{
 "record_id": "CW-2013-0007",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0351",
 "alias_merged_ids": [
  "CWC-1476"
 ],
 "display_title": "Charanjit and Ors. v. State of Punjab and Anr.",
 "display_title_redacted": "Charanjit and Ors. v. State of Punjab and Anr.",
 "state": "Punjab",
 "district": "Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar",
 "district_at_time": "Hoshiarpur",
 "city_town": "Balachaur",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Balachaur Police Station",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Charanjit and Ors. v. State of Punjab and Anr.",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 232 of 2007",
 "citation": "(2013) 11 SCC 163; AIR 2013 SC 2896",
 "judges": [
  "A. K. Patnaik",
  "Gyan Sudha Misra"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2013-07-04",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2013,
 "incident_date": "1989-02-09",
 "incident_year": 1989,
 "category": "Custodial torture",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault",
 "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 323",
  "IPC 504",
  "IPC 376(2)(a)",
  "IPC 376(2)(g)",
  "IPC 342",
  "IPC 34"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": "Radha Krishan",
   "rank": "Station House Officer",
   "unit": "Balachaur Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.06,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Radha Krishan",
   "display": "Radha Krishan (Station House Officer)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Charanjit",
   "rank": null,
   "unit": "Balachaur Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.06,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Charanjit",
   "display": "Charanjit"
  },
  {
   "name": "Kashmiri Lal",
   "rank": null,
   "unit": "Balachaur Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.11,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.92,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Kashmiri Lal",
   "display": "Kashmiri Lal"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 3,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Balachaur woman"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": 10,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/169026887/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/669435/charanjit-and-others-vs-state-of-punjab-and-another/",
  "https://research.grhari.com/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-in-police-custody-rape-case-charanjit-ors-vs-state-of-punjab-2013/"
 ],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of Balachaur SHO Radha Krishan and two policemen convicted of detaining a dai overnight on 9 February 1989 and gang-raping her after picking her up for interrogation about terrorists frequenting her house. The Court sustained the concurrent findings under Sections 323/34, 504/34, 376(2)(a) and 376(2)(g), plus Section 342 against the SHO, believing the victim consistent account corroborated by her husband and neighbour who saw her bleeding and torn-clothed on release. It rejected the police claim of same-evening release with a signed writing, noting the station Daily Diary and Register II were suppressed. No medical evidence existed as doctors refused examination under SHO pressure. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of Balachaur SHO Radha Krishan and two policemen convicted of detaining a dai overnight on 9 February 1989 and gang-raping her after picking her up for interrogation about terrorists frequenting her house. The Court sustained the concurrent findings under Sections 323/34, 504/34, 376(2)(a) and 376(2)(g), plus Section 342 against the SHO, believing the victim consistent account corroborated by her husband and neighbour who saw her bleeding and torn-clothed on release. It rejected the police claim of same-evening release with a signed writing, noting the station Daily Diary and Register II were suppressed. No medical evidence existed as doctors refused examination under SHO pressure.",
 "court_quote": "Thus, the trial court and the High Court have recorded concurrent findings of facts holding the Appellants guilty of the offences under Sections 323/34, 504/34, 376(2)(a) and 376(2)(g) Indian Penal Code and the Appellant-Radha Krishan guilty of the offence u/s 342 Indian Penal Code also.",
 "court_quote_para": "16",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified via mirror (primary 429); custodial gang-rape convictions of 3 Balachaur policemen upheld.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial torture",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "(2013) 11 SCC 163; AIR 2013 SC 2896",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2013-07-04",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "(2013) 11 SCC 163; AIR 2013 SC 2896",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "wrong_facts",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/169026887/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/669435/charanjit-and-others-vs-state-of-punjab-and-another/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://research.grhari.com/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-in-police-custody-rape-case-charanjit-ors-vs-state-of-punjab-2013/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-37",
  "chunk-42"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SUPREM-038",
 "officers_named_public": 3,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}