{
 "record_id": "CW-2010-0006",
 "status": "overturned",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0319",
 "alias_merged_ids": [
  "CWC-0533"
 ],
 "display_title": "Gangdhar Police Station House Officer and others vs State of Rajasthan",
 "display_title_redacted": "Gangdhar Police Station House Officer and others vs State of Rajasthan",
 "state": "Rajasthan",
 "district": "Jhalawar",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Gangdhar",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Gangdhar Police Station",
 "court": "Rajasthan High Court",
 "court_as_verified": "Rajasthan High Court",
 "bench": "Jaipur",
 "case_title": "Gangdhar Police Station House Officer and others vs State of Rajasthan",
 "case_number": "D.B. Cr. Appeal No. 121/2004",
 "citation": null,
 "judges": [
  "Narendra Kumar Jain",
  "Meena V. Gomber"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2010-08-05",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2010,
 "incident_date": "1999-05-06",
 "incident_year": 1999,
 "category": "Custodial death",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial death",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 302",
  "IPC 331",
  "IPC 348",
  "IPC 201",
  "IPC 34"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Station House Officer",
   "unit": "Gangdhar Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "history:acquitted_on_appeal"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.94,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.92,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "acquitted_on_appeal",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Station House Officer, Gangdhar Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Gangdhar Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "history:acquitted_on_appeal"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.93,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.75,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "acquitted_on_appeal",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, Gangdhar Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Gangdhar Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "history:acquitted_on_appeal"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.94,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.8,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "acquitted_on_appeal",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, Gangdhar Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "Gangdhar Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "history:acquitted_on_appeal"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.94,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.76,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "acquitted_on_appeal",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, Gangdhar Police Station"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 4,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Gangdhar man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/751582/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1094335/",
  "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/257706/"
 ],
 "summary": "The Jaipur Bench of the Rajasthan High Court upheld the conviction and life imprisonment of SHO and Constables, [name withheld], and [name withheld] of Gangdhar Police Station for the custodial death of a Gangdhar man The deceased had been illegally detained for interrogation on 5 May 1999 and was tortured to death in police custody on the night of 6-7 May 1999, after which the police personnel transported the body in a police vehicle and burned it to destroy evidence. Affirming the judgment of the Special Judge, SC/ST Court, Jhalawar, the High Court held that the prosecution had conclusively established an unbroken chain of circumstantial evidence proving the offences under Sections 302, 331, 348, and 201 read with Section 34 IPC. Later proceedings: on 27 April 2016, the Supreme Court of India acquitted [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld] of all charges on appeal; the convictions recorded in this judgment therefore do not stand. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Jaipur Bench of the Rajasthan High Court upheld the conviction and life imprisonment of SHO and Constables, [name withheld], and [name withheld] of Gangdhar Police Station for the custodial death of a Gangdhar man The deceased had been illegally detained for interrogation on 5 May 1999 and was tortured to death in police custody on the night of 6-7 May 1999, after which the police personnel transported the body in a police vehicle and burned it to destroy evidence. Affirming the judgment of the Special Judge, SC/ST Court, Jhalawar, the High Court held that the prosecution had conclusively established an unbroken chain of circumstantial evidence proving the offences under Sections 302, 331, 348, and 201 read with Section 34 IPC.",
 "court_quote": "For the foregoing reasons, and in the light of principles of law laid down by Hon'ble Apex Court from time to time, we do not find any illegality or perversity in the judgment and order passed by learned Trial Court, hence we concur with the findings arrived at by learned Sessions Judge and uphold the conviction and sentence awarded to the appellants as mentioned hereinabove.",
 "court_quote_para": "103",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Rajasthan High Court upheld conviction and life imprisonment of SHO and three constables for custodial torture and murder of a Gangdhar man",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial death",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Rajasthan High Court judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Rajasthan High Court judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "D.B. Cr. Appeal No. 121/2004",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2010-08-05",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Rajasthan High Court",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Rajasthan High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "D.B. Cr. Appeal No. 121/2004",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2016-04-27",
   "action_type": "Acquitted on appeal",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "Later proceedings: on 27 April 2016, the Supreme Court of India acquitted [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld] of all charges on appeal; the convictions recorded in this judgment therefore do not stand.",
   "disposition": "Later proceeding · Conviction not standing",
   "source": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/178967533/",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [
  {
   "court": "Supreme Court of India",
   "date": "2016-04-27",
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/178967533/",
   "outcome": "acquitted_on_appeal"
  }
 ],
 "final_outcome_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/178967533/",
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/751582/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1094335/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/257706/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-11",
  "chunk-42"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "RAJAST-001",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}