{ "state": "Gujarat", "slug": "gujarat", "count": 73, "url": "https://datalibertarian.in/babuwatch/state/gujarat", "cases": [ { "record_id": "CW-1926-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0494", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Emperor v. [name withheld]", "display_title_redacted": "Emperor v. [name withheld]", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Surat", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Police Department, Surat (Sessions Division Surat)", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Emperor v. [name withheld]", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal (dismissed 7 April 1926); Revision for enhancement of sentence under Section 439 CrPC (decided 17 June 1926)", "citation": "AIR 1926 Bom 555", "judges": [ "Fawcett", "Madgavkar" ], "judgment_date": "1926-06-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1926, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 218", "IPC 193", "IPC 196", "IPC 465" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Police Department, Surat", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Police Department, Surat" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 2, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1936780/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court confirmed the conviction of Sub-Inspector by the Sessions Judge, Surat, for framing an incorrect record (Section 218 IPC), fabricating false evidence (Section 193), using fabricated evidence (Section 196) and forgery (Section 465), dismissing his appeal on 7 April 1926. On a Government Pleader application for enhancement, the Court held on 17 June 1926 that one year rigorous imprisonment was unduly lenient given the abuse of investigative powers. The Court enhanced each term to two years rigorous imprisonment (concurrent) and maintained the Rs 500 fine under Section 218 IPC. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court confirmed the conviction of Sub-Inspector by the Sessions Judge, Surat, for framing an incorrect record (Section 218 IPC), fabricating false evidence (Section 193), using fabricated evidence (Section 196) and forgery (Section 465), dismissing his appeal on 7 April 1926. On a Government Pleader application for enhancement, the Court held on 17 June 1926 that one year rigorous imprisonment was unduly lenient given the abuse of investigative powers. The Court enhanced each term to two years rigorous imprisonment (concurrent) and maintained the Rs 500 fine under Section 218 IPC.", "court_quote": "The offences were of very great seriousness; for the Sub-Inspector abused his powers of investigation of crime in a manner that strikes at the root of the proper administration of justice.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SI conviction for fabricated investigation record confirmed; sentence enhanced to 2 years RI.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "AIR 1926 Bom 555", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1926-06-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "AIR 1926 Bom 555", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1936780/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "SWDERELI-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1954-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0539", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Rampur Police Police Jamadar v. The State of Kutch", "display_title_redacted": "Rampur Police Police Jamadar v. The State of Kutch", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Kachchh", "district_at_time": "Kutch (then State of Kutch)", "city_town": "Rampur", "police_station_or_unit": "Local Investigation Branch, Mandvi", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Rampur Police Police Jamadar v. The State of Kutch", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal by Special Leave", "citation": "AIR 1954 SC 700", "judges": [ "B. Jagannadhadas" ], "judgment_date": "1954-03-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1954, "incident_date": "1950-04-16", "incident_year": 1950, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory_display": "extortion", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 384" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Jamadar", "unit": "Local Investigation Branch, Mandvi, Kutch", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.04, "jev_p_culpable": 0.98, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Jamadar, Local Investigation Branch, Mandvi, Kutch" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Rampur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/471346/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the special-leave appeal of Police [name withheld] of the Local Investigation Branch, Mandvi, upholding his conviction under Section 384 IPC. While checking passports at Rampur village on 16 April 1950, the Jamadar collected a Rampur man's passport and demanded Rs 800 for its return, which was paid on 18 April 1950. The Court held that the implied threat of prosecution and withholding of the passport constituted fear of injury for extortion. The sentence of twelve months' rigorous imprisonment and Rs 100 fine, confirmed by the Sessions Judge and the Judicial Commissioner of Kutch, stood affirmed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the special-leave appeal of Police [name withheld] of the Local Investigation Branch, Mandvi, upholding his conviction under Section 384 IPC. While checking passports at Rampur village on 16 April 1950, the Jamadar collected a Rampur man's passport and demanded Rs 800 for its return, which was paid on 18 April 1950. The Court held that the implied threat of prosecution and withholding of the passport constituted fear of injury for extortion. The sentence of twelve months' rigorous imprisonment and Rs 100 fine, confirmed by the Sessions Judge and the Judicial Commissioner of Kutch, stood affirmed.", "court_quote": "In the result, therefore, all the contentions raised before us by the learned counsel for the appellant fail and we see no reason to interfere either with the conviction or with the sentence. This appeal is accordingly dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Supreme Court dismissed special-leave appeal, upholding Police Jamadar's conviction and 12-month RI plus fine under IPC 384 for extorting Rs 800 for a passport's return.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "AIR 1954 SC 700", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1954-03-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "AIR 1954 SC 700", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/471346/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-16", "chunk-r09" ], "merged_case_id": "SWEXTORT-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1958-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1129", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Karjan Police Sub-Inspector of Police v. State of Bombay", "display_title_redacted": "Karjan Police Sub-Inspector of Police v. State of Bombay", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": "Baroda", "city_town": "Karjan", "police_station_or_unit": "Karjan Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Karjan Police Sub-Inspector of Police v. State of Bombay", "case_number": "First Appeal No. 719 of 1953", "citation": "(1959) 61 BomLR 1625 : (1960) ILLJ 66 Bom : AIR 1960 Bom 225", "judges": [ "K. K. Desai" ], "judgment_date": "1958-09-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1958, "incident_date": "1950-01-31", "incident_year": 1950, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 311(2)", "Constitution Art. 20(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Karjan Police Station, Baroda district", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Karjan Police Station, Baroda district" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.legalindia.com/judgments/d-a-kelshikar-vs-state-of-bombay-on-19-september-1958", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/927730/da-kelshikar-appellant-hash-state-of-bombay-respondent/", "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/345955/d-a-kelshikar-vs-state-bombay" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Sub-Inspector of Karjan was found at a drinking party in Atali village on 31 January 1950, suspended, charge-sheeted for serious misconduct violating the prohibition-obedience circular, and removed from the force by Government resolution dated 5 April 1952. He sued, alleging denial of reasonable opportunity under Article 311(2) and double punishment. The Court held the departmental enquiry duly completed, the show-cause notice satisfied Article 311(2) with no second hearing required, and Government took a serious view of prohibition defaults. It dismissed the suit with costs, upholding removal. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Sub-Inspector of Karjan was found at a drinking party in Atali village on 31 January 1950, suspended, charge-sheeted for serious misconduct violating the prohibition-obedience circular, and removed from the force by Government resolution dated 5 April 1952. He sued, alleging denial of reasonable opportunity under Article 311(2) and double punishment. The Court held the departmental enquiry duly completed, the show-cause notice satisfied Article 311(2) with no second hearing required, and Government took a serious view of prohibition defaults. It dismissed the suit with costs, upholding removal.", "court_quote": "In the result the suit is dismissed with costs.", "court_quote_para": "32", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC judgment verified; Sub-Inspector's removal for prohibition-policy misconduct upheld (disciplinary_upheld).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1958-09-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(1959) 61 BomLR 1625 : (1960) ILLJ 66 Bom : AIR 1960 Bom 225", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.legalindia.com/judgments/d-a-kelshikar-vs-state-of-bombay-on-19-september-1958", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/927730/da-kelshikar-appellant-hash-state-of-bombay-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/345955/d-a-kelshikar-vs-state-bombay", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-101" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-19-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1955-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1132", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Anand Police Police Prosecutor v. The State of Bombay", "display_title_redacted": "Anand Police Police Prosecutor v. The State of Bombay", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Anand", "district_at_time": "Kaira", "city_town": "Anand", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Anand Police Police Prosecutor v. The State of Bombay", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal (number not stated; HC judgment dated 10-09-1955)", "citation": "HC judgment dated 10-09-1955, affirmed in AIR 1960 SC 961", "judges": [], "judgment_date": "1959-04-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1955, "incident_date": "1954-06-24", "incident_year": 1954, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Prosecutor", "unit": "Anand, district Kaira", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Prosecutor, Anand, district Kaira" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Anand man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/847290/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/641200/ramanlal-mohanlal-pandya-appellant-hash-the-state-of-bombay-respondent/" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court on 10 September 1955 dismissed the appeal of [name withheld], Police Prosecutor at Anand, upholding his trial-court conviction and sentence under s.161 IPC for accepting a Rs. 250 bribe. The Supreme Court affirmed on 21 April 1959 (AIR 1960 SC 961), holding the courts below proceeded on no wrong principle and the conviction was proper and correct. The trap evidence showed marked notes paid at the appellant's house on 24 June 1954 were recovered from his shirt pocket with matching numbers. The Supreme Court refused leniency, observing corruption by a public servant is a very serious matter; the High Court judgment text itself is unreported and its outcome is verified verbatim from the Supreme Court judgment. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court on 10 September 1955 dismissed the appeal of [name withheld], Police Prosecutor at Anand, upholding his trial-court conviction and sentence under s.161 IPC for accepting a Rs. 250 bribe. The Supreme Court affirmed on 21 April 1959 (AIR 1960 SC 961), holding the courts below proceeded on no wrong principle and the conviction was proper and correct. The trap evidence showed marked notes paid at the appellant's house on 24 June 1954 were recovered from his shirt pocket with matching numbers. The Supreme Court refused leniency, observing corruption by a public servant is a very serious matter; the High Court judgment text itself is unreported and its outcome is verified verbatim from the Supreme Court judgment.", "court_quote": "This is an appeal against the judgment and order of the High Court of Bombay confirming the conviction of the appellant for an offence u/s 161, I. P. C., for accepting a bribe of Rs. 250/- on June 24, 1954.", "court_quote_para": "1", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC upheld s.161 conviction of police prosecutor; affirmed by SC.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "HC judgment dated 10-09-1955, affirmed in AIR 1960 SC 961", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1959-04-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "HC judgment dated 10-09-1955, affirmed in AIR 1960 SC 961", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court", "judgment_date", "court_quote", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/847290/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/641200/ramanlal-mohanlal-pandya-appellant-hash-the-state-of-bombay-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-19-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1964-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1199", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Ahmedabad city police", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 522 of 1961", "citation": "AIR 1965 Guj 283", "judges": [ "N. M. Miabhoy", "N. K. Vakil" ], "judgment_date": "1964-08-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1964, "incident_date": "1960-01-01", "incident_year": 1960, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.10", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.25(1)", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.25(2)", "Constitution of India Art.311(1)", "Constitution of India Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ahmedabad city police", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ahmedabad city police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/447651/hariprasad-raghuram-dave-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-others/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1844128/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Police Constable, aggrieved over medical-leave and reimbursement claims after kidney operations in 1959, carried on propaganda in the force and squatted in a day-long hunger strike at the Sachivalaya entrance to pressure the authorities. A departmental inquiry found gross breach of discipline and the Deputy Commissioner of Police, Ahmedabad removed him from service. The Gujarat High Court rejected his Article 311(1) and Bombay Police Act challenges, held adequacy of punishment was for the deciding authority with no breach of natural justice, and dismissed his writ petition, sustaining the removal. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Police Constable, aggrieved over medical-leave and reimbursement claims after kidney operations in 1959, carried on propaganda in the force and squatted in a day-long hunger strike at the Sachivalaya entrance to pressure the authorities. A departmental inquiry found gross breach of discipline and the Deputy Commissioner of Police, Ahmedabad removed him from service. The Gujarat High Court rejected his Article 311(1) and Bombay Police Act challenges, held adequacy of punishment was for the deciding authority with no breach of natural justice, and dismissed his writ petition, sustaining the removal.", "court_quote": "It cannot be said that the deciding authority had committed any breach of principles of natural justice when it decided that this was such a breach of discipline as would necessitate the punishment of removal, nor do we think that looking to the facts discussed hereinabove this is a case where we could be justified in interfering with order in the exercise of the high prerogative jurisdiction of this Court.", "court_quote_para": "26", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Constable's removal for hunger-strike indiscipline upheld; pure service-discipline matter, no civilian victim.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1964-08-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "AIR 1965 Guj 283", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/447651/hariprasad-raghuram-dave-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-others/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1844128/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-110" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-46-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1965-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0798", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Navrangpura Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": null, "citation": "(1965)6 GLR 958", "judges": [ "Akbar S. Sarela" ], "judgment_date": "1965-09-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1965, "incident_date": "1963-02-01", "incident_year": 1963, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "IPC 165A", "PC Act 1947 s.5(1)(d)", "PC Act 1947 s.5(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Navrangpura Police Station, Ahmedabad", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Navrangpura Police Station, Ahmedabad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Writer Constable", "unit": "Navrangpura Police Station, Ahmedabad", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Writer Constable, Navrangpura Police Station, Ahmedabad" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Ahmedabad resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 2.5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1007220/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/603762/" ], "summary": "PSI and his writer constable of Navrangpura Police Station were convicted by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad in a February 1963 anti-corruption trap case for demanding and accepting a bribe, and sentenced to 2.5 years rigorous imprisonment and Rs.1,000 fine each. The High Court rejected their pleas on sanction, Bombay Police Act protection, and the credibility of trap witnesses, holding demand and acceptance proved. The court dismissed the appeals, holding the sentences adequate rather than harsh, and directed surrender to bail. The incident month (February 1963) is as stated in the judgment; HC appeal number is not stated in the available text.", "summary_verified": "PSI and his writer constable of Navrangpura Police Station were convicted by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad in a February 1963 anti-corruption trap case for demanding and accepting a bribe, and sentenced to 2.5 years rigorous imprisonment and Rs.1,000 fine each. The High Court rejected their pleas on sanction, Bombay Police Act protection, and the credibility of trap witnesses, holding demand and acceptance proved. The court dismissed the appeals, holding the sentences adequate rather than harsh, and directed surrender to bail. The incident month (February 1963) is as stated in the judgment; HC appeal number is not stated in the available text.", "court_quote": "If Police officers who are expected to enforce the laws of the land themselves commit breaches of those laws and in addition take bribes for commission of those breaches they must be adequately punished.", "court_quote_para": "35", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC confirmed bribe-trap convictions and 2.5-year sentences of Navrangpura PSI and writer constable; affirmed by SC (AIR 1968 SC 1323).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(1965)6 GLR 958", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1965-09-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(1965)6 GLR 958", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1007220/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/603762/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-61" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-21-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1976-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0440", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Police Head Constable (Jamadar) v. State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Police Head Constable (Jamadar) v. State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Surendranagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Zinzuwada", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Zinzuwada", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Police Head Constable (Jamadar) v. State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 250 of 1971", "citation": "(1976) 3 SCC 46; AIR 1976 SC 1497", "judges": [ "R. S. Sarkaria", "P. N. Shingal" ], "judgment_date": "1976-04-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1976, "incident_date": "1968-07-11", "incident_year": 1968, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1947 s.5(2) r/w s.5(1)(d)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (Jamadar)", "unit": "Police Station Zinzuwada, Gujarat Police", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.04, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (Jamadar), Police Station Zinzuwada, Gujarat Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Zinzuwada man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 2, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1464524/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed Head Constable's appeal, upholding his conviction by the Gujarat High Court under Section 161 IPC and Section 5(2) read with Section 5(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1947, after the trial court had acquitted both accused. The Court accepted that a Zinzuwada man, produced at the police station on 11 July 1968 in an abduction-matter investigation, was threatened with handcuffing, lock-up and parading unless he paid, and that an anthracene-powder trap caught the appellant accepting Rs. 500 the next evening. It upheld the statutory presumption under Section 4(1) of the 1947 Act and rejected the objection under Section 537 CrPC 1898 to conviction under Section 161 simpliciter. The sentence of two years' rigorous imprisonment stands, with no separate sentence under Section 161, and the co-accused-Inspector's acquittal was left undisturbed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed Head Constable's appeal, upholding his conviction by the Gujarat High Court under Section 161 IPC and Section 5(2) read with Section 5(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1947, after the trial court had acquitted both accused. The Court accepted that a Zinzuwada man, produced at the police station on 11 July 1968 in an abduction-matter investigation, was threatened with handcuffing, lock-up and parading unless he paid, and that an anthracene-powder trap caught the appellant accepting Rs. 500 the next evening. It upheld the statutory presumption under Section 4(1) of the 1947 Act and rejected the objection under Section 537 CrPC 1898 to conviction under Section 161 simpliciter. The sentence of two years' rigorous imprisonment stands, with no separate sentence under Section 161, and the co-accused-Inspector's acquittal was left undisturbed.", "court_quote": "For the foregoing reasons, the appeal fails and is dismissed.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified on Indian Kanoon; head constable's ss.161/5(2) conviction (via HC reversal) upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(1976) 3 SCC 46; AIR 1976 SC 1497", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1976-04-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(1976) 3 SCC 46; AIR 1976 SC 1497", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1464524/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-38" ], "merged_case_id": "SWBRIBER-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1991-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0132", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nadiad Police Police Inspector vs State of Gujarat and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Nadiad Police Police Inspector vs State of Gujarat and Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Kheda", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nadiad", "police_station_or_unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Nadiad Police Police Inspector vs State of Gujarat and Ors.", "case_number": "Writ Petition (Crl.) No. 517 of 1989", "citation": "(1991) 4 SCC 406; AIR 1991 SC 2176", "judges": [ "K. N. Singh", "Kuldip Singh", "N. M. Kasliwal" ], "judgment_date": "1991-09-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1991, "incident_date": "1989-09-25", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_sc", "sections": [ "Contempt of Courts Act 1971", "Constitution of India Art 129" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Nadiad Police Station, Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Nadiad Police Station, Kheda" }, { "name": null, "rank": "District Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "District Superintendent of Police, Kheda" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Nadiad man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1496509/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court held five Gujarat police personnel guilty of criminal contempt for the night of 25/26 September 1989 attack on Nadiad Chief Judicial Magistrate a Nadiad man, who was lured to the police station, forced to consume liquor, beaten, handcuffed and tied with a thick rope, paraded to hospital and photographed, then falsely booked under the prohibition law. The Court accepted its Commissioner Justice R. M. Sahai's finding that the police version was cooked up, calling the episode an onslaught on the judiciary itself. It sentenced Inspector to six months' simple imprisonment, Sub-Inspector to five months, the head constable and constable to two months each, and DSP to one month, with fines, and directed the State to pursue disciplinary proceedings. The Court also laid down guidelines for the arrest of judicial officers. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court held five Gujarat police personnel guilty of criminal contempt for the night of 25/26 September 1989 attack on Nadiad Chief Judicial Magistrate a Nadiad man, who was lured to the police station, forced to consume liquor, beaten, handcuffed and tied with a thick rope, paraded to hospital and photographed, then falsely booked under the prohibition law. The Court accepted its Commissioner Justice R. M. Sahai's finding that the police version was cooked up, calling the episode an onslaught on the judiciary itself. It sentenced Inspector to six months' simple imprisonment, Sub-Inspector to five months, the head constable and constable to two months each, and DSP to one month, with fines, and directed the State to pursue disciplinary proceedings. The Court also laid down guidelines for the arrest of judicial officers.", "court_quote": "Sharma, Police Inspector who was the main actor in the entire incident and who had planned the entire episode with a view to humiliate the CJM in the public eye is the main culprit, therefore, he deserves maximum punishment.", "court_quote_para": "52-53", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified: 5 police personnel convicted of criminal contempt for assault/humiliation of Nadiad CJM; 1-6 months SI + fines.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1991-09-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(1991) 4 SCC 406; AIR 1991 SC 2176", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1496509/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "SWOTHERM-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1993-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0797", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Unarmed Head Constable vs State of Gujarat and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Unarmed Head Constable vs State of Gujarat and Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Unarmed Head Constable vs State of Gujarat and Anr.", "case_number": null, "citation": "(1993)1 GLR 816", "judges": [ "C. K. Thakker" ], "judgment_date": "1993-01-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1993, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 331", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Head Constable", "unit": "Ahmedabad (Rural) police", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Head Constable, Ahmedabad (Rural) police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": null, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1934677/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The petitioner, an Unarmed Head Constable, was convicted with three others in Sessions Case No. 187 of 1980 under Section 331 read with Section 34 IPC for custodial torture inflicted to extract a clue to stolen property, and sentenced to 3 years rigorous imprisonment and a fine. The court recorded that the conviction was confirmed by the High Court and the Supreme Court, after which the District Superintendent of Police, Ahmedabad (Rural) dismissed him from service in 1984. The High Court held the DSP was the competent authority, the show-cause process was valid, and dismissal for such serious misconduct warranted no interference under Articles 226/227. The writ petition was dismissed and the dismissal from service stands. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The petitioner, an Unarmed Head Constable, was convicted with three others in Sessions Case No. 187 of 1980 under Section 331 read with Section 34 IPC for custodial torture inflicted to extract a clue to stolen property, and sentenced to 3 years rigorous imprisonment and a fine. The court recorded that the conviction was confirmed by the High Court and the Supreme Court, after which the District Superintendent of Police, Ahmedabad (Rural) dismissed him from service in 1984. The High Court held the DSP was the competent authority, the show-cause process was valid, and dismissal for such serious misconduct warranted no interference under Articles 226/227. The writ petition was dismissed and the dismissal from service stands.", "court_quote": "Looking to the facts on the record, it clearly appears that for extracting confession a person was brutally beaten by the petitioner and other officers of the Police force.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC upheld dismissal of head constable convicted under IPC 331/34 for custodial torture; conviction affirmed up to Supreme Court.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1993-01-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(1993)1 GLR 816", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1934677/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-61" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-21-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1996-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0143", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Gujarat vs Vadodara Police Police Sub-Inspector", "display_title_redacted": "State of Gujarat vs Vadodara Police Police Sub-Inspector", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": "Baroda", "city_town": "Vadodara", "police_station_or_unit": "Sayajiganj Police Station (Cycle Squad)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Gujarat vs Vadodara Police Police Sub-Inspector", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 881 of 1984", "citation": "1997 (1) GLR 229", "judges": [ "R. K. Abichandani", "R. R. Jain" ], "judgment_date": "1996-09-25", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1996, "incident_date": "1980-02-18", "incident_year": 1980, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 330", "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Cycle Squad, Sayajiganj Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Cycle Squad, Sayajiganj Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vadodara man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": 10000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/103927043/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.the-laws.com/encyclopedia/browse/case?caseId=206991084000&title=state-of-gujarat-vs-gopalrao-bavrao-mohite" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court partly allowed the State acquittal appeal against the 31 March 1984 judgment of the Additional Sessions Judge, Baroda, and convicted PSI for the custodial death of cycle repairer a Vadodara man The Court found a Vadodara man was handed by PSI to [name withheld], in charge of the Cycle Squad at Sayajiganj police station, on 18 February 1980 and sustained 15 custodial injuries overnight including a fatal head injury with internal haemorrhage. It rejected the defence denial and held [name withheld] guilt proved beyond doubt, sentencing him to 3 years RI on each count concurrently plus Rs 10,000 fine payable to the widow. The acquittal of accused 2 to 6 was confirmed and the appeal abated against accused 7.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court partly allowed the State acquittal appeal against the 31 March 1984 judgment of the Additional Sessions Judge, Baroda, and convicted PSI for the custodial death of cycle repairer a Vadodara man The Court found a Vadodara man was handed by PSI to [name withheld], in charge of the Cycle Squad at Sayajiganj police station, on 18 February 1980 and sustained 15 custodial injuries overnight including a fatal head injury with internal haemorrhage. It rejected the defence denial and held [name withheld] guilt proved beyond doubt, sentencing him to 3 years RI on each count concurrently plus Rs 10,000 fine payable to the widow. The acquittal of accused 2 to 6 was confirmed and the appeal abated against accused 7.", "court_quote": "Death in Police custody is required to be seriously viewed and must be curbed with a heavy hand.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC acquittal-appeal judgment verified; PSI convicted, 3 years RI plus fine to widow.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1996-09-25", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "1997 (1) GLR 229", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/103927043/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/encyclopedia/browse/case?caseId=206991084000&title=state-of-gujarat-vs-gopalrao-bavrao-mohite", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-37" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-014", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1997-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0756", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Lunavada Man v. State of Gujarat and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Lunavada Man v. State of Gujarat and Others", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Panchmahal", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Lunavada", "police_station_or_unit": "LCB, Godhra; SDPO Lunavada", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Lunavada Man v. State of Gujarat and Others", "case_number": "Special Criminal Application (Art. 226)", "citation": "1998 ACJ 97; (1997) 2 GLR 1045", "judges": [ "N. N. Mathur" ], "judgment_date": "1997-02-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1997, "incident_date": "1995-11-01", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "PSI", "unit": "LCB, Godhra", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "PSI, LCB, Godhra" }, { "name": null, "rank": "SDPO", "unit": "Lunavada", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "SDPO, Lunavada" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "LCB, Godhra", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, LCB, Godhra" }, { "name": null, "rank": "DSP", "unit": "Godhra", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "DSP, Godhra" }, { "name": null, "rank": "ASP", "unit": "Dahod", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "ASP, Dahod" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 29, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Lunavada man, age 29" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/168768/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Single Judge held that a Lunavada man, a 29-year-old Assistant Intelligence Officer summoned around 1 am on 1-11-1995 by LCB Godhra staff, kept overnight at the Lunavada guest house and humiliated by senior officers before being found dead the next morning, was subjected to mental and psychological torture. Even on the police version of suicide, the court held he was insulted and humiliated for no cause and deprecated the indolent attitude of the ASP Dahod and DSP. It declined to transfer the investigation to the CBI but awarded Rs 2 lakh interim compensation to the widow, adjustable against any future decree, to be deposited with the Registrar and invested for three years, with Rs 5,000 costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Single Judge held that a Lunavada man, a 29-year-old Assistant Intelligence Officer summoned around 1 am on 1-11-1995 by LCB Godhra staff, kept overnight at the Lunavada guest house and humiliated by senior officers before being found dead the next morning, was subjected to mental and psychological torture. Even on the police version of suicide, the court held he was insulted and humiliated for no cause and deprecated the indolent attitude of the ASP Dahod and DSP. It declined to transfer the investigation to the CBI but awarded Rs 2 lakh interim compensation to the widow, adjustable against any future decree, to be deposited with the Registrar and invested for three years, with Rs 5,000 costs.", "court_quote": "such sort of arrogant behaviour of the police officers definitely leads to mental and psychological torture.", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Mental/psychological torture finding + Rs 2L interim compensation verified; CBI-transfer prayer declined as reported.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1997-02-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1998 ACJ 97; (1997) 2 GLR 1045", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/168768/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-r02" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1997-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0146", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Jagruti vs [name withheld] (P.I.) and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Jagruti vs [name withheld] (P.I.) and Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vadodara", "police_station_or_unit": "Gorva Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Jagruti vs [name withheld] (P.I.) and Ors.", "case_number": "Special Criminal Application No. 480 of 1997", "citation": "1998 CriLJ 3251", "judges": [ "N. N. Mathur" ], "judgment_date": "1997-05-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1997, "incident_date": "1996-12-05", "incident_year": 1996, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC", "PC Act 1988" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Gorva Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.9, "jev_p_culpable": 0.19, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Gorva Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vadodara man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/766547/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court held it prima facie established that a Vadodara man, a Hubli businessman and known heart patient arrested in the Alembic Chemicals cheating case, was tortured in police custody at Gorva, Vadodara, and that his death on 5 December 1996 was traceable to police acts and omissions. The Court relied on photographs showing injuries on his soles, back and body corroborated by ante-mortem post-mortem injuries, and found no medical care was given despite knowledge of his ailment. It rejected the attribution of death to cardiac arrest from mental tension without examining custodial violence. Holding the facts disclosed a cognizable offence including a possible corruption angle, the Court ordered registration and investigation plus Rs 3 lakh interim compensation to the widow and Rs 15,000 costs. The court held the death prima facie traceable to the police and ordered FIR registration and investigation with Rs 3 lakh interim State compensation; the personal liability of Police Inspector of Gorva Police Station was expressly left open. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court held it prima facie established that a Vadodara man, a Hubli businessman and known heart patient arrested in the Alembic Chemicals cheating case, was tortured in police custody at Gorva, Vadodara, and that his death on 5 December 1996 was traceable to police acts and omissions. The Court relied on photographs showing injuries on his soles, back and body corroborated by ante-mortem post-mortem injuries, and found no medical care was given despite knowledge of his ailment. It rejected the attribution of death to cardiac arrest from mental tension without examining custodial violence. Holding the facts disclosed a cognizable offence including a possible corruption angle, the Court ordered registration and investigation plus Rs 3 lakh interim compensation to the widow and Rs 15,000 costs.", "court_quote": "A just look at the photographs speaks in volume how the deceased was tortured while he was in police custody.", "court_quote_para": "3", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC judgment verified; custodial torture and death traced to police, Rs 3 lakh interim compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1997-05-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1998 CriLJ 3251", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/766547/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-37" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-017", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1997-0019", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1198", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Jamnagar Man vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Jamnagar Man vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Jamnagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Jamnagar", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Jamnagar Man vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "case_number": null, "citation": "(1998) 1 GLR 61", "judges": [ "N. N. Mathur" ], "judgment_date": "1997-10-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1997, "incident_date": "1992-01-08", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 323", "CrPC 154", "CrPC 155", "CrPC 156", "CrPC 157", "CrPC 174" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "District Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Jamnagar police", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "District Superintendent of Police, Jamnagar police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Jamnagar man" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Jamnagar resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Jamnagar resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 3, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/243728/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. On 8-1-1992, Jamnagar police picked up petty trader [name withheld] with a Jamnagar resident and a Jamnagar resident for interrogation, and DSP called all three into his chamber at about 9 p.m. and beat them with a big stick, a Jamnagar man severely on the chest, stomach and other parts of the body; a Jamnagar man died on the way to hospital. The post-mortem disclosed ante-mortem injuries and a DGP (Crime) inquiry found the custodial-torture allegation true, though the panel attributed death to cardiac arrest. The Gujarat High Court held the death was prima facie traceable to custodial torture in gross violation of Article 21, awarded Rs.1.5 lakh interim compensation to the widow, ordered the dropped departmental enquiry against the DSP to proceed, and directed the police to complete investigation and file a report within two months. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 8-1-1992, Jamnagar police picked up petty trader [name withheld] with a Jamnagar resident and a Jamnagar resident for interrogation, and DSP called all three into his chamber at about 9 p.m. and beat them with a big stick, a Jamnagar man severely on the chest, stomach and other parts of the body; a Jamnagar man died on the way to hospital. The post-mortem disclosed ante-mortem injuries and a DGP (Crime) inquiry found the custodial-torture allegation true, though the panel attributed death to cardiac arrest. The Gujarat High Court held the death was prima facie traceable to custodial torture in gross violation of Article 21, awarded Rs.1.5 lakh interim compensation to the widow, ordered the dropped departmental enquiry against the DSP to proceed, and directed the police to complete investigation and file a report within two months.", "court_quote": "As we have found that prima facie, the death of a Jamnagar man is traceable to the custodial torture, it would be just and proper to award suitable compensation as interim measure to Smt. Ushaben Punjani, widow of the deceased [name withheld].", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Custodial death prima facie traced to DSP's beating; Rs.1.5L interim compensation with probe directions.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1997-10-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(1998) 1 GLR 61", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/243728/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-110" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-46-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1998-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0154", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Dadva Woman vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Dadva Woman vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Bhavnagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Dadva", "police_station_or_unit": "Umrala Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Dadva Woman vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": null, "citation": "(1998) 1 GLR 613", "judges": [ "K. G. Balakrishnan", "M. S. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "1998-02-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1998, "incident_date": "1997-07-12", "incident_year": 1997, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 14", "Constitution Art. 19", "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Umrala, Bhavnagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.69, "jev_p_culpable": 0.3, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Umrala, Bhavnagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Lady Constable", "unit": "Umrala, Bhavnagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.56, "jev_p_culpable": 0.2, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Lady Constable, Umrala, Bhavnagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Botad", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.93, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, Botad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Circle Police Inspector", "unit": "Botad", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Circle Police Inspector, Botad" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Dadva woman" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Dadva man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 20000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1065600/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "On a PIL by Lok Adhikar Sangh, a Division Bench of the Gujarat High Court held the night arrest, handcuffing, parading and delayed production of Dadva Sarpanch the survivor, then pregnant, and her husband [name withheld] unjustified and violative of Article 21 and the Supreme Court arrest and handcuffing directives. The Court found the couple were arrested between midnight and 1 a.m. on 12/13 July 1997, tied with ropes and paraded in the village with chappals and slates around their necks before a crowd, corroborated by 22 villagers. It directed the State to pay Rs 10,000 each to the couple as exemplary compensation under Article 226 within one month, recoverable from the concerned police officials. The involved officers were ordered kept out of the district during inquiry, PSI being already under suspension. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On a PIL by Lok Adhikar Sangh, a Division Bench of the Gujarat High Court held the night arrest, handcuffing, parading and delayed production of Dadva Sarpanch the survivor, then pregnant, and her husband [name withheld] unjustified and violative of Article 21 and the Supreme Court arrest and handcuffing directives. The Court found the couple were arrested between midnight and 1 a.m. on 12/13 July 1997, tied with ropes and paraded in the village with chappals and slates around their necks before a crowd, corroborated by 22 villagers. It directed the State to pay Rs 10,000 each to the couple as exemplary compensation under Article 226 within one month, recoverable from the concerned police officials. The involved officers were ordered kept out of the district during inquiry, PSI being already under suspension.", "court_quote": "We have, therefore, no hesitation in coming to the conclusion that not only the arrest of [the survivor] during night hours between July 12 and 13, 1997 was absolutely unjustified but was unconstitutional and violative of her fundaments rights under Article 21 of the Constitution and so also the handcuffing of [the survivor]'s husband in the evening of July 13, 1997 was also absolutely unjustified, illegal and unconstitutional and violative of his fundamental rights under Article 21 of the Constitution.", "court_quote_para": "21", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC Division Bench judgment verified; night arrest/parading held Article 21 violation, compensation ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1998-02-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 20,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(1998) 1 GLR 613", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1065600/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-37" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1998-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1200", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Government of Gujarat vs Ahmedabad Police Unarmed Police Constable", "display_title_redacted": "Government of Gujarat vs Ahmedabad Police Unarmed Police Constable", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Office of the Police Commissioner, Ahmedabad (Traffic Branch)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Government of Gujarat vs Ahmedabad Police Unarmed Police Constable", "case_number": "First Appeal No. 1075 of 1988", "citation": "(1999) 1 GLR 881", "judges": [ "S. K. Keshote" ], "judgment_date": "1998-08-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1998, "incident_date": "1983-01-01", "incident_year": 1983, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "GCSR (Conduct) Rules 1971 r.3", "GCSR (Conduct) Rules 1971 r.3(1)", "GCSR (Conduct) Rules 1971 r.26", "Constitution of India Art.309" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Police Constable", "unit": "Office of the Police Commissioner, Ahmedabad (Traffic Branch)", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Police Constable, Office of the Police Commissioner, Ahmedabad (Traffic Branch)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/451462/government-of-gujarat-vs-shivabhai-s-makwana/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/879/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Unarmed Police Constable of the Ahmedabad Traffic Branch was dismissed after a departmental inquiry proved the second charge of conduct unbecoming a government servant in keeping a mistress, following an earlier penalty of withheld increments for abusive language under the influence of liquor. The City Civil Court decreed his suit, declared the dismissal illegal, and ordered reinstatement with full benefits. On the State's appeal, the Gujarat High Court held police personnel guilty of such character and conduct must be taken more seriously, set aside the decree, dismissed the suit, and thereby restored the dismissal.", "summary_verified": "Unarmed Police Constable of the Ahmedabad Traffic Branch was dismissed after a departmental inquiry proved the second charge of conduct unbecoming a government servant in keeping a mistress, following an earlier penalty of withheld increments for abusive language under the influence of liquor. The City Civil Court decreed his suit, declared the dismissal illegal, and ordered reinstatement with full benefits. On the State's appeal, the Gujarat High Court held police personnel guilty of such character and conduct must be taken more seriously, set aside the decree, dismissed the suit, and thereby restored the dismissal.", "court_quote": "The employees in the police department are under obligation for enforcement of law and order in the country and in case they themselves have come up with such character and conduct it has to be taken more seriously.", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Constable's dismissal for unbecoming conduct restored on State appeal; pure service-discipline matter.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1998-08-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(1999) 1 GLR 881", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/451462/government-of-gujarat-vs-shivabhai-s-makwana/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/879/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-110" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-46-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1998-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0136", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Gujarat vs Himatnagar Man and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "State of Gujarat vs Himatnagar Man and Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Sabarkantha", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Himatnagar (Raigadh Outpost)", "police_station_or_unit": "Raigadh Outpost, Himatnagar", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Gujarat vs Himatnagar Man and Anr.", "case_number": "First Appeal against judgment dated 03.09.1982 in Special Civil Suit No. 33 of 1979, Civil Judge (S.D.), Himatnagar", "citation": "II(2001)ACC 426", "judges": [ "R. K. Abichandani" ], "judgment_date": "1998-12-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1998, "incident_date": "1976-04-22", "incident_year": 1976, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory_display": "disproportionate force", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 326" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Raigadh Outpost, Himatnagar, Sabarkantha", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.32, "jev_p_culpable": 0.61, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Raigadh Outpost, Himatnagar, Sabarkantha" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Himatnagar man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 198000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/503689/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/455032/state-of-gujarat-vs-govindbhai-jakhubhai-and-another/" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the State's appeal and upheld Rs 1,98,000 with 6% interest awarded to contractor [name withheld], whose right leg was amputated above the knee after on-duty Raigadh Outpost constable shot him in the thigh with his service rifle on 22 April 1976 for protesting the manhandling of his truck driver. The Court held the firing illegal, wrongful and unauthorised, committed during the course of employment, rendering the State vicariously liable and violating the victim's Article 21 right to life. It recorded that the constable had been tried under Section 307 IPC and convicted by the High Court under Section 326 IPC with six months' RI in Criminal Appeal No. 59 of 1978, a sentence he admitted in evidence to having undergone. (Re-normalised from the 1980 conviction entry to this verified 1998 compensation judgment.). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the State's appeal and upheld Rs 1,98,000 with 6% interest awarded to contractor [name withheld], whose right leg was amputated above the knee after on-duty Raigadh Outpost constable shot him in the thigh with his service rifle on 22 April 1976 for protesting the manhandling of his truck driver. The Court held the firing illegal, wrongful and unauthorised, committed during the course of employment, rendering the State vicariously liable and violating the victim's Article 21 right to life. It recorded that the constable had been tried under Section 307 IPC and convicted by the High Court under Section 326 IPC with six months' RI in Criminal Appeal No. 59 of 1978, a sentence he admitted in evidence to having undergone. (Re-normalised from the 1980 conviction entry to this verified 1998 compensation judgment.)", "court_quote": "The facts which are established in the case clearly show that the respondent No. 2, during the course of his employment as a Constable, had on 22-4-1976, when the respondent No. 1 had come to the Police Outpost, wrongfully and without any justification whatsoever, wounded him by a gunshot which resulted in amputation of his right leg.", "court_quote_para": "17", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Re-normalised to verified 1998 HC judgment upholding Rs 1.98 lakh compensation; 1980 Sec 326 conviction recital confirmed within it.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1998-12-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 198,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "II(2001)ACC 426", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/503689/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/455032/state-of-gujarat-vs-govindbhai-jakhubhai-and-another/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2000-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0144", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "H. N. Rao vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "H. N. Rao vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Kheda", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nadiad", "police_station_or_unit": "Nadiad ACB Police Station (case registered 1993)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "H. N. Rao vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 1912 of 2000", "citation": null, "judges": [ "R. M. Doshit" ], "judgment_date": "2000-07-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2000, "incident_date": "1993-01-01", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.12", "PC Act 1988 s.13" ], "officers": [ { "name": "H. N. Rao", "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Gujarat Police (tried at Nadiad)", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear(overruled by grok)", "key2_openrouter:no(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.07, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "H. N. Rao", "display": "H. N. Rao (Police Sub-Inspector)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1925276/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/438199/h-n-rao-vs-state-of-gujarat/" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed former PSI H. N. Rao challenge to his dismissal from service following his 5 May 1998 conviction by the Additional Sessions Judge, Nadiad, in Special Case 7 of 1994 under Section 161 IPC (1 year RI plus Rs 1,000 fine) and the Prevention of Corruption Act 1988 (2 years RI plus Rs 2,000 fine). The petitioner contended dismissal during the pendency of his criminal appeal without hearing or GPSC consultation was illegal. The Court held, following the Full Bench in P. D. Waghela and the Supreme Court in Tulsiram Patel, that a trial-court conviction sustains dismissal under the second proviso to Article 311(2) despite a pending appeal with no hearing or GPSC consultation required. It found the dismissal wholly justified and discharged the notice. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed former PSI H. N. Rao challenge to his dismissal from service following his 5 May 1998 conviction by the Additional Sessions Judge, Nadiad, in Special Case 7 of 1994 under Section 161 IPC (1 year RI plus Rs 1,000 fine) and the Prevention of Corruption Act 1988 (2 years RI plus Rs 2,000 fine). The petitioner contended dismissal during the pendency of his criminal appeal without hearing or GPSC consultation was illegal. The Court held, following the Full Bench in P. D. Waghela and the Supreme Court in Tulsiram Patel, that a trial-court conviction sustains dismissal under the second proviso to Article 311(2) despite a pending appeal with no hearing or GPSC consultation required. It found the dismissal wholly justified and discharged the notice.", "court_quote": "In view of the conviction of the petitioner and the sentence imposed upon him, the impugned order dismissing the petitioner from service is wholly justified.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC judgment verified; dismissal on trial-court conviction upheld despite pending appeal.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2000-07-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Special Civil Application No. 1912 of 2000", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1925276/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/438199/h-n-rao-vs-state-of-gujarat/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-37" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-015", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2000-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0679", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Gujarat vs Purnimaben wd/o Vinodbhai Himatbhai Kapasi and Others", "display_title_redacted": "State of Gujarat vs Purnimaben wd/o Vinodbhai Himatbhai Kapasi and Others", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Navrangpura Police Station, Ahmedabad", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Gujarat vs Purnimaben wd/o Vinodbhai Himatbhai Kapasi and Others", "case_number": "First Appeal under Section 96 CPC against Civil Suit No.5051 of 1986, City Civil Court, Ahmedabad", "citation": null, "judges": [ "J. N. Bhatt" ], "judgment_date": "2000-08-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2000, "incident_date": "1985-07-24", "incident_year": 1985, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory_display": "disproportionate force", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Navrangpura Police Station, Ahmedabad", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Navrangpura Police Station, Ahmedabad" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 38, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ahmedabad man, age 38" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 435000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1514030/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. On 24 July 1985 at about 6 p.m., PSI shot dead an Ahmedabad man, a 38-year-old tax practitioner, near Nava Darwaja, Ahmedabad. The family sued the State and the PSI for Rs.5 lakh, alleging unauthorised, negligent firing; the City Civil Court decreed Rs.4,35,000 with 10% interest in 1999, holding the deceased a victim of the PSI's negligent and tortious act. The State appealed, claiming the death was caused by private firing during communal riots. The High Court held the firing was without permission and authority, that no mob or curfew was proved, and that the deceased was shot dead without reason by the negligent, reckless and unauthorised act; it dismissed the appeal with costs, confirmed the decree, and directed deposit of the decretal dues within six months.", "summary_verified": "On 24 July 1985 at about 6 p.m., PSI shot dead an Ahmedabad man, a 38-year-old tax practitioner, near Nava Darwaja, Ahmedabad. The family sued the State and the PSI for Rs.5 lakh, alleging unauthorised, negligent firing; the City Civil Court decreed Rs.4,35,000 with 10% interest in 1999, holding the deceased a victim of the PSI's negligent and tortious act. The State appealed, claiming the death was caused by private firing during communal riots. The High Court held the firing was without permission and authority, that no mob or curfew was proved, and that the deceased was shot dead without reason by the negligent, reckless and unauthorised act; it dismissed the appeal with costs, confirmed the decree, and directed deposit of the decretal dues within six months.", "court_quote": "In the result, the appeal shall stand dismissed with costs. Obviously, the impugned judgment and decree passed by the Trial Court is hereby confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "58", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC confirmed Rs.4,35,000 decree for fatal unauthorised police shooting; State appeal dismissed with costs.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2000-08-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 435,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "First Appeal under Section 96 CPC against Civil Suit No.5051 of 1986, City Civil Court, Ahmedabad", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1514030/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-51" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP9-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2002-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1202", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] vs P.K. Menon or his Successor-in-Office", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] vs P.K. Menon or his Successor-in-Office", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Gandhinagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Gandhinagar", "police_station_or_unit": "Group Centre, CRPF, Gandhinagar", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] vs P.K. Menon or his Successor-in-Office", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 6711 of 1989", "citation": "(2002)2GLR1126", "judges": [ "Sharad D. Dave" ], "judgment_date": "2002-01-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2002, "incident_date": "1988-04-04", "incident_year": 1988, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "CRPF Act s.10(m)", "CRPF Act s.10(n)", "CRPF Act s.12(1)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Group Centre, CRPF, Gandhinagar", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Group Centre, CRPF, Gandhinagar" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "central_armed", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1798477/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/452162/jivan-ganpati-appellant-hash-pk-menon-or-his-successor-in-office-respondent/" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (Sharad D. Dave, J.) on 15 January 2002 rejected the writ petition of CRPF Constable and confirmed his dismissal from service ordered on 20 April 1988. He had pleaded guilty before the Assistant Commandant-cum-Judicial Magistrate to absence without leave in April 1988 and refusal to accept a suspension order, was convicted under Sections 10(m)/(n) of the CRPF Act and sentenced to 7 days rigorous imprisonment, then dismissed under Section 12(1). The court held no separate departmental inquiry was required where dismissal follows conviction, termed refusal of the suspension order grave misconduct, and declined to treat dismissal as disproportionate given armed-force discipline. No civilian victim is involved; this is an internal-indiscipline dismissal upheld on judicial review. