{ "record_id": "CW-2015-0006", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0314", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Balbir Singh vs State of Punjab", "display_title_redacted": "Balbir Singh vs State of Punjab", "state": "Punjab", "district": "Hoshiarpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mahilpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Mahilpur", "court": "Punjab and Haryana High Court", "court_as_verified": "Punjab and Haryana High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Balbir Singh vs State of Punjab", "case_number": "CRA No. S-285-SB of 2004", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Darshan Singh" ], "judgment_date": "2015-04-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2015, "incident_date": "2002-05-02", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Balbir Singh", "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Police Station Mahilpur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.16, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Balbir Singh", "display": "Balbir Singh (Assistant Sub-Inspector)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mahilpur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/30863919/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Punjab and Haryana High Court upheld the bribery conviction of ASI Balbir Singh, who as investigating officer of FIR 23/2002 demanded Rs 5,000 from complainant [name withheld] for joining investigation after anticipatory bail, settling for Rs 3,000 at his official quarter on 2 May 2002. A Vigilance Bureau trap with phenolphthalein-treated notes and a shadow witness caught him accepting the money. The Court rejected defences of false implication and sanction invalidity and affirmed one year's rigorous imprisonment with a Rs 5,000 fine. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Punjab and Haryana High Court upheld the bribery conviction of ASI Balbir Singh, who as investigating officer of FIR 23/2002 demanded Rs 5,000 from complainant [name withheld] for joining investigation after anticipatory bail, settling for Rs 3,000 at his official quarter on 2 May 2002. A Vigilance Bureau trap with phenolphthalein-treated notes and a shadow witness caught him accepting the money. The Court rejected defences of false implication and sanction invalidity and affirmed one year's rigorous imprisonment with a Rs 5,000 fine.", "court_quote": "I do not find any legal infirmity or impropriety in the conviction and sentence of the appellant as recorded by the learned trial Court. The same is hereby maintained and affirmed.", "court_quote_para": "41", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "P&H HC dismissed the appeal and affirmed the ASI's PC Act conviction and 1-year sentence; matches conviction_upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Punjab and Haryana High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Punjab and Haryana High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "CRA No. S-285-SB of 2004", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2015-04-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Punjab and Haryana High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Punjab and Haryana High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "CRA No. S-285-SB of 2004", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/30863919/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-29" ], "merged_case_id": "PUNJAB-018", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }