{
 "record_id": "CW-2024-0017",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0767",
 "alias_merged_ids": [
  "CWC-0248"
 ],
 "display_title": "Gondia Police Police Constable and others v. State of Maharashtra",
 "display_title_redacted": "Gondia Police Police Constable and others v. State of Maharashtra",
 "state": "Maharashtra",
 "district": "Gondia",
 "district_at_time": "Bhandara",
 "city_town": "Gondia",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Gondia City Police Station (Detective Branch Room), Gondia",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Gondia Police Police Constable and others v. State of Maharashtra",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 1614-1618 of 2012",
 "citation": "2024 INSC 734",
 "judges": [
  "C. T. Ravikumar",
  "Sanjay Kumar"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2024-09-25",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2024,
 "incident_date": "1995-12-15",
 "incident_year": 1995,
 "category": "Custodial death",
 "admin_category": "brutality",
 "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory": "custodial_death",
 "subcategory_display": "custodial death",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 330",
  "IPC 348",
  "IPC 387",
  "IPC 34"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Gondia City Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Gondia City Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Gondia City Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Gondia City Police Station",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "Gondia City Police Station",
   "role": "named_only",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Gondia City Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Head Constable",
   "unit": "Gondia City Police Station",
   "role": "named_only",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Head Constable, Gondia City Police Station"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Police Constable",
   "unit": "Gondia City Police Station",
   "role": "named_only",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row",
    "key2:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": null,
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": null,
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": null,
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 7,
 "victims": [
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "name": null,
   "descriptor": "Gondia man"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "name": null,
   "descriptor": "Gondia woman"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "name": null,
   "descriptor": "Gondia woman"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "name": null,
   "descriptor": "Gondia woman"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "name": null,
   "descriptor": "Gondia woman"
  },
  {
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "name": null,
   "descriptor": "Gondia woman"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 6,
 "sentence_type": "imprisonment",
 "sentence_max_years": 1,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199957261/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/708824/",
  "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/",
  "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/manik-v-the-state-of-maharashtrawatermark-1655838.pdf",
  "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702"
 ],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court (2-judge bench, split verdict) confirmed the finding of custodial torture of a Gondia man @ a Gondia man and upheld the conviction and sentence of four Gondia City policemen (A2 [name withheld], A4 [name withheld], A3 [name withheld], A5 [name withheld]) under Sections 330, 348 and 387 read with 34 IPC (one year rigorous imprisonment plus Rs 1,000 fine on each count). The majority (Ravikumar J.) acquitted them of Sections 304 Part II, 331, 201, 202, 203 and 218 IPC for want of proof of homicidal death, holding the recovered burnt body was never proved to be a Gondia man's and the fingerprint identification was guesswork. Sanjay Kumar J. dissented, holding the policemen staged a false escape drama and concocted records, and voted to maintain all convictions and dismiss all appeals; A1 [name withheld]'s appeal was held abated on his death (dissent noted no record of death).",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court (2-judge bench, split verdict) confirmed the finding of custodial torture of a Gondia man @ a Gondia man and upheld the conviction and sentence of four Gondia City policemen (A2 [name withheld], A4 [name withheld], A3 [name withheld], A5 [name withheld]) under Sections 330, 348 and 387 read with 34 IPC (one year rigorous imprisonment plus Rs 1,000 fine on each count). The majority (Ravikumar J.) acquitted them of Sections 304 Part II, 331, 201, 202, 203 and 218 IPC for want of proof of homicidal death, holding the recovered burnt body was never proved to be a Gondia man's and the fingerprint identification was guesswork. Sanjay Kumar J. dissented, holding the policemen staged a false escape drama and concocted records, and voted to maintain all convictions and dismiss all appeals; A1 [name withheld]'s appeal was held abated on his death (dissent noted no record of death).",
 "court_quote": "In view of confirmation of the finding on custodial torture their conviction and consequential sentence under Section 330, 348 and 387 read with Section 34, IPC is to be confirmed.",
 "court_quote_para": "50",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Primary SC judgment plus impugned HC judgment (12-07-2011) both verified. Accused are police; custodial-torture convictions upheld so conviction_upheld stands. Incident span 15-22 Dec 1995 per HC charge. Name/rank spellings corrected per HC accused memo (Aglawe, Ratiram, Dongare; [name withheld] is PC not HC). A2 buckle omitted: HC memo repeats 409 for both A2 and A3 (apparent typo). compensation_inr null: SC awarded none; input's Rs 74,000x5 HC compensation (Cri WP 293/2002) is a separate judgment, not re-verified.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Custodial death",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "2024 INSC 734",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2024-09-25",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "2024 INSC 734",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2024-09-25",
   "action_type": "Appeal pending",
   "status": "Pending",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "As of 25 September 2024, an appeal arising from this judgment was pending before the Supreme Court of India (officers: [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld]); the judgment's findings had not been set aside on that date.",
   "disposition": "Later proceeding · Appeal pending",
   "source": "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [
  {
   "court": "Supreme Court of India",
   "date": "2024-09-25",
   "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702",
   "outcome": "pending_appeal"
  }
 ],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "wrong_facts",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199957261/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/708824/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/manik-v-the-state-of-maharashtrawatermark-1655838.pdf",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-08",
  "chunk-30",
  "chunk-r06"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-006",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}