{
 "case_id": "t2-16-003",
 "alias_case_ids": [],
 "verification_status": "V1",
 "gate_status": "V1",
 "verify_passes": {
  "t2-16-003": {
   "ds": "flag",
   "muse": "accept",
   "mverify": "accept",
   "mverify2": "accept",
   "or2": "flag"
  }
 },
 "verified_by": "t2verify-chunk-03",
 "verified_at": "2026-09-17T22:08:36Z",
 "verdict_note": "Trial life sentences widely reported; Allahabad HC 2022 modified murder to 304-I (7 yr RI).",
 "state": "Uttar Pradesh",
 "district": "Pilibhit",
 "court": "Special Judge, CBI Court No.1 / Additional District Judge, Lucknow",
 "court_level": "cbi_court",
 "trial_court_name": "Special Judge, CBI Court No.1 / Additional District Judge, Lucknow (Spl Judge Lallu Singh)",
 "case_title": "State of UP through CBI v. UP Police UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
 "case_number": "Criminal Case No. 1800439 of 2001 (RC 1-3(S)/1993)",
 "conviction_date": "2016-04-04",
 "conviction_year": 2016,
 "date_precision": "day",
 "incident_date": "1991-07-12",
 "incident_year": 1991,
 "category": "brutality",
 "subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing",
 "raw_subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing",
 "outcome_type": "trial_court_conviction",
 "officers": [
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   "unit": "UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
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   "display": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment), UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
   "key2_union": "unclear",
   "name": null
  },
  {
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  },
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   "rank": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
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   "display": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment), UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
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  },
  {
   "rank": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
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   "display": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment), UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
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  },
  {
   "rank": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
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   "display": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment), UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
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   "name": null
  },
  {
   "rank": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
   "unit": "UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
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   "display": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment), UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
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   "name": null
  },
  {
   "rank": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
   "unit": "UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
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   "display": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment), UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
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   "name": null
  },
  {
   "rank": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
   "unit": "UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
   "publish_grade": "unnamed",
   "name_public": null,
   "display": "UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment), UP Police (Pilibhit operation teams; PS Neoria/Bilsanda/Puranpur jurisdictions)",
   "key2_union": "unclear",
   "name": null
  }
 ],
 "victims": [
  {
   "name": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Pilibhit man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Pilibhit man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Pilibhit man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Pilibhit man"
  },
  {
   "name": null,
   "gender": "male",
   "descriptor": "Pilibhit man"
  }
 ],
 "sections": [
  "IPC 120B",
  "IPC 302",
  "IPC 364",
  "IPC 365",
  "IPC 218",
  "IPC 117"
 ],
 "sentence": "Trial court (4 April 2016): life imprisonment (302/120B) + 10 yr RI (364) + 5 yr RI (365) + 2 yr RI (218) + 1 yr RI (117) with graded fines (Rs 2-7 lakh on 302 count). Guilty verdict 1 April 2016.",
 "sentence_type": "mixed",
 "sentence_max_years": null,
 "appeal_status": "upheld",
 "appeal_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/allahabad-high-court-pilibhit-fake-encounter1991-police-cant-kill-accused-dreaded-criminal-216843",
 "source_kind": "judgment",
 "source_agency": null,
 "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/devendra-pandey-and-others-vs-state-of-up-thru-cbi-along-with-connected-matters-allahabad-high-court-449410.pdf",
 "secondary_sources": [
  "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/allahabad-high-court-pilibhit-fake-encounter1991-police-cant-kill-accused-dreaded-criminal-216843",
  "https://www.livemint.com/Politics/h3SICJmH3S0rx2Sd2lbbtL/Pilibhit-encounter-CBI-court-awards-life-sentence-to-47-pol.html?facet=amp"
 ],
 "summary": "The Special Judge CBI/ADJ Lucknow on 4 April 2016 convicted 47 UP policemen of abducting ten Sikh pilgrims from a bus on 12-13 July 1991 and killing them in staged encounters at three sites (Neoria, Bilsanda, Puranpur), then fabricating encounter records; motive per CBI was gallantry awards. All 47 got life terms plus consecutive RI counts. On 15 December 2022 the Allahabad High Court (Justices Ramesh Sinha and Saroj Yadav) partly allowed appeals: it set aside the 302/120B murder conviction for want of proved conspiracy but convicted the 43 surviving appellants of culpable homicide (304-I IPC), holding police exceeded lawful power and cannot kill even dreaded criminals, sentencing them to 7 years RI plus Rs 10,000 fine.",
 "court_quote": null,
 "confidence": "high",
 "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded",
 "source_job": "t2-16",
 "r8_check": {
  "date": "2026-09-19",
  "member_verdicts": {
   "t2-16-003": "wrong_facts"
  },
  "applied": [],
  "noted": [
   "t2-16-003:appeal_status"
  ]
 },
 "verification_badge": "V1 · Provenance checked — internal only",
 "tier_badge": null,
 "subcategory_display": "fake encounter extrajudicial killing",
 "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
 "followup_status": "checked",
 "followup_history": [
  {
   "date": "2026-09-19",
   "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass",
   "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published row against the official source (reverify/t2-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)",
   "result": "t2-16-003=wrong_facts",
   "corrections_applied": []
  }
 ],
 "case_title_or_number": "State of UP through CBI v. UP Police UP Police personnel (rank not individually stated in judgment)",
 "service": "police",
 "watch": "babuwatch"
}