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (Sharad D. Dave, J.) on 15 January 2002 rejected the writ petition of CRPF Constable and confirmed his dismissal from service ordered on 20 April 1988. He had pleaded guilty before the Assistant Commandant-cum-Judicial Magistrate to absence without leave in April 1988 and refusal to accept a suspension order, was convicted under Sections 10(m)/(n) of the CRPF Act and sentenced to 7 days rigorous imprisonment, then dismissed under Section 12(1). The court held no separate departmental inquiry was required where dismissal follows conviction, termed refusal of the suspension order grave misconduct, and declined to treat dismissal as disproportionate given armed-force discipline. No civilian victim is involved; this is an internal-indiscipline dismissal upheld on judicial review.", "court_quote": "If the appellant was not keeping good health, he should have taken sick leave and should remain in the hospital. Later on, by not accepting the suspension order, he has committed grave misconduct.", "court_quote_para": "17", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "CRPF dismissal for absence/refusal of suspension order upheld; internal indiscipline, no civilian victim.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2002-01-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2002)2GLR1126", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1798477/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/452162/jivan-ganpati-appellant-hash-pk-menon-or-his-successor-in-office-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-111" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-47-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2004-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1203", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "District Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "District Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Valsad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vansda", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "District Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 3365 of 1998", "citation": "[2005(104)FLR215]", "judges": [ "R.M. Doshit" ], "judgment_date": "2004-08-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2004, "incident_date": "1988-01-01", "incident_year": 1988, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Bombay Civil Services Rules R.189A" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "District Police, Valsad", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, District Police, Valsad" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/260980/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/createfile/745043/tp:pd" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (R.M. Doshit, J.) on 5 August 2004 dismissed with costs the writ petition of retired Head Constable and upheld the State Government order deducting Rs. 589.50 per month from his pension for ten years. Disciplinary proceedings begun in 1993 over 1988 misconduct amounting to lack of integrity in the investigation of M. Case No. 6 of 1987 (Vansda) had continued after his 1995 retirement under Rule 189A of the Bombay Civil Services Rules. The court rejected challenges based on competence, delay, denied documents and want of personal hearing, holding lack of integrity proved and the deduction not unconscionably disproportionate. No civilian victim is identified; the penalty is a pension deduction rather than dismissal. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (R.M. Doshit, J.) on 5 August 2004 dismissed with costs the writ petition of retired Head Constable and upheld the State Government order deducting Rs. 589.50 per month from his pension for ten years. Disciplinary proceedings begun in 1993 over 1988 misconduct amounting to lack of integrity in the investigation of M. Case No. 6 of 1987 (Vansda) had continued after his 1995 retirement under Rule 189A of the Bombay Civil Services Rules. The court rejected challenges based on competence, delay, denied documents and want of personal hearing, holding lack of integrity proved and the deduction not unconscionably disproportionate. No civilian victim is identified; the penalty is a pension deduction rather than dismissal.", "court_quote": "In the present case, the guilt established against the petitioner reveals lack of integrity. The petitioner had also acted in a manner not befitting to a Police Officer.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Ten-year pension deduction for lack of integrity upheld; borderline-major disciplinary penalty, no dismissal.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2004-08-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "[2005(104)FLR215]", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/260980/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/createfile/745043/tp:pd", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-111" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-47-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2004-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0757", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Vadodara Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Vadodara Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vadodara", "police_station_or_unit": "City Police Station, Baroda (Vadodara)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Vadodara Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 11503 of 1994", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Akil Kureshi" ], "judgment_date": "2004-09-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2004, "incident_date": "1988-06-21", "incident_year": 1988, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Lock-up guard, City Police Station, Baroda", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Lock-up guard, City Police Station, Baroda" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/519548/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://archive.org/download/india.highcourt.judgement.gjhc240168491994/GJHC240168491994.pdf" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court upheld the removal from service of Police Constable, lock-up guard at Baroda City police station, who on 21.06.1988 single-handedly took detainee Nazirkhan Pathan to the toilet without informing the station officer, left the door unbolted and unguarded, and let the accused escape. The Court termed the conduct gross negligence and dereliction of duty shocking for a police officer, held the criminal acquittal on the distinct charge of deliberate facilitation did not conclude the disciplinary matter, and found removal commensurate given two prior proved serious misconducts. The petition was rejected and the Rule discharged. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court upheld the removal from service of Police Constable, lock-up guard at Baroda City police station, who on 21.06.1988 single-handedly took detainee Nazirkhan Pathan to the toilet without informing the station officer, left the door unbolted and unguarded, and let the accused escape. The Court termed the conduct gross negligence and dereliction of duty shocking for a police officer, held the criminal acquittal on the distinct charge of deliberate facilitation did not conclude the disciplinary matter, and found removal commensurate given two prior proved serious misconducts. The petition was rejected and the Rule discharged.", "court_quote": "In the present case, I find that the petitioner was held to have committed serious misconduct of gross negligence whereby a person who was accused in criminal case was allowed to escape from the Police lock-up. As a Police Constable this would be a very serious lapse on the part of the petitioner.", "court_quote_para": "6", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC rejected challenge and upheld removal of lock-up guard for gross negligence letting detainee escape.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2004-09-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Special Civil Application No. 11503 of 1994", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [], "followup_status": "never_checked", "last_checked": null, "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/519548/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://archive.org/download/india.highcourt.judgement.gjhc240168491994/GJHC240168491994.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2004-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1201", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Woman vs District Superintendent of Police", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Woman vs District Superintendent of Police", "state": "Gujarat", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Woman vs District Superintendent of Police", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 6520 of 1995", "citation": "(2005)2GLR1291", "judges": [ "Anant S. Dave" ], "judgment_date": "2004-12-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2004, "incident_date": "1985-10-12", "incident_year": 1985, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.27(C)", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "District Police, Gujarat Police", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, District Police, Gujarat Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gujarat woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/415984/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/748039/mulchandbhai-n-parmar-vs-district-superintendent" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (Anant S. Dave, J.) on 9 December 2004 rejected the Article 226 petition and confirmed the dismissal from service of subordinate police officer ordered on 31 May 1989 by the District Superintendent of Police. A departmental inquiry (conducted by the Deputy Superintendent of Police, Tharad Division) had held proved the charge that he brought a tribal woman to police quarter Room No. 59, 'C' Block, with ill-intention, framing it as moral turpitude and conduct unbecoming a member of the police force. The court held the charge conclusively proved on reliable evidence, found no illegality in the disciplinary, appellate and revisional orders, and refused to substitute a lesser punishment. The dismissal had already survived departmental appeal, revision to the Director General of Police and a second revision to the Home Department.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (Anant S. Dave, J.) on 9 December 2004 rejected the Article 226 petition and confirmed the dismissal from service of subordinate police officer ordered on 31 May 1989 by the District Superintendent of Police. A departmental inquiry (conducted by the Deputy Superintendent of Police, Tharad Division) had held proved the charge that he brought a tribal woman to police quarter Room No. 59, 'C' Block, with ill-intention, framing it as moral turpitude and conduct unbecoming a member of the police force. The court held the charge conclusively proved on reliable evidence, found no illegality in the disciplinary, appellate and revisional orders, and refused to substitute a lesser punishment. The dismissal had already survived departmental appeal, revision to the Director General of Police and a second revision to the Home Department.", "court_quote": "In the present case, as rightly submitted in paragraph 6 of the affidavit-in-reply filed by the District Superintendent of Police, respondent No. 1 herein, the misconduct, which has been proved in the departmental enquiry and upheld by the Disciplinary Authority, as well as the Appellate and the Revisional Authorities, reflected the nature of seriousness of the charge of unbecoming of a member of the police force, where the modesty of a tribal lady was at stake and she was brought to the police quarter with ill-intention by the petitioner and, therefore, this is not a fit case where the Court would like to show any leniency.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Dismissal for moral-turpitude misconduct upheld after full departmental hierarchy; writ rejected.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2004-12-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2005)2GLR1291", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/415984/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/748039/mulchandbhai-n-parmar-vs-district-superintendent", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-111" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-47-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2005-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0799", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Bhadaran Police Writer Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Bhadaran Police Writer Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Anand", "district_at_time": "Kheda", "city_town": "Bhadaran", "police_station_or_unit": "Bhadaran Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bhadaran Police Writer Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 53 of 1999", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Akshay H. Mehta" ], "judgment_date": "2005-09-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2005, "incident_date": "1993-07-06", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304A", "IPC 285" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Writer Constable", "unit": "Bhadaran Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Writer Constable, Bhadaran Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Bhadaran resident" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Bhadaran resident" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Bhadaran resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 3, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/153732/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/456609/ramanbhai-somabhai-kharadi-appellant-hash-state-of-gujarat-respondent/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Writer Constable of Bhadaran Police Station was deployed to keep a crowd away from a spilled inflammable naphtha tanker on 6-7-1993; the prosecution proved he threw a burning matchstick, igniting the spill and killing three bystanders while injuring several others. The trial court convicted him under Sections 304 Part-II, 324, 435 and 285 IPC. The High Court held the deaths resulted solely from his rash and negligent act but without the intention or knowledge for culpable homicide or hurt, altering the conviction to Section 304A with 1 year simple imprisonment and fine while retaining the Section 285 conviction. The appeal was partly allowed with two months granted to surrender; Bhadaran was in Kheda district at the time and is now in Anand district.", "summary_verified": "Writer Constable of Bhadaran Police Station was deployed to keep a crowd away from a spilled inflammable naphtha tanker on 6-7-1993; the prosecution proved he threw a burning matchstick, igniting the spill and killing three bystanders while injuring several others. The trial court convicted him under Sections 304 Part-II, 324, 435 and 285 IPC. The High Court held the deaths resulted solely from his rash and negligent act but without the intention or knowledge for culpable homicide or hurt, altering the conviction to Section 304A with 1 year simple imprisonment and fine while retaining the Section 285 conviction. The appeal was partly allowed with two months granted to surrender; Bhadaran was in Kheda district at the time and is now in Anand district.", "court_quote": "It is the negligent and/or rash act of the appellant which has directly caused extensive fire resulting into the injuries to various persons, three persons out of these, succumbed to their injuries. This is criminal negligence and rashness on the part of the appellant.", "court_quote_para": "4", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC retained criminal conviction of on-duty writer constable in reduced form (304A + 285) for negligent act causing 3 civilian deaths.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 53 of 1999", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2005-09-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 53 of 1999", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/153732/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/456609/ramanbhai-somabhai-kharadi-appellant-hash-state-of-gujarat-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-61" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-22-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2006-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0140", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Odhav Police Station, Ahmedabad", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal (Special Case No. 28 of 1986, Special Judge, Ahmedabad)", "citation": "2007 CriLJ 728", "judges": [ "J. R. Vora" ], "judgment_date": "2006-09-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2006, "incident_date": "1985-10-19", "incident_year": 1985, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1947 s.5(1)(d)", "PC Act 1947 s.5(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Odhav Police Station, Ahmedabad", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.07, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "unclear", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Odhav Police Station, Ahmedabad" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.03, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "http://indiankanoon.org/doc/1091097/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court maintained the corruption conviction of PSI of Odhav police station, caught in an ACB decoy trap on the night of 18/19 October 1985 extorting truck drivers on highways around Ahmedabad city. The Court rejected defences of false trap, panch contradictions and defective sanction, holding the Rs 20 bribe-taking proved by ultraviolet-lamp anthracene marks. While maintaining conviction under Section 161 IPC and Sections 5(1)(d)/5(2) of the 1947 PC Act, it cut the sentence from one year's RI to 10 days' RI given the petty amount and two decades' lapse, retaining the Rs 100 fine with surrender by 1 November 2006. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court maintained the corruption conviction of PSI of Odhav police station, caught in an ACB decoy trap on the night of 18/19 October 1985 extorting truck drivers on highways around Ahmedabad city. The Court rejected defences of false trap, panch contradictions and defective sanction, holding the Rs 20 bribe-taking proved by ultraviolet-lamp anthracene marks. While maintaining conviction under Section 161 IPC and Sections 5(1)(d)/5(2) of the 1947 PC Act, it cut the sentence from one year's RI to 10 days' RI given the petty amount and two decades' lapse, retaining the Rs 100 fine with surrender by 1 November 2006.", "court_quote": "While maintaining the conviction awarded by the Trial Court to the appellant for the offences punishable under Section 161 of the Indian Penal Code and for the offence under Section 5(1)(d) to read with Section 5(2) of the Prevention of the Corruption Act, 1947, the appellant is sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment of 10 days instead of rigorous imprisonment of one year as awarded by the Trial Court.", "court_quote_para": "27", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified: decoy-trap bribery conviction maintained; sentence cut 1 yr to 10 days RI.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2007 CriLJ 728", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2006-09-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2007 CriLJ 728", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "http://indiankanoon.org/doc/1091097/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-011", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2006-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0153", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "B. N. vs State of Gujarat & 4 Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "B. N. vs State of Gujarat & 4 Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Amreli", "district_at_time": "Bhavnagar", "city_town": "Savarkundla", "police_station_or_unit": "Savarkundla police station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "B. N. vs State of Gujarat & 4 Ors.", "case_number": null, "citation": null, "judges": [ "D. H. Waghela" ], "judgment_date": "2006-12-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2006, "incident_date": "1997-06-30", "incident_year": 1997, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 176", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Savarkundla police station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.69, "jev_p_culpable": 0.51, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Savarkundla police station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Savarkundla police station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.44, "jev_p_culpable": 0.56, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Savarkundla police station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Savarkundla police station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.81, "jev_p_culpable": 0.6, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Savarkundla police station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Savarkundla police station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.81, "jev_p_culpable": 0.6, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Savarkundla police station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Savarkundla police station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.81, "jev_p_culpable": 0.6, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Savarkundla police station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Savarkundla police station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.81, "jev_p_culpable": 0.6, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Savarkundla police station" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "age": 13, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Savarkundla girl, age 13", "name": null }, { "age": 75, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Savarkundla woman, age 75", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": 13, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a 13-year-old girl" }, { "age": 75, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a woman" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/8766/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court held there was no doubt about violation of the human rights of a woman and her 13-year-old daughter, a 13-year-old girl, by Savarkundla police on the night of 29/30 June 1997. The Court found officers came drunk to the widow house at about 1 a.m. looking for her absconding son, dragged the girl to Mahakali Chowk and beat her with sticks, then took her to the police station where she was again beaten, after which she immolated herself and died the same afternoon. A Section 176 CrPC inquiry by the SDM held the police beating proved though abduction and rape were not proved. The Court directed Rs 1,50,000 interim compensation under Article 226, recoverable from officers found responsible, while a separate criminal case against six officials remained pending.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court held there was no doubt about violation of the human rights of B. N. and her 13-year-old daughter N. by Savarkundla police on the night of 29/30 June 1997. The Court found officers came drunk to the widow house at about 1 a.m. looking for her absconding son, dragged the girl to Mahakali Chowk and beat her with sticks, then took her to the police station where she was again beaten, after which she immolated herself and died the same afternoon. A Section 176 CrPC inquiry by the SDM held the police beating proved though abduction and rape were not proved. The Court directed Rs 1,50,000 interim compensation under Article 226, recoverable from officers found responsible, while a separate criminal case against six officials remained pending.", "court_quote": "In the facts of the present case, there is no manner of doubt about violation of human rights of the deceased and the petitioner insofar as serious injuries were inflicted upon the deceased and justice was effectively denied to the petitioner.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC judgment verified; human-rights violation established, Rs 1.5 lakh interim compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2006-12-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Gujarat High Court judgment 2006-12-18", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/8766/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-37" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0021", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1207", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Magodi Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Magodi Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Gandhinagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Magodi", "police_station_or_unit": "Police station serving village Magodi, Taluka Gandhinagar", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Magodi Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 959 of 1992 (Special Case No. 5 of 1987, Special Judge, Ahmedabad (Rural))", "citation": null, "judges": [ "C.K. Buch" ], "judgment_date": "2007-03-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1985-12-02", "incident_year": 1985, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1947 s.5(1)(d)", "PC Act 1947 s.5(2)", "IPC 151" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Dabhoda Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Dabhoda Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Magodi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.08, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/436040/natwarlal-mohanlal-zala-appellant-hash-state-of-gujarat-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1433203/" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (C.K. Buch, J.) on 29 March 2007 partly allowed Criminal Appeal No. 959 of 1992, confirming the corruption conviction of Police Constable by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad (Rural) (1 September 1992). The court found no perversity in the finding that, after a field-quarrel complaint on 1 December 1985, he demanded Rs. 1,000 from villager a Magodi man to avoid arresting his brothers and accepted Rs. 600 at the panchayat office/tea-stall on 2 December 1985, recovered in an ACB trap. Since the 1947 Act prescribed no minimum sentence and the constable faced dismissal and years of agony, it reduced the substantive sentence from six months to one month rigorous imprisonment, confirming the Rs. 700 fine. It directed him to surrender within six weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (C.K. Buch, J.) on 29 March 2007 partly allowed Criminal Appeal No. 959 of 1992, confirming the corruption conviction of Police Constable by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad (Rural) (1 September 1992). The court found no perversity in the finding that, after a field-quarrel complaint on 1 December 1985, he demanded Rs. 1,000 from villager a Magodi man to avoid arresting his brothers and accepted Rs. 600 at the panchayat office/tea-stall on 2 December 1985, recovered in an ACB trap. Since the 1947 Act prescribed no minimum sentence and the constable faced dismissal and years of agony, it reduced the substantive sentence from six months to one month rigorous imprisonment, confirming the Rs. 700 fine. It directed him to surrender within six weeks.", "court_quote": "For short, I do not find any perversity or illegality in the finding of conviction recorded by the ld. Trial Judge and it is rightly submitted by ld. APP Mr. Pandit that the appeal deserves to be dismissed as the same is devoid of any merits.", "court_quote_para": "27", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "PC Act 1947 bribery conviction upheld; sentence cut 6 months to 1 month RI, fine confirmed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 959 of 1992 (Special Case No. 5 of 1987, Special Judge, Ahmedabad (Rural))", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2007-03-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 959 of 1992 (Special Case No. 5 of 1987, Special Judge, Ahmedabad (Rural))", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/436040/natwarlal-mohanlal-zala-appellant-hash-state-of-gujarat-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1433203/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-111" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-48-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0141", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Petlad Police Senior Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Petlad Police Senior Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Anand", "district_at_time": "Kheda", "city_town": "Petlad", "police_station_or_unit": "Petlad Rural Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Petlad Police Senior Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal against Sessions Case No. 172 of 1991", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Anil R. Dave", "K.S. Jhaveri" ], "judgment_date": "2007-04-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1988-02-06", "incident_year": 1988, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 331" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Petlad Rural Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Sub-Inspector, Petlad Rural Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Petlad man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 10, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161601/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Gujarat High Court confirmed the conviction of Senior PSI of Petlad Rural police station for the custodial death of Bhupendrabhai Patel, arrested on 04.02.1988, handed to the PSI on 24-hour remand on 05.02.1988 and found dead with severe injuries at 2:30 a.m. on 06.02.1988. The Court held the deceased was beaten to death in the sole custody of the appellant, whose burden under Section 106 of the Evidence Act went unrebutted, and rejected the parity plea based on the co-accused's acquittal. The appeal was dismissed, the 10-year RI sentences under Sections 304 Part II and 331 IPC confirmed, bail cancelled and the appellant given 5 weeks to surrender.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Gujarat High Court confirmed the conviction of Senior PSI of Petlad Rural police station for the custodial death of Bhupendrabhai Patel, arrested on 04.02.1988, handed to the PSI on 24-hour remand on 05.02.1988 and found dead with severe injuries at 2:30 a.m. on 06.02.1988. The Court held the deceased was beaten to death in the sole custody of the appellant, whose burden under Section 106 of the Evidence Act went unrebutted, and rejected the parity plea based on the co-accused's acquittal. The appeal was dismissed, the 10-year RI sentences under Sections 304 Part II and 331 IPC confirmed, bail cancelled and the appellant given 5 weeks to surrender.", "court_quote": "There is no evidence inconsistent with the guilt of the appellant and, therefore, in our opinion, the circumstantial evidence is sufficient in this case so as to confirm the conviction.", "court_quote_para": "52", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed appeal of Senior PSI and confirmed 10y RI each under ss.304-II and 331 for custodial death.