{
 "record_id": "CW-2025-0004",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0355",
 "alias_merged_ids": [
  "CWC-1422",
  "CWC-1479"
 ],
 "display_title": "Vriddhachalam Police Inspector vs The State by DSP",
 "display_title_redacted": "Vriddhachalam Police Inspector vs The State by DSP",
 "state": "Tamil Nadu",
 "district": "Cuddalore",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Vriddhachalam",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Vriddhachalam Police Station",
 "court": "Supreme Court of India",
 "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "Vriddhachalam Police Inspector vs The State by DSP",
 "case_number": "Criminal Appeal arising out of SLP (Crl.) No. 1522 of 2023 and connected appeals",
 "citation": "2025 INSC 576",
 "judges": [
  "Prashant Kumar Mishra",
  "Sudhanshu Dhulia"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2025-04-28",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2025,
 "incident_date": "2003-07-08",
 "incident_year": 2003,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "misconduct",
 "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering",
 "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering",
 "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "IPC 217",
  "IPC 218",
  "SC/ST Act 1989 s.3(2)(i)",
  "SC/ST Act 1989 s.4"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Inspector",
   "unit": "Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Inspector, Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "rank": "Sub-Inspector",
   "unit": "Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "gate_reasons": [
    "ledger:no_row"
   ],
   "ledger_role": null,
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": null,
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": null,
   "jev_p_culpable": null,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": null,
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "Sub-Inspector, Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 2,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Vriddhachalam man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "female",
   "descriptor": "Vriddhachalam woman"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 2,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "compensation_inr": 500000,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/146992794/",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29817701/",
  "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/tn-honour-killing-case-supreme-court-upholds-life-sentence-of-police-inspector-for-fabricating-evidence-against-dalits-290616",
  "https://www.barandbench.com/news/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-11-including-2-police-officers-for-honor-killing-tn-couple",
  "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/k-p-tamilmaran-v-the-statewatermark-1707749.pdf",
  "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-upholds-convictions-in-kannagi-murugesan-honour-killing-case-of-tamil-nadu-290528",
  "https://api.sci.gov.in/supremecourt/2022/41411/41411_2022_12_1501_61313_Judgement_28-Apr-2025.pdf"
 ],
 "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeals in the 2003 a Vriddhachalam woman-a Vriddhachalam man honour killing at Vriddhachalam, Cuddalore district, upholding the convictions of Sub-Inspector and Inspector, who knew of the double murder from 8 July 2003 but refused to register an FIR and, nine days later under pressure, manufactured extra-judicial confessions and chargesheeted four innocent Dalit family members of the victim alongside the real culprits to shield the dominant-caste accused. Calling Inspector the main architect of the false FIR and dishonest investigation, the Court upheld his life sentence under Sections 217-218 IPC and Sections 4 and 3(2)(i) of the SC/ST Act, and upheld [name withheld] conviction as modified by the High Court to two years rigorous imprisonment under Section 217 IPC and Section 4 of the SC/ST Act. Terming honour killing the ugly reality of the entrenched caste structure, the Court awarded Rs 5 lakh victim compensation to the father and step-mother of a Vriddhachalam man, payable by the State of Tamil Nadu. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeals in the 2003 a Vriddhachalam woman-a Vriddhachalam man honour killing at Vriddhachalam, Cuddalore district, upholding the convictions of Sub-Inspector and Inspector, who knew of the double murder from 8 July 2003 but refused to register an FIR and, nine days later under pressure, manufactured extra-judicial confessions and chargesheeted four innocent Dalit family members of the victim alongside the real culprits to shield the dominant-caste accused. Calling Inspector the main architect of the false FIR and dishonest investigation, the Court upheld his life sentence under Sections 217-218 IPC and Sections 4 and 3(2)(i) of the SC/ST Act, and upheld [name withheld] conviction as modified by the High Court to two years rigorous imprisonment under Section 217 IPC and Section 4 of the SC/ST Act. Terming honour killing the ugly reality of the entrenched caste structure, the Court awarded Rs 5 lakh victim compensation to the father and step-mother of a Vriddhachalam man, payable by the State of Tamil Nadu.",
 "court_quote": "Evidence, as discussed earlier, makes it clear that [name withheld] manufactured the extra-judicial confessions and evidence and thereafter, filed the chargesheet against Dalits on the basis of that evidence.",
 "court_quote_para": "74(b)",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Supreme Court dismissed appeals and upheld life sentence of Inspector and 2-year sentence of SI for burying the a Vriddhachalam woman-a Vriddhachalam man honour killing and framing innocent Dalits, with Rs 5 lakh victim compensation.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "2025 INSC 576",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2025-04-28",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "2025 INSC 576",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/146992794/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29817701/",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/tn-honour-killing-case-supreme-court-upholds-life-sentence-of-police-inspector-for-fabricating-evidence-against-dalits-290616",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-11-including-2-police-officers-for-honor-killing-tn-couple",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/k-p-tamilmaran-v-the-statewatermark-1707749.pdf",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-upholds-convictions-in-kannagi-murugesan-honour-killing-case-of-tamil-nadu-290528",
   "link_checked": null
  },
  {
   "url": "https://api.sci.gov.in/supremecourt/2022/41411/41411_2022_12_1501_61313_Judgement_28-Apr-2025.pdf",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-11",
  "chunk-32",
  "chunk-45",
  "chunk-r07"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-002",
 "officers_named_public": 0,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}