{
 "record_id": "CW-2007-0014",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0425",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Nandigram Man & Ors vs State of West Bengal & Ors",
 "display_title_redacted": "Nandigram Man & Ors vs State of West Bengal & Ors",
 "state": "West Bengal",
 "district": "Purba Medinipur",
 "district_at_time": "Purba Medinipur",
 "city_town": "Nandigram",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Nandigram Police Station",
 "court": "Calcutta High Court",
 "court_as_verified": "Calcutta High Court",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Nandigram Man & Ors vs State of West Bengal & Ors",
 "case_number": "W.P. No. 8596(W) of 2007",
 "citation": "2007 (4) CHN 842, 2007 SCC OnLine Cal 672",
 "judges": [
  "S.S. Nijjar",
  "Pinaki Chandra Ghose"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2007-11-16",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2007,
 "incident_date": "2007-03-14",
 "incident_year": 2007,
 "category": "Protest policing",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "disproportionate_force",
 "subcategory": "disproportionate_force",
 "subcategory_display": "disproportionate force",
 "protest_override_heuristic": true,
 "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation",
 "sections": [
  "Constitution of India Art. 14",
  "Constitution of India Art. 19",
  "Constitution of India Art. 21",
  "Constitution of India Art. 226",
  "Police Act 1861",
  "Police Regulations Bengal 1943 Regulation 153",
  "Police Regulations Bengal 1943 Regulation 154",
  "Police Regulations Bengal 1943 Regulation 155",
  "CrPC s.144"
 ],
 "officers": [],
 "officer_count": 0,
 "victims": [
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram woman",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram woman",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram man",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": 35,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram woman, age 35",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": 27,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram woman, age 27",
   "name": null
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Nandigram woman",
   "name": null
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": [
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "a woman"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "a woman"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "a man"
  },
  {
   "age": 35,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "a woman"
  },
  {
   "age": 27,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "a woman"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "a woman"
  }
 ],
 "anonymised": true,
 "victim_count": 176,
 "sentence_type": "compensation_only",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": 23800000,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1186017/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/asa200012008eng.pdf"
 ],
 "summary": "The judgment of the Calcutta High Court records the following account. On 14 March 2007, West Bengal Police opened prolonged, indiscriminate gunfire on villagers protesting land acquisition in Nandigram, killing 14 persons, injuring 162, and sexually assaulting several women. Acting on writ petitions and suo motu proceedings, the Calcutta High Court held the police firing wholly unconstitutional, unjustified under the CrPC, Police Act, 1861, or Police Regulations Bengal, 1943, and struck down Regulation 155(b) as unconstitutional. Rejecting the State's plea of sovereign immunity, the High Court ordered the State of West Bengal to pay immediate compensation of Rs. 5 lakh to the next of kin of each deceased, not less than Rs. 1 lakh to each injured person, and Rs. 2 lakh to each identified rape victim. The Court also ordered the CBI to conduct an independent investigation and initiate criminal proceedings against responsible officials. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "On 14 March 2007, West Bengal Police opened prolonged, indiscriminate gunfire on villagers protesting land acquisition in Nandigram, killing 14 persons, injuring 162, and sexually assaulting several women. Acting on writ petitions and suo motu proceedings, the Calcutta High Court held the police firing wholly unconstitutional, unjustified under the CrPC, Police Act, 1861, or Police Regulations Bengal, 1943, and struck down Regulation 155(b) as unconstitutional. Rejecting the State's plea of sovereign immunity, the High Court ordered the State of West Bengal to pay immediate compensation of Rs. 5 lakh to the next of kin of each deceased, not less than Rs. 1 lakh to each injured person, and Rs. 2 lakh to each identified rape victim. The Court also ordered the CBI to conduct an independent investigation and initiate criminal proceedings against responsible officials.",
 "court_quote": "The action of the police department to open fire at Nandigram on 14.03.2007 was wholly unconstitutional and cannot be justified under any provision of the law.",
 "court_quote_para": "140",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Calcutta HC held Nandigram police firing wholly unconstitutional and illegal, awarding compensation to families of deceased, injured, and rape victims.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Protest policing",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": "2007-11-16",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Calcutta High Court",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Calcutta High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 23,800,000.",
   "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)",
   "source": "2007 (4) CHN 842, 2007 SCC OnLine Cal 672",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1186017/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/asa200012008eng.pdf",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-14"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWDISPRO-002",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}