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal against Sessions Case No. 172 of 1991", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2007-04-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal against Sessions Case No. 172 of 1991", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161601/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-012", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0145", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Premilaben R. Jaishwal and Ors. vs [name withheld] and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Premilaben R. Jaishwal and Ors. vs [name withheld] and Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vadodara", "police_station_or_unit": "Makarpura Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Premilaben R. Jaishwal and Ors. vs [name withheld] and Ors.", "case_number": null, "citation": "2007 CriLJ 4165", "judges": [ "D. H. Waghela" ], "judgment_date": "2007-05-03", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1994-09-17", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 151", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Makarpura Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.19, "jev_p_culpable": 0.82, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Makarpura Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Makarpura Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.48, "jev_p_culpable": 0.69, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Makarpura Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Makarpura Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.66, "jev_p_culpable": 0.4, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Makarpura Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 42, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vadodara man, age 42" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 160000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1274571/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court held it established that a Vadodara man, 42, died following illegal detention and ill-treatment at Makarpura police station, Vadodara. The Court found he was picked up on 16 September 1994 without any complaint against him, detained under Section 151 CrPC in a small room with many others, beaten, and denied medicines, water and medical aid despite his known heart ailment, dying on 17 September 1994. It noted a Section 176 magisterial inquiry substantiating beating and negligence was buried while a departmental inquiry exonerated all. Holding the Article 21 violation established, the Court directed Rs 40,000 interim compensation to each of the four petitioners plus Rs 10,000 costs, and ordered the widow complaint to be registered as an FIR for independent investigation. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court held it established that a Vadodara man, 42, died following illegal detention and ill-treatment at Makarpura police station, Vadodara. The Court found he was picked up on 16 September 1994 without any complaint against him, detained under Section 151 CrPC in a small room with many others, beaten, and denied medicines, water and medical aid despite his known heart ailment, dying on 17 September 1994. It noted a Section 176 magisterial inquiry substantiating beating and negligence was buried while a departmental inquiry exonerated all. Holding the Article 21 violation established, the Court directed Rs 40,000 interim compensation to each of the four petitioners plus Rs 10,000 costs, and ordered the widow complaint to be registered as an FIR for independent investigation.", "court_quote": "Telltale signs of physical injuries on the body of the deceased, some of which were not noticed even in the inquest panchnama, and the medical opinion that they were ante mortem and inflicted within 72 hours of the death, have clearly established that the deceased was ill-treated in the police custody in violation of law without any rhyme or reason.", "court_quote_para": "9.1", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC judgment verified; custodial death with illegal detention established, interim compensation ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2007-05-03", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 160,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2007 CriLJ 4165", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1274571/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-37" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-016", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0024", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1210", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Naroda Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 104 of 1990", "citation": "LAWS(GJH)-2007-5-174", "judges": [ "C.K. Buch" ], "judgment_date": "2007-05-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1986-12-08", "incident_year": 1986, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1947 s.5(1)(d) r/w s.5(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad City", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad City", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad City" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Ahmedabad resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.25, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://archive.org/download/india.highcourt.judgement.gjhc240136801990/GJHC240136801990.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?CaseId=207002815100&Title=NATHUBHAI-MOTIBHAI-PATEL-Vs.-STATE-OF-GUJARAT" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Constable and Head Constable of Naroda Police Station visited timber trader [name withheld]'s premises in December 1986 after a sales-tax complaint, a bailable matter, and agreed to accept Rs.3,000 for not seeking remand after arrest. The ACB trap recovered part-payment of Rs.800 plus blank signed papers from the head constable's portfolio. The Special Judge convicted both officers in 1989. The Gujarat High Court rejected the mistaken-identity defence, confirmed the conviction, but reduced the two-year sentences to three months' RI given the age of the case; no formal sentence order was passed for the second appellant, who died during the appeal.", "summary_verified": "Constable and Head Constable of Naroda Police Station visited timber trader [name withheld]'s premises in December 1986 after a sales-tax complaint, a bailable matter, and agreed to accept Rs.3,000 for not seeking remand after arrest. The ACB trap recovered part-payment of Rs.800 plus blank signed papers from the head constable's portfolio. The Special Judge convicted both officers in 1989. The Gujarat High Court rejected the mistaken-identity defence, confirmed the conviction, but reduced the two-year sentences to three months' RI given the age of the case; no formal sentence order was passed for the second appellant, who died during the appeal.", "court_quote": "The judgment and order of conviction dated 20.12.1989 passed by the Special Judge, City Civil Court, Ahmedabad in Special (ACB) Case No.48 of 1988, is hereby confirmed and the judgment and order of sentence dated 20.12.1989, passed by the learned Special Judge, City Civil Court, Ahmedabad, in Special (ACB) Case No.48 of 1988, is hereby reduced and modified to the extent that instead of 2 years' RI and to pay a fine of Rs.3,000/- and in default to undergo RI for 9 months for the offence punishable under Section 161 of the Indian Penal Code and to undergo sentence of 2 years RI and to pay a fine of Rs.3,000/- and in default to undergo RI for 9 months for the offence punishable under Section 5(1)(d) r/w. Sec.5(2) of the Act, both the appellants now shall undergo RI for 3 months for both the offences and in default punishment for each of these offences imposed i.e for a period of 9 months is reduced to 1½ months.", "court_quote_para": "56", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Conviction of two Naroda PS officers for bribery confirmed, sentence cut to 3 months RI; judgment PDF verified.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "LAWS(GJH)-2007-5-174", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2007-05-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "LAWS(GJH)-2007-5-174", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://archive.org/download/india.highcourt.judgement.gjhc240136801990/GJHC240136801990.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?CaseId=207002815100&Title=NATHUBHAI-MOTIBHAI-PATEL-Vs.-STATE-OF-GUJARAT", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-48-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0133", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kadi Police Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Kadi Police Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Mehsana", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kadi", "police_station_or_unit": "Kadi Police Station, Mehsana", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Kadi Police Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal against Special (ACB) Case No. 3 of 1986", "citation": "2007 CriLJ 3387; (2008) 1 GLR 551", "judges": [ "C.K. Buch" ], "judgment_date": "2007-06-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1984-10-13", "incident_year": 1984, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1947 s.5(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Head Constable", "unit": "Kadi Police Station, Mehsana", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.08, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Head Constable, Kadi Police Station, Mehsana" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kadi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1106743/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court confirmed the bribe-trap conviction of Police Head Constable, Jamadar (Investigation) of Kadi police station, who demanded Rs 500 from advocate Jashvantkumar Patel for a favourable report in a Section 202 CrPC court inquiry and was caught accepting the balance Rs 300 in an ACB trap on 13.10.1984 with marked notes recovered from his pocket. The Court held demand and wilful acceptance proved by the complainant, the independent panch and the panchnama, and rejected the defence that the notes were forcibly planted. The appeal, continued by the appellant's widow after his death, was dismissed and the sentences of 1 year RI under Section 161 IPC and 3 years RI under Section 5(2) of the 1947 PC Act were confirmed.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court confirmed the bribe-trap conviction of Police Head Constable, Jamadar (Investigation) of Kadi police station, who demanded Rs 500 from advocate Jashvantkumar Patel for a favourable report in a Section 202 CrPC court inquiry and was caught accepting the balance Rs 300 in an ACB trap on 13.10.1984 with marked notes recovered from his pocket. The Court held demand and wilful acceptance proved by the complainant, the independent panch and the panchnama, and rejected the defence that the notes were forcibly planted. The appeal, continued by the appellant's widow after his death, was dismissed and the sentences of 1 year RI under Section 161 IPC and 3 years RI under Section 5(2) of the 1947 PC Act were confirmed.", "court_quote": "For short, there is no merits in the present appeal and hence the same requires to be dismissed. Hence, the present Criminal Appeal is hereby dismissed. The impugned judgment and order of conviction and sentence passed by the trial Court is hereby confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed appeal of deceased head constable (widow continued) and confirmed ss.161/5(2) bribe-trap conviction.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2007 CriLJ 3387; (2008) 1 GLR 551", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2007-06-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2007 CriLJ 3387; (2008) 1 GLR 551", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1106743/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0028", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1208", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Bhavnagar Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Bhavnagar Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Bhavnagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Khuntvada Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bhavnagar Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1289 of 1993", "citation": "2008 Cri LJ 505, (2008) 2 GLR 1075", "judges": [ "M.D. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "2007-08-24", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1990-12-12", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act s.5(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Khuntvada Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Khuntvada Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Bhavnagar resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1346203/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/54626/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. PSI of Khuntvada Police Station stopped luxury bus GTS-9919 carrying a marriage party at Aasarana Chokadi on 12 December 1990, seized its permit papers and demanded Rs.250 (later Rs.225) as 'entry fee'. The bus owner refused to pay and approached the ACB, Bhavnagar, whose trap caught the PSI accepting the marked amount. The Special Judge, Bhavnagar convicted him in 1993 while acquitting three co-accused. The Gujarat High Court held the prosecution evidence acceptable and reliable, rejected the defence of a false trap, and confirmed the conviction and sentence while cancelling bail and ordering surrender. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "PSI of Khuntvada Police Station stopped luxury bus GTS-9919 carrying a marriage party at Aasarana Chokadi on 12 December 1990, seized its permit papers and demanded Rs.250 (later Rs.225) as 'entry fee'. The bus owner refused to pay and approached the ACB, Bhavnagar, whose trap caught the PSI accepting the marked amount. The Special Judge, Bhavnagar convicted him in 1993 while acquitting three co-accused. The Gujarat High Court held the prosecution evidence acceptable and reliable, rejected the defence of a false trap, and confirmed the conviction and sentence while cancelling bail and ordering surrender.", "court_quote": "For the foregoing reasons, the appeal is meritless and deserves to be dismissed. This appeal is accordingly dismissed and the judgment and order of conviction and sentence recorded in Special Case No. 9 of 1991 dated 5-11-1993 by the learned Special Judge, Bhavnagar are hereby confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "para 18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed PSI's appeal and confirmed bribery conviction and sentence; judgment verified on Indian Kanoon.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2008 Cri LJ 505, (2008) 2 GLR 1075", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2007-08-24", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2008 Cri LJ 505, (2008) 2 GLR 1075", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1346203/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/54626/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-48-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0030", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1209", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State Reserve Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "State Reserve Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Surat", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "State Reserve Police Force (Vav Camp)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State Reserve Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 4393 of 1994", "citation": "(2008) 1 GLR 595", "judges": [ "S.R. Brahmbhatt" ], "judgment_date": "2007-10-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1989-04-15", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.226", "Bombay State Reserve Police Force Act 1951 s.14" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "State Reserve Police Force", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, State Reserve Police Force" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/451538/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Remove 'leaving arms and ammunition unguarded' — that sentence occurs only inside a quoted Supreme Court paragraph about a different appellant (Railway Protection Special Force constable posted at Tarantaran, Punjab), not in the findings about [name withheld]. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Remove 'leaving arms and ammunition unguarded' — that sentence occurs only inside a quoted Supreme Court paragraph about a different appellant (Railway Protection Special Force constable posted at Tarantaran, Punjab), not in the findings about [name withheld].", "court_quote": "Thus defiance by the petitioner can not be viewed lightly, nor the penalty could be termed to be disproportionate in absence of any mitigating circumstance.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Writ against SRP constable's dismissal for defying Bihar marching orders dismissed; judgment verified on Indian Kanoon.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2007-10-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2008) 1 GLR 595", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/451538/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-48-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0131", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1459" ], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat (with State of Gujarat vs [name withheld] & Ors.)", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat (with State of Gujarat vs [name withheld] & Ors.)", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Surveillance Squad, Naranpura Police Station, Ahmedabad City", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Police Sub-Inspector vs State of Gujarat (with State of Gujarat vs [name withheld] & Ors.)", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 209 of 1998 with Criminal Appeal No. 203 of 1998 (Sessions Case No. 97 of 1992, Addl. Sessions Judge, Ahmedabad City)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A. M. Kapadia", "R. H. Shukla" ], "judgment_date": "2008-01-31", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1989-01-11", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 34", "IPC 201", "IPC 193" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Surveillance Squad, Naranpura Police Station, Ahmedabad City", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Surveillance Squad, Naranpura Police Station, Ahmedabad City" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Ahmedabad man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/19684573/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/54915645/" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court held that theft suspect [name withheld], taken on seven days' police remand on 10 January 1989, died a homicidal custodial death with 34 ante-mortem lathi injuries while in the custody of PSI of the Naranpura Surveillance Squad. The Court rejected [name withheld]'s defence that the deceased fell on iron fencing while escaping, finding the death occurred in his exclusive custody. It altered his murder conviction to Section 304 Part II read with Section 34 IPC and sentenced him to three years' rigorous imprisonment with a Rs 5,000 fine, while confirming the convictions for evidence-tampering under Sections 201 and 193 IPC. The Court dismissed the State's appeal against the acquittal of the co-accused policemen for want of proof of their presence.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court held that theft suspect [name withheld], taken on seven days' police remand on 10 January 1989, died a homicidal custodial death with 34 ante-mortem lathi injuries while in the custody of PSI of the Naranpura Surveillance Squad. The Court rejected [name withheld]'s defence that the deceased fell on iron fencing while escaping, finding the death occurred in his exclusive custody. It altered his murder conviction to Section 304 Part II read with Section 34 IPC and sentenced him to three years' rigorous imprisonment with a Rs 5,000 fine, while confirming the convictions for evidence-tampering under Sections 201 and 193 IPC. The Court dismissed the State's appeal against the acquittal of the co-accused policemen for want of proof of their presence.", "court_quote": "it is duly established that A-1 has caused death of A-1 which is a custodial death and, therefore, no intention can be attributed to him however he had a knowledge and, therefore, the conviction recorded against A-1 from Sections 302/34 IPC deserves to be altered to Sections 304 Part II/34 IPC", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified on primary source: PSI custodial-death conviction altered Sec 302 to Sec 304-II/34, 3 yrs RI; State appeal dismissed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 209 of 1998 with Criminal Appeal No. 203 of 1998 (Sessions Case No. 97 of 1992, Addl. Sessions Judge, Ahmedabad City)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2008-01-31", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 209 of 1998 with Criminal Appeal No. 203 of 1998 (Sessions Case No. 97 of 1992, Addl. Sessions Judge, Ahmedabad City)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/19684573/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/54915645/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-42", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-037", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1206", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State Reserve Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "State Reserve Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vadodara", "police_station_or_unit": "Wadi Police Station area, Vadodara (riot-duty point near Ranavav Masjid)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State Reserve Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "case_number": "Special Civil Application (challenging dismissal order dated 08.04.1993; appeal 27.07.1993; revision 11.01.1994)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Anant S. Dave" ], "judgment_date": "2008-02-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1990-09-14", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.226", "Constitution Art.14" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Police Constable", "unit": "State Reserve Police Force, Cadre No. 10, Ukai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Police Constable, State Reserve Police Force, Cadre No. 10, Ukai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/837172/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (Anant S. Dave, J.) on 8 February 2008 rejected the Article 226 petition of Armed Police Constable (SRPF Cadre 10, Ukai) and upheld his dismissal dated 8 April 1993. A departmental enquiry with three witnesses had proved that on 14 September 1990, during communally surcharged conditions in Vadodara, he left a sensitive riot-duty point near Ranavav Masjid in the Wadi Police Station area from 20:15 hrs without his superior's permission. The court held the enquiry followed the rules, noted nine prior unauthorised absences between 1984 and 1990, and held dismissal proportionate since even brief dereliction at such a point could trigger an uncontrollable law-and-order situation. No civilian victim is involved; this is a duty-desertion dismissal upheld on judicial review. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (Anant S. Dave, J.) on 8 February 2008 rejected the Article 226 petition of Armed Police Constable (SRPF Cadre 10, Ukai) and upheld his dismissal dated 8 April 1993. A departmental enquiry with three witnesses had proved that on 14 September 1990, during communally surcharged conditions in Vadodara, he left a sensitive riot-duty point near Ranavav Masjid in the Wadi Police Station area from 20:15 hrs without his superior's permission. The court held the enquiry followed the rules, noted nine prior unauthorised absences between 1984 and 1990, and held dismissal proportionate since even brief dereliction at such a point could trigger an uncontrollable law-and-order situation. No civilian victim is involved; this is a duty-desertion dismissal upheld on judicial review.", "court_quote": "On the contrary, the misconduct on the part of the petitioner of remaining absent from duty at a highly sensitive point situated in communally surcharged area of Vadodara City is grave in nature and cannot be pardoned.", "court_quote_para": "para 5", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SRPF dismissal for deserting riot-duty point upheld; duty desertion, no civilian victim.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2008-02-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Special Civil Application (challenging dismissal order dated 08.04.1993; appeal 27.07.1993; revision 11.01.1994)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/837172/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-111" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-48-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0006", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0445", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Police Police Sub-Inspector v. State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Police Police Sub-Inspector v. State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Bhavnagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Aasarana Chokdi, Mahuva", "police_station_or_unit": "Aasarana Chokdi", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Police Police Sub-Inspector v. State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 408 of 2008", "citation": "2008 (11) SCC 163", "judges": [ "Arijit Pasayat", "J.M. Panchal" ], "judgment_date": "2008-02-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1990-12-12", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1988 s.7" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Gujarat Police (on duty at Aasarana Chokdi)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Gujarat Police (on duty at Aasarana Chokdi)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Aasarana Chokdi, Mahuva man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/54626/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court maintained the conviction of Police Sub-Inspector, who had stopped a marriage-party luxury bus at Aasarana Chokdi, retained its permit and papers, and demanded Rs.250 as entry fee from the travels mehtaji. The Court found sufficient evidence of demand and acceptance of the bribe. Given the prolonged pendency and over six months already spent in custody, it reduced the one year's rigorous imprisonment to the period undergone while maintaining the conviction and fine. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court maintained the conviction of Police Sub-Inspector, who had stopped a marriage-party luxury bus at Aasarana Chokdi, retained its permit and papers, and demanded Rs.250 as entry fee from the travels mehtaji. The Court found sufficient evidence of demand and acceptance of the bribe. Given the prolonged pendency and over six months already spent in custody, it reduced the one year's rigorous imprisonment to the period undergone while maintaining the conviction and fine.", "court_quote": "We feel interest of justice would be best served if the sentence is reduced to the period undergone, while maintaining the conviction.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment text verified; PSI entry-fee bribery conviction maintained, sentence cut to undergone.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2008 (11) SCC 163", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2008-02-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2008 (11) SCC 163", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/54626/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-39" ], "merged_case_id": "SWBRIBER-019", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0024", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1205", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Constable (traffic police) vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Constable (traffic police) vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Traffic Court (Court No. 13), Gheekanta, Ahmedabad", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Constable (traffic police) vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1055 of 1993 (Special Case No. 5 of 1991, Special Judge, City Sessions Court 2nd Court, Ahmedabad city)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M.D. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "2008-07-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1989-12-27", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)(i)", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)(ii)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable (traffic police)", "unit": "Traffic Court (Court No. 13), Gheekanta, Ahmedabad", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable (traffic police), Traffic Court (Court No. 13), Gheekanta, Ahmedabad" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Ahmedabad resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1905268/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (M.D. Shah, J.) on 23 July 2008 partly allowed Criminal Appeal No. 1055 of 1993, upholding the corruption conviction of traffic policeman by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad city (26 July 1993). The court held proved beyond doubt that, while attached to Traffic Court (Court No. 13) Gheekanta, he demanded money at Rs. 15 per complaint from auto-rickshaw driverW.-1 to dispose of 15-16 pending traffic complaints and accepted Rs. 150 in an ACB trap on 27 December 1989. It rejected the defence that he took the money only to secure the driver's court presence, holding police officials were not authorised to collect fine amounts directly. Given ~19 years had passed, it reduced the three-year sentences to one year rigorous imprisonment on all counts, concurrent. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (M.D. Shah, J.) on 23 July 2008 partly allowed Criminal Appeal No. 1055 of 1993, upholding the corruption conviction of traffic policeman by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad city (26 July 1993). The court held proved beyond doubt that, while attached to Traffic Court (Court No. 13) Gheekanta, he demanded money at Rs. 15 per complaint from auto-rickshaw driverW.-1 to dispose of 15-16 pending traffic complaints and accepted Rs. 150 in an ACB trap on 27 December 1989. It rejected the defence that he took the money only to secure the driver's court presence, holding police officials were not authorised to collect fine amounts directly. Given ~19 years had passed, it reduced the three-year sentences to one year rigorous imprisonment on all counts, concurrent.", "court_quote": "In view of the above discussion and taking into consideration the facts and circumstances of the case and the evidence available on record, I have no hesitation in holding that the amount of Rs.150/- received by the appellant from P.W.-1 on 27.12.1989 was an illegal gratification and that the ingredients of bribe i.e. demand, offer and acceptance has been successfully proved by the prosecution beyond reasonable doubt.", "court_quote_para": "para 13.0", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "PC Act bribery conviction of traffic policeman upheld; sentence cut 3 years to 1 year for delay.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 1055 of 1993 (Special Case No. 5 of 1991, Special Judge, City Sessions Court 2nd Court, Ahmedabad city)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2008-07-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 1055 of 1993 (Special Case No. 5 of 1991, Special Judge, City Sessions Court 2nd Court, Ahmedabad city)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1905268/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-111" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-48-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0027", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1204", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Police Constable and others vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Police Constable and others vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Naroda Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Police Constable and others vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 775 of 1993 (Special Case No. 20 of 1990, Special Judge, Court No. 2, Ahmedabad)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M.D. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "2008-09-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1989-12-01", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)(i)", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)(ii)", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad city", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad city" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad city", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Naroda Police Station, Ahmedabad city" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Ahmedabad man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/653760/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (M.D. Shah, J.) on 30 September 2008 partly allowed Criminal Appeal No. 775 of 1993, upholding the corruption conviction of two Naroda Police Station constables by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad (29 June 1993). The court held proved beyond doubt that they demanded and accepted Rs. 1,000 illegal gratification from scrap trader [name withheld] on 1-2 December 1989 for not registering a case over missing purchase bills, relying on the panch witness and ACB officer evidence from the trap with marked notes. It rejected the defence that the notes were thrust on them during a summons visit. Given ~20 years had passed, it reduced appellant No. 1 [name withheld]'s sentence from three years to one year rigorous imprisonment on all counts; appellant No. 2 [name withheld] died during appeal so no sentence order was passed for him.