{
 "record_id": "CW-2025-0020",
 "status": "current",
 "merged_id": "CWC-0209",
 "alias_merged_ids": [],
 "display_title": "S. Navas vs State Of Kerala",
 "display_title_redacted": "S. Navas vs State Of Kerala",
 "state": "Kerala",
 "district": "Thiruvananthapuram",
 "district_at_time": null,
 "city_town": "Thumba",
 "police_station_or_unit": "Thumba Police Station",
 "court": "Kerala High Court",
 "court_as_verified": "Kerala High Court",
 "bench": null,
 "case_title": "S. Navas vs State Of Kerala",
 "case_number": "Crl.A. No. 488 of 2020",
 "citation": "2025:KER:72309",
 "judges": [
  "A. Badharudeen"
 ],
 "judgment_date": "2025-09-26",
 "date_precision": "day",
 "judgment_year": 2025,
 "incident_date": "2012-11-23",
 "incident_year": 2012,
 "category": "Other",
 "admin_category": "corruption",
 "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act",
 "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act",
 "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act",
 "protest_override_heuristic": false,
 "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld",
 "sections": [
  "PC Act 1988 s.7",
  "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)",
  "PC Act 1988 s.13(2)"
 ],
 "officers": [
  {
   "name": "S. Navas",
   "rank": "Senior Civil Police Officer (T 9170)",
   "unit": "Thumba Police Station, Thiruvananthapuram",
   "role": "convicted",
   "publish_grade": "named_safe",
   "gate_reasons": [],
   "ledger_role": "convicted",
   "key2": "yes",
   "key2_agy": "yes",
   "key2_claude": null,
   "key2_union": "yes",
   "key2_gemapi": null,
   "key2_openrouter": "yes",
   "key2_gpt56": null,
   "grok": null,
   "jev_risk": 0.04,
   "jev_p_culpable": 0.97,
   "key2_gpt": null,
   "later_outcome": "none_found",
   "name_public": "S. Navas",
   "display": "S. Navas (Senior Civil Police Officer (T 9170))"
  }
 ],
 "officer_count": 1,
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "age": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Thumba man"
  }
 ],
 "victims_redacted": null,
 "anonymised": false,
 "victim_count": 1,
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": 1,
 "compensation_inr": null,
 "force": "state_police",
 "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/61881628/",
 "secondary_sources": [],
 "summary": "The judgment of the Kerala High Court records the following account. Senior CPO S. Navas of Thumba Police Station demanded Rs 1,000 from passport applicant a Thumba man on 15 November 2012, claiming a pending accident case against him, and was trapped by vigilance on 23 November 2012 accepting the marked Rs 1,000 as motive for a clear passport verification report; demand and acceptance were proved beyond reasonable doubt. The Special Court convicted him under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with Section 13(2) of the PC Act with three-year sentences. The Kerala High Court confirmed both convictions but modified the sentences to six months simple imprisonment with Rs 10,000 fine under Section 7 and one year simple imprisonment with Rs 15,000 fine under Section 13, vacating the suspension of sentence and directing surrender. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.",
 "summary_verified": "Senior CPO S. Navas of Thumba Police Station demanded Rs 1,000 from passport applicant a Thumba man on 15 November 2012, claiming a pending accident case against him, and was trapped by vigilance on 23 November 2012 accepting the marked Rs 1,000 as motive for a clear passport verification report; demand and acceptance were proved beyond reasonable doubt. The Special Court convicted him under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with Section 13(2) of the PC Act with three-year sentences. The Kerala High Court confirmed both convictions but modified the sentences to six months simple imprisonment with Rs 10,000 fine under Section 7 and one year simple imprisonment with Rs 15,000 fine under Section 13, vacating the suspension of sentence and directing surrender.",
 "court_quote": "On re-appreciation of the entire evidence, it could be gathered that in the instant case, the demand and acceptance of ₹1,000/- by the accused on 23.11.2012 are proved beyond reasonable doubt and therefore, the Special Court rightly entered into conviction of the accused for the said offences and the contentions raised by the learned counsel for the accused are found unsustainable. Therefore, the conviction does not require any interference.",
 "court_quote_para": "29",
 "confidence": "high",
 "verdict": "accept",
 "verdict_note": "Kerala HC single judge confirmed ss.7 and 13 PC Act conviction of Thumba Senior CPO for Rs 1,000 passport-verification bribe, modifying sentence to 6 months/1 year SI with fines and vacating bail.",
 "verification_status": "V2",
 "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported",
 "tier_badge": "Externally reported",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "tier_history": [
  "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded"
 ],
 "allegations": [
  {
   "category": "Other",
   "primary": true,
   "position": "Material fact supported",
   "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.",
   "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation"
  }
 ],
 "institutional_response": [
  {
   "date": null,
   "action_type": "Conviction",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Kerala High Court judgment)",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Kerala High Court judgment.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation",
   "source": "2025:KER:72309",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  },
  {
   "date": "2025-09-26",
   "action_type": "Order issued",
   "status": "Concluded",
   "authority": "Kerala High Court",
   "independence": "External",
   "legal_effect": "Binding",
   "description": "The Kerala High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.",
   "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)",
   "source": "2025:KER:72309",
   "recheck": "Not yet re-checked."
  }
 ],
 "later_proceedings": [],
 "final_outcome_url": null,
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "holds",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "link_checked_per_url": [
  {
   "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/61881628/",
   "link_checked": null
  }
 ],
 "source_assessment": {
  "established": null,
  "basis": null
 },
 "v3_basis": null,
 "publication_basis": null,
 "reviews": [],
 "retracted": {
  "is_retracted": false
 },
 "fidelity_checked": true,
 "verified_by": [
  "chunk-06",
  "chunk-r04"
 ],
 "merged_case_id": "KERALA-009",
 "officers_named_public": 1,
 "record_flag": null,
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}