
    "key2_gpt:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.07,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.93,
   "key2_gpt": "unclear",
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, Barachatti Police Station"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 5,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Barachatti man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Barachatti man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Barachatti man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 3,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1087618/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1172785/"
 ],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court of India upheld the convictions under Section 302 read with Section 34 IPC of five police personnel attached to Barachatti Police Station in Gaya district for the staged encounter murder of three persons on December 5, 1993. The police party had chased and fired upon a Maruti van on the Grand Trunk Road, killing businessman [name withheld], attendant a Barachatti man, and driver [name withheld], and subsequently registered a fabricated encounter FIR. While acquitting appellant [name withheld] on benefit of doubt, the Court affirmed the life imprisonment of constables, [name withheld], and [name withheld], and commuted the death sentences of Sub-Inspectors and [name withheld] to life imprisonment, holding the case did not meet the rarest-of-rare threshold. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court of India upheld the convictions under Section 302 read with Section 34 IPC of five police personnel attached to Barachatti Police Station in Gaya district for the staged encounter murder of three persons on December 5, 1993. The police party had chased and fired upon a Maruti van on the Grand Trunk Road, killing businessman [name withheld], attendant a Barachatti man, and driver [name withheld], and subsequently registered a fabricated encounter FIR. While acquitting appellant [name withheld] on benefit of doubt, the Court affirmed the life imprisonment of constables, [name withheld], and [name withheld], and commuted the death sentences of Sub-Inspectors and [name withheld] to life imprisonment, holding the case did not meet the rarest-of-rare threshold.",
 "court_quote": "In this view of the matter, while we uphold the conviction of accused [name withheld] and [name withheld] under Section 302/34 I.P.C., we set aside the sentence of death awarded against them and commute the same to imprisonment for life.",
 "court_quote_para": "n/a",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Supreme Court upheld murder convictions under IPC 302/34 of 5 Barachatti police officials for staged encounter killing, commuting death sentences to life.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "AIR 1998 SC 2443, (1998) 5 SCC 699",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "1998-07-13",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "AIR 1998 SC 2443, (1998) 5 SCC 699",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "wrong_facts",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1087618/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1172785/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-02"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "BIHAR1-004",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}