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (M.D. Shah, J.) on 30 September 2008 partly allowed Criminal Appeal No. 775 of 1993, upholding the corruption conviction of two Naroda Police Station constables by the Special Judge, Ahmedabad (29 June 1993). The court held proved beyond doubt that they demanded and accepted Rs. 1,000 illegal gratification from scrap trader [name withheld] on 1-2 December 1989 for not registering a case over missing purchase bills, relying on the panch witness and ACB officer evidence from the trap with marked notes. It rejected the defence that the notes were thrust on them during a summons visit. Given ~20 years had passed, it reduced appellant No. 1 [name withheld]'s sentence from three years to one year rigorous imprisonment on all counts; appellant No. 2 [name withheld] died during appeal so no sentence order was passed for him.", "court_quote": "In view of the above discussion and taking into consideration the facts and circumstances of the case and the oral and documentary evidence available on record, I have no hesitation in holding that the amount of Rs.1,000/- received by the accused persons from the complainant on 01.12.1989 was illegal gratification and that the ingredients of bribe i.e. demand, offer and acceptance have been successfully proved by the prosecution beyond doubt.", "court_quote_para": "para 10.0", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "PC Act bribery conviction of two constables upheld; sentence cut 3 years to 1 year for delay.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 775 of 1993 (Special Case No. 20 of 1990, Special Judge, Court No. 2, Ahmedabad)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2008-09-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 775 of 1993 (Special Case No. 20 of 1990, Special Judge, Court No. 2, Ahmedabad)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/653760/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-111" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-48-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1215", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & Anr.", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 2829 of 1988", "citation": "(2009) 3 GLR 2499 : (2010) 1 SLR 194", "judges": [ "K.S. Radhakrishnan", "Akil Kureshi" ], "judgment_date": "2009-05-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Police Constable", "unit": null, "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Police Constable" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/444002/prabhatsinh-samatsinh-appellant-hash-dsp-and-another-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/707883/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Armed Constable, married with five children, was charged in 1984 with marrying and cohabiting with two other women, one of village Rajpura, Taluka Padra, while his first marriage subsisted. The inquiry proved the charges on witness statements and he was removed in January 1988, with his appeal failing. On a reference over whether private conduct can be police misconduct, the Division Bench held such acts unbecoming of a government servant under the Gujarat Civil Services (Conduct) Rules, and dismissed the petition without reducing the penalty. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Armed Constable, married with five children, was charged in 1984 with marrying and cohabiting with two other women, one of village Rajpura, Taluka Padra, while his first marriage subsisted. The inquiry proved the charges on witness statements and he was removed in January 1988, with his appeal failing. On a reference over whether private conduct can be police misconduct, the Division Bench held such acts unbecoming of a government servant under the Gujarat Civil Services (Conduct) Rules, and dismissed the petition without reducing the penalty.", "court_quote": "Such a conduct of a police official who has been employed in a disciplined force carrying out important functions of maintaining law and order and investigating crimes would certainly amount to acts unbecoming of a Government servant and therefore misconduct.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench upheld removal of armed constable for bigamy/cohabitation as misconduct under Conduct Rules.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-05-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2009) 3 GLR 2499 : (2010) 1 SLR 194", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/444002/prabhatsinh-samatsinh-appellant-hash-dsp-and-another-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/707883/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-49-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0014", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0722", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmedabad Boy v. State (NCT of Delhi) and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmedabad Boy v. State (NCT of Delhi) and Others", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Special Operations Group, Crime Branch, Ahmedabad City, Gujarat Police", "court": "Delhi High Court", "court_as_verified": "Delhi High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ahmedabad Boy v. State (NCT of Delhi) and Others", "case_number": "WP(CRL) 758/2008", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Badar Durrez Ahmed", "Ajit Bharihoke" ], "judgment_date": "2009-07-03", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "2008-05-25", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "SOG, Crime Branch, Ahmedabad City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.45, "jev_p_culpable": 0.56, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, SOG, Crime Branch, Ahmedabad City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "SOG, Crime Branch, Ahmedabad City (3 constables)", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.77, "jev_p_culpable": 0.15, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, SOG, Crime Branch, Ahmedabad City (3 constables)" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": 13, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ahmedabad boy, age 13", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": 13, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 13-year-old boy" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 270000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/172864698/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/378574/pdf/" ], "summary": "The Delhi High Court (Justices Badar Durrez Ahmed and Ajit Bharihoke) awarded Rs 2,70,000 from the State of Gujarat to Tasleema and her 13-year-old son, a 13-year-old boy. The Court found that on 25 May 2008 SI (SOG, Ahmedabad Crime Branch) with three constables took the boy from Seelampur, Delhi to an Ahmedabad lockup without reason or authority of law while ostensibly searching for an accused in FIR No.840/06, without seeking Delhi Police help or disclosing the removal. Inflation-correcting the Rs 50,000 awarded in Bhim Singh (1985) via the CPI-IW, the Court granted strict-liability public-law compensation within two weeks, rejecting Gujarat's plea for a s.340 CrPC complaint against the mother. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Delhi High Court (Justices Badar Durrez Ahmed and Ajit Bharihoke) awarded Rs 2,70,000 from the State of Gujarat to Tasleema and her 13-year-old son [name withheld]. The Court found that on 25 May 2008 SI (SOG, Ahmedabad Crime Branch) with three constables took the boy from Seelampur, Delhi to an Ahmedabad lockup without reason or authority of law while ostensibly searching for an accused in FIR No.840/06, without seeking Delhi Police help or disclosing the removal. Inflation-correcting the Rs 50,000 awarded in Bhim Singh (1985) via the CPI-IW, the Court granted strict-liability public-law compensation within two weeks, rejecting Gujarat's plea for a s.340 CrPC complaint against the mother.", "court_quote": "The violation of Article 21 is patent and incontrovertible and it is of such a magnitude that it shocks the conscience of this Court.", "court_quote_para": "56", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Delhi HC judgment verified on Indian Kanoon + mirror; Rs 2.7L from Gujarat for minor's interstate removal matches.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-07-03", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Delhi High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Delhi High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 270,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "WP(CRL) 758/2008", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/172864698/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/378574/pdf/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-53" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-070", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0151", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Hansot Man vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Hansot Man vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Bharuch", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Hansot", "police_station_or_unit": "Hansot Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Hansot Man vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": "Special Criminal Application No. 428 of 1998", "citation": null, "judges": [ "H. N. Devani" ], "judgment_date": "2010-01-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "1995-05-07", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Art 21", "Constitution of India Art 226" ], "officers": [], "officer_count": 0, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Hansot man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1288965/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court held Hansot police grossly negligent in the lock-up death of Rameshbhai Parmar, arrested on 6 May 1995 in largely non-cognizable offences and kept overnight instead of being produced before the nearby magistrate. The Court found that after he complained of stomach pain around 1:30 a.m., he was left without medical help for over an hour while police slowly arranged a vehicle, dying at 2:47 a.m., with two unexplained ante-mortem bruises. Though the death was attributed to GI perforation rather than custodial violence, the Court held the State liable for infringing the arrestee's Article 21 rights. It partly allowed the petition, directing Rs 1 lakh compensation to the widow under Article 226. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court held Hansot police grossly negligent in the lock-up death of Rameshbhai Parmar, arrested on 6 May 1995 in largely non-cognizable offences and kept overnight instead of being produced before the nearby magistrate. The Court found that after he complained of stomach pain around 1:30 a.m., he was left without medical help for over an hour while police slowly arranged a vehicle, dying at 2:47 a.m., with two unexplained ante-mortem bruises. Though the death was attributed to GI perforation rather than custodial violence, the Court held the State liable for infringing the arrestee's Article 21 rights. It partly allowed the petition, directing Rs 1 lakh compensation to the widow under Article 226.", "court_quote": "However, as is evident from the facts noted hereinabove, there is gross negligence on the part of the police authorities in providing medical treatment to the arrestee. In the first place, the husband of the petitioner was arrested in connection with the offences which prima facie appear to be non-cognizable offences. Thereafter, he was confined in the lockup with a view to teach him a lesson and not produced before the Judicial Magistrate immediately after his arrest despite the Court being available.", "court_quote_para": "27", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified: gross negligence in custodial medical care; Rs 1 lakh compensation to widow.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-01-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Special Criminal Application No. 428 of 1998", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1288965/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0023", "status": "overturned", "merged_id": "CWC-1213", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & 3", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & 3", "state": "Gujarat", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & 3", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 10751 of 1994", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.S. Jhaveri" ], "judgment_date": "2010-03-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Police Constable", "unit": null, "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Police Constable" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/707883/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Unarmed Constable, in service since 1978, was acquitted (benefit of doubt) in a 1987 murder trial, then chargesheeted (16 May 1988) for absence from duty (proved) and extra-marital relations (partly proved). The DSP imposed stoppage of one increment (26 Dec 1990); the DIG enhanced it to dismissal from service (28 Aug 1991), confirmed by the IG (9 Jun 1993) and Home Department (13 Jan 1994). Later proceedings: on 18 July 2013, the Gujarat High Court set aside the order recorded in this judgment (concerning [name withheld]); the outcome recorded here therefore does not stand. The Single Judge (5 Mar 2010) dismissed his petition; on appeal the Division Bench set aside the dismissal and restored the DSP's penalty ((2013) 3 GLR 2729).", "summary_verified": "Unarmed Constable, in service since 1978, was acquitted (benefit of doubt) in a 1987 murder trial, then chargesheeted (16 May 1988) for absence from duty (proved) and extra-marital relations (partly proved). The DSP imposed stoppage of one increment (26 Dec 1990); the DIG enhanced it to dismissal from service (28 Aug 1991), confirmed by the IG (9 Jun 1993) and Home Department (13 Jan 1994). The Single Judge (5 Mar 2010) dismissed his petition; on appeal the Division Bench set aside the dismissal and restored the DSP's penalty ((2013) 3 GLR 2729).", "court_quote": "The respondent No.2 has assigned cogent and convincing reasons for arriving at a conclusion. Such a serious misconduct if is taken lightly it may adversely affect the moral of the police force and may also affect the moral character of the other police officers.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Dismissal of constable for absence and extra-marital misconduct upheld despite earlier murder acquittal.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-03-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Special Civil Application No. 10751 of 1994", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2013-07-18", "action_type": "Order set aside", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "Later proceedings: on 18 July 2013, the Gujarat High Court set aside the order recorded in this judgment (concerning [name withheld]); the outcome recorded here therefore does not stand.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Conviction not standing", "source": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/436273/jasubhai-s-parmar-vs-dist-superintendent-of-police-and-oth/", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Gujarat High Court", "date": "2013-07-18", "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/436273/jasubhai-s-parmar-vs-dist-superintendent-of-police-and-oth/", "outcome": "conviction_set_aside" } ], "final_outcome_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/436273/jasubhai-s-parmar-vs-dist-superintendent-of-police-and-oth/", "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/707883/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-49-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0031", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1212", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Unarmed Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & 3", "display_title_redacted": "Unarmed Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & 3", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Kheda", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nadiad", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Unarmed Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & 3", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 8325 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A.L. Dave" ], "judgment_date": "2010-07-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "1995-05-26", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Police Constable", "unit": null, "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Police Constable" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/676192/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Unarmed Constable was found drunk on a public road near Pathikashram, Nadiad, at about 2:30 am on 26 May 1995 and prosecuted under the Bombay Prohibition Act and Bombay Police Act. The criminal court acquitted him on benefit of doubt, but departmental proceedings held the misconduct proved and he was dismissed, with the appeal and revision both failing in 2006. After his death in 2007, his widow challenged the dismissal. The Gujarat High Court held that a criminal acquittal does not dislodge a departmental finding recorded on preponderance of probability, and dismissed the petition. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Unarmed Constable was found drunk on a public road near Pathikashram, Nadiad, at about 2:30 am on 26 May 1995 and prosecuted under the Bombay Prohibition Act and Bombay Police Act. The criminal court acquitted him on benefit of doubt, but departmental proceedings held the misconduct proved and he was dismissed, with the appeal and revision both failing in 2006. After his death in 2007, his widow challenged the dismissal. The Gujarat High Court held that a criminal acquittal does not dislodge a departmental finding recorded on preponderance of probability, and dismissed the petition.", "court_quote": "It is now a settled proposition of law that acquittal in a criminal proceedings may not have consequential effect on departmental proceedings, since both the proceedings are decided on different principles of proof. In criminal proceedings, strict proof beyond reasonable doubt is expected; whereas in the departmental proceedings strict proof is not a parameter and the proceedings are decided on the principles of preponderance of probability and, therefore, acquittal of the deceased employee in criminal trial cannot be a ground to entertain this petition.", "court_quote_para": "4", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Widow's challenge to constable's dismissal for drunken misconduct failed; criminal acquittal held no bar.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-07-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Special Civil Application No. 8325 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/676192/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-49-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0036", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1214", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Armed Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & 3", "display_title_redacted": "Armed Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & 3", "state": "Gujarat", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Armed Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & 3", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 4599 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M.R. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "2010-08-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "2003-09-27", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Police Constable", "unit": null, "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Police Constable" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1625532/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Armed Constable remained absent without sanctioned leave or intimation for 354 days from September 2003 to September 2004, after more than 25 earlier instances of absenteeism. A departmental inquiry with full opportunity proved the charge and he was dismissed in August 2005; his appeal was time-barred and his revisions failed. The Gujarat High Court held that dismissal of a habitual absentee in a disciplined force is neither harsh nor illegal, and dismissed the petition. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Armed Constable remained absent without sanctioned leave or intimation for 354 days from September 2003 to September 2004, after more than 25 earlier instances of absenteeism. A departmental inquiry with full opportunity proved the charge and he was dismissed in August 2005; his appeal was time-barred and his revisions failed. The Gujarat High Court held that dismissal of a habitual absentee in a disciplined force is neither harsh nor illegal, and dismissed the petition.", "court_quote": "Applying the ratio laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the said case to the present case when the petitioner had been in the post found guilty of unauthorised absentism for 25 times and in a subsequent departmental inquiry is once again found guilty of unauthorised absent for 354 days, his consequential dismissal from service is not required to be interfered with, as the same cannot be said to be harsh and/or illegal. On the contrary the authority is justified in dismissing the petitioner from service more particularly considering the fact that the petitioner was serving in the disciplined police force and such an indiscipline cannot be tolerated at least in the police department.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Dismissal of habitual-absentee armed constable (354 days absent) upheld as neither harsh nor illegal.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-08-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Special Civil Application No. 4599 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "judgment_date" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1625532/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-49-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0147", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "RPF personnel vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "RPF personnel vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": "RPF Post, Ahmedabad", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "RPF personnel vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 303 of 1998", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Z. K. Saiyed" ], "judgment_date": "2011-06-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1990-04-04", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 331", "IPC 302", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "RPF Post, Ahmedabad", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.08, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, RPF Post, Ahmedabad" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ahmedabad man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 7, "compensation_inr": 10000, "force": "railway", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/681545/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal of RPF man Ajaysing Yadav and confirmed his Section 331 IPC conviction for custodial torture leading to the death of an Ahmedabad man The Court found an Ahmedabad man was picked up from his Girdharnagar house on 4 April 1990 for a cement-theft inquiry and beaten by RPF personnel at the railway line and RPF Post, Ahmedabad, sustaining 20 external and 7 internal injuries, dying on 5 April 1990. It discarded the defence story of a fall while fleeing and relied on the mother eyewitness identification, the station-diary entry in the appellant own hand, and medical evidence ruling out a fall. Treating RPF custody as police custody throughout, the Court confirmed 7 years RI plus Rs 10,000 fine payable in full to the mother, leaving the acquittal of accused 2 to 5 and on Section 302 undisturbed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal of RPF man Ajaysing Yadav and confirmed his Section 331 IPC conviction for custodial torture leading to the death of an Ahmedabad man The Court found an Ahmedabad man was picked up from his Girdharnagar house on 4 April 1990 for a cement-theft inquiry and beaten by RPF personnel at the railway line and RPF Post, Ahmedabad, sustaining 20 external and 7 internal injuries, dying on 5 April 1990. It discarded the defence story of a fall while fleeing and relied on the mother eyewitness identification, the station-diary entry in the appellant own hand, and medical evidence ruling out a fall. Treating RPF custody as police custody throughout, the Court confirmed 7 years RI plus Rs 10,000 fine payable in full to the mother, leaving the acquittal of accused 2 to 5 and on Section 302 undisturbed.", "court_quote": "It means that at the time when Prahlad was taken to the Hospital, he had already expired and it can be said that it was a custodial death. Injuries were caused to the deceased in between 1.30 P.M. on 4.4.1990 to 11.00 A.M. of the day when the death was committed in the custody only.", "court_quote_para": "34", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC judgment verified; Sec 331 conviction confirmed, 7 years RI plus fine to mother. Subcategory corrected to custodial_death (deceased died in RPF custody).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 303 of 1998", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2011-06-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 303 of 1998", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/681545/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-37" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-018", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0015", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0139", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Langnaj Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Langnaj Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Mehsana", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Langnaj", "police_station_or_unit": "Langnaj Police Station, Mehsana", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Langnaj Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1107 of 1997", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Z.K. Saiyed" ], "judgment_date": "2011-08-25", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1991-06-18", "incident_year": 1991, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)/13(2)", "PC Act 1988 s.12" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Langnaj Police Station, Mehsana", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Langnaj Police Station, Mehsana" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Police Constable", "unit": "Langnaj Police Station, Mehsana", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Police Constable, Langnaj Police Station, Mehsana" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Langnaj man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 2, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/912351/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court confirmed the ACB trap convictions of Langnaj police station PSI and Constable, who demanded Rs 2,000 from complainant [name withheld] to spare his father arrest and holiday detention in a Section 498-A case and were trapped on 18.06.1991 accepting the balance, anthracene stains being found on the PSI's hand. The Court held demand and voluntary acceptance proved, rejected the false-implication defence, and observed that police officers indulging in corrupt practice by threatening custody were entitled to no benefit of doubt. The appeal was dismissed, the convictions and 2-year RI sentences confirmed, bail bonds cancelled and the appellants directed to surrender within four weeks.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court confirmed the ACB trap convictions of Langnaj police station PSI and Constable, who demanded Rs 2,000 from complainant [name withheld] to spare his father arrest and holiday detention in a Section 498-A case and were trapped on 18.06.1991 accepting the balance, anthracene stains being found on the PSI's hand. The Court held demand and voluntary acceptance proved, rejected the false-implication defence, and observed that police officers indulging in corrupt practice by threatening custody were entitled to no benefit of doubt. The appeal was dismissed, the convictions and 2-year RI sentences confirmed, bail bonds cancelled and the appellants directed to surrender within four weeks.", "court_quote": "The presence of anthracene powder on the hand of the accused goes to show that he has voluntarily accepted the bribe.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed appeal and confirmed ACB trap convictions of PSI and constable; bail cancelled, surrender in 4 weeks.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 1107 of 1997", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2011-08-25", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 1107 of 1997", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/912351/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0020", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0150", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Dwarka Police Police personnel (rank not stated) vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Dwarka Police Police personnel (rank not stated) vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Devbhumi Dwarka", "district_at_time": "Jamnagar", "city_town": "Dwarka", "police_station_or_unit": "Dwarka Police Station area (Okha road duty)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Dwarka Police Police personnel (rank not stated) vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 218 of 1998 (Special Case No. 4 of 1996, Special Judge, Jamnagar)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M. D. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "2011-11-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1996-05-09", "incident_year": 1996, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel (rank not stated)", "unit": "Dwarka Police Station area (Okha road duty)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel (rank not stated), Dwarka Police Station area (Okha road duty)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Dwarka man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1696659/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court confirmed the conviction of policeman, caught in an ACB trap on the Dwarka-Okha road on 9 May 1996 demanding and accepting a Rs 10 entry fee from lignite-truck drivers. The Court held the panch-witness evidence proved demand and acceptance beyond reasonable doubt despite the punter turning hostile, noting the raiding party sat in the truck cabin. It dismissed the appeal, confirming six months' SI under Section 7 and one year's SI under Section 13(1)(d)/13(2) of the PC Act, 1988, with bail bonds cancelled and six weeks to surrender. Two co-accused [name withheld] constables stood acquitted by the trial court. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court confirmed the conviction of policeman, caught in an ACB trap on the Dwarka-Okha road on 9 May 1996 demanding and accepting a Rs 10 entry fee from lignite-truck drivers. The Court held the panch-witness evidence proved demand and acceptance beyond reasonable doubt despite the punter turning hostile, noting the raiding party sat in the truck cabin. It dismissed the appeal, confirming six months' SI under Section 7 and one year's SI under Section 13(1)(d)/13(2) of the PC Act, 1988, with bail bonds cancelled and six weeks to surrender. Two co-accused [name withheld] constables stood acquitted by the trial court.", "court_quote": "It is proved beyond reasonable doubt by prosecution that trap was arranged and the ACB Inspector and panchas were in the truck when present appellant-accused no.1 demanded bribe amount and when he accepted the said amount.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified: policeman's entry-fee bribe conviction confirmed (1 yr SI); appeal dismissed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 218 of 1998 (Special Case No. 4 of 1996, Special Judge, Jamnagar)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2011-11-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 218 of 1998 (Special Case No. 4 of 1996, Special Judge, Jamnagar)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1696659/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0046", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1211", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] vs District Superintendent of Police & Ors.", "case_number": "Letters Patent Appeal No. 1721 of 2011 in Special Civil Application No. 22358 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V.M. Sahai", "A.J. Desai" ], "judgment_date": "2011-12-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2002-03-26", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Police Constable", "unit": null, "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Police Constable" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/107808448/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Armed Constable remained absent without leave from 26 March to 1 April 2002, immediately after the Godhra riots when police bandobast was in force, adding to repeated absences since September 2000 and prior fines. He filed no reply to the October 2002 charge-sheet, the inquiry proved the charges on evidence, and he was dismissed, which the appellate authority confirmed. The Single Judge upheld the dismissal, and the Division Bench agreed the inquiry was fair and absence during communal-riot duty was gross misconduct by a member of a disciplined force. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Armed Constable remained absent without leave from 26 March to 1 April 2002, immediately after the Godhra riots when police bandobast was in force, adding to repeated absences since September 2000 and prior fines. He filed no reply to the October 2002 charge-sheet, the inquiry proved the charges on evidence, and he was dismissed, which the appellate authority confirmed. The Single Judge upheld the dismissal, and the Division Bench agreed the inquiry was fair and absence during communal-riot duty was gross misconduct by a member of a disciplined force.", "court_quote": "At that time, the appellant remained absent without informing the higher authority, and in view of such conduct of the appellant we are of the view that the order passed by the Inquiry Officer dismissing the appellant from the service is a right decision, which has been rightly confirmed by the learned Single Judge.