{
 "record_id": "CW-2009-0009",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0094",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Delhi Police SHO v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi)",
 "display_title_redacted": "Delhi Police SHO v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi)",
 "state": "Delhi",
 "district": "Shahdara",
 "district_at_time": "East Delhi",
 "city_town": "Delhi",
 "police_station_or_unit": "PS Vivek Vihar, Delhi",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Delhi Police SHO v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi)",
 "case_number": "Crl. Appeal Nos. 1440-1441 of 2008",
 "citation": "(2009) 17 SCC 445",
 "judges": [
  "Harjit Singh Bedi",
  "J.M. Panchal"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2009-11-12",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2009,
 "incident_date": "1987-08-24",
 "incident_year": 1987,
 "category": "Custodial death",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial death",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 304 Part II"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "SHO",
   "unit": "PS Vivek Vihar, Delhi",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "SHO, PS Vivek Vihar, Delhi"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Delhi man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Delhi man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 2,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": 5,
 "compensation_inr": 500000,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1316909/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. After a constable was stabbed on 16 August 1987, PS Vivek Vihar police picked up family members and neighbours of suspects a Delhi man and a Delhi man and confined them at the station as hostages until the duo surrendered. When the two were produced on 24 August 1987, SHO and others beat them severely; a Delhi man died the next day at Lok Nayak hospital. The SDM's inquest indicted the police, though a second inquest blamed the public and almost all witnesses turned hostile over 17 years. The Supreme Court held the concurrent findings of the trial court and High Court germane, confirmed the Section 304-II conviction, but reduced the sentence from eight to five years given the appellant's age and the lapse of time, raising the fine from Rs 2 lakh to Rs 5 lakh payable as compensation to the deceased's mother. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "After a constable was stabbed on 16 August 1987, PS Vivek Vihar police picked up family members and neighbours of suspects a Delhi man and a Delhi man and confined them at the station as hostages until the duo surrendered. When the two were produced on 24 August 1987, SHO and others beat them severely; a Delhi man died the next day at Lok Nayak hospital. The SDM's inquest indicted the police, though a second inquest blamed the public and almost all witnesses turned hostile over 17 years. The Supreme Court held the concurrent findings of the trial court and High Court germane, confirmed the Section 304-II conviction, but reduced the sentence from eight to five years given the appellant's age and the lapse of time, raising the fine from Rs 2 lakh to Rs 5 lakh payable as compensation to the deceased's mother.",
 "court_quote": "In the background of the above facts and that the conviction has been made under Sec.304 Part II of the IPC, we confirm the conviction as recorded by the High Court but reduce the sentence from 8 years to five years and increase the fine from rupees two lacs to five lacs.",
 "court_quote_para": "n/a",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "SC appeal verified on Indian Kanoon; conviction confirmed, 5 yr + Rs 5L fine-as-compensation.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial death",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "(2009) 17 SCC 445",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2009-11-12",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "(2009) 17 SCC 445",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1316909/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-03",
  "chunk-r02",
  "chunk-r10"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "DELHI-003",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}