{ "state": "Tamil Nadu", "slug": "tamil-nadu", "count": 124, "url": "https://datalibertarian.in/babuwatch/state/tamil-nadu", "cases": [ { "record_id": "CW-1964-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1094", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The State of Madras vs Madras State Police Inspector of Police", "display_title_redacted": "The State of Madras vs Madras State Police Inspector of Police", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tirupathur", "district_at_time": "North Arcot", "city_town": "Vaniyambadi", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "The State of Madras vs Madras State Police Inspector of Police", "case_number": "Civil Appeal No. 400 of 1964", "citation": "AIR 1965 SC 1103", "judges": [ "P. B. Gajendragadkar", "Raghubar Dayal", "M. Hidayatullah", "K. N. Wanchoo", "J. R. Mudholkar" ], "judgment_date": "1964-10-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1964, "incident_date": "1951-08-30", "incident_year": 1951, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Madras District Police Act 1859 s.10", "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 311", "Madras Civil Services (Disciplinary Proceedings Tribunal) Rules 1948" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Madras State Police, Vaniyambadi", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Madras State Police, Vaniyambadi" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vaniyambadi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/643602/the-state-of-madras-appellant-hash-g-sundaram-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1880253/" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court on 9 October 1964 allowed the State appeal and restored the compulsory retirement of Inspector of the Madras State Police. The Court recorded that he demanded Rs. 1,000 from a Vaniyambadi man under threat of a perjury prosecution and received Rs. 750 at his Vaniyambadi house on 4 September 1951 in an arranged trap, besides receiving presents from subordinate officers. A Tribunal found the charges proved and recommended dismissal; the Government instead compulsorily retired him in June 1953, which the High Court quashed. The Court held the High Court under Article 226 could not sit in appeal over Tribunal findings supported by evidence, and restored the 1953 order.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court on 9 October 1964 allowed the State appeal and restored the compulsory retirement of Inspector of the Madras State Police. The Court recorded that he demanded Rs. 1,000 from a Vaniyambadi man under threat of a perjury prosecution and received Rs. 750 at his Vaniyambadi house on 4 September 1951 in an arranged trap, besides receiving presents from subordinate officers. A Tribunal found the charges proved and recommended dismissal; the Government instead compulsorily retired him in June 1953, which the High Court quashed. The Court held the High Court under Article 226 could not sit in appeal over Tribunal findings supported by evidence, and restored the 1953 order.", "court_quote": "We are, therefore, of opinion that the High Court was in error in quashing the order of the State Government retiring the respondent compulsorily on the ground that the evidence during the inquiry proceedings by the Tribunal was not sufficient to establish the charges against him beyond reasonable doubt. We accordingly allow the appeal, set aside the order of the Court below and restore the order of Government, dated June 25, 1953, ordering the compulsory retirement of the respondent from service.", "court_quote_para": "20", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC restored compulsory retirement of Inspector caught in Rs.750 bribe trap.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1964-10-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "AIR 1965 SC 1103", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/643602/the-state-of-madras-appellant-hash-g-sundaram-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1880253/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-97" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-127-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1992-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0826", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Keelamangalam Man vs The State", "display_title_redacted": "Keelamangalam Man vs The State", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Krishnagiri", "district_at_time": "Dharmapuri", "city_town": "Keelamangalam", "police_station_or_unit": "Keelamangalam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Keelamangalam Man vs The State", "case_number": "Crl.M.P. No. 15045 of 1989", "citation": "1993 Cri LJ 3646", "judges": [], "judgment_date": "1992-02-24", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1992, "incident_date": "1986-12-30", "incident_year": 1986, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "CrPC 173" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "unit": "Keelamangalam Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, Keelamangalam Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Dharmapuri District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Superintendent of Police, Dharmapuri District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "unit": "Dharmapuri District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, Dharmapuri District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Keelamangalam Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Keelamangalam Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Keelamangalam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 20000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/524182/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court disposed of the petition of a Keelamangalam man, a primary-school teacher and accused No. 11 in Crime No. 156 of 1986, who remained under interim suspension for over six years because investigating officers never filed a final report and disobeyed two earlier High Court orders. The court recorded that Inspector retained the case diary for years, SP and Inspector failed to act, and SI closed a connected case, violating the petitioner's Article 21 rights. Holding the State bound to compensate, the court awarded Rs.20,000 payable within six weeks (recoverable from erring officials), vacated the stay and directed the charge-sheet within ten days, while dropping contempt. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court disposed of the petition of a Keelamangalam man, a primary-school teacher and accused No. 11 in Crime No. 156 of 1986, who remained under interim suspension for over six years because investigating officers never filed a final report and disobeyed two earlier High Court orders. The court recorded that Inspector retained the case diary for years, SP and Inspector failed to act, and SI closed a connected case, violating the petitioner's Article 21 rights. Holding the State bound to compensate, the court awarded Rs.20,000 payable within six weeks (recoverable from erring officials), vacated the stay and directed the charge-sheet within ten days, while dropping contempt.", "court_quote": "The State is bound to compensate the petitioner. It cannot evade its responsibility, on the ground, that the acts done by the officials were individual wrongs or misdeeds.", "court_quote_para": "18-C", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Petition disposed; Rs.20,000 for 6-year investigative inaction violating Article 21; charge-sheet in 10 days.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1992-02-24", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 20,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1993 Cri LJ 3646", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/524182/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-37-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1994-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0827", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kammapuram Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "display_title_redacted": "Kammapuram Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": "South Arcot", "city_town": "Kammapuram", "police_station_or_unit": "Kammapuram Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Kammapuram Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "case_number": "H.C.P. No. 711 of 1993", "citation": "1994 (2) LW (Crl) 680", "judges": [ "Shivaraj Patil", "Mishra" ], "judgment_date": "1994-08-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1994, "incident_date": "1993-03-20", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 218", "IPC 220", "IPC 302", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Kammapuram Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Kammapuram Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Kammapuram Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Kammapuram Police Station" } ], "officer_count": null, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kammapuram man", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Kammapuram woman", "name": null }, { "age": 25, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kammapuram man, age 25", "name": null }, { "age": 13, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kammapuram boy, age 13", "name": null }, { "age": 55, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kammapuram man, age 55", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Kammapuram resident", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Kammapuram resident", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Kammapuram resident", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Kammapuram resident", "name": null }, { "age": 10, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Kammapuram girl, age 10", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a woman" }, { "age": 25, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a man" }, { "age": 13, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 13-year-old boy" }, { "age": 55, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a man" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "a person" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "a person" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "a person" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "a person" }, { "age": 10, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a 10-year-old girl" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 10, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 260000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/60879/in-the-matter-of-rajakannu-husband-of-the-petitioner-herein-r-parvathi-appellant-hash-state-of-t/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?CaseId=214991431100" ], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court allowed the habeas corpus petition of a woman, a Kurava (as stated in the judgment) daily-wage labourer, whose family was rounded up on 20 March 1993 by SI of Kammapuram police station... [rest of summary unchanged]. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court allowed the habeas corpus petition of a woman, a Kurava (as stated in the judgment) daily-wage labourer, whose family was rounded up on 20 March 1993 by SI of Kammapuram police station... [rest of summary unchanged]", "court_quote": "Instead of the body of the petitioner's husband alive, brought before the court, the information received is that he has been done to death by the fourth respondent and his men.", "court_quote_para": "17", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HCP allowed; custodial death by named SI and men; Rs.2.6 lakh scheme; CB-CID report sent for prosecution.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1994-08-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 260,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1994 (2) LW (Crl) 680", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/60879/in-the-matter-of-rajakannu-husband-of-the-petitioner-herein-r-parvathi-appellant-hash-state-of-t/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?CaseId=214991431100", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-37-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1994-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0825", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pudupet Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "display_title_redacted": "Pudupet Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tirupattur", "district_at_time": "North Arcot", "city_town": "Pudupet", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pudupet Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "case_number": "W.P. No. 2470 of 1984", "citation": "1994 (2) LW (Crl) 687", "judges": [ "Mishra" ], "judgment_date": "1994-08-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1994, "incident_date": "1977-01-11", "incident_year": 1977, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Thirupathur Taluk police, North Arcot district", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Thirupathur Taluk police, North Arcot district" } ], "officer_count": null, "victims": [ { "age": 21, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pudupet man, age 21" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/11808/baggiam-doraiswamy-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56e12dc0607dba3896622c56" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court (Mishra, J.) allowed the writ petition of Baggiam Doraiswamy, whose 21-year-old son [name withheld], an automobile mechanic branded a naxalite on landlords' complaints, was produced by his own parents before the police on 25 November 1976 and killed on 11 January 1977 at Nainathiyur village near Pudupet. The court rejected the police encounter story, accepting the Sub-Collector's inquest and the Board of Revenue Member's findings that policemen brutally beat a Pudupet man after capture, concealed facts, filed a false complaint and burnt the body. Holding policemen alone responsible for the death and the criminal acquittal no bar, the court directed the State to pay Rs.1,00,000, retained and invested so as to yield the petitioner not less than Rs.1,000 per month for life. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (Mishra, J.) allowed the writ petition of Baggiam Doraiswamy, whose 21-year-old son [name withheld], an automobile mechanic branded a naxalite on landlords' complaints, was produced by his own parents before the police on 25 November 1976 and killed on 11 January 1977 at Nainathiyur village near Pudupet. The court rejected the police encounter story, accepting the Sub-Collector's inquest and the Board of Revenue Member's findings that policemen brutally beat a Pudupet man after capture, concealed facts, filed a false complaint and burnt the body. Holding policemen alone responsible for the death and the criminal acquittal no bar, the court directed the State to pay Rs.1,00,000, retained and invested so as to yield the petitioner not less than Rs.1,000 per month for life.", "court_quote": "On an independent assessment of the facts as aforementioned, which are not in controversy, I have no hesitation in holding that the petitioner has made out a positive case of assault upon her son by the police and that policemen alone are responsible for this death.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Writ allowed; police alone held responsible for custodial killing; Rs.1 lakh invested for monthly maintenance.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1994-08-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1994 (2) LW (Crl) 687", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/11808/baggiam-doraiswamy-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56e12dc0607dba3896622c56", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-37-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1996-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0470", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Theni Man v. The Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Theni Man v. The Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Theni", "district_at_time": "Madurai", "city_town": "Theni", "police_station_or_unit": "Narcotics Intelligence Bureau office, Theni", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Theni Man v. The Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 7925 of 1995", "citation": "1996(2) CTC 478", "judges": [ "Kanakaraj" ], "judgment_date": "1996-08-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1996, "incident_date": "1995-04-05", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Madras", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.73, "jev_p_culpable": 0.58, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Madras" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Madras", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.82, "jev_p_culpable": 0.53, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Madras" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 37, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Theni man, age 37" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1818499/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Justice Kanakaraj held that a Theni man died in the custody of Narcotics Intelligence Bureau officials at Theni and awarded his widow Rs 1 lakh interim compensation (Rs 25,000 immediate, Rs 75,000 in bank deposit), adjustable against regular compensation. A Theni man was detained on 5 April 1995, taken to the NIB office at Theni, chained and tortured while relatives heard his cries. The Sub-Collector/Collector enquiry under PSO 145 rejected the police version and the Government directed prosecution of Inspector and ASI. The Court held the widow entitled to compensation without waiting for the outcome of that prosecution. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Justice Kanakaraj held that a Theni man died in the custody of Narcotics Intelligence Bureau officials at Theni and awarded his widow Rs 1 lakh interim compensation (Rs 25,000 immediate, Rs 75,000 in bank deposit), adjustable against regular compensation. A Theni man was detained on 5 April 1995, taken to the NIB office at Theni, chained and tortured while relatives heard his cries. The Sub-Collector/Collector enquiry under PSO 145 rejected the police version and the Government directed prosecution of Inspector and ASI. The Court held the widow entitled to compensation without waiting for the outcome of that prosecution.", "court_quote": "It is a matter of grave violation of human rights and one should take pride in upholding the right of a citizen in this country.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC held NIB custodial death of a Theni man; Rs 1 lakh interim compensation; prosecution of 2 officers directed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1996-08-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1996(2) CTC 478", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1818499/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-47" ], "merged_case_id": "SOUTH-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1997-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1098", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Director General of Police and Others vs Tamil Nadu Police personnel", "display_title_redacted": "Director General of Police and Others vs Tamil Nadu Police personnel", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Director General of Police and Others vs Tamil Nadu Police personnel", "case_number": "Civil Appeal No. 4588 of 1995", "citation": "(1998) 9 SCC 490", "judges": [ "V. N. Khare", "K. Venkataswami" ], "judgment_date": "1997-08-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1997, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Tamil Nadu Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Tamil Nadu Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/676941/director-general-of-police-and-others-appellant-hash-r-janibasha-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1742573/" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court on 5 August 1997 set aside the Tribunal order and restored the dismissal order passed by the disciplinary authority against [name withheld] (bribe demand/acceptance charge), holding the Tribunal exceeded jurisdiction by reappreciating evidence; the appellate authority's reduction to compulsory retirement does not survive the restoration of the disciplinary authority's dismissal order. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court on 5 August 1997 set aside the Tribunal order and restored the dismissal order passed by the disciplinary authority against [name withheld] (bribe demand/acceptance charge), holding the Tribunal exceeded jurisdiction by reappreciating evidence; the appellate authority's reduction to compulsory retirement does not survive the restoration of the disciplinary authority's dismissal order.", "court_quote": "We find from the order of the disciplinary authority the charge was that the respondent had demanded and accepted the bribe, but the only discrepancy pointed out in the evidence was regarding the date, time and amount. This has been noticed by the disciplinary authority and it has given acceptable reasons for ignoring those discrepancies.", "court_quote_para": "3", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC restored compulsory retirement; Tribunal could not re-appreciate bribe evidence.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1997-08-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(1998) 9 SCC 490", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/676941/director-general-of-police-and-others-appellant-hash-r-janibasha-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1742573/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-97" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-127-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1998-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1100", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Director General of Police and Others vs Tamil Nadu Police Police Constable", "display_title_redacted": "Director General of Police and Others vs Tamil Nadu Police Police Constable", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kanyakumari", "district_at_time": "Tirunelveli", "city_town": "Nagercoil", "police_station_or_unit": "Crime detection party, Kanyakumari District", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Director General of Police and Others vs Tamil Nadu Police Police Constable", "case_number": null, "citation": "(1998) 2 SCC 407; AIR 1998 SC 2265", "judges": [ "S. C. Agrawal", "K. Venkataswami", "A. P. Misra" ], "judgment_date": "1998-01-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1998, "incident_date": "1983-05-28", "incident_year": 1983, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory_display": "extortion", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Crime detection party, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime detection party, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Nagercoil man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=1998/january/37.php", "secondary_sources": [ "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/641558/director-general-police-vs-g-dasayan" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court on 28 January 1998 sustained a major penalty against constable of a Kanyakumari crime detection party for extorting 31 grams of gold jewels from jeweller a Nagercoil man under coercion on 28 May 1983, with related charges of off-record detention and misappropriation of seized property. He was dismissed in April 1987, upheld on appeal and review, but the Tamil Nadu Administrative Tribunal set the dismissal aside on enquiry-report, competency and parity grounds. The Court rejected the first two grounds but applied parity with a co-delinquent Head Constable, substituting compulsory retirement for dismissal to meet the ends of justice. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court on 28 January 1998 sustained a major penalty against constable of a Kanyakumari crime detection party for extorting 31 grams of gold jewels from jeweller a Nagercoil man under coercion on 28 May 1983, with related charges of off-record detention and misappropriation of seized property. He was dismissed in April 1987, upheld on appeal and review, but the Tamil Nadu Administrative Tribunal set the dismissal aside on enquiry-report, competency and parity grounds. The Court rejected the first two grounds but applied parity with a co-delinquent Head Constable, substituting compulsory retirement for dismissal to meet the ends of justice.", "court_quote": "a punishment of compulsory retirement in the case of the respondent as well would meet the ends of justice on the facts and circumstances of this case.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC sustained major penalty (compulsory retirement) for gold extortion by constable.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1998-01-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(1998) 2 SCC 407; AIR 1998 SC 2265", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=1998/january/37.php", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/641558/director-general-police-vs-g-dasayan", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-97" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-127-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1998-0011", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0824", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Vaiyampatti Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Vaiyampatti Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruchirappalli", "district_at_time": "Trichy", "city_town": "Vaiyampatti", "police_station_or_unit": "Vaiyampatti Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Vaiyampatti Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 10 of 1990", "citation": "1998(3) CTC 628", "judges": [ "P. Sathasivam" ], "judgment_date": "1998-09-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1998, "incident_date": "1989-12-13", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 340", "IPC 343", "IPC 321" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector (Crime)", "unit": "Manapparai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector (Crime), Manapparai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector (Law & Order)", "unit": "Vaiyampatti Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector (Law & Order), Vaiyampatti Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade I Police Constable 1682", "unit": "Vaiyampatti Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade I Police Constable 1682, Vaiyampatti Police Station" } ], "officer_count": null, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Vaiyampatti man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Vaiyampatti man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 11, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 245000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/906606/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/38215/r-nandakumar-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-2-others/" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court (P. Sathasivam, J.) allowed a public interest writ petition over the events of 13 December 1989 at Vaiyampatti, where a Vaiyampatti man, picked up for interrogation in a theft complaint, was found hanging from a tree inside the police station premises, and police firing on the protesting mob killed a Vaiyampatti man and injured nine others. The court held that the Vaiyampatti police officers alone were responsible for a Vaiyampatti man's custodial death, noting the Sub-Collector's enquiry and the Sessions Judge's observations. While accepting that the police firing itself was justified, the court enhanced the ex gratia relief, awarding Rs.1,00,000 to a Vaiyampatti man's widow, Rs.50,000 each to a Vaiyampatti man's parents, Rs.5,000 each to the nine injured, and Rs.1,000 costs, all payable within four weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (P. Sathasivam, J.) allowed a public interest writ petition over the events of 13 December 1989 at Vaiyampatti, where a Vaiyampatti man, picked up for interrogation in a theft complaint, was found hanging from a tree inside the police station premises, and police firing on the protesting mob killed a Vaiyampatti man and injured nine others. The court held that the Vaiyampatti police officers alone were responsible for a Vaiyampatti man's custodial death, noting the Sub-Collector's enquiry and the Sessions Judge's observations. While accepting that the police firing itself was justified, the court enhanced the ex gratia relief, awarding Rs.1,00,000 to a Vaiyampatti man's widow, Rs.50,000 each to a Vaiyampatti man's parents, Rs.5,000 each to the nine injured, and Rs.1,000 costs, all payable within four weeks.", "court_quote": "The fact remains that the Police Officers concerned in that Police Station were alone responsible for the death of a Vaiyampatti man", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "PIL allowed; police held solely responsible for custodial death; Rs.2.45 lakh total compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1998-09-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 245,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1998(3) CTC 628", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/906606/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/38215/r-nandakumar-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-2-others/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-37-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1998-0012", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0823", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Tiruttani Woman vs Government of Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Tiruttani Woman vs Government of Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruvallur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Tiruttani", "police_station_or_unit": "Pallipet Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Tiruttani Woman vs Government of Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "case_number": null, "citation": "1999 Cri LJ 1915", "judges": [ "N.K. Jain" ], "judgment_date": "1998-11-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1998, "incident_date": "1998-05-24", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 498A" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Pallipet Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:unclear", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "unclear", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Pallipet Police Station" } ], "officer_count": null, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Tiruttani man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Tiruttani man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1578452/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court (N.K. Jain, J.) allowed a mother's habeas corpus petition for her two sons, a Tiruttani man and a Tiruttani man, arrested on 24 May 1998 in a Pallipet murder case (Cr. No. 216/1998) after a half-burnt body was found. The court found that even after the supposed victim [name withheld] was found alive at Tirupati and stated under s.164 CrPC that the detenus were not responsible, police inaction kept the brothers in the Tiruvellore sub-jail. Holding their personal liberty was deprived by the carelessness, inaction and unfair investigation of the police, the court set the detenus at liberty and directed the State to pay Rs.50,000 to each of them directly within two months. The State was left free to take action against the officers concerned. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (N.K. Jain, J.) allowed a mother's habeas corpus petition for her two sons, a Tiruttani man and a Tiruttani man, arrested on 24 May 1998 in a Pallipet murder case (Cr. No. 216/1998) after a half-burnt body was found. The court found that even after the supposed victim [name withheld] was found alive at Tirupati and stated under s.164 CrPC that the detenus were not responsible, police inaction kept the brothers in the Tiruvellore sub-jail. Holding their personal liberty was deprived by the carelessness, inaction and unfair investigation of the police, the court set the detenus at liberty and directed the State to pay Rs.50,000 to each of them directly within two months. The State was left free to take action against the officers concerned.", "court_quote": "On considering the overall facts and the legal position, we are fully convinced that this is a fit case where personal liberty of two persons, has been deprived of by the carelessness, inaction and unfair investigation of the police, which cannot be said to be bona fide even no bias has been pleaded.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HCP allowed; Rs.50,000 each to two detenus for unfair investigation and prolonged illegal custody.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1998-11-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1999 Cri LJ 1915", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1578452/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-37-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1999-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0374", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Budalur Man and Others vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Budalur Man and Others vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Thanjavur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Budalur", "police_station_or_unit": "Budalur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Budalur Man and Others vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 1966 of 1992", "citation": "(2000) 1 LW(Cri) 96", "judges": [ "P.D. Dinakaran, J." ], "judgment_date": "1999-04-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1999, "incident_date": "1981-06-11", "incident_year": 1981, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 342", "Constitution of India Article 21", "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": "Budalur Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.41, "jev_p_culpable": 0.62, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Budalur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Budalur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/62038/d-ranganayagi-and-others-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court awarded Rs 5,00,000 as public law compensation to the widow and four children of a Budalur man, who died under police custody at Budalur Police Station in Thanjavur district on 11.06.1981. An enquiry by the Revenue Divisional Officer concluded that the deceased was killed in custody and held all five on-duty police personnel responsible. While the trial court initially acquitted them, the High Court on State appeal convicted all five police personnel under Section 342 IPC for wrongful confinement on 11.05.1991. Justice P.D. Dinakaran held that custodial death constitutes a grave infraction of Article 21 and rejected the State's plea of delay, ordering the payment of Rs 5 lakh in equal shares to the dependents alongside a recommendation for compassionate public employment. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court awarded Rs 5,00,000 as public law compensation to the widow and four children of a Budalur man, who died under police custody at Budalur Police Station in Thanjavur district on 11.06.1981. An enquiry by the Revenue Divisional Officer concluded that the deceased was killed in custody and held all five on-duty police personnel responsible. While the trial court initially acquitted them, the High Court on State appeal convicted all five police personnel under Section 342 IPC for wrongful confinement on 11.05.1991. Justice P.D. Dinakaran held that custodial death constitutes a grave infraction of Article 21 and rejected the State's plea of delay, ordering the payment of Rs 5 lakh in equal shares to the dependents alongside a recommendation for compassionate public employment.", "court_quote": "The case in hand is in no way different from the facts and circumstances of the cases of custodial deaths referred to above as admittedly it is found by this Court that the said Dorairaj died when he was in police custody.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court awarded Rs 5 lakh compensation for custodial death of a Budalur man at Budalur PS, noting police were convicted under IPC 342.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1999-04-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2000) 1 LW(Cri) 96", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/62038/d-ranganayagi-and-others-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2000-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0517", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Thanjavur Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Thanjavur Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Thanjavur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Thanjavur", "police_station_or_unit": "South Town Police Station area, Thanjavur (Cr. No. 716/1990)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Thanjavur Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": null, "citation": "2000 Cri LJ 4459", "judges": [ "Y. Venkatachalam" ], "judgment_date": "2000-03-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2000, "incident_date": "1990-11-22", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory_display": "disproportionate force", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Prohibition raid party, South Town Police Station area, Thanjavur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.73, "jev_p_culpable": 0.29, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Prohibition raid party, South Town Police Station area, Thanjavur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Thanjavur woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1897316/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court held the State liable for the death of a Thanjavur woman at Burmah Colony, Thanjavur, during a prohibition raid on 22 November 1990, when Police Constable 902 [name withheld], while dragging men into a police van and beating people at sight, rudely pushed her to the ground as she intervened for her relative the defence that she died of pre-existing heart disease, the Court held causation was for a criminal trial. Allowing the writ in part, the Court awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation within three months and directed forthwith criminal prosecution plus an expedited departmental enquiry against the constable. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court held the State liable for the death of a Thanjavur woman at Burmah Colony, Thanjavur, during a prohibition raid on 22 November 1990, when Police Constable 902 [name withheld], while dragging men into a police van and beating people at sight, rudely pushed her to the ground as she intervened for her relative the defence that she died of pre-existing heart disease, the Court held causation was for a criminal trial. Allowing the writ in part, the Court awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation within three months and directed forthwith criminal prosecution plus an expedited departmental enquiry against the constable.", "court_quote": "Consequently the respondents herein are directed to initiate forthwith criminal proceedings against the police constable concerned for his rude behaviour in his pushing her to ground which subsequently ended in her death apart from expediting the departmental enquiry pending against him.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Rs 2L for raid death by constable push; criminal prosecution and DE directed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2000-03-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2000 Cri LJ 4459", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1897316/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "SWDISPRO-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2002-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0479", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Govindan @ Govindarajan, Selvaraj & Ors. v. State rep. by R.D.O., Hosur (K. S. gang-rape case)", "display_title_redacted": "Govindan @ Govindarajan, Selvaraj & Ors. v. State rep. by R.D.O., Hosur (K. S. gang-rape case)", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Krishnagiri", "district_at_time": "Dharmapuri", "city_town": "Thalli", "police_station_or_unit": "Thalli PS", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Govindan @ Govindarajan, Selvaraj & Ors. v. State rep. by R.D.O., Hosur (K. S. gang-rape case)", "case_number": "Crl.A. Nos. 764 and 765 of 1993 with Crl.R.C. No. 172 of 1994", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M. Karpagavinayagam" ], "judgment_date": "2002-06-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2002, "incident_date": "1988-07-20", "incident_year": 1988, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 366", "IPC 376(2)(g)", "IPC 326", "IPC 307" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Balasubramanian", "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Thalli PS", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.3, "jev_p_culpable": 0.86, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Balasubramanian", "display": "Balasubramanian (Inspector of Police)" }, { "name": "Govindarajan", "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Thalli PS", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.13, "jev_p_culpable": 0.93, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Govindarajan", "display": "Govindarajan (Head Constable)" }, { "name": "Selvaraj", "rank": "Writer", "unit": "Thalli PS", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.17, "jev_p_culpable": 0.93, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Selvaraj", "display": "Selvaraj (Writer)" }, { "name": "Govindasamy", "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Thalli PS", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.2, "jev_p_culpable": 0.91, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Govindasamy", "display": "Govindasamy (Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Thalli woman", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "the complainant" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/92954057/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court confirmed the convictions of the Inspector, Head Constable, Writer and Constable of Thalli PS who, in uniform and on duty, gang-raped teacher the complainant in the station store-room on 20 July 1988, beat her, dumped her in a pit and stoned her. The Court held even the 10-year minimum was insufficient for uniformed custodial gang rape and enhanced the Section 376 sentence to life imprisonment on the victim's revision. It directed the Home Secretary to pay Rs 5 lakh compensation within three months and ordered the appellants to surrender. Identification parade, bloodstains and medical evidence were held to corroborate the victim. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court confirmed the convictions of the Inspector, Head Constable, Writer and Constable of Thalli PS who, in uniform and on duty, gang-raped teacher Kalpana Sumathi in the station store-room on 20 July 1988, beat her, dumped her in a pit and stoned her. The Court held even the 10-year minimum was insufficient for uniformed custodial gang rape and enhanced the Section 376 sentence to life imprisonment on the victim's revision. It directed the Home Secretary to pay Rs 5 lakh compensation within three months and ordered the appellants to surrender. Identification parade, bloodstains and medical evidence were held to corroborate the victim.", "court_quote": "The uniformity in the sad episode is that while they committed gang rape inside the police station, they were in uniform and on duty.", "court_quote_para": "3", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC confirmed convictions, enhanced 376 sentence to life + Rs 5L compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.A. Nos. 764 and 765 of 1993 with Crl.R.C. No. 172 of 1994", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2002-06-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Crl.A. Nos. 764 and 765 of 1993 with Crl.R.C. No. 172 of 1994", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "case_title", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/92954057/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-42" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-009", "officers_named_public": 4, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2002-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0729", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Wallajahbad Police Sub-Inspector vs State rep. by Inspector of Police, Chennai", "display_title_redacted": "Wallajahbad Police Sub-Inspector vs State rep. by Inspector of Police, Chennai", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kancheepuram", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Wallajahbad", "police_station_or_unit": "Wallajahbad Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Wallajahbad Police Sub-Inspector vs State rep. by Inspector of Police, Chennai", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 105-106 of 2002", "citation": "(2003) 1 SCC 534; AIR 2003 SC 215", "judges": [ "N. Santosh Hegde", "K.G. Balakrishnan" ], "judgment_date": "2002-11-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2002, "incident_date": "1985-03-05", "incident_year": 1985, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 34", "IPC 330", "IPC 348", "IPC 201" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Wallajahbad Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Wallajahbad Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Wallajahbad Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Wallajahbad Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Wallajahbad man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1622549/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Wallajahbad man, a suspect in a double-murder case, was brought to Wallajahbad Police Station on 5 March 1985, beaten in custody by the appellant officers, driven away in a police jeep and found dead the next morning; the officers falsely claimed he had escaped. A habeas corpus petition led the Madras High Court to order a CBCID probe, after which the Sessions Judge, Chengalpattu convicted the officers and the High Court confirmed the conviction. The Supreme Court held the circumstantial chain of last-seen evidence, the false escape story and identification of the body proved custodial murder beyond doubt. It dismissed the appeals, sustaining life imprisonment under Section 302 read with Section 34 IPC plus concurrent terms under Sections 330, 348 and 201 IPC.", "summary_verified": "A Wallajahbad man, a suspect in a double-murder case, was brought to Wallajahbad Police Station on 5 March 1985, beaten in custody by the appellant officers, driven away in a police jeep and found dead the next morning; the officers falsely claimed he had escaped. A habeas corpus petition led the Madras High Court to order a CBCID probe, after which the Sessions Judge, Chengalpattu convicted the officers and the High Court confirmed the conviction. The Supreme Court held the circumstantial chain of last-seen evidence, the false escape story and identification of the body proved custodial murder beyond doubt. It dismissed the appeals, sustaining life imprisonment under Section 302 read with Section 34 IPC plus concurrent terms under Sections 330, 348 and 201 IPC.", "court_quote": "Torturing a person and using third degree methods are of medieval nature and they are barbaric and contrary to law.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified; life sentences of two Wallajahbad SIs for custodial murder confirmed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2003) 1 SCC 534; AIR 2003 SC 215", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2002-11-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(2003) 1 SCC 534; AIR 2003 SC 215", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1622549/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2002-0011", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0498", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chidambaram Police Sub-Inspector and Others v. State represented by Superintendent of Police", "display_title_redacted": "Chidambaram Police Sub-Inspector and Others v. State represented by Superintendent of Police", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chidambaram", "police_station_or_unit": "Chidambaram Town Police Station; Annamalainagar Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chidambaram Police Sub-Inspector and Others v. State represented by Superintendent of Police", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 677 and 680 of 1997 (against Sessions Case No. 99 of 1993, Principal Sessions Judge, Cuddalore)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "N. Dhinakar", "F. M. Ibrahim Kalifulla" ], "judgment_date": "2002-11-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2002, "incident_date": "1992-05-30", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 218", "IPC 348", "IPC 330", "IPC 323", "IPC 343" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Mehboob Batcha (A1)", "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Chidambaram Town Police Station, Cuddalore", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Mehboob Batcha (A1)", "display": "Mehboob Batcha (A1) (Sub-Inspector)" }, { "name": "S. Parthasaraty (A2)", "rank": "Sub-Inspector, Station House Officer", "unit": "Annamalainagar Police Station, Cuddalore", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "S. Parthasaraty (A2)", "display": "S. Parthasaraty (A2) (Sub-Inspector, Station House Officer)" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chidambaram man", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Chidambaram woman", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a woman" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/26071083/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeals of Sub-Inspectors (A1) and S. Parthasaraty (A2) arising from the illegal detention and torture of theft suspect a man from 30 May to 2 June 1992 and the gang-rape of his wife a woman by special-team policemen. The Court held A1 and A2 prepared false records (Exs.P-76 to P-78, including a false FIR as Crime No. 159/1992) to show a 2 June 1992 arrest and thereby save their subordinate constables. The Court confirmed their convictions under Section 218 IPC along with convictions under Sections 348, 330, 354 and 376(2) IPC against the appellants, acquitting only on the Section 220 charges. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeals of Sub-Inspectors (A1) and S. Parthasaraty (A2) arising from the illegal detention and torture of theft suspect [name withheld] from 30 May to 2 June 1992 and the gang-rape of his wife [name withheld] by special-team policemen. The Court held A1 and A2 prepared false records (Exs.P-76 to P-78, including a false FIR as Crime No. 159/1992) to show a 2 June 1992 arrest and thereby save their subordinate constables. The Court confirmed their convictions under Section 218 IPC along with convictions under Sections 348, 330, 354 and 376(2) IPC against the appellants, acquitting only on the Section 220 charges.", "court_quote": "and the officers, in order to save their sub-ordinate police constables, prepared Exs.P-76 to P-78. Therefore, the conviction of A1 under Charge No. 30 framed u/s 218 IPC and the conviction of A2 for the same offence framed under Charge No. 31, are justified.", "court_quote_para": "30", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SIs 218 IPC convictions for false cover-up records confirmed; appeals dismissed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 677 and 680 of 1997 (against Sessions Case No. 99 of 1993, Principal Sessions Judge, Cuddalore)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2002-11-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 677 and 680 of 1997 (against Sessions Case No. 99 of 1993, Principal Sessions Judge, Cuddalore)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "sections" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/26071083/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "SWDERELI-007", "officers_named_public": 2, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2003-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0473", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Alanganallur Woman v. The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Alanganallur Woman v. The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Alanganallur", "police_station_or_unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Alanganallur Woman v. The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 5510 of 1997", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P. Sathasivam" ], "judgment_date": "2003-02-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2003, "incident_date": "1989-10-21", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 323", "IPC 166", "IPC 306", "IPC 201" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police (Crime)", "unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police (Crime), Alanganallur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Alanganallur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Alanganallur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Alanganallur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Alanganallur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Alanganallur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police personnel", "unit": "Alanganallur Police Station", "role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "acquitted_in_this_judgment", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Alanganallur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Alanganallur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1570568/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice P. Sathasivam awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation to Pandiammal for the custodial torture-death of her husband [name withheld] at Alanganallur police station on 21 October 1989 (Rs 50,000 interim already deposited plus Rs 1.5 lakh balance in Bank of Maharashtra, Madurai, with quarterly interest to the widow). An Alanganallur man was detained over a cow-theft complaint; police claimed he hanged himself in the station bathroom and dumped the body in the Periyar Main Channel, but 19 wounds were found on the body. The RDO Madurai enquiry under PSO 145 found 7 police officials jointly responsible and the Government ordered criminal prosecution (P.R.C. No. 27 of 1996) and departmental action. Seven Alanganallur police-station personnel were acquitted of the charges by the II Additional Sessions Judge, Madurai, on 30 November 2000 in Sessions Case No. 587 of 1999; the judgment does not name them. The Court held the Government liable despite the pending prosecution.", "summary_verified": "Justice P. Sathasivam awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation to Pandiammal for the custodial torture-death of her husband [name withheld] at Alanganallur police station on 21 October 1989 (Rs 50,000 interim already deposited plus Rs 1.5 lakh balance in Bank of Maharashtra, Madurai, with quarterly interest to the widow). An Alanganallur man was detained over a cow-theft complaint; police claimed he hanged himself in the station bathroom and dumped the body in the Periyar Main Channel, but 19 wounds were found on the body. The RDO Madurai enquiry under PSO 145 found 7 police officials jointly responsible and the Government ordered criminal prosecution (P.R.C. No. 27 of 1996) and departmental action. The Court held the Government liable despite the pending prosecution.", "court_quote": "However, in the light of the decision of the Government accepting the report of the Revenue Divisional Officer, holding 7 police officials were responsible for the death of the said an Alanganallur man and ordering prosecution and departmental action against them, I am of the view that in all fairness the Government itself ought to have granted financial assistance to the petitioner.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC awarded Rs 2L for an Alanganallur man's torture-death at Alanganallur PS; 7 officials held responsible.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2003-02-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Writ Petition No. 5510 of 1997", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1570568/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-47" ], "merged_case_id": "SOUTH-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2003-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0905", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Udhagamandalam Police Constable v. State rep. by S.D.M.", "display_title_redacted": "Udhagamandalam Police Constable v. State rep. by S.D.M.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "The Nilgiris", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Udhagamandalam", "police_station_or_unit": "Conoor Police Station (Prohibition Wing)", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Udhagamandalam Police Constable v. State rep. by S.D.M.", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 929-930 of 2002", "citation": "(2003) 6 SCC 73", "judges": [ "Y. K. Sabharwal", "H. K. Sema" ], "judgment_date": "2003-04-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2003, "incident_date": "1989-03-11", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 346", "IPC 366", "IPC 376" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Prohibition Wing, Conoor Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Prohibition Wing, Conoor Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Udhagamandalam woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 7, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2003/april/visveswaran-vs-state-rep-by-s-d-m-77", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1527467/", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609add9e4b0149711412583" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. On the night of 11-12 March 1989, a police constable took PW1 and her husband from a Kethi bus stand in a taxi on the pretext of suspicion, pushed the husband out en route, and raped PW1 in a Woodlands Hotel room at Udhagamandalam; she escaped in the morning and reported to Kethi Police Station. [name withheld], a constable in the Prohibition Wing of Conoor Police Station, was convicted by the trial court under Sections 346, 366 and 376 IPC and sentenced to 7 years RI with a Rs 10,000 fine, affirmed by the High Court. He challenged only his identity before the Supreme Court. The Court held identity proved by hotel booking records, his unexplained whereabouts, and his refusal to give a semen sample, and dismissed the appeals, upholding the conviction and sentence.", "summary_verified": "On the night of 11-12 March 1989, a police constable took PW1 and her husband from a Kethi bus stand in a taxi on the pretext of suspicion, pushed the husband out en route, and raped PW1 in a Woodlands Hotel room at Udhagamandalam; she escaped in the morning and reported to Kethi Police Station. [name withheld], a constable in the Prohibition Wing of Conoor Police Station, was convicted by the trial court under Sections 346, 366 and 376 IPC and sentenced to 7 years RI with a Rs 10,000 fine, affirmed by the High Court. He challenged only his identity before the Supreme Court. The Court held identity proved by hotel booking records, his unexplained whereabouts, and his refusal to give a semen sample, and dismissed the appeals, upholding the conviction and sentence.", "court_quote": "The appellant at the relevant time was posted as a Constable in the Prohibition Wing of Conoor Police Station. The victim, PW1, was a young, recently married rustic woman. The commission of crime on the person of the victim by a Police Constable has also been fully established and is not a matter in issue.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified (AdvocateKhoj + Indian Kanoon); police constable's rape conviction upheld, appeals dismissed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2003) 6 SCC 73", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2003-04-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(2003) 6 SCC 73", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2003/april/visveswaran-vs-state-rep-by-s-d-m-77", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1527467/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609add9e4b0149711412583", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-76" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-57-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2003-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0472", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Karur Woman v. Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Karur Woman v. Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Karur", "district_at_time": "Tiruchirappalli", "city_town": "Karur", "police_station_or_unit": "Karur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Karur Woman v. Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 13577 of 1996", "citation": null, "judges": [ "D. Murugesan" ], "judgment_date": "2003-10-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2003, "incident_date": "1995-03-23", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Karur Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.63, "jev_p_culpable": 0.76, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "sentence_reduced_only", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Karur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 29, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Karur man, age 29" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 900000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/779868/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice D. Murugesan held that a Karur man died in police custody due to torture by SI of Karur police station and awarded Rs 9 lakh total just compensation (Rs 8 lakh balance after the Rs 1 lakh ex-gratia already paid), apportioned equally among the widow, two minor sons and mother, payable within one month. A Karur man was taken into custody at 5 a.m. on 23 March 1995 and beaten to death in the police van; the Sub-Collector Karur enquiry under PSO 145 found death solely due to torture by the SI and the post-mortem showed neurogenic shock from chest injuries. The State did not deny torture in its counter. The court held [name withheld] to have tortured and beaten the deceased to death and ordered Rs 9 lakh total compensation with departmental punishment; the related criminal case ended in acquittal with the State appeal pending, so no criminal conviction subsists on this record. The Court computed quantum on the motor-accident multiplier method (Rs 6,000/month income, multiplier 18), noting the SI's criminal prosecution had ended in acquittal with a State appeal pending.", "summary_verified": "Justice D. Murugesan held that a Karur man died in police custody due to torture by SI of Karur police station and awarded Rs 9 lakh total just compensation (Rs 8 lakh balance after the Rs 1 lakh ex-gratia already paid), apportioned equally among the widow, two minor sons and mother, payable within one month. A Karur man was taken into custody at 5 a.m. on 23 March 1995 and beaten to death in the police van; the Sub-Collector Karur enquiry under PSO 145 found death solely due to torture by the SI and the post-mortem showed neurogenic shock from chest injuries. The State did not deny torture in its counter. The Court computed quantum on the motor-accident multiplier method (Rs 6,000/month income, multiplier 18), noting the SI's criminal prosecution had ended in acquittal with a State appeal pending.", "court_quote": "The deceased [name withheld] died while he was in police custody and that too, due to harassment at the hands of the Sub Inspector of Police, Karur Police Station.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC held a Karur man tortured to death by Karur SI; Rs 9L total compensation (Rs 8L balance).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2003-10-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 900,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 13577 of 1996", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/779868/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-47" ], "merged_case_id": "SOUTH-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2004-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0822", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man v. The State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man v. The State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man v. The State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 14879 of 1994", "citation": "(2004) 03 MAD CK 0191", "judges": [ "K. P. Sivasubramaniam" ], "judgment_date": "2004-03-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2004, "incident_date": "1993-06-21", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, E-2 Royapettah Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, E-2 Royapettah Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, E-2 Royapettah Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, E-2 Royapettah Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, E-2 Royapettah Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "age": 24, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Chennai man, age 24" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 430000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/124485/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/72225/s-meena-vs-the-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-others/" ], "summary": "On 4 March 2004 the Madras High Court (K. P. Sivasubramaniam, J.) allowed the writ petition of S. Meena, a Class IV postal employee whose 24-year-old son [name withheld] was brutally beaten by E-2 Royapettah police personnel on the night of 21 June 1993 and died. The court accepted eyewitness accounts and the P.A. to Collector's Clause-145 PSO enquiry findings holding respondents 7 to 11 responsible for the custodial assault, torture and murder. The court fixed total compensation at Rs. 4,30,000 (Rs. 2,50,000 plus interest and Rs. 15,000 funeral expenses), directing payment of the Rs. 3,80,000 balance after deducting Rs. 50,000 already paid, within six weeks, failing which 18% interest, with liberty to the State to recover from the party-respondents. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 4 March 2004 the Madras High Court (K. P. Sivasubramaniam, J.) allowed the writ petition of S. Meena, a Class IV postal employee whose 24-year-old son [name withheld] was brutally beaten by E-2 Royapettah police personnel on the night of 21 June 1993 and died. The court accepted eyewitness accounts and the P.A. to Collector's Clause-145 PSO enquiry findings holding respondents 7 to 11 responsible for the custodial assault, torture and murder. The court fixed total compensation at Rs. 4,30,000 (Rs. 2,50,000 plus interest and Rs. 15,000 funeral expenses), directing payment of the Rs. 3,80,000 balance after deducting Rs. 50,000 already paid, within six weeks, failing which 18% interest, with liberty to the State to recover from the party-respondents. The petitioner was the mother, not wife, of the deceased, correcting the agent record.", "court_quote": "Here is a case where the victim who is admittedly not a rowdy and had never been to the Police Station before, has been done to death by inhuman and sadistic action by the party/respondents.", "court_quote_para": "75", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Full judgment verified via mirror; custodial murder found, Rs.4.3 lakh total compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2004-03-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 430,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2004) 03 MAD CK 0191", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/124485/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/72225/s-meena-vs-the-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-others/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-64" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-37-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2004-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0828", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The Secretary, Ministry of Railways & The General Manager, Southern Railway v. Smt. S. Santhanamary & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "The Secretary, Ministry of Railways & The General Manager, Southern Railway v. Smt. S. Santhanamary & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "Tondiarpet Marshalling Yard RPF Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The Secretary, Ministry of Railways & The General Manager, Southern Railway v. Smt. S. Santhanamary & Ors.", "case_number": "Writ Appeal No. 852 of 2002", "citation": "(2004) 04 MAD CK 0035", "judges": [ "P. K. Misra", "A. S. Venkatachala Moorthy" ], "judgment_date": "2004-04-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2004, "incident_date": "1991-09-01", "incident_year": 1991, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [], "officer_count": null, "victims": [ { "age": 28, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Chennai man, age 28" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "railway", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/362443/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/15791/the-secretary-ministry-of-railways-and-the-general-manager/" ], "summary": "On 22 April 2004 a Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the Railways' writ appeal and upheld a single judge's direction to pay Rs. 1,00,000 compensation for a custodial death. The deceased, aged about 28, was apprehended by the Railway Protection Force around 00:30 on 1 September 1991, secured in the Tondiarpet Marshalling Yard RPF lock-up at 04:30, and found dead at 05:00. The court found on a preponderance of probabilities that he died on account of torture, rejecting the natural-death defence where no inquest or post-mortem material was preserved or produced. Rs. 50,000 already disbursed was adjusted against the award, with the balance payable with 9% interest. Individual RPF personnel were not identified in the judgment. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 22 April 2004 a Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the Railways' writ appeal and upheld a single judge's direction to pay Rs. 1,00,000 compensation for a custodial death. The deceased, aged about 28, was apprehended by the Railway Protection Force around 00:30 on 1 September 1991, secured in the Tondiarpet Marshalling Yard RPF lock-up at 04:30, and found dead at 05:00. The court found on a preponderance of probabilities that he died on account of torture, rejecting the natural-death defence where no inquest or post-mortem material was preserved or produced. Rs. 50,000 already disbursed was adjusted against the award, with the balance payable with 9% interest. Individual RPF personnel were not identified in the judgment.", "court_quote": "In the absence of any prima facie acceptable material, the inevitable conclusion is that the deceased must have died on account of torture.", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench judgment verified via mirror; torture finding and Rs.1 lakh award upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2004-04-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2004) 04 MAD CK 0035", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/362443/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/15791/the-secretary-ministry-of-railways-and-the-general-manager/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-64" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-37-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2005-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0370", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "T. vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "T. vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruchirappalli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vaiyampatty", "police_station_or_unit": "Vaiyampatty Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "T. vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.A. No. 1167 of 1998", "citation": "2006 (1) MLJ 108", "judges": [ "A.P. Shah, C.J.", "F.M. Ibrahim Kalifulla, J." ], "judgment_date": "2005-11-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2005, "incident_date": "1989-07-01", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 21", "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": null, "role": "convicted", "unit_note": "exact station not stated in judgment; family of Vaiyampatty, Manapparai Taluk, Trichy (para 1); FIR Cr.No.153/1989", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Vaiyampatty woman", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vaiyampatty man", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "the complainant" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a man" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/839968/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court enhanced the compensation awarded to Dalit agricultural laborer the complainant and her husband [name withheld] from Rs 75,000 to Rs 5,00,000 for custodial rape and illegal confinement by a Sub-Inspector in July 1989. The victim had been called to the police station where her husband was held, threatened, stripped of jewelry, and subjected to custodial rape. Chief Justice A.P. Shah held that rape by police officers constitutes a gross violation of fundamental rights and human dignity under Article 21, warranting public law compensation. The Court ordered the State to pay the enhanced amount with 6% interest, granted liberty to recover the sum from delinquent police personnel, and directed the government to consider allotting agricultural land under the THADCO scheme. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court enhanced the compensation awarded to Dalit agricultural laborer Lakshmi and her husband [name withheld] from Rs 75,000 to Rs 5,00,000 for custodial rape and illegal confinement by a Sub-Inspector in July 1989. The victim had been called to the police station where her husband was held, threatened, stripped of jewelry, and subjected to custodial rape. Chief Justice A.P. Shah held that rape by police officers constitutes a gross violation of fundamental rights and human dignity under Article 21, warranting public law compensation. The Court ordered the State to pay the enhanced amount with 6% interest, granted liberty to recover the sum from delinquent police personnel, and directed the government to consider allotting agricultural land under the THADCO scheme.", "court_quote": "Where a heinous crime of rape committed by the police personnel, who are public functionaries, the matter clearly relates to the violation of basic human rights as well as Fundamental Right guaranteed under Article 21", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court enhanced compensation to Rs 5,00,000 for custodial rape of Dalit woman Lakshmi by Sub-Inspector, recoverable from delinquent police.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2005-11-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2006 (1) MLJ 108", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/839968/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2006-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0358", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "E.1 Mylapore Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "case_number": "W.A. No. 587/2001 (against W.P. No. 12633/1999)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P. Sathasivam", "J.A.K. Sampathkumar" ], "judgment_date": "2006-03-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2006, "incident_date": "1997-04-12", "incident_year": 1997, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Grade I Police Constable", "unit": "E.1 Mylapore Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.57, "jev_p_culpable": 0.57, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Grade I Police Constable, E.1 Mylapore Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Traffic Police Constable", "unit": "E.1 Mylapore Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.6, "jev_p_culpable": 0.57, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Traffic Police Constable, E.1 Mylapore Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 22, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man, age 22" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1696668/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court allowed the writ appeal of K. Kabali of Mylapore, whose 22-year-old son [name withheld] was forcibly thrown into a police jeep by traffic police near Luz Corner Signal on 12 April 1997 and found dead the next day, directing the State to pay a further Rs 3 lakh compensation under Article 226 in addition to the Rs 50,000 ex gratia already sanctioned. The Court relied on the Maruthamuthu Commission of Enquiry findings, accepted by the Government and tabled in the Assembly, that the action of Traffic Inspector and Police Constable was not in accordance with rules and their negligence caused the death. It held compensation under Article 226 appropriate where violation of fundamental rights by public functionaries is established, and noted the Government had ordered departmental action against both personnel for dereliction of duty. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court allowed the writ appeal of K. Kabali of Mylapore, whose 22-year-old son [name withheld] was forcibly thrown into a police jeep by traffic police near Luz Corner Signal on 12 April 1997 and found dead the next day, directing the State to pay a further Rs 3 lakh compensation under Article 226 in addition to the Rs 50,000 ex gratia already sanctioned. The Court relied on the Maruthamuthu Commission of Enquiry findings, accepted by the Government and tabled in the Assembly, that the action of Traffic Inspector and Police Constable was not in accordance with rules and their negligence caused the death. It held compensation under Article 226 appropriate where violation of fundamental rights by public functionaries is established, and noted the Government had ordered departmental action against both personnel for dereliction of duty.", "court_quote": "It is clear from the findings of the Commission of Enquiry which was accepted by the Government that though the death was not due to police torture, undoubtedly, the death occurred due to the negligence of the police personnel.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras High Court Division Bench directed a further Rs 3 lakh compensation (over Rs 50,000 ex gratia) for the death of Ramesh after traffic-police pickup, relying on the Commission of Enquiry negligence finding.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2006-03-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. No. 587/2001 (against W.P. No. 12633/1999)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1696668/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-11", "chunk-r07" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2006-0012", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0354", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0430" ], "display_title": "Ramasamy vs State", "display_title_redacted": "Ramasamy vs State", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kammapuram", "police_station_or_unit": "Kammapuram Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ramasamy vs State", "case_number": "Crl.A. Nos. 735 & 738 of 2004 (with Crl.A. No. 668 of 2005)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "R. Balasubramanian", "A.C. Arumugaperumal Adityan" ], "judgment_date": "2006-12-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2006, "incident_date": "1993-03-21", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 34", "IPC 342", "IPC 348", "IPC 330", "IPC 201", "IPC 220", "IPC 218", "IPC 323" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Anthonysamy", "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Kammapuram Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.79, "jev_p_culpable": 0.78, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Anthonysamy", "display": "Anthonysamy (Sub-Inspector)" }, { "name": "Veerasamy", "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Kammapuram Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.64, "jev_p_culpable": 0.77, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Veerasamy", "display": "Veerasamy (Constable)" }, { "name": "Ramasamy", "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Kammapuram Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.84, "jev_p_culpable": 0.68, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Ramasamy", "display": "Ramasamy (Constable)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "unit": "Kammapuram", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.5, "jev_p_culpable": 0.69, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, Kammapuram" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kammapuram man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165147/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/182869297/" ], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court confirmed the murder convictions and life sentences (with Rs 2,000 fine) of Sub-Inspector Anthonysamy and Constable Veerasamy of Kammapuram Police Station for beating burglary suspect [name withheld] to death in the station on 21-22 March 1993, dumping his body on a road and passing the death off as an escape from custody. Relying on the evidence of the victim wife and a co-detenu, the Court held it proved beyond doubt that a Kammapuram man died in the station after a brutal assault by the two officers, and confirmed the allied convictions for wrongful confinement, extortion of confession by hurt, destruction of evidence and related offences while setting aside the conspiracy charge. A-3 Constable Ramasamy was convicted only under Section 323 IPC and admonished under Section 3 of the Probation of Offenders Act with no sentence, being acquitted of the graver charges with fines refunded; the life sentences in this judgment concern his co-accused. Constable Ramasamy was acquitted of the grave charges, convicted only under Section 323 IPC and admonished under the Probation of Offenders Act; Inspector accepted his fine-only conviction and the State appeal against the doctor acquittal was dismissed.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court confirmed the murder convictions and life sentences (with Rs 2,000 fine) of Sub-Inspector Anthonysamy and Constable Veerasamy of Kammapuram Police Station for beating burglary suspect [name withheld] to death in the station on 21-22 March 1993, dumping his body on a road and passing the death off as an escape from custody. Relying on the evidence of the victim wife and a co-detenu, the Court held it proved beyond doubt that a Kammapuram man died in the station after a brutal assault by the two officers, and confirmed the allied convictions for wrongful confinement, extortion of confession by hurt, destruction of evidence and related offences while setting aside the conspiracy charge. Constable Ramasamy was acquitted of the grave charges, convicted only under Section 323 IPC and admonished under the Probation of Offenders Act; Inspector accepted his fine-only conviction and the State appeal against the doctor acquittal was dismissed.", "court_quote": "Therefore the evidence of P.Ws.1 and 7 establish beyond doubt that a Kammapuram man definitely met his end in the police station itself after the brutal attack on him by A.1 and A.2.", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras High Court confirmed life sentences of SI Anthonysamy and Constable Veerasamy for the custodial murder of a Kammapuram man; convicted Constable Ramasamy only under s.323 IPC and admonished him.