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench dismissed LPA, upholding dismissal of armed constable for absence during post-Godhra bandobast.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-12-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Letters Patent Appeal No. 1721 of 2011 in Special Civil Application No. 22358 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/107808448/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-112" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-49-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0518", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Rajkot Youngster v. Secretary to the Government of Gujarat and Another (Rajkot lathi-charge case)", "display_title_redacted": "Rajkot Youngster v. Secretary to the Government of Gujarat and Another (Rajkot lathi-charge case)", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Rajkot", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Rajkot", "police_station_or_unit": "Rajkot City Police", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Rajkot Youngster v. Secretary to the Government of Gujarat and Another (Rajkot lathi-charge case)", "case_number": "Writ Petition (PIL) No. 170 of 2012 (Suo Motu)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Bhaskar Bhattacharya", "J. B. Pardiwala" ], "judgment_date": "2013-03-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2012-06-25", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory_display": "disproportionate force", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [], "officer_count": 0, "victims": [ { "age": 9, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Rajkot youngster, age 9", "name": null }, { "age": 14, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Rajkot boy, age 14", "name": null }, { "age": 11, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Rajkot boy, age 11", "name": null }, { "age": 16, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Rajkot boy, age 16", "name": null }, { "age": 38, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Rajkot woman, age 38", "name": null }, { "age": 16, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Rajkot girl, age 16", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": 9, "gender": null, "descriptor": "a 9-year-old child" }, { "age": 14, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 14-year-old boy" }, { "age": 11, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 11-year-old boy" }, { "age": 16, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 16-year-old boy" }, { "age": 38, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a woman" }, { "age": 16, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a 16-year-old girl" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 6, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/155307395/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "On a suo motu PIL based on photographs and a CD, the Gujarat High Court held Rajkot police guilty of an indiscriminate brutal lathi charge on innocent Dalit residents of Ambedkarnagar Colony, Thorala Ward, on 25 June 2012, a day after a Dalit leader murder. The Court found police beat targeted individuals including children and women, assaulted a surrendered person to teach a lesson, and attacked unconnected passers-by. Rejecting the mild-force defence, the Court awarded Rs 25,000 each as exemplary damages to six victims within four weeks, recoverable from erring officers salaries, and directed a Committee to fix penal liability with prosecution within eight weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On a suo motu PIL based on photographs and a CD, the Gujarat High Court held Rajkot police guilty of an indiscriminate brutal lathi charge on innocent Dalit residents of Ambedkarnagar Colony, Thorala Ward, on 25 June 2012, a day after a Dalit leader murder. The Court found police beat targeted individuals including children and women, assaulted a surrendered person to teach a lesson, and attacked unconnected passers-by. Rejecting the mild-force defence, the Court awarded Rs 25,000 each as exemplary damages to six victims within four weeks, recoverable from erring officers salaries, and directed a Committee to fix penal liability with prosecution within eight weeks.", "court_quote": "At the cost of repetition, we state that what is painful is the fact that even when a member of the unlawful assembly meekly surrendered before the Police, the Police with a view to teach a lesson to such person, led a brutal assault with lathi, which is not permissible in law.", "court_quote_para": "37", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Brutal lathi charge on Dalits held proved; Rs 25K each to 6 victims; penal-liability probe ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-03-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Writ Petition (PIL) No. 170 of 2012 (Suo Motu)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/155307395/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "SWDISPRO-011", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0800", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Dhari Resident vs State of Gujarat through Secretary and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Dhari Resident vs State of Gujarat through Secretary and Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Amreli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Dhari", "police_station_or_unit": "Dhari Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Dhari Resident vs State of Gujarat through Secretary and Anr.", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 595 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. G. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "2013-10-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2007-12-16", "incident_year": 2007, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "PASA 1985 s.3(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "District Magistrate", "unit": "Amreli", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "District Magistrate, Amreli" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Dhari Police Station, Amreli", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Dhari Police Station, Amreli" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Dhari resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://cjp.org.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/visamanbhai-SCA5952009_GJHC240085502009_308_07102013.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/439883/visamanbhai-d-dhola-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-another/" ], "summary": "The petitioner was detained under the Gujarat PASA Act by the District Magistrate, Amreli on 16-12-2007 on police-sponsored material and held for about 45 days. The High Court found the detention order illegal, passed on vague and arbitrary grounds with an ulterior motive to harass: the complainant denied the incident, signatory witnesses disowned complaints, and no statements were properly considered. Relying on Nilabati Behera and the Uphaar Tragedy case on compensation for Article 21 violations, the court awarded Rs.1,50,000 compensation payable by the State within eight weeks, recoverable in equal proportions from the erring officers' salaries. The petition was allowed to that extent and the Rule made absolute. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The petitioner was detained under the Gujarat PASA Act by the District Magistrate, Amreli on 16-12-2007 on police-sponsored material and held for about 45 days. The High Court found the detention order illegal, passed on vague and arbitrary grounds with an ulterior motive to harass: the complainant denied the incident, signatory witnesses disowned complaints, and no statements were properly considered. Relying on Nilabati Behera and the Uphaar Tragedy case on compensation for Article 21 violations, the court awarded Rs.1,50,000 compensation payable by the State within eight weeks, recoverable in equal proportions from the erring officers' salaries. The petition was allowed to that extent and the Rule made absolute.", "court_quote": "Therefore, I hold that respondents have misused their powers under the PASA for illegal detention and hence the petitioner is entitled to compensation.", "court_quote_para": "20", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held 45-day PASA detention illegal and actuated by ulterior motive; awarded Rs.1,50,000 compensation recoverable from erring officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-10-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Special Civil Application No. 595 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://cjp.org.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/visamanbhai-SCA5952009_GJHC240085502009_308_07102013.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/439883/visamanbhai-d-dhola-vs-state-of-gujarat-and-another/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-61" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-23-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0019", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1216", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gondal Police Head Constable (Grade-I) and others vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Gondal Police Head Constable (Grade-I) and others vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Rajkot", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Gondal", "police_station_or_unit": "Gondal police station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gondal Police Head Constable (Grade-I) and others vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": "Letters Patent Appeal Nos. 1437/2010 (in SCA 4402/2010) and 1438/2010 (in SCA 4403/2010)", "citation": "(2014) 02 GUJ CK 0051", "judges": [ "Akil Kureshi", "Sonia Gokani" ], "judgment_date": "2014-02-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "1993-10-07", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 225A(b)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (Grade-I)", "unit": "Gondal police station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (Grade-I), Gondal police station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Gondal police station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Gondal police station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53798938/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/460387/jubedaben-ranabhai-juneja-appellant-hash-state-of-gujarat-and-3-and-others-respondent/" ], "summary": "On 5 February 2014 the Gujarat High Court Division Bench dismissed appeals by two Gondal lady head constables and upheld their dismissal from service. The court found that a woman accused entrusted to their overnight custody on 6-7 October 1993 had escaped through their negligence, for which both stood finally convicted under section 225A(b) IPC (six months simple imprisonment plus fine). The court held the escape reflected gross negligence and consequential misconduct by police custodians, and that dismissal was neither shockingly nor grossly disproportionate. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 5 February 2014 the Gujarat High Court Division Bench dismissed appeals by two Gondal lady head constables and upheld their dismissal from service. The court found that a woman accused entrusted to their overnight custody on 6-7 October 1993 had escaped through their negligence, for which both stood finally convicted under section 225A(b) IPC (six months simple imprisonment plus fine). The court held the escape reflected gross negligence and consequential misconduct by police custodians, and that dismissal was neither shockingly nor grossly disproportionate.", "court_quote": "In our opinion, the appellants simply cannot escape the liability of their gross negligence and consequential misconduct.", "court_quote_para": "9 (mirror; IndianKanoon numbering unconfirmed — record says 10)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC Division Bench dismissed LPAs; dismissal of two head constables for IPC 225A(b) negligent escape upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-02-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2014) 02 GUJ CK 0051", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53798938/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/460387/jubedaben-ranabhai-juneja-appellant-hash-state-of-gujarat-and-3-and-others-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-113" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-50-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0022", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1217", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Gujarat vs Gambhoi Police Writer to Police Sub-Inspector", "display_title_redacted": "State of Gujarat vs Gambhoi Police Writer to Police Sub-Inspector", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Sabarkantha", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Gambhoi", "police_station_or_unit": "Gambhoi Police Station / Raipur outpost", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Gujarat vs Gambhoi Police Writer to Police Sub-Inspector", "case_number": "R/Criminal Appeal No. 906 of 1999 (State appeal u/s 378 CrPC against Special Case No. 2 of 1995)", "citation": "(2014) 3 GLR 2313; 2015 CriLJ 1520", "judges": [ "Rajesh H. Shukla" ], "judgment_date": "2014-03-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "1994-11-11", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d) r/w s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Writer to Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Gambhoi Police Station / Raipur outpost", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Writer to Police Sub-Inspector, Gambhoi Police Station / Raipur outpost" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/79545603/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/460278/state-of-gujarat-vs-kalusinh-shivsinh-rahevar/" ], "summary": "On 10 March 2014 the Gujarat High Court allowed the State appeal against acquittal and convicted a Gambhoi police-station writer for taking a bribe to weaken a criminal case against the complainant party. The court held that the Special Judge had wrongly doubted demand, finding that the accused unexplained presence at Ambika Hotel, the anthracene-marked fingertips and pocket, and recovery of the tainted Rs.900 proved demand and acceptance beyond reasonable doubt. It quashed the 1999 acquittal, convicted him under sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, and imposed one year rigorous imprisonment with fine on each count to run concurrently. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 10 March 2014 the Gujarat High Court allowed the State appeal against acquittal and convicted a Gambhoi police-station writer for taking a bribe to weaken a criminal case against the complainant party. The court held that the Special Judge had wrongly doubted demand, finding that the accused unexplained presence at Ambika Hotel, the anthracene-marked fingertips and pocket, and recovery of the tainted Rs.900 proved demand and acceptance beyond reasonable doubt. It quashed the 1999 acquittal, convicted him under sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, and imposed one year rigorous imprisonment with fine on each count to run concurrently.", "court_quote": "The impugned judgment and order recording acquittal of the Respondent Accused for the offence under Sections 7, 13(1)(d), read with Section 13(2) of Prevention of Corruption Act is hereby quashed and set aside and the charges against the Respondent Accused are held to be proved beyond reasonable doubt, and therefore, the respondent accused is convicted for the offence under Section 7 and also for the offence under Section 13(1)(d) read with Section 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.", "court_quote_para": "25 (mirror; record says 26)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC reversed acquittal and convicted police writer under PC Act ss.7, 13(1)(d) r/w 13(2); 1 year RI.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-03-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2014) 3 GLR 2313; 2015 CriLJ 1520", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/79545603/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/460278/state-of-gujarat-vs-kalusinh-shivsinh-rahevar/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-113" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-50-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2016-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0801", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Banaskantha", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vav", "police_station_or_unit": "Vav Treasury / Vav Police Station, Banaskantha", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Police Police Constable vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 25765 of 2007 with Civil Application No. 4140 of 2016", "citation": null, "judges": [ "J. B. Pardiwala" ], "judgment_date": "2016-06-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2016, "incident_date": "1994-09-08", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 224", "IPC 332", "IPC 353", "IPC 504" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Banaskantha, Gujarat Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Banaskantha, Gujarat Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vav man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vav man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/3623497/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court (J.B. Pardiwala J., 7 June 2016) rejected the Article 226 writ of former Police Constable, confirming his removal from service. The court recorded that on 8 September 1994 he assaulted on-duty unarmed constable at the Vav Treasury, consumed liquor and misbehaved with the Treasury Officer, and escaped from custody. The court held that his acquittals in the related criminal cases, decided on proof beyond reasonable doubt, did not undo the departmental finding of serious misconduct proved on preponderance of probability. It declined to re-appreciate the domestic-inquiry evidence and found no interference warranted with the removal order as affirmed in appeal and revision.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court (J.B. Pardiwala J., 7 June 2016) rejected the Article 226 writ of former Police Constable, confirming his removal from service. The court recorded that on 8 September 1994 he assaulted on-duty unarmed constable at the Vav Treasury, consumed liquor and misbehaved with the Treasury Officer, and escaped from custody. The court held that his acquittals in the related criminal cases, decided on proof beyond reasonable doubt, did not undo the departmental finding of serious misconduct proved on preponderance of probability. It declined to re-appreciate the domestic-inquiry evidence and found no interference warranted with the removal order as affirmed in appeal and revision.", "court_quote": "A Police Constable cannot take law in his own hands and indulge in any act which would tarnish the image of the department.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Writ rejected; removal of constable for 1994 assault, intoxication and escape from custody upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2016-06-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Special Civil Application No. 25765 of 2007 with Civil Application No. 4140 of 2016", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/3623497/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-62" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-23-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2016-0011", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0680", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Morbi Man vs State of Gujarat and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Morbi Man vs State of Gujarat and Another", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Morbi", "district_at_time": "Rajkot", "city_town": "Morbi", "police_station_or_unit": "Morbi City Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Morbi Man vs State of Gujarat and Another", "case_number": "R/Special Criminal Application (Direction) No. 536 of 2010 with SCA No. 1140 of 2008", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. S. Jhaveri" ], "judgment_date": "2016-08-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2016, "incident_date": "2006-02-22", "incident_year": 2006, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [], "officer_count": 0, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Morbi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/69686327/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/death-police-custody-gujarat-hc-orders-state-pay-compensation-kin" ], "summary": "A Morbi man was taken into custody by Morbi City police on the night of 18 February 2006 for an alleged Prohibition Act offence, kept in illegal detention, produced before court only on 20 February 2006, and died on 22 February 2006. The post-mortem revealed multiple ante-mortem injuries all over his body. The mother's private complaint led to Criminal Inquiry No.106/2006, but the accused officers' revision against rejection of the 'B' Summary was allowed in 2008. Recording the State's submission citing Nilabati Behera that suitable compensation may be awarded, the High Court directed the State to pay Rs.1.50 lakh lump-sum compensation to the mother within six months, clarifying the order was by direction of the Court and not to be treated as precedent. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Morbi man was taken into custody by Morbi City police on the night of 18 February 2006 for an alleged Prohibition Act offence, kept in illegal detention, produced before court only on 20 February 2006, and died on 22 February 2006. The post-mortem revealed multiple ante-mortem injuries all over his body. The mother's private complaint led to Criminal Inquiry No.106/2006, but the accused officers' revision against rejection of the 'B' Summary was allowed in 2008. Recording the State's submission citing Nilabati Behera that suitable compensation may be awarded, the High Court directed the State to pay Rs.1.50 lakh lump-sum compensation to the mother within six months, clarifying the order was by direction of the Court and not to be treated as precedent.", "court_quote": "if an amount of Rs.1.50 Lacs is awarded as compensation to the petitioner, the same would meet the ends of justice.", "court_quote_para": "7 (record has null)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC directed Rs.1.5 lakh lump-sum compensation for custodial death with ante-mortem injuries.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2016-08-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "R/Special Criminal Application (Direction) No. 536 of 2010 with SCA No. 1140 of 2008", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/69686327/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/death-police-custody-gujarat-hc-orders-state-pay-compensation-kin", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-51" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP9-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2016-0036", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0802", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Surat Man vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Surat Man vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Surat", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Surat", "police_station_or_unit": "Lajpore Central Jail, Surat (detention ordered by Commissioner of Police, Rajkot City)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Surat Man vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": "R/Special Criminal Application (Habeas Corpus) No. 4937 of 2016", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Harsha Devani", "Biren Vaishnav" ], "judgment_date": "2016-12-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2016, "incident_date": "2016-06-06", "incident_year": 2016, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Commissioner of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Rajkot City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Commissioner of Police, Rajkot City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Superintendent", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Lajpore Central Jail, Surat", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Superintendent, Lajpore Central Jail, Surat" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Jailor Grade-2", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Lajpore Central Jail, Surat", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Jailor Grade-2, Lajpore Central Jail, Surat" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Surat man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/4928132/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/58ba44c32713e13a98901a24" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court Division Bench (Harsha Devani and Biren Vaishnav JJ., 23 December 2016) allowed the habeas corpus petition of Hamirbhai Gabu on behalf of detenue a Surat man The court recorded that the PASA detention order of 27 May 2016 was revoked by the State Government on 6 June 2016, yet the detenue was released from Lajpore Central Jail, Surat only on 12 July 2016 though required in no other case. The court held it established that he remained under illegal incarceration at the hands of the authorities and the State for more than a month, showing scant regard for personal liberty under Article 21. It directed the State to pay Rs 50,000 compensation to the detenue plus Rs 10,000 costs and made the rule absolute. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court Division Bench (Harsha Devani and Biren Vaishnav JJ., 23 December 2016) allowed the habeas corpus petition of Hamirbhai Gabu on behalf of detenue a Surat man The court recorded that the PASA detention order of 27 May 2016 was revoked by the State Government on 6 June 2016, yet the detenue was released from Lajpore Central Jail, Surat only on 12 July 2016 though required in no other case. The court held it established that he remained under illegal incarceration at the hands of the authorities and the State for more than a month, showing scant regard for personal liberty under Article 21. It directed the State to pay Rs 50,000 compensation to the detenue plus Rs 10,000 costs and made the rule absolute.", "court_quote": "the detenue has remained under illegal incarceration/detention at the hands of the authorities and State for a period of more than a month is established", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Habeas corpus allowed; 37-day illegal detention after revocation established; Rs 50,000 compensation + Rs 10,000 costs.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2016-12-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 50,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "R/Special Criminal Application (Habeas Corpus) No. 4937 of 2016", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/4928132/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/58ba44c32713e13a98901a24", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-62" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-23-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2017-0006", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0340", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Police Deputy Superintendent of Police and others v. State (B. B. case: appeals of convicted police personnel and doctors)", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Police Deputy Superintendent of Police and others v. State (B. B. case: appeals of convicted police personnel and doctors)", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Dahod", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Limkheda", "police_station_or_unit": "Limkheda Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Police Deputy Superintendent of Police and others v. State (B. B. case: appeals of convicted police personnel and doctors)", "case_number": "Appeals from Bombay High Court judgment dated 04-05-2017 (Crl.A. Nos. 1020-1023/2009 etc.)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. A. Bobde", "L. Nageswara Rao" ], "judgment_date": "2017-05-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2017, "incident_date": "2002-03-03", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 201", "IPC 218" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Limkheda, Gujarat Police", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, Limkheda, Gujarat Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "unit": "Limkheda Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.35, "jev_p_culpable": 0.76, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, Limkheda Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police officer", "unit": "Limkheda Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.59, "jev_p_culpable": 0.46, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police officer, Limkheda Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Limkheda Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.54, "jev_p_culpable": 0.53, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Limkheda Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Limkheda woman", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a woman" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/41203430/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-asks-2002-gujarat-riots-victim-bilkis-bano-to-approach-authorities-for-job-and-accommodation-165017", "https://sabrangindia.in/article/supreme-court-asks-gujarat-government-take-action-against-cops-convicted-bilkis-bano-rape", "https://www.twfindia.in/public/news/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-of-two-docs-four-cops-in-bilkis-bano-case/details" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court on 10 July 2017 dismissed the appeals of four Gujarat policemen including IPS officer R.[name withheld] and two government doctors, upholding the Bombay High Court convictions under Sections 201 and 218 IPC for sabotaging the a woman gang-rape and murder probe. The Court observed they had been unreasonably acquitted by the trial court despite clear-cut evidence of mis-recording the FIR, burying bodies without proper post-mortem and filing false closure reports. The High Court had sentenced them to the period undergone with fines of Rs 5,000 and Rs 15,000. In 2019 the Court separately awarded a woman 50 lakh with a job and housing and ordered disciplinary action against the convicted policemen. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court on 10 July 2017 dismissed the appeals of four Gujarat policemen including IPS officer R.[name withheld] and two government doctors, upholding the Bombay High Court convictions under Sections 201 and 218 IPC for sabotaging the Bilkis Bano gang-rape and murder probe. The Court observed they had been unreasonably acquitted by the trial court despite clear-cut evidence of mis-recording the FIR, burying bodies without proper post-mortem and filing false closure reports. The High Court had sentenced them to the period undergone with fines of Rs 5,000 and Rs 15,000. In 2019 the Court separately awarded Bilkis Rs 50 lakh with a job and housing and ordered disciplinary action against the convicted policemen.", "court_quote": "In view of the above, we set aside acquittal of accused Nos.13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19 and 20 under Sections 201 and 218 of IPC and we hold them guilty of the offences punishable under sections 201 and 218 of the Indian Penal Code.", "court_quote_para": "371", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC dismissed appeals of 4 policemen + 2 doctors; Bombay HC ss.201/218 convictions stand. Short order via reports.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2017-05-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Appeals from Bombay High Court judgment dated 04-05-2017 (Crl.A. Nos. 1020-1023/2009 etc.)