{
 "record_id": "CW-2011-0009",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0550",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "K. Lakshmana, I.P.S. v. C.B.I. and Anr.",
 "display_title_redacted": "K. Lakshmana, I.P.S. v. C.B.I. and Anr.",
 "state": "Kerala",
 "district": "Wayanad",
 "district_at_time": "Kannur",
 "city_town": "Thirunelli",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Mananthawady Police Station (Crime 28/70)",
 "court": "Kerala High Court",
 "court_as_verified": "Kerala High Court",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "K. Lakshmana, I.P.S. v. C.B.I. and Anr.",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 2216 of 2010 with Criminal R.P. No. 734 of 2011",
 "citation": "(2011) 06 KL CK 0012",
 "judges": [
  "Thottathil B. Radhakrishnan",
  "S.S. Satheesachandran"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2011-06-14",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2011,
 "incident_date": "1970-02-18",
 "incident_year": 1970,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing",
 "subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing",
 "subcategory_display": "fake encounter extrajudicial killing",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 302",
  "IPC 34"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": "K. Lakshmana",
   "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police",
   "role": "convicted",
   "unit": "Kerala Police",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.19,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.95,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "K. Lakshmana",
   "display": "K. Lakshmana (Deputy Superintendent of Police)"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Thirunelli man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/532248/k-lakshmana-ips-appellant-hash-cbi-and-another-respondent/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "Naxalite leader a Thirunelli man was captured alive by a CRPF-police combing party at Thirunelli on 18 February 1970 and held in custody with hands tied, but instead of being produced, was shot dead by Constable at the command of DySP K. Lakshmana, who then lodged a false encounter complaint (Crime 28/70). The truth emerged only in 1998 when the shooter's confessional note surfaced, leading to a CBI case resting on CRPF Constable's testimony. The Special Judge (SPE/CBI) convicted Lakshmana under s.302/34 IPC with life plus Rs.10,000 fine and acquitted DIG (A3). The Kerala High Court held the encounter story false and invented, dismissed both the appeal and the victim's brother's revision for death enhancement, and affirmed the life sentence.",
 "summary_verified": "Naxalite leader a Thirunelli man was captured alive by a CRPF-police combing party at Thirunelli on 18 February 1970 and held in custody with hands tied, but instead of being produced, was shot dead by Constable at the command of DySP K. Lakshmana, who then lodged a false encounter complaint (Crime 28/70). The truth emerged only in 1998 when the shooter's confessional note surfaced, leading to a CBI case resting on CRPF Constable's testimony. The Special Judge (SPE/CBI) convicted Lakshmana under s.302/34 IPC with life plus Rs.10,000 fine and acquitted DIG (A3). The Kerala High Court held the encounter story false and invented, dismissed both the appeal and the victim's brother's revision for death enhancement, and affirmed the life sentence.",
 "court_quote": "The case of encounter death of a Thirunelli man is nothing but a false and invented story, to explain away his brutal annihilation while he was in custody.",
 "court_quote_para": "55",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Kerala HC affirmed life term of DySP-turned-IPS officer for ordering 1970 custodial killing of a Thirunelli man",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Kerala High Court judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Kerala High Court judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "(2011) 06 KL CK 0012",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2011-06-14",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Kerala High Court",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Kerala High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "(2011) 06 KL CK 0012",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/532248/k-lakshmana-ips-appellant-hash-cbi-and-another-respondent/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-41"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWFAKEEN-011",
 "officers_named_public": 1,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}