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.A. Nos. 735 & 738 of 2004 (with Crl.A. No. 668 of 2005)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2006-12-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Crl.A. Nos. 735 & 738 of 2004 (with Crl.A. No. 668 of 2005)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165147/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/182869297/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-11", "chunk-52", "chunk-r07" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-001", "officers_named_public": 3, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0376", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The Government of Tamil Nadu and Ors. vs R. Dhanalakshmi", "display_title_redacted": "The Government of Tamil Nadu and Ors. vs R. Dhanalakshmi", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Karur", "district_at_time": "Tiruchirappalli", "city_town": "Karur", "police_station_or_unit": "Karur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The Government of Tamil Nadu and Ors. vs R. Dhanalakshmi", "case_number": "W.A. No. 1169 of 2004", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P. Sathasivam, J.", "S. Tamilvanan, J." ], "judgment_date": "2007-04-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1995-03-23", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Karur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.62, "jev_p_culpable": 0.47, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Karur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 29, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Karur man, age 29" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/589614/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the State's appeal against the single Judge's order dated 29.10.2003 in W.P. No. 13577 of 1996 and affirmed that a Karur man, aged about 29, died of police torture in Karur custody. The Court recorded that SI took a Karur man from his house at about 5 a.m. on 23.03.1995, that he was tortured and beaten to death, and that the post-mortem showed death by neurogenic shock from chest injuries, corroborated by the Sub-Collector's enquiry under Police Standing Order 145. Holding the family undoubtedly entitled to adequate compensation but cutting the multiplier-based Rs 9 lakh for want of documentary proof of lorry income, the Court fixed Rs 5 lakh total, with the balance over the Rs 3 lakh already paid (Rs 1 lakh ex-gratia plus Rs 2 lakh interim) payable within eight weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the State's appeal against the single Judge's order dated 29.10.2003 in W.P. No. 13577 of 1996 and affirmed that a Karur man, aged about 29, died of police torture in Karur custody. The Court recorded that SI took a Karur man from his house at about 5 a.m. on 23.03.1995, that he was tortured and beaten to death, and that the post-mortem showed death by neurogenic shock from chest injuries, corroborated by the Sub-Collector's enquiry under Police Standing Order 145. Holding the family undoubtedly entitled to adequate compensation but cutting the multiplier-based Rs 9 lakh for want of documentary proof of lorry income, the Court fixed Rs 5 lakh total, with the balance over the Rs 3 lakh already paid (Rs 1 lakh ex-gratia plus Rs 2 lakh interim) payable within eight weeks.", "court_quote": "ends of justice would be met by awarding a compensation of Rs.5,00,000/- (Rupees five lakhs only) to the petitioner", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench affirmed a Karur man died of police torture in Karur custody and fixed total compensation at Rs 5 lakh (reducing single Judge's Rs 9 lakh).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2007-04-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. No. 1169 of 2004", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/589614/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12", "chunk-r08" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-012", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0356", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "P. Veeramuthu vs State by Inspector of Police, Vigilance", "display_title_redacted": "P. Veeramuthu vs State by Inspector of Police, Vigilance", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Salem", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mecheri", "police_station_or_unit": "Mecheri Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "P. Veeramuthu vs State by Inspector of Police, Vigilance", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal against Spl. C.C. No. 98 of 1991 (Special Judge-cum-CJM, Salem)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A.C. Arumugaperumal Adityan" ], "judgment_date": "2007-04-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1991-01-23", "incident_year": 1991, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "P. Veeramuthu", "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Mecheri Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "P. Veeramuthu", "display": "P. Veeramuthu (Sub-Inspector)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Mecheri woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/157191328/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal of Sub-Inspector P. Veeramuthu of Mecheri Police Station, Salem district, confirming his trap-case conviction for demanding and receiving Rs 500 from complainant [name withheld] on 23 January 1991 to initiate proceedings in Mecheri PS Crime No. 29 of 1991. Though the complainant turned hostile, the Court sustained the conviction on the trap witness and corroborating evidence, holding the prosecution had proved guilt under Sections 7 and 13(2) read with 13(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It held the accused liable to be punished under only one provision and modified the sentence to a single term of one year rigorous imprisonment under Section 13(2) read with 13(1)(d), with the trial fine of Rs 1,000. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal of Sub-Inspector P. Veeramuthu of Mecheri Police Station, Salem district, confirming his trap-case conviction for demanding and receiving Rs 500 from complainant [name withheld] on 23 January 1991 to initiate proceedings in Mecheri PS Crime No. 29 of 1991. Though the complainant turned hostile, the Court sustained the conviction on the trap witness and corroborating evidence, holding the prosecution had proved guilt under Sections 7 and 13(2) read with 13(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It held the accused liable to be punished under only one provision and modified the sentence to a single term of one year rigorous imprisonment under Section 13(2) read with 13(1)(d), with the trial fine of Rs 1,000.", "court_quote": "In the result the appeal is dismissed confirming the Judgment of the learned Special Judge in Spl. C.C. No. 98 of 1991 on the file of Special Judge and First Additional District Judge-cum-Chief Judicial Magistrate, Salem. The accused is convicted under Sections 7 and 13(2) read with 13(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.", "court_quote_para": "34", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras High Court dismissed appeal and confirmed PC Act conviction of SI P. Veeramuthu for Rs 500 trap bribe, sentencing him to a single term of one year RI.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal against Spl. C.C. No. 98 of 1991 (Special Judge-cum-CJM, Salem)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2007-04-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal against Spl. C.C. No. 98 of 1991 (Special Judge-cum-CJM, Salem)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/157191328/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-11", "chunk-r07" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-003", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0025", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0832", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Resident v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Resident v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Resident v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "case_number": "W.A. No. 1130 of 2006 and W.P. No. 24160 of 2006", "citation": "(2007) 4 MLJ 849", "judges": [ "A. P. Shah", "P. Jyothimani" ], "judgment_date": "2007-07-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "2006-06-12", "incident_year": 2006, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, P-3 Vyasarpadi Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 18, "gender": "transgender", "descriptor": "Chennai resident, age 18" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://clpr.org.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/46_Jayalakshmi_v_State_of_Tamil_Nadu.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1373799/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. the survivor, an 18-year-old transgender youth on bail with a daily-reporting condition at P-3 Vyasarpadi police station, was subjected to sustained physical and sexual torture by station personnel during his reporting visits. He self-immolated opposite the station on 12 June 2006 and died of burn injuries on 29 June 2006. Relying on the Registrar (Vigilance) enquiry report, fabricated general-diary entries, a tampered accident register and the dying declaration, the Division Bench held the suicide was solely in consequence of the conduct of respondents 4 to 8. It directed the State to pay Rs.5 lakhs compensation, ordered disciplinary action against the five policemen, and left the State free to recover the amount from them. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "the survivor, an 18-year-old transgender youth on bail with a daily-reporting condition at P-3 Vyasarpadi police station, was subjected to sustained physical and sexual torture by station personnel during his reporting visits. He self-immolated opposite the station on 12 June 2006 and died of burn injuries on 29 June 2006. Relying on the Registrar (Vigilance) enquiry report, fabricated general-diary entries, a tampered accident register and the dying declaration, the Division Bench held the suicide was solely in consequence of the conduct of respondents 4 to 8. It directed the State to pay Rs.5 lakhs compensation, ordered disciplinary action against the five policemen, and left the State free to recover the amount from them.", "court_quote": "only because of the conduct of respondents 4 to 8, the said [the survivor] has attempted to commit suicide and ultimately succumbed to the injuries on 29.06.2006", "court_quote_para": "20", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC Division Bench partly allowed W.A. 1130/2006: police torture drove victim to self-immolation; Rs.5L compensation plus disciplinary action against R4-R8.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2007-07-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2007) 4 MLJ 849", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://clpr.org.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/46_Jayalakshmi_v_State_of_Tamil_Nadu.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1373799/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-66" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1271", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Madurai Police Head Constable vs The Director General of Police and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Madurai Police Head Constable vs The Director General of Police and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Patrol Vehicle No.1, Madurai City Control Room", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Madurai Police Head Constable vs The Director General of Police and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No. 4024 of 2005", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2007-10-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "2004-03-26", "incident_year": 2004, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory_display": "extortion", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Tamil Nadu Police State and Subordinate Service Rules R.3(b)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Patrol Vehicle No.1, Madurai City Control Room", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Patrol Vehicle No.1, Madurai City Control Room" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Madurai resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Madurai resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Madurai resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 3, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/660710/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/560902bae4b0149711159e0e" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. On 26 March 2004, Head Constable, on patrol in Vehicle No.1 of the Madurai City Control Room, threatened the supervisor and salesmen of TASMAC Shop No.5135 and forced Rs.100 from them on the pretext the shop was open past licence hours. The Assistant Commissioner's Rule 3(b) enquiry held the charge proved and the Commissioner of Police, Madurai City, removed him from service on 19 August 2004; his appeal and revision were rejected. The Madurai Bench held the enquiry procedure suffered no infirmity and its conclusion was not perverse, so the bribery finding stood. The Court agreed the misconduct attracted only a major penalty but held removal disproportionate to 29 years of unblemished service, modifying it to compulsory retirement with terminal benefits and directing pension papers within eight weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 26 March 2004, Head Constable, on patrol in Vehicle No.1 of the Madurai City Control Room, threatened the supervisor and salesmen of TASMAC Shop No.5135 and forced Rs.100 from them on the pretext the shop was open past licence hours. The Assistant Commissioner's Rule 3(b) enquiry held the charge proved and the Commissioner of Police, Madurai City, removed him from service on 19 August 2004; his appeal and revision were rejected. The Madurai Bench held the enquiry procedure suffered no infirmity and its conclusion was not perverse, so the bribery finding stood. The Court agreed the misconduct attracted only a major penalty but held removal disproportionate to 29 years of unblemished service, modifying it to compulsory retirement with terminal benefits and directing pension papers within eight weeks.", "court_quote": "This Court is of the view that while the petitioner's misconduct cannot be condoned and he must be imposed only with major penalty, but, however, considering the penalty now imposed, it is clear that it will result in serious consequences of not only depriving the petitioner his employment but also the very survival of the family will be in question.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bribe-extortion finding against head constable sustained; removal modified to compulsory retirement (major penalty upheld).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2007-10-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "W.P.(MD) No. 4024 of 2005", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "sections" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/660710/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/560902bae4b0149711159e0e", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-120" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-84-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0018", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0377", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The State of Tamil Nadu and Ors. vs Pulliammal", "display_title_redacted": "The State of Tamil Nadu and Ors. vs Pulliammal", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Theni", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Periyakulam", "police_station_or_unit": "Periyakulam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The State of Tamil Nadu and Ors. vs Pulliammal", "case_number": "W.A. No. 1328 of 2001", "citation": null, "judges": [ "D. Murugesan, J.", "P.R. Shivakumar, J." ], "judgment_date": "2007-12-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1996-11-02", "incident_year": 1996, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Periyakulam Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Periyakulam Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 44, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Periyakulam man, age 44" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/273288/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/34614/the-state-of-tamil-nadu-vs-pulliammal/" ], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the State's appeal against the single Judge's order dated 08.12.2000 in W.P. No. 11231 of 1997 and confirmed Rs 2 lakh compensation for the death of Pancharaju due to custodial violence. The Court recorded that Pancharaju, aged about 44, was arrested on 09.10.1996 by Periyakulam police in a prohibition case (Cr. No. 547 of 1996), was severely beaten by police, and died on 02.11.1996 after remand and hospitalisation. Rejecting the State's natural-cause defence based on the RDO enquiry, the Court upheld the finding of custodial violence and held Rs 2 lakh reasonable for the coolie's widow and three minor children, with the balance over the Rs 1 lakh already deposited payable within one month. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the State's appeal against the single Judge's order dated 08.12.2000 in W.P. No. 11231 of 1997 and confirmed Rs 2 lakh compensation for the death of P. due to custodial violence. The Court recorded that P., aged about 44, was arrested on 09.10.1996 by Periyakulam police in a prohibition case (Cr. No. 547 of 1996), was severely beaten by police, and died on 02.11.1996 after remand and hospitalisation. Rejecting the State's natural-cause defence based on the RDO enquiry, the Court upheld the finding of custodial violence and held Rs 2 lakh reasonable for the coolie's widow and three minor children, with the balance over the Rs 1 lakh already deposited payable within one month.", "court_quote": "Therefore, the finding of the learned Single Judge regarding the fixation of liability to pay compensation for the death of Pancharaju due to custodial violence cannot be interfered with.", "court_quote_para": "17", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench dismissed State appeal and confirmed Rs 2 lakh compensation for Pancharaju's death due to custodial violence at Periyakulam.