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/41203430/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-asks-2002-gujarat-riots-victim-bilkis-bano-to-approach-authorities-for-job-and-accommodation-165017", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://sabrangindia.in/article/supreme-court-asks-gujarat-government-take-action-against-cops-convicted-bilkis-bano-rape", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.twfindia.in/public/news/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-of-two-docs-four-cops-in-bilkis-bano-case/details", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-30" ], "merged_case_id": "SWFALSEI-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2017-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0496", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Randhikpur Police Police Sub-Inspector v. The State of Gujarat (B. case; CBI v. [name withheld] and Others)", "display_title_redacted": "Randhikpur Police Police Sub-Inspector v. The State of Gujarat (B. case; CBI v. [name withheld] and Others)", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Dahod", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Randhikpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Limkheda Police Station, Dahod", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Randhikpur Police Police Sub-Inspector v. The State of Gujarat (B. case; CBI v. [name withheld] and Others)", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 1020-1023 of 2009, 487 of 2010; CBI appeals against acquittal Nos. 194 of 2011, 271 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V. K. Tahilramani", "Mridula Bhatkar" ], "judgment_date": "2017-05-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2017, "incident_date": "2002-03-03", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 201", "IPC 218" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Limkheda Police Station, Dahod", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Limkheda Police Station, Dahod" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Limkheda / Fatehpura Police Station, Dahod", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Limkheda / Fatehpura Police Station, Dahod" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Limkheda Police Station, Dahod (in charge of police station)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Limkheda Police Station, Dahod (in charge of police station)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Circle Police Inspector", "unit": "Limkheda, Dahod", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Circle Police Inspector, Limkheda, Dahod" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Limkheda Sub-Division, Dahod (supervising officer)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Limkheda Sub-Division, Dahod (supervising officer)" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Randhikpur woman", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a woman" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 8, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 140000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/193835523/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.legalindia.com/news/bilkis-case-bombay-hc-upholds-life-sentence-12-sets-aside-acquittal-seven", "http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article8694.html" ], "summary": "On the CBI appeal against acquittal in the a woman gang-rape and murder trial, the Bombay High Court set aside the acquittal of five policemen (A13, A14, A15, A16, A18) and two doctors and convicted them under Sections 201 and 218 IPC. The Court held they suppressed facts, botched the inquest and post-mortem, and filed a false A-summary closure report to screen the offenders. Each was sentenced to the period already undergone plus Rs 5,000 fine under Section 201 and Rs 15,000 fine under Section 218, with all fine amounts directed to be paid to the prosecutrix as compensation. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On the CBI appeal against acquittal in the [name withheld] gang-rape and murder trial, the Bombay High Court set aside the acquittal of five policemen (A13, A14, A15, A16, A18) and two doctors and convicted them under Sections 201 and 218 IPC. The Court held they suppressed facts, botched the inquest and post-mortem, and filed a false A-summary closure report to screen the offenders. Each was sentenced to the period already undergone plus Rs 5,000 fine under Section 201 and Rs 15,000 fine under Section 218, with all fine amounts directed to be paid to the prosecutrix as compensation.", "court_quote": "All the acts of commission and omission of the police and the medical officers cannot be examined in isolation but they are well connected with each other in a chain of suppression of facts causing disappearance of the evidence with intent to screen the offenders and save them from punishment.", "court_quote_para": "370", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC reversed acquittal; 5 policemen convicted under IPC 201/218 for screening offenders.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2017-05-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 1020-1023 of 2009, 487 of 2010; CBI appeals against acquittal Nos. 194 of 2011, 271 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/193835523/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.legalindia.com/news/bilkis-case-bombay-hc-upholds-life-sentence-12-sets-aside-acquittal-seven", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article8694.html", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "SWDERELI-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0012", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1224", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Navsari District Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Navsari District Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Navsari", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Superintendent of Police, Navsari", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Navsari District Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application No. 11044 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Umesh A. Trivedi" ], "judgment_date": "2021-01-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "1994-01-13", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Gujarat Civil Services (Conduct) Rules 1971 r.26" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Navsari District Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Police Constable, Navsari District Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143144216/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Armed Police Constable of Navsari was removed from service on 18 April 2001 for contracting a second marriage with Kanizaben on 13 January 1994 while his first spouse lived, without divorce or State permission, and for falsely denying the second marriage before the Deputy Superintendent of Police on 6 January 1998. The inquiry officer held both charges proved on witness and documentary evidence including the petitioner's own admission of the registered marriage. His appeal and revision failed, and he challenged the removal under Article 226. The Court found no reason to interfere with the concurrent findings of fact and held removal not shockingly disproportionate, rejecting the petition. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Armed Police Constable of Navsari was removed from service on 18 April 2001 for contracting a second marriage with Kanizaben on 13 January 1994 while his first spouse lived, without divorce or State permission, and for falsely denying the second marriage before the Deputy Superintendent of Police on 6 January 1998. The inquiry officer held both charges proved on witness and documentary evidence including the petitioner's own admission of the registered marriage. His appeal and revision failed, and he challenged the removal under Article 226. The Court found no reason to interfere with the concurrent findings of fact and held removal not shockingly disproportionate, rejecting the petition.", "court_quote": "I see no reason to interfere with the concurrent finding of facts recorded by the authorities, as aforesaid which requires no interference by this Court as even a punishment of removal has also not shockingly disproportionate", "court_quote_para": "16", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified on IK; removal of constable for bigamy and false statement upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-01-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "R/Special Civil Application No. 11044 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143144216/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-114" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1225", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Halvad Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Halvad Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Surendranagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Halvad", "police_station_or_unit": "Halvad Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Halvad Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application No. 9430 of 2007", "citation": "AIRONLINE 2021 GUJ 796", "judges": [ "Umesh A. Trivedi" ], "judgment_date": "2021-01-27", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "2000-07-03", "incident_year": 2000, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Gujarat Police Act s.145(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Halvad Police Station, Surendranagar", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Police Constable, Halvad Police Station, Surendranagar" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/97921735/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. Unarmed Police Constable B.[name withheld] of Halvad Police Station went on casual leave from 30 June to 2 July 2000 and never reported back on 3 July 2000, remaining absent despite arrest in October 2001 in a case under Section 145(2) of the Bombay (now Gujarat) Police Act. He was charge-sheeted for withdrawing from duty without written permission of the Superintendent of Police and dismissed on 21 October 2003, confirmed by the Range IG and the DGP. He contended sickness certificates explained part of the absence. The Court held the unauthorised absence stood proved and his conscious defiant attitude intolerable in a disciplined force, rejecting the petition. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Unarmed Police Constable B.[name withheld] of Halvad Police Station went on casual leave from 30 June to 2 July 2000 and never reported back on 3 July 2000, remaining absent despite arrest in October 2001 in a case under Section 145(2) of the Bombay (now Gujarat) Police Act. He was charge-sheeted for withdrawing from duty without written permission of the Superintendent of Police and dismissed on 21 October 2003, confirmed by the Range IG and the DGP. He contended sickness certificates explained part of the absence. The Court held the unauthorised absence stood proved and his conscious defiant attitude intolerable in a disciplined force, rejecting the petition.", "court_quote": "The conduct of the petitioner appears to be of a conscious defiant attitude which cannot be tolerated in a disciplined force like Police", "court_quote_para": "14 (record says 13)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified on IK (AIRONLINE 2021 GUJ 796); dismissal for desertion of duty upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-01-27", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "AIRONLINE 2021 GUJ 796", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/97921735/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-114" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1221", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "District Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "District Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Rajkot", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Rajkot (Rural) District Police", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "District Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application No. 17969 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Bhargav D. Karia" ], "judgment_date": "2021-08-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "2001-09-05", "incident_year": 2001, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Rajkot (Rural) District Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Police Constable, Rajkot (Rural) District Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/51970637/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "On 26 August 2021 the Gujarat High Court dismissed the writ petition of an Unarmed Police Constable and left his removal from service undisturbed. The court recorded that on 5 September 2001 the petitioner was found intoxicated in public at 11:30 pm, quarrelling and talking nonsense, that the inquiry officer held the charge proved in May 2002, and that the Superintendent of Police, Rajkot (Rural) removed him in September 2002, a penalty confirmed in departmental appeal and review. The court held prior record had played no part in the penalty and found the petition devoid of merits. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 26 August 2021 the Gujarat High Court dismissed the writ petition of an Unarmed Police Constable and left his removal from service undisturbed. The court recorded that on 5 September 2001 the petitioner was found intoxicated in public at 11:30 pm, quarrelling and talking nonsense, that the inquiry officer held the charge proved in May 2002, and that the Superintendent of Police, Rajkot (Rural) removed him in September 2002, a penalty confirmed in departmental appeal and review. The court held prior record had played no part in the penalty and found the petition devoid of merits.", "court_quote": "In view of the foregoing reasons, the petition is devoid of any merits and is accordingly, dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC dismissed writ; removal of constable for on-duty intoxication upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-08-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "R/Special Civil Application No. 17969 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/51970637/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-113" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1222", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Police Head Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application No. 12543 of 2008", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Biren Vaishnav" ], "judgment_date": "2021-08-31", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "1999-01-01", "incident_year": 1999, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 376", "IPC 323", "IPC 504", "IPC 506(2)", "IPC 451" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Gujarat Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Gujarat Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Gujarat woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/126288968/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. replace 'the survivor' with 'a woman' / 'the complainant'. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "replace 'the survivor' with 'a woman' / 'the complainant'", "court_quote": "Perusal of the impugned order of dismissal would indicate that it is a case where an employee, particularly from the police force, has engaged himself in the dastardly act of raping a lady.", "court_quote_para": "5", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC dismissed writ; head constable dismissal for rape of a woman upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-08-31", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "R/Special Civil Application No. 12543 of 2008", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/126288968/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-113" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0018", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1223", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Police Unarmed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application No. 9645 of 2008", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Biren Vaishnav" ], "judgment_date": "2021-09-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "2002-04-26", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Unarmed Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Gujarat Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Unarmed Police Constable, Gujarat Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/55991816/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Unarmed Police Constable remained absent from duty from 26 April 2002 to 5 December 2002 (224 days) and was dismissed on 10 May 2004 after an ex-parte departmental inquiry, a penalty confirmed in appeal and revision. He challenged the dismissal under Article 226, contending illness and violation of natural justice. The Court noted an earlier penalty reducing his pay was already in force and found no improvement in his behaviour despite past penalties. The Court held the penalty of dismissal proportionate to the misconduct and dismissed the petition, leaving the dismissal undisturbed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Unarmed Police Constable remained absent from duty from 26 April 2002 to 5 December 2002 (224 days) and was dismissed on 10 May 2004 after an ex-parte departmental inquiry, a penalty confirmed in appeal and revision. He challenged the dismissal under Article 226, contending illness and violation of natural justice. The Court noted an earlier penalty reducing his pay was already in force and found no improvement in his behaviour despite past penalties. The Court held the penalty of dismissal proportionate to the misconduct and dismissed the petition, leaving the dismissal undisturbed.", "court_quote": "this Court after undertaking all analysis of several decisions of the Hon'ble Supreme Court held that the penalty of dismissal is proportionate to the misconduct alleged against the petitioner.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified on IK; dismissal of police constable for 224-day absence upheld under Art 226.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-09-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "R/Special Civil Application No. 9645 of 2008", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/55991816/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-114" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0027", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1220", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State Reserve Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "State Reserve Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Gandhinagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Gandhinagar", "police_station_or_unit": "State Reserve Police Force, Group-12", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State Reserve Police Armed Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Letters Patent Appeal No. 1123 of 2021 in R/Special Civil Application No. 10335 of 2021", "citation": null, "judges": [ "R.M. Chhaya", "Niral R. Mehta" ], "judgment_date": "2022-01-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "1983-02-01", "incident_year": 1983, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "State Reserve Police Force, Group-12, Gandhinagar", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Police Constable, State Reserve Police Force, Group-12, Gandhinagar" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/66817616/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "On 6 January 2022 the Gujarat High Court Division Bench dismissed the appeal of an Armed Police Constable (SRP Group-12, Gandhinagar) against his dismissal from service ordered on 28 April 1998. The court recorded that the appellant, appointed in February 1983, had been charge-sheeted for producing a false school leaving certificate and misrepresenting his date of birth, and that he approached the court only in June 2020 seeking parity with other dismissed constables. Agreeing with the Single Judge, the court held the appellant had accepted the dismissal for almost 23 years and could not question it in extraordinary writ jurisdiction after such inordinate delay, leaving the dismissal undisturbed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 6 January 2022 the Gujarat High Court Division Bench dismissed the appeal of an Armed Police Constable (SRP Group-12, Gandhinagar) against his dismissal from service ordered on 28 April 1998. The court recorded that the appellant, appointed in February 1983, had been charge-sheeted for producing a false school leaving certificate and misrepresenting his date of birth, and that he approached the court only in June 2020 seeking parity with other dismissed constables. Agreeing with the Single Judge, the court held the appellant had accepted the dismissal for almost 23 years and could not question it in extraordinary writ jurisdiction after such inordinate delay, leaving the dismissal undisturbed.", "court_quote": "In addition to that, the appellant has already accepted the order of dismissal for almost 23 years and hence, the appellant cannot now be permitted to question the same in exercise of extraordinary discretionary jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution of India.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC Division Bench dismissed LPA on 23-year laches; 1998 dismissal for false appointment records left undisturbed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-01-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "R/Letters Patent Appeal No. 1123 of 2021 in R/Special Civil Application No. 10335 of 2021", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/66817616/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-113" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0028", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1219", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Vadodara City Police Police Constable vs The Commissioner of Police & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Vadodara City Police Police Constable vs The Commissioner of Police & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Vadodara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vadodara", "police_station_or_unit": "Vadodara City Police", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Vadodara City Police Police Constable vs The Commissioner of Police & Ors.", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application No. 2532 of 2007", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A.S. Supehia" ], "judgment_date": "2022-03-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "1990-01-01", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 379" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Vadodara City Police", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Vadodara City Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/82731018/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "On 14 March 2022 the Gujarat High Court dismissed the writ petition of a Vadodara City police constable and left his dismissal from service undisturbed. The court recorded that the petitioner, suspended in March 1990 and charge-sheeted in 1994 for stealing motorcycles with duplicate keys and reselling them with duplicate number plates, had been acquitted in the parallel criminal cases under section 379 IPC but found guilty in a detailed departmental inquiry, leading to dismissal in November 2003, confirmed in appeal and revision. The court held that an acquittal premised on similar facts cannot ipso facto dilute a punishment order and that judicial review cannot re-appreciate evidence as an appellate authority. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 14 March 2022 the Gujarat High Court dismissed the writ petition of a Vadodara City police constable and left his dismissal from service undisturbed. The court recorded that the petitioner, suspended in March 1990 and charge-sheeted in 1994 for stealing motorcycles with duplicate keys and reselling them with duplicate number plates, had been acquitted in the parallel criminal cases under section 379 IPC but found guilty in a detailed departmental inquiry, leading to dismissal in November 2003, confirmed in appeal and revision. The court held that an acquittal premised on similar facts cannot ipso facto dilute a punishment order and that judicial review cannot re-appreciate evidence as an appellate authority.", "court_quote": "In the present case, as noted hereinabove, the entire case of the petitioner is premised on acquittal which cannot ipso facto result in diluting the order of punishment.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC held criminal acquittal cannot dilute dismissal; motorcycle-theft dismissal upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-03-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "R/Special Civil Application No. 2532 of 2007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/82731018/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-113" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1218", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State Reserve Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "State Reserve Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "State Reserve Police Force", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State Reserve Police Constable vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Letters Patent Appeal No. 1201 of 2018 in R/Special Civil Application No. 19421 of 2007", "citation": null, "judges": [ "R.M. Chhaya", "Hemant M. Prachchhak" ], "judgment_date": "2022-04-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "2005-12-07", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "State Reserve Police Force", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, State Reserve Police Force" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Gujarat man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/82701494/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "On 26 April 2022 the Gujarat High Court Division Bench dismissed the appeal of a State Reserve Police Force constable and confirmed his dismissal from service. The court recorded that on 7 December 2005 the appellant had scuffled with a colleague, who sustained a head injury from the appellant rifle, and that a full departmental inquiry had held the charges proved, leading to dismissal on 15 September 2006, confirmed in appeal and revision. Agreeing with the Single Judge that three concurrent findings of fact, a record of repeated misconduct and subsequent FIRs supported the penalty, the court held dismissal commensurate with the guilt and called for no interference. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 26 April 2022 the Gujarat High Court Division Bench dismissed the appeal of a State Reserve Police Force constable and confirmed his dismissal from service. The court recorded that on 7 December 2005 the appellant had scuffled with a colleague, who sustained a head injury from the appellant rifle, and that a full departmental inquiry had held the charges proved, leading to dismissal on 15 September 2006, confirmed in appeal and revision. Agreeing with the Single Judge that three concurrent findings of fact, a record of repeated misconduct and subsequent FIRs supported the penalty, the court held dismissal commensurate with the guilt and called for no interference.", "court_quote": "In the case on hand also, the appellant, who was working in disciplinary force is expected to be properly disciplined. The Disciplinary Authority having come to the conclusion that the charges of assault against the superior co-worker is proved, the same can not be substituted by this Court and the evidence can not be re-appreciated in limited jurisdiction.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC Division Bench dismissed LPA; SRP constable dismissal for rifle assault on colleague upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-04-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "R/Letters Patent Appeal No. 1201 of 2018 in R/Special Civil Application No. 19421 of 2007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/82701494/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-113" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-53-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0050", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0803", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Bhesan Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Bhesan Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Junagadh", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bhesan", "police_station_or_unit": "Bhesan Police Station, Junagadh", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bhesan Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Criminal Revision Application No. 166 of 2022", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Hasmukh D. Suthar" ], "judgment_date": "2023-08-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2004-02-14", "incident_year": 2004, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 323", "IPC 325" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Bhesan Police Station, Junagadh", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Bhesan Police Station, Junagadh" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Bhesan Police Station, Junagadh", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Bhesan Police Station, Junagadh" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Bhesan Police Station, Junagadh", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Bhesan Police Station, Junagadh" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Bhesan man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Bhesan man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143368892/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/64f4c34405580264ab46888d" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. replace 'complainant [name withheld] and his uncle' with 'the complainant and his uncle'. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "replace 'complainant [name withheld] and his uncle' with 'the complainant and his uncle'", "court_quote": "But in the present case, it is true that the accused persons were on duty but the acts of the accused persons to tonsure head, blacken the face and made to touch the toes of the complainant and victim and to conduct their procession in public place are all execrable acts not connected with their official duty.", "court_quote_para": "8.1", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Revision dismissed; 3 policemen's conviction for 2004 lock-up assault confirmed; surrender within 15 days.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "R/Criminal Revision Application No. 166 of 2022", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2023-08-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "R/Criminal Revision Application No. 166 of 2022", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143368892/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/64f4c34405580264ab46888d", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-62" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-24-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0031", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0134", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Undhela (Matar) Police Police Inspector and Ors. vs State of Gujarat and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Undhela (Matar) Police Police Inspector and Ors. vs State of Gujarat and Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Kheda", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Undhela (Matar)", "police_station_or_unit": "Matar Police Station / SOG, Kheda", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Undhela (Matar) Police Police Inspector and Ors. vs State of Gujarat and Ors.", "case_number": "R/Misc. Civil Application (for Contempt) No. 1067 of 2022", "citation": "Neutral Citation C/MCA/1067/2022", "judges": [ "A. S. Supehia", "Gita Gopi" ], "judgment_date": "2023-10-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2022-10-04", "incident_year": 2022, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "Contempt of Courts Act 1971" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Kheda (Matar / SOG)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.49, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Kheda (Matar / SOG)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.49, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Kheda" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Head Constable", "unit": "Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.45, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Head Constable, Kheda" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Kheda", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.52, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Kheda" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Undhela man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 5, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.04, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/67983953/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.barandbench.com/news/gujarat-high-court-finds-4-policemen-guilty-contempt-of-court-publicly-flogging-muslim-men" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court held four Kheda police personnel guilty of contempt for tying five detained men to a pole at Undhela village chowk on 4 October 2022 and publicly flogging them, in violation of the D. K. Basu guidelines. The Court found the men had been kept overnight at the SOG police station, beaten in public view in an act that was videographed and widely circulated, with arrest shown only that night. It rejected the unconditional apology and sentenced each contemner to 14 days' simple imprisonment with a Rs 2,000 fine. The sentence directions were stayed for three months to allow appeal.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court held four Kheda police personnel guilty of contempt for tying five detained men to a pole at Undhela village chowk on 4 October 2022 and publicly flogging them, in violation of the D. K. Basu guidelines. The Court found the men had been kept overnight at the SOG police station, beaten in public view in an act that was videographed and widely circulated, with arrest shown only that night. It rejected the unconditional apology and sentenced each contemner to 14 days' simple imprisonment with a Rs 2,000 fine. The sentence directions were stayed for three months to allow appeal; any Supreme Court stay thereafter could not be independently verified in this session.", "court_quote": "We have already discussed the inhuman acts committed by the respondents on the complainants by violating the law declared by the Supreme Court. Looking to the over all facts and the manner, in which the incident has occurred and in light of the service rendered by the respondents in the Police department, in our considered opinion, the interest of justice would be served if the respondents are ordered sentence of undergoing simple imprisonment of 14 days and fine of Rs.2,000/- and in default, further simple imprisonment of 3 days.", "court_quote_para": "32", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC contempt conviction verified (14 days SI + Rs 2,000 fine each); HC stayed sentence 3 months; reported SC stay unverified.