{
 "record_id": "CW-2018-0001",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0093",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Lahori Gate Police Constable v. State (Through NCT of Delhi); Sher Singh v. Govt. of NCT of Delhi; [name withheld] v. State",
 "display_title_redacted": "Lahori Gate Police Constable v. State (Through NCT of Delhi); Sher Singh v. Govt. of NCT of Delhi; [name withheld] v. State",
 "state": "Delhi",
 "district": "Central Delhi",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Lahori Gate",
 "police_station_or_unit": "PS Lahori Gate, Delhi",
 "court": "Delhi High Court",
 "court_as_verified": "Delhi High Court",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Lahori Gate Police Constable v. State (Through NCT of Delhi); Sher Singh v. Govt. of NCT of Delhi; [name withheld] v. State",
 "case_number": "Crl. A. Nos. 54/2004, 81/2004 & 198/2004 (against trial judgment 06-01-2004)",
 "citation": null,
 "judges": [
  "G. S. Sistani",
  "Sangita Dhingra Sehgal"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2018-01-03",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2018,
 "incident_date": "1991-05-10",
 "incident_year": 1991,
 "category": "Custodial death",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial death",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 302",
  "IPC 330",
  "IPC 348",
  "IPC 304 Part II",
  "IPC 34"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Constable",
   "unit": "PS Lahori Gate, Delhi",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear",
    "key2_openrouter:unclear"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "unclear",
   "key2_gpt56": "yes",
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.11,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Constable, PS Lahori Gate, Delhi"
  },
  {
   "name": "Sher Singh",
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "PS Lahori Gate, Delhi",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "key2_gemapi:unclear(overruled by grok)",
    "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)",
    "key2_gpt56:no(overruled by grok)"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": "unclear",
   "key2_openrouter": "unclear",
   "key2_gpt56": "no",
   "grok": "yes",
   "jev_risk": 0.06,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.96,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Sher Singh",
   "display": "Sher Singh (Sub-Inspector)"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 2,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Lahori Gate man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/43971311/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The Division Bench upheld the convictions of Constable and Sub-Inspector Sher Singh of PS Lahori Gate for beating night-watchman a Lahori Gate man to death. Picked up around midnight on 1-5-1991 and illegally confined at the police station, the victim was beaten mercilessly while his father was asked for bribes for his release; he died on 10-5-1991. The court called it a case where guardians of law became its transgressors, upholding [name withheld]'s sections 302/330/348 conviction and Sher Singh's section 304-II conviction with surrender in 10 days. SHO was acquitted for want of a properly framed charge, but the court directed disciplinary proceedings against all including [name withheld] for fabrication of evidence. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Division Bench upheld the convictions of Constable and Sub-Inspector Sher Singh of PS Lahori Gate for beating night-watchman a Lahori Gate man to death. Picked up around midnight on 1-5-1991 and illegally confined at the police station, the victim was beaten mercilessly while his father was asked for bribes for his release; he died on 10-5-1991. The court called it a case where guardians of law became its transgressors, upholding [name withheld]'s sections 302/330/348 conviction and Sher Singh's section 304-II conviction with surrender in 10 days. SHO was acquitted for want of a properly framed charge, but the court directed disciplinary proceedings against all including [name withheld] for fabrication of evidence.",
 "court_quote": "To conclude, we uphold the conviction of the appellant [name withheld] under Sections 302, 330 and 348 and the sentence imposed by the Trial Court. The conviction and sentence of appellant Sher Singh is also upheld. Appellant [name withheld] is acquitted of the charges against him.",
 "court_quote_para": "156",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Convictions of constable (s.302) and SI (s.304-II) upheld; SHO acquitted on charge defect — operative conclusion verified.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial death",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Delhi High Court judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Delhi High Court judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "Crl. A. Nos. 54/2004, 81/2004 & 198/2004 (against trial judgment 06-01-2004)",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2018-01-03",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Delhi High Court",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Delhi High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "Crl. A. Nos. 54/2004, 81/2004 & 198/2004 (against trial judgment 06-01-2004)",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/43971311/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-03",
  "chunk-r02",
  "chunk-r10"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "DELHI-002",
 "officers_named_public": 1,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}