{
 "record_id": "CW-2018-0011",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0240",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade & Ors. vs State of Maharashtra",
 "display_title_redacted": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade & Ors. vs State of Maharashtra",
 "state": "Maharashtra",
 "district": "Nagpur",
 "district_at_time": "Nagpur",
 "city_town": "Nagpur",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade & Ors. vs State of Maharashtra",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 385-388 of 2008, 299 of 2008 with 182-187 of 2009",
 "citation": null,
 "judges": [
  "N.V. Ramana",
  "Mohan M. Shantanagoudar"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2018-09-04",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2018,
 "incident_date": "1993-06-23",
 "incident_year": 1993,
 "category": "Custodial death",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial death",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 330"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Inspector",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "named_only",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:named_only",
    "key2:no",
    "key2_openrouter:no"
   ],
   "ledger_role": "named_only",
   "key2": "no",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "no",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.93,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.18,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Inspector, Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar"
  },
  {
   "name": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade",
   "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.05,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.94,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade",
   "display": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade (Assistant Police Inspector)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Rambhau Vitthalrao Kadu",
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.4,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.79,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Rambhau Vitthalrao Kadu",
   "display": "Rambhau Vitthalrao Kadu (Sub-Inspector)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Jahiruddin Bashirmiya Deshmukh",
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.32,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.77,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Jahiruddin Bashirmiya Deshmukh",
   "display": "Jahiruddin Bashirmiya Deshmukh (Police Constable)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Nilkanth Pandurang Chaurpagar",
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.29,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.77,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Nilkanth Pandurang Chaurpagar",
   "display": "Nilkanth Pandurang Chaurpagar (Police Constable)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Namdeo Nathuji Ganeshkar",
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.29,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.84,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Namdeo Nathuji Ganeshkar",
   "display": "Namdeo Nathuji Ganeshkar (Police Constable)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Ramesh Tukaram Bhoyar",
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.31,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.79,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Ramesh Tukaram Bhoyar",
   "display": "Ramesh Tukaram Bhoyar (Police Constable)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Ashok Bhawani Gulam Shukla",
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.45,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.68,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Ashok Bhawani Gulam Shukla",
   "display": "Ashok Bhawani Gulam Shukla (Police Constable)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Sudhakar Marotrao Thakre",
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.34,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.78,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "Sudhakar Marotrao Thakre",
   "display": "Sudhakar Marotrao Thakre (Police Constable)"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 9,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": 42,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Nagpur man, age 42"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": 7,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29693305/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://indialegallive.com/constitutional-law-news/supreme-court-news/sc-ups-sentence-for-maharashtra-cops-from-3-to-7-years-in-custodial-death-case/",
  "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5b8eba5b9eff430c43a25751",
  "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/sc-stresses-on-need-to-develop-and-recognize-democratic-policing-concept-enhances-punishment-to-cops-involved-in-custodial-torture-case-read-judgment"
 ],
 "summary": "On the night of 23/24 June 1993 Nagpur policemen dragged Joinus Yellamati from his home at about 1 AM without registering any offence, beat him at multiple locations to extract a confession, and locked him up; he was found dead in the morning. The trial court convicted ten policemen and the High Court sustained only the Section 330 IPC convictions. The Supreme Court dismissed the policemen's appeals, holding the late-night picking-up and torture violated basic constitutional rights, and enhanced the Section 330 sentence from three years to the seven-year maximum for deterrence. The eight surviving convicts were ordered to surrender forthwith to serve the enhanced terms. Accused A-1 [name withheld] died after filing the appeal, so his name was struck off and the conviction against him abated; the officer list records the trial conviction, not a subsisting one. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "On the night of 23/24 June 1993 Nagpur policemen dragged Joinus Yellamati from his home at about 1 AM without registering any offence, beat him at multiple locations to extract a confession, and locked him up; he was found dead in the morning. The trial court convicted ten policemen and the High Court sustained only the Section 330 IPC convictions. The Supreme Court dismissed the policemen's appeals, holding the late-night picking-up and torture violated basic constitutional rights, and enhanced the Section 330 sentence from three years to the seven-year maximum for deterrence. The eight surviving convicts were ordered to surrender forthwith to serve the enhanced terms.",
 "court_quote": "We deem it appropriate to increase the term of sentence to maximum imposable period under Section 330 of IPC i.e., seven years of rigorous imprisonment",
 "court_quote_para": "34",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "ACCEPT: SC judgment verified via India Legal, LatestLY and casemine reports; Section 330 IPC convictions of Nagpur policemen upheld and sentence enhanced from 3 to 7 years RI; A-1 [name withheld] appeal abated (died); A-10 acquittal undisturbed.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial death",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 385-388 of 2008, 299 of 2008 with 182-187 of 2009",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2018-09-04",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 385-388 of 2008, 299 of 2008 with 182-187 of 2009",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": [
    "court_quote_para"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29693305/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://indialegallive.com/constitutional-law-news/supreme-court-news/sc-ups-sentence-for-maharashtra-cops-from-3-to-7-years-in-custodial-death-case/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5b8eba5b9eff430c43a25751",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/sc-stresses-on-need-to-develop-and-recognize-democratic-policing-concept-enhances-punishment-to-cops-involved-in-custodial-torture-case-read-judgment",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": false,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-08",
  "chunk-r05"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-010",
 "officers_named_public": 8,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}