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-10-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Neutral Citation C/MCA/1067/2022", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2024-01-23", "action_type": "Appeal pending", "status": "Pending", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "As of 23 January 2024, an appeal arising from this judgment was pending before the Supreme Court of India (officers: [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld]); the judgment's findings had not been set aside on that date.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Appeal pending", "source": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-kheda-flogging-high-court-contempt-sentence-stay-proceedings-247428", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2024-01-23", "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-kheda-flogging-high-court-contempt-sentence-stay-proceedings-247428", "outcome": "pending_appeal" } ], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/67983953/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/gujarat-high-court-finds-4-policemen-guilty-contempt-of-court-publicly-flogging-muslim-men", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0149", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Jamjodhpur Police Assistant Superintendent of Police (IPS) and others vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Jamjodhpur Police Assistant Superintendent of Police (IPS) and others vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Jamnagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Jamjodhpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Jamjodhpur Police Station, Jamnagar", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Jamjodhpur Police Assistant Superintendent of Police (IPS) and others vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Criminal Appeal Nos. 1472, 1276, 1343 and 1492 of 2019 with R/Criminal Appeal No. 1920 of 2019 (State)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Ashutosh Shastri", "Sandeep N. Bhatt" ], "judgment_date": "2024-01-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "1990-10-30", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 34", "IPC 114", "IPC 323", "IPC 506(1)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Superintendent of Police (IPS)", "unit": "Jamnagar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.08, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": "yes", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Superintendent of Police (IPS), Jamnagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Jamjodhpur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.07, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": "yes", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Jamjodhpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police officer", "unit": null, "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.94, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Police officer" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Dhrafa", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Dhrafa" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": null, "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": null, "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Jamjodhpur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Jamjodhpur" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Jamjodhpur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/136686420/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/gujarat-high-court-dismisses-ex-ips-officer-sanjiv-bhatt-appeal-conviction-life-term-1990-custodial-death-case-246264" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Gujarat High Court records the following account. consider replacing victim name with role noun per R43. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "consider replacing victim name with role noun per R43", "court_quote": "We are of the view that prosecution has proved case against respective accused / convicts and hence, no interference is required in the impugned judgment and order passed by the Ld. Trail Court.", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed all convict appeals (life for Bhatt/Zala confirmed) and dismissed State appeal vs partial acquittals.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "R/Criminal Appeal Nos. 1472, 1276, 1343 and 1492 of 2019 with R/Criminal Appeal No. 1920 of 2019 (State)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2024-01-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "R/Criminal Appeal Nos. 1472, 1276, 1343 and 1492 of 2019 with R/Criminal Appeal No. 1920 of 2019 (State)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2025-04-29", "action_type": "Appeal pending", "status": "Pending", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "As of 29 April 2025, an appeal arising from this judgment was pending before the Supreme Court of India (officers: [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld] [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld]); the judgment's findings had not been set aside on that date.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Appeal pending", "source": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-issues-notice-on-ex-ips-officer-sanjiv-bhatts-appeal-challenging-conviction-life-term-in-custodial-death-case-267748", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2025-04-29", "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-issues-notice-on-ex-ips-officer-sanjiv-bhatts-appeal-challenging-conviction-life-term-in-custodial-death-case-267748", "outcome": "pending_appeal" } ], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/136686420/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/gujarat-high-court-dismisses-ex-ips-officer-sanjiv-bhatt-appeal-conviction-life-term-1990-custodial-death-case-246264", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0015", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0137", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Surat Man vs Kamal Dayani and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Surat Man vs Kamal Dayani and Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Surat", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Surat", "police_station_or_unit": "Vesu Police Station, Surat", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Surat Man vs Kamal Dayani and Ors.", "case_number": "Contempt Petition (C) Diary No. 1106 of 2024 in SLP (Crl.) No. 14489 of 2023", "citation": null, "judges": [ "B.R. Gavai" ], "judgment_date": "2024-09-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2023-12-11", "incident_year": 2023, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_sc", "sections": [ "Contempt of Courts Act 1971" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Vesu Police Station, Surat", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Vesu Police Station, Surat" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Surat man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "fine", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/105450033/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-holds-police-inspector-judicial-magistrate-guilty-of-contempt-for-arrest-remand-of-accused-violating-sc-order-265959" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court held Police Inspector of Vesu police station, Surat, guilty of contempt for arresting Tusharbhai Shah on 11.12.2023 and obtaining his police-custody remand in defiance of the Court's subsisting interim anticipatory bail order dated 08.12.2023. By the guilt judgment dated 07.08.2024 the inspector and the remanding magistrate were both held guilty; the Court condemned the practice of seeking remand despite subsisting anticipatory bail. By the sentence order dated 02.09.2024 the magistrate's apology was accepted while the inspector was sentenced to a fine of Rs 25,000. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court held Police Inspector of Vesu police station, Surat, guilty of contempt for arresting Tusharbhai Shah on 11.12.2023 and obtaining his police-custody remand in defiance of the Court's subsisting interim anticipatory bail order dated 08.12.2023. By the guilt judgment dated 07.08.2024 the inspector and the remanding magistrate were both held guilty; the Court condemned the practice of seeking remand despite subsisting anticipatory bail. By the sentence order dated 02.09.2024 the magistrate's apology was accepted while the inspector was sentenced to a fine of Rs 25,000.", "court_quote": "Insofar as Shri [name withheld], Police Inspector, Vesu Police Station, Surat (Contemnor-respondent No.4) is concerned, we sentence him to pay fine in the sum of Rs.25,000/-, to be deposited in the Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association to be used for the purpose of Library within a period of one month from today.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC held PI [name withheld] guilty of contempt for arrest/remand in defiance of interim anticipatory bail; fined Rs 25,000.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-09-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Contempt Petition (C) Diary No. 1106 of 2024 in SLP (Crl.) No. 14489 of 2023", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/105450033/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-holds-police-inspector-judicial-magistrate-guilty-of-contempt-for-arrest-remand-of-accused-violating-sc-order-265959", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0135", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gujarat Railway Police Police Constable and others vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Railway Police Police Constable and others vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Panchmahal", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Godhra", "police_station_or_unit": "Gujarat Railway Police (Mobile Squad / Ahmedabad Railway Police Station)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Railway Police Police Constable and others vs State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application Nos. 25294 of 2007 with 13000 of 2008", "citation": "2025:GUJHC:24473", "judges": [ "Vaibhavi D. Nanavati" ], "judgment_date": "2025-04-24", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2002-02-27", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Bombay Police (Punishment and Appeal) Rules, 1956 r.3(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.91, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.22, "jev_p_culpable": 0.88, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.25, "jev_p_culpable": 0.88, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.23, "jev_p_culpable": 0.88, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gujarat Railway Police, Mobile Squad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Ahmedabad Railway Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear", "key2_gpt:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.29, "jev_p_culpable": 0.84, "key2_gpt": "unclear", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Ahmedabad Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ahmedabad Railway Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ahmedabad Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ahmedabad Railway Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ahmedabad Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ahmedabad Railway Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ahmedabad Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ahmedabad Railway Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ahmedabad Railway Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 9, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Godhra resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 58, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "railway", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/sca252942007gjhc240551872007192924042025-2025gujhc24473-598344.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/gujarat-high-court-godhra-train-burning-2002-dismissal-constables-291090", "https://lawbeat.in/amp/news-updates/sabarmati-burning-couldve-been-prevented-if-escort-cops-did-their-duty-gujarat-hc-1400183" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court upheld the removal from service of nine Gujarat Railway Police constables for abandoning escort duty on the Sabarmati Express on 26-27 February 2002. The Court found they made a false entry at Dahod that they were departing by that train but instead boarded the Shanti Express, leaving the A-category train without any police escort when coach S-6 was set ablaze at Godhra killing 58 people. It rejected the pleas of bias and disproportionality, holding the bogus entries and abandonment proved and the penalty consonant with the Bombay Police (Punishment and Appeal) Rules. Both petitions were dismissed on merits. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court upheld the removal from service of nine Gujarat Railway Police constables for abandoning escort duty on the Sabarmati Express on 26-27 February 2002. The Court found they made a false entry at Dahod that they were departing by that train but instead boarded the Shanti Express, leaving the A-category train without any police escort when coach S-6 was set ablaze at Godhra killing 58 people. It rejected the pleas of bias and disproportionality, holding the bogus entries and abandonment proved and the penalty consonant with the Bombay Police (Punishment and Appeal) Rules. Both petitions were dismissed on merits; officer full names follow the research agent as the order PDF was not text-extracted.", "court_quote": "If, the petitioners had departed in Sabarmati express train itself to reach Ahmedabad, the incident that have occurred at Godhra could have been prevented.", "court_quote_para": "16", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Removal of 9 railway constables upheld (Justice Nanavati, 24 Apr 2025); verified via detailed LiveLaw report quoting order.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-04-24", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2025:GUJHC:24473", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/sca252942007gjhc240551872007192924042025-2025gujhc24473-598344.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/gujarat-high-court-godhra-train-burning-2002-dismissal-constables-291090", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawbeat.in/amp/news-updates/sabarmati-burning-couldve-been-prevented-if-escort-cops-did-their-duty-gujarat-hc-1400183", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0015", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0148", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1461" ], "display_title": "Savarkundla Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Savarkundla Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Amreli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Savarkundla", "police_station_or_unit": "Savarkundla Town Police Station", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Savarkundla Police Police Sub-Inspector and others vs State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Criminal Appeal No. 1138 of 2000", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Gita Gopi" ], "judgment_date": "2025-08-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "1989-10-27", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 330", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Savarkundla Town Police Station, Amreli", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Savarkundla Town Police Station, Amreli" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 22, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Savarkundla man, age 22" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 7, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/191741402/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/gujarat-high-court/gujarat-high-court-custodial-death-1989-case-22-year-old-cop-conviction-300986", "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/cra11382000gjhc24031306200041314082025-615481.pdf" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal of deceased PSI of Savarkundla Town police station, continued by his legal heirs, upholding his conviction for the custodial death on 27.10.1989 of 22-year-old a Savarkundla man @ Bhoplo Waghri, picked up for interrogation in a theft complaint and beaten with sticks, kicks and fist blows to extort a confession, dying the same night with 23 external and 5 internal injuries. The Court held the custodial death proved by police records including the appellant's own Accident Death Report, rejected the parity plea based on the six acquitted policemen, and upheld 7 years RI under Section 304-II and 3 years RI under Section 330 with Rs 25,000 compensation to the victim's heirs realizable as arrears of land revenue. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal of deceased PSI of Savarkundla Town police station, continued by his legal heirs, upholding his conviction for the custodial death on 27.10.1989 of 22-year-old a Savarkundla man @ Bhoplo Waghri, picked up for interrogation in a theft complaint and beaten with sticks, kicks and fist blows to extort a confession, dying the same night with 23 external and 5 internal injuries. The Court held the custodial death proved by police records including the appellant's own Accident Death Report, rejected the parity plea based on the six acquitted policemen, and upheld 7 years RI under Section 304-II and 3 years RI under Section 330 with Rs 25,000 compensation to the victim's heirs realizable as arrears of land revenue.", "court_quote": "It was not a crime buried with the grave, but was in police custody, where every police becomes answerable to the public for his custodial torture.", "court_quote_para": "103", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed appeal (via deceased PSI's heirs) and upheld 7y RI for 1989 custodial death; Rs 25,000 to victim heirs.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "R/Criminal Appeal No. 1138 of 2000", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2025-08-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "R/Criminal Appeal No. 1138 of 2000", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/191741402/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/gujarat-high-court/gujarat-high-court-custodial-death-1989-case-22-year-old-cop-conviction-300986", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/cra11382000gjhc24031306200041314082025-615481.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-39", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-021", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0023", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0138", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1480" ], "display_title": "Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol v. State of Gujarat", "display_title_redacted": "Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol v. State of Gujarat", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Ahmedabad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ahmedabad", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol v. State of Gujarat", "case_number": "R/Criminal Revision Application No. 424 of 2011", "citation": "2025:GUJHC:57972", "judges": [ "R.T. Vachhani" ], "judgment_date": "2025-10-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2003-12-14", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "Bombay Prohibition Act 1949 s.66(1)(b)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol", "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Gujarat Police", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.04, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": "yes", "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol", "display": "Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol (Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.25, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/gujarat-high-court/gujarat-high-court-intoxication-duty-public-trust-integrity-conviction-police-constable-305912", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/gujarat-high-court/mahendrasinh-balusinh-raol-v-state-of-gujarat-2025gujhc57972-intoxicated-on-duty-integrity-police-personnel-constable-conviction-1593558", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/68df73a0e5b2aa37aa85803f", "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/mahendrasinh-balusinh-raol-vs-state-of-gujarat-624254.pdf" ], "summary": "Police constable Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol was found intoxicated while on point duty at Pirana Toll Naka, Ahmedabad, on 14 December 2003, with blood alcohol of 0.0945% w/v against the 0.05% limit. A Metropolitan Magistrate convicted him under Section 66(1)(b) of the Bombay Prohibition Act, 1949 (three months' simple imprisonment and Rs.500 fine) in February 2010, and the Sessions Court dismissed his appeal in 2011. The Gujarat High Court held the FSL chain and Blood Test Rules complied with and that the acquittal under Section 85(1)(3) did not affect the Section 66(1)(b) conviction. Dismissing the revision, the Court held on-duty intoxication by a policeman a grave misconduct, refused probation or sentence reduction, and ordered surrender within two weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Police constable Mahendrasinh Balusinh Raol was found intoxicated while on point duty at Pirana Toll Naka, Ahmedabad, on 14 December 2003, with blood alcohol of 0.0945% w/v against the 0.05% limit. A Metropolitan Magistrate convicted him under Section 66(1)(b) of the Bombay Prohibition Act, 1949 (three months' simple imprisonment and Rs.500 fine) in February 2010, and the Sessions Court dismissed his appeal in 2011. The Gujarat High Court held the FSL chain and Blood Test Rules complied with and that the acquittal under Section 85(1)(3) did not affect the Section 66(1)(b) conviction. Dismissing the revision, the Court held on-duty intoxication by a policeman a grave misconduct, refused probation or sentence reduction, and ordered surrender within two weeks.", "court_quote": "Police officers enjoy certain protections; however, they are not above the law. Being found intoxicated while on duty, undermines the integrity and efficiency of police personnel and, otherwise damages and erodes public trust in law enforcement agencies.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC dismissed revision, upheld constable's Prohibition Act conviction for on-duty intoxication.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Gujarat High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2025:GUJHC:57972", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2025-10-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2025:GUJHC:57972", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/gujarat-high-court/gujarat-high-court-intoxication-duty-public-trust-integrity-conviction-police-constable-305912", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/gujarat-high-court/mahendrasinh-balusinh-raol-v-state-of-gujarat-2025gujhc57972-intoxicated-on-duty-integrity-police-personnel-constable-conviction-1593558", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/68df73a0e5b2aa37aa85803f", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/mahendrasinh-balusinh-raol-vs-state-of-gujarat-624254.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-46", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "GUJARA-009", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0152", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0506" ], "display_title": "Gujarat Police Police Constable v. State of Gujarat & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Gujarat Police Police Constable v. State of Gujarat & Ors.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Tapi", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vyara", "police_station_or_unit": "Tapi ACB Police Station / Tapi, Gujarat Police (ACB C.R. No. I-4/2010)", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "Gujarat High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gujarat Police Police Constable v. State of Gujarat & Ors.", "case_number": "R/Special Civil Application No. 7162 of 2022", "citation": "2026:GUJHC:20681; 2026 LiveLaw (Guj) 99", "judges": [ "Maulik J. Shelat" ], "judgment_date": "2026-03-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2010-08-12", "incident_year": 2010, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.12", "PC Act 1988 s.13", "Constitution Art. 311", "Bombay Police (Punishment & Appeal) Rules 1956 r.3" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gujarat Police (appointed 30.04.2001)", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.08, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gujarat Police (appointed 30.04.2001)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/03/23/2-663297.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/gujarat-high-court/gujarat-high-court-police-constable-dismissal-corruption-case-527557", "https://courtbook.in/posts/gujarat-hc-dismissal-without-notice-corruption-case", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/85005193/" ], "summary": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the writ petition of Police Constable, upholding his dismissal from service on 19 July 2019 following his conviction on 30 April 2019 by the Additional (Ad-hoc) Sessions Judge, Tapi at Vyara in ACB Case CR No.I-4/2010 under Sections 7, 12 and 13 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Court held that no show-cause notice or hearing was required before dismissal on conviction, applying the second proviso to Article 311(2) and the Constitution Bench ruling in Union of India v. Tulsiram Patel. It noted his criminal appeal (No.1080/2019) was admitted but only the sentence, not the conviction, had been suspended. Since his conduct led to conviction under the 1988 Act, the dismissal suffered from no error of law. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Gujarat High Court dismissed the writ petition of Police Constable, upholding his dismissal from service on 19 July 2019 following his conviction on 30 April 2019 by the Additional (Ad-hoc) Sessions Judge, Tapi at Vyara in ACB Case CR No.I-4/2010 under Sections 7, 12 and 13 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Court held that no show-cause notice or hearing was required before dismissal on conviction, applying the second proviso to Article 311(2) and the Constitution Bench ruling in Union of India v. Tulsiram Patel. It noted his criminal appeal (No.1080/2019) was admitted but only the sentence, not the conviction, had been suspended. Since his conduct led to conviction under the 1988 Act, the dismissal suffered from no error of law.", "court_quote": "Since the conduct of the petitioner lead to his conviction under the Act, 1988, in the aforesaid ACB case, the impugned order dismissing him from service suffers from no error of law.", "court_quote_para": "16.1", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Gujarat HC judgment PDF verified; dismissal after PC Act conviction upheld under Art.311(2) proviso.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-03-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Gujarat High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Gujarat High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2026:GUJHC:20681; 2026 LiveLaw (Guj) 99", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/03/23/2-663297.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/gujarat-high-court/gujarat-high-court-police-constable-dismissal-corruption-case-527557", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://courtbook.in/posts/gujarat-hc-dismissal-without-notice-corruption-case", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/85005193/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-04", "chunk-31", "chunk-38", "chunk-r03" ], "merged_case_id": "SWBRIBER-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0104", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1394", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Rajkot Man vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Rajkot Man vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "state": "Gujarat", "district": "Rajkot", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Rajkot", "police_station_or_unit": "Pradhyumannagar Police Station, Rajkot", "court": "Gujarat High Court", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Gujarat", "bench": null, "case_title": "Rajkot Man vs State of Gujarat & Anr.", "case_number": "R/Special Criminal Application (Direction) No. 9593 of 2024", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M. K. Thakker" ], "judgment_date": "2026-09-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2023-03-25", "incident_year": 2023, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973", "Section 176 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973", "Article 226 of the Constitution of India" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Officer-in-charge", "unit": "Pradhyumannagar Police Station, Rajkot", "role": "named_in_finding", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Officer-in-charge, Pradhyumannagar Police Station, Rajkot" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Rajkot man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/174018341/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court recorded that a Joint Director General of Foreign Trade at Rajkot, arrested by the CBI in a bribery trap on 24.03.2023, was kept in his office overnight while the post-trap panchnama continued, and died on the morning of 25.03.2023 after, as a CBI constable reported, jumping from a window. Rajkot's Pradhyumannagar police registered only an accidental-death inquiry; an SIT found the CBI officers had not taken proper care but were not involved in the death, and a judicial inquiry under Section 176 CrPC found they had caused no harm. His family sought an FIR alleging murder. On 28.09.2026 the High Court held that, instead of registering an FIR or treating the family's complaint as a private complaint, the police had folded it into the Section 176 inquiry, contrary to the Supreme Court's ruling in Lalita Kumari. It directed registration of an FIR against an unknown person and further investigation under the supervision of the DIG, CID Crime, with a report within three months.", "summary_verified": "The High Court recorded that a Joint Director General of Foreign Trade at Rajkot, arrested by the CBI in a bribery trap on 24.03.2023, was kept in his office overnight while the post-trap panchnama continued, and died on the morning of 25.03.2023 after, as a CBI constable reported, jumping from a window. Rajkot's Pradhyumannagar police registered only an accidental-death inquiry; an SIT found the CBI officers had not taken proper care but were not involved in the death, and a judicial inquiry under Section 176 CrPC found they had caused no harm. His family sought an FIR alleging murder. On 28.09.2026 the High Court held that, instead of registering an FIR or treating the family's complaint as a private complaint, the police had folded it into the Section 176 inquiry, contrary to the Supreme Court's ruling in Lalita Kumari. It directed registration of an FIR against an unknown person and further investigation under the supervision of the DIG, CID Crime, with a report within three months.", "court_quote": "instead of taking appropriate action, either by registering an FIR or by treating the same as a private complaint, the said complaint was made a part of the inquiry conducted under Section 176 of the Code of Criminal Procedure", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Checked against the Gujarat High Court judgment dated 28.09.2026 (Indian Kanoon). The custody timeline is at paras 2.1-2.3, the SIT and judicial-inquiry conclusions at paras 2.5-2.6, the finding on non-registration at para 12, and the direction for an FIR and DIG-supervised investigation at para 17. The court made no finding that any officer caused the death; the SIT and the judicial inquiry had found no CBI involvement. Names of the deceased, his family and the officers are withheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Court finding", "position_explainer": "A court has made a finding on this allegation.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-09-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Gujarat", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court held the police had not registered an FIR on the family's complaint about a death in CBI custody and had folded it into the Section 176 inquiry; it directed an FIR against an unknown person and investigation under the supervision of the DIG, CID Crime, with a report in three months.", "disposition": "Adverse finding (failure to register FIR in a custodial death) · FIR and supervised investigation directed · no compensation", "source": "R/SCR.A/9593/2024", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-10-05", "scope": "Copwatch convictions sweep (5 Oct): record written from the judgment text on Indian Kanoon; quote checked verbatim; no personal finding against any officer is claimed." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-10-05", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/174018341/", "link_checked": "2026-10-05" } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "claude-opus-5.5-week-1005" ], "merged_case_id": null, "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" } ] }