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2007-12-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. No. 1328 of 2001", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/273288/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/34614/the-state-of-tamil-nadu-vs-pulliammal/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12", "chunk-r08" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0357", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Tiruvannamalai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "display_title_redacted": "Tiruvannamalai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruvannamalai", "district_at_time": "Tiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar", "city_town": "Tiruvannamalai", "police_station_or_unit": "Tiruvannamalai Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Tiruvannamalai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu", "case_number": "W.A. No. 1018/2006 (against W.P. No. 22366/1993)", "citation": "(2008) 3 MLJ 167", "judges": [ "Elipe Dharma Rao", "S.R. Singharavelu" ], "judgment_date": "2008-02-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1993-09-11", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "role": "named_only", "unit_note": "posting not stated; petitioner alleged Tiruvannamalai PS (para 2), G.O. finding mentions Veraiyur PS personnel (para 5)", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Tiruvannamalai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1962211/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court allowed the writ appeal of Rajammal, widow of pawn broker a Tiruvannamalai man, who was picked up by a Tiruvannamalai police party on 11 September 1993, died the same day from police excesses, and whose body was dumped in the Thachambattu Reserve Forest. Treating the custodial death as established and noting the State had sanctioned criminal prosecution of the officers (C.C. No. 1514 of 2000 before the Judicial Magistrate, Tiruvannamalai), the Court held compensation against the State the appropriate remedy for the established infringement of Article 21. Having regard to the widow large family of six children and financial distress, it enhanced the single judge award from Rs 3 lakh to Rs 5 lakh as prayed for, relying on Nilabati Behera, D.K. Basu and Shyamsunder Trivedi on custodial violence. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court allowed the writ appeal of Rajammal, widow of pawn broker a Tiruvannamalai man, who was picked up by a Tiruvannamalai police party on 11 September 1993, died the same day from police excesses, and whose body was dumped in the Thachambattu Reserve Forest. Treating the custodial death as established and noting the State had sanctioned criminal prosecution of the officers (C.C. No. 1514 of 2000 before the Judicial Magistrate, Tiruvannamalai), the Court held compensation against the State the appropriate remedy for the established infringement of Article 21. Having regard to the widow large family of six children and financial distress, it enhanced the single judge award from Rs 3 lakh to Rs 5 lakh as prayed for, relying on Nilabati Behera, D.K. Basu and Shyamsunder Trivedi on custodial violence.", "court_quote": "from the said G.O. it is clear that the husband of the petitioner died due to the torture by the police personnel of Veraiyur Police Station and the said conclusion of the Government is sufficient for awarding compensation.", "court_quote_para": "5", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras High Court Division Bench allowed writ appeal and enhanced compensation from Rs 3 lakh to Rs 5 lakh for the custodial death of a Tiruvannamalai man at Tiruvannamalai.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2008-02-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2008) 3 MLJ 167", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1962211/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-11", "chunk-r07" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0021", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0830", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Coimbatore Man and Anr. vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Coimbatore Man and Anr. vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Coimbatore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Coimbatore", "police_station_or_unit": "All Women Police Station, Coimbatore", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Coimbatore Man and Anr. vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 716 of 2007", "citation": "(2008) 4 MLJ 753", "judges": [ "A.P. Shah", "Prabha Sridevan" ], "judgment_date": "2008-04-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "2006-12-14", "incident_year": 2006, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (R5)", "unit": "All Women Police Station, Coimbatore", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (R5), All Women Police Station, Coimbatore" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (R6)", "unit": "All Women Police Station / B-3 Police Station, Coimbatore", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (R6), All Women Police Station / B-3 Police Station, Coimbatore" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (R7)", "unit": "Coimbatore City police", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (R7), Coimbatore City police" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Coimbatore man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/72310/coimbatore-bar-association-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-others-respondent-1/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/291152/", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56090308e4b014971115a990" ], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court (A.P. Shah, C.J. and Prabha Sridevan, J.) allowed the Coimbatore Bar Association's petition for a disabled practising advocate (post-brain-surgery, low vision) who was kicked and beaten on 14 December 2006 by woman Constable and striking-force constables at the town bus stand and again at the All Women Police Station, with a false modesty-outrage case foisted on him. Accepting retired Justice K.P. Sivasubramaniam's Commissioner report, the court held respondents 5 to 7 had beaten the advocate mercilessly and violated his human rights with impunity. It awarded Rs.50,000 compensation to the second petitioner, recoverable by the State from respondents 5 to 7. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court (A.P. Shah, C.J. and Prabha Sridevan, J.) allowed the Coimbatore Bar Association's petition for a disabled practising advocate (post-brain-surgery, low vision) who was kicked and beaten on 14 December 2006 by woman Constable and striking-force constables at the town bus stand and again at the All Women Police Station, with a false modesty-outrage case foisted on him. Accepting retired Justice K.P. Sivasubramaniam's Commissioner report, the court held respondents 5 to 7 had beaten the advocate mercilessly and violated his human rights with impunity. It awarded Rs.50,000 compensation to the second petitioner, recoverable by the State from respondents 5 to 7.", "court_quote": "Though the incident was triggered off by the second Petitioner dashing against the fifth Respondent due to his low vision, there is no justification for the behaviour of the police personnel in having beaten him mercilessly, especially Respondents 5, 6 and 7.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Writ allowed; R5-R7 beat disabled advocate mercilessly; Rs.50,000 recoverable from them.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2008-04-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 50,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2008) 4 MLJ 753", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/72310/coimbatore-bar-association-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-others-respondent-1/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/291152/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56090308e4b014971115a990", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0025", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0829", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Courtalam Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Courtalam Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tenkasi", "district_at_time": "Tirunelveli", "city_town": "Courtalam", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Courtalam Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 29074 of 2007", "citation": "(2008) 08 MAD CK 0069", "judges": [ "P.K. Misra", "K. Kannan" ], "judgment_date": "2008-08-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "2007-07-26", "incident_year": 2007, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Courtalam/Tenkasi police (respondents 4-15)", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Courtalam/Tenkasi police (respondents 4-15)" } ], "officer_count": null, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Courtalam man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Courtalam man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Courtalam man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Courtalam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 4, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 40000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/66630/chairman-bar-council-of-tamil-nadu-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-others-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56090393e4b014971115be33" ], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court (P.K. Misra and K. Kannan, JJ.) allowed the writ petition filed by the Chairman, Bar Council of Tamil Nadu for four Tuticorin advocates, a Courtalam man, a Courtalam man, a Courtalam man and a Courtalam man, who were rounded up at Courtalam in the early hours of 26 July 2007, detained at the police station and produced before the Magistrate at 11.30 a.m. with stick-mark injuries. Rejecting the police version of a public scuffle with a masseur, the court held the cane injuries proved assault in admitted police custody and that the State was vicariously liable. It awarded Rs.10,000 to each of the four advocates (Rs.40,000 total), leaving rival criminal complaints to trial. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court (P.K. Misra and K. Kannan, JJ.) allowed the writ petition filed by the Chairman, Bar Council of Tamil Nadu for four Tuticorin advocates, a Courtalam man, a Courtalam man, a Courtalam man and a Courtalam man, who were rounded up at Courtalam in the early hours of 26 July 2007, detained at the police station and produced before the Magistrate at 11.30 a.m. with stick-mark injuries. Rejecting the police version of a public scuffle with a masseur, the court held the cane injuries proved assault in admitted police custody and that the State was vicariously liable. It awarded Rs.10,000 to each of the four advocates (Rs.40,000 total), leaving rival criminal complaints to trial.", "court_quote": "The inference is obvious. It is the police who were responsible for the injuries on lawyers.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Writ allowed; police held responsible for custodial assault on 4 advocates; Rs.10,000 each.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2008-08-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 40,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2008) 08 MAD CK 0069", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/66630/chairman-bar-council-of-tamil-nadu-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-others-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56090393e4b014971115be33", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0837", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Paramakudi Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Paramakudi Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Ramanathapuram", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Paramakudi", "police_station_or_unit": "Paramakudi Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Paramakudi Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "case_number": "Crl.O.P. No. 3715 of 2004", "citation": "LAWS(MAD)-2008-9-249", "judges": [ "K. N. Basha" ], "judgment_date": "2008-09-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "2002-12-01", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 482", "IPC 306", "IPC 454", "IPC 380", "CrPC 174", "Constitution Art 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Paramakudi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:unclear", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "unclear", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Paramakudi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Paramakudi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:unclear", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "unclear", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Paramakudi Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Paramakudi woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/11060/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?caseId=218002901300&title=henri-tiphagne-vs-state-of-tamilnadu" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Paramakudi woman, a domestic worker taken into Paramakudi police custody for interrogation in a theft case (Cr. No. 455/2002), was found hanging at the wireless tower behind the station on 1 December 2002; the post-mortem showed ante-mortem injuries and the DSPs own counter regarded it as a custodial death. The RDO enquiry under PSO 151 found fault but led only to a Section 306 IPC private complaint (S.C. No. 105/2007). The court held the sequence and medical evidence revealed tell-tale custodial violence, expressed displeasure at the handling, stayed the sessions trial, directed a DSP-led CB-CID reinvestigation with final report in six months, and ordered Rs.3 lakhs compensation to the husband and daughter within four weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Paramakudi woman, a domestic worker taken into Paramakudi police custody for interrogation in a theft case (Cr. No. 455/2002), was found hanging at the wireless tower behind the station on 1 December 2002; the post-mortem showed ante-mortem injuries and the DSPs own counter regarded it as a custodial death. The RDO enquiry under PSO 151 found fault but led only to a Section 306 IPC private complaint (S.C. No. 105/2007). The court held the sequence and medical evidence revealed tell-tale custodial violence, expressed displeasure at the handling, stayed the sessions trial, directed a DSP-led CB-CID reinvestigation with final report in six months, and ordered Rs.3 lakhs compensation to the husband and daughter within four weeks.", "court_quote": "The sequence of events in respect of this case and the perusal of the medical evidence, viz., the Postmortem Certificate reveals the tell-tale of the custodial violence committed on the poor victim.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC (K.N. Basha, J.) disposed Crl.O.P. 3715/2004: prima facie custodial violence disclosed; Rs.3L compensation plus CB-CID reinvestigation ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2008-09-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "LAWS(MAD)-2008-9-249", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "compensation_inr" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/11060/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?caseId=218002901300&title=henri-tiphagne-vs-state-of-tamilnadu", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-66" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0028", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0831", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Korattur Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Korattur Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Korattur", "police_station_or_unit": "Korattur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Korattur Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 11388 of 1999", "citation": "(2009) 1 MLJ 1090; 2009 Cri LJ 866", "judges": [ "K.K. Sasidharan" ], "judgment_date": "2008-10-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1998-11-14", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 107", "IPC 109", "IPC 306", "IPC 309", "IPC 380", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "unit": "Korattur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, Korattur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Korattur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Korattur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Korattur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Korattur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Korattur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Korattur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Korattur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Korattur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Korattur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Korattur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "age": 26, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Korattur man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 332000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/66634/b-ammu-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-another-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?caseId=218002955300&title=b-ammu-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court (K.K. Sasidharan, J.) allowed the writ petition of B. Ammu, widow of 26-year-old construction worker a Korattur man, who hanged himself with his lungi in the Korattur police station lavatory while in custody on 14 November 1998 in a theft case. Relying on the RDO magisterial enquiry and Collector and Home Department reports, the court held the station officers responsible for serious lapses, including allowing the lungi against Police Standing Order 661, a blank general diary and a missing arrest memo. Holding the police responsible for the death though it was suicide, the court awarded Rs.3,32,000 with 6% interest (Rs.4,32,000 on MV Act multiplier less Rs.1,00,000 ex gratia already paid). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (K.K. Sasidharan, J.) allowed the writ petition of B. Ammu, widow of 26-year-old construction worker a Korattur man, who hanged himself with his lungi in the Korattur police station lavatory while in custody on 14 November 1998 in a theft case. Relying on the RDO magisterial enquiry and Collector and Home Department reports, the court held the station officers responsible for serious lapses, including allowing the lungi against Police Standing Order 661, a blank general diary and a missing arrest memo. Holding the police responsible for the death though it was suicide, the court awarded Rs.3,32,000 with 6% interest (Rs.4,32,000 on MV Act multiplier less Rs.1,00,000 ex gratia already paid).", "court_quote": "The report of the Home Department prepared on the basis of the Magisterial enquiry report as well as the report submitted by the District Collector clearly shows that death could have been avoided had the police officers shown little care and seriousness. Therefore, there is no further proof necessary to come to the conclusion, that the police were responsible for the death though it was an act of suicide.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Writ allowed; police negligence caused lock-up suicide; Rs.3.32 lakh with 6% interest.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2008-10-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 332,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2009) 1 MLJ 1090; 2009 Cri LJ 866", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/66634/b-ammu-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-and-another-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?caseId=218002955300&title=b-ammu-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-65" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0450", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pallavaram Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Pallavaram Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chengalpattu", "district_at_time": "Kancheepuram", "city_town": "Pallavaram", "police_station_or_unit": "Pallavaram Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pallavaram Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 15229 of 1999", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2008-11-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1993-06-20", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Pallavaram Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Pallavaram Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Pallavaram Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Pallavaram Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (2352)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Pallavaram Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.32, "jev_p_culpable": 0.65, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (2352), Pallavaram Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (989)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Pallavaram Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.46, "jev_p_culpable": 0.64, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (989), Pallavaram Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (2150)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Pallavaram Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.39, "jev_p_culpable": 0.74, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (2150), Pallavaram Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (818)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Pallavaram Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.41, "jev_p_culpable": 0.67, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (818), Pallavaram Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pallavaram man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/824758/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice K. Chandru held that mason a Pallavaram man, picked up on 20.06.1993 over alleged illicit liquor, was tortured to death in Pallavaram police custody and his body returned to his widow for burial on 23.06.1993. The Court noted the State itself had found policemen guilty yet let them off with minor punishments, which it condemned. It awarded Rs.5 lakh compensation to the widow payable within four weeks with a compliance report, and directed the State to proceed against the guilty officers for violating constitutional safeguards, recovering the amount from their salaries if necessary. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Justice K. Chandru held that mason a Pallavaram man, picked up on 20.06.1993 over alleged illicit liquor, was tortured to death in Pallavaram police custody and his body returned to his widow for burial on 23.06.1993. The Court noted the State itself had found policemen guilty yet let them off with minor punishments, which it condemned. It awarded Rs.5 lakh compensation to the widow payable within four weeks with a compliance report, and directed the State to proceed against the guilty officers for violating constitutional safeguards, recovering the amount from their salaries if necessary.", "court_quote": "Since the policemen who were found guilty even by the State have been let out with minor punishments, the action of the State is highly condemnable.", "court_quote_para": "21", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment text verified; custodial torture-death finding with Rs.5L compensation + action vs officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2008-11-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 15229 of 1999", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/824758/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-39" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-018", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0018", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0833", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Thoothukudi Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Thoothukudi Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Thoothukudi", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Thoothukudi", "police_station_or_unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Thoothukudi Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 6195 of 2000", "citation": "(2009) 01 MAD CK 0111", "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2009-01-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "1999-09-18", "incident_year": 1999, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 22(1)", "Constitution Art 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Thalamuthu Nagar Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 10, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Thoothukudi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 800000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/28795/krishnammal-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/271846/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Thoothukudi man, a ward member and bullock-cart driver, was picked up on 17 September 1999 by Thalamuthu Nagar police, chained and tortured overnight in the station, and brought dead to Thoothukudi Government Hospital on 18 September 1999 with 38 injuries. The RDO enquiry under PSO 145 and the States own G.O.Ms. No. 1284/2000 found brutal torture by the named duty personnel and ordered criminal prosecution and departmental action, but no action was shown taken. The court held the detention without authority violated Article 22(1) and the D.K. Basu safeguards, directed the State to pay Rs.8 lakhs within four weeks, and ordered proceedings against the guilty officers with recovery from their personal salaries if necessary. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Thoothukudi man, a ward member and bullock-cart driver, was picked up on 17 September 1999 by Thalamuthu Nagar police, chained and tortured overnight in the station, and brought dead to Thoothukudi Government Hospital on 18 September 1999 with 38 injuries. The RDO enquiry under PSO 145 and the States own G.O.Ms. No. 1284/2000 found brutal torture by the named duty personnel and ordered criminal prosecution and departmental action, but no action was shown taken. The court held the detention without authority violated Article 22(1) and the D.K. Basu safeguards, directed the State to pay Rs.8 lakhs within four weeks, and ordered proceedings against the guilty officers with recovery from their personal salaries if necessary.", "court_quote": "The petitioner lost her only breadwinner by the gruesome act committed by the policemen functioning under the control of the third respondent.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC (K. Chandru, J.) allowed W.P. 6195/2000: custodial torture-death of a Thoothukudi man proved (38 injuries); Rs.8L compensation plus action/salary recovery against 10 named policemen.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-01-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 800,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2009) 01 MAD CK 0111", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/28795/krishnammal-appellant-hash-state-of-tamil-nadu-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/271846/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-66" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0373", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sankarankoil Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Sankarankoil Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tenkasi", "district_at_time": "Tirunelveli", "city_town": "Sankarankoil", "police_station_or_unit": "Sankarankoil Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Sankarankoil Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 11569 of 1999", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P.K. Misra, J.", "K. Chandru, J." ], "judgment_date": "2009-03-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "1998-09-16", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 21", "Constitution of India Article 22(1)", "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Vasudevanallur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.18, "jev_p_culpable": 0.8, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Vasudevanallur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Sankarankoil Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.23, "jev_p_culpable": 0.74, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Sankarankoil Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Sankarankoil Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.23, "jev_p_culpable": 0.74, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Sankarankoil Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable Grade I", "unit": "Sankarankoil Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.21, "jev_p_culpable": 0.77, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable Grade I, Sankarankoil Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable Grade I", "unit": "Sankarankoil Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.27, "jev_p_culpable": 0.72, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable Grade I, Sankarankoil Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Station Writer, Grade I Constable", "unit": "Sankarankoil Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.26, "jev_p_culpable": 0.74, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Station Writer, Grade I Constable, Sankarankoil Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Sankarankoil man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/875091/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court ordered the Government of Tamil Nadu to pay Rs 2,00,000 as compensation for the custodial death of a Sankarankoil man inside the lockup of Sankarankoil Police Station on 16.09.1998. The deceased had been rounded up without arrest entries being recorded in the general diary, in direct breach of Article 22(1) of the Constitution and the Supreme Court's D.K. Basu guidelines. Justices P.K. Misra and K. Chandru held that the illegal arrest and total lack of care in preserving the detainee's life were sufficiently established to impose public law liability upon the State, irrespective of the RDO's preliminary finding of suicide by hanging. The Court directed disbursement of the compensation to the deceased's widow within eight weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court ordered the Government of Tamil Nadu to pay Rs 2,00,000 as compensation for the custodial death of a Sankarankoil man inside the lockup of Sankarankoil Police Station on 16.09.1998. The deceased had been rounded up without arrest entries being recorded in the general diary, in direct breach of Article 22(1) of the Constitution and the Supreme Court's D.K. Basu guidelines. Justices P.K. Misra and K. Chandru held that the illegal arrest and total lack of care in preserving the detainee's life were sufficiently established to impose public law liability upon the State, irrespective of the RDO's preliminary finding of suicide by hanging. The Court directed disbursement of the compensation to the deceased's widow within eight weeks.", "court_quote": "the illegal arrest of Late a Sankarankoil man and lack of care in saving his life while in police custody are sufficiently proved and those findings established here are enough to order compensation by the State", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation for lockup death of a Sankarankoil man following illegal arrest by Sankarankoil police.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-03-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 11569 of 1999", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/875091/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-009", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0444", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sathyamangalam Police Sub-Inspector v. State by Public Prosecutor", "display_title_redacted": "Sathyamangalam Police Sub-Inspector v. State by Public Prosecutor", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Erode", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Sathyamangalam", "police_station_or_unit": "Sathyamangalam Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Sathyamangalam Police Sub-Inspector v. State by Public Prosecutor", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 402 of 2002", "citation": "(2009) 6 SCC 462", "judges": [ "Arijit Pasayat", "D.K. Jain", "M.K. Sharma" ], "judgment_date": "2009-05-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "1991-07-06", "incident_year": 1991, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7 r/w s.12", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2) r/w s.13(1)(d) r/w s.12" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Subbu Singh", "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Sathyamangalam Police Station, Erode", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Subbu Singh", "display": "Subbu Singh (Sub-Inspector)" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": null, "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Sathyamangalam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1313476/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court upheld the Madras High Court's reversal of acquittal and conviction of Sub-Inspector Subbu Singh, who had demanded Rs.500 through his friend [name withheld] from the family of an assault victim before allowing hospital treatment, accepting Rs.100. The Court held that an experienced police officer's unexplained taking of money, coupled with his failure to act against the alleged bribe-giver, proved guilt beyond doubt. It left the minimum sentences of six months (Section 7) and one year's rigorous imprisonment (Section 13) undisturbed and ordered surrender to custody. The co-accused [name withheld]'s acquittal was not interfered with. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court upheld the Madras High Court's reversal of acquittal and conviction of Sub-Inspector Subbu Singh, who had demanded Rs.500 through his friend [name withheld] from the family of an assault victim before allowing hospital treatment, accepting Rs.100. The Court held that an experienced police officer's unexplained taking of money, coupled with his failure to act against the alleged bribe-giver, proved guilt beyond doubt. It left the minimum sentences of six months (Section 7) and one year's rigorous imprisonment (Section 13) undisturbed and ordered surrender to custody. The co-accused [name withheld]'s acquittal was not interfered with.", "court_quote": "The accused was a police officer who knew the consequences of the bribe. He had not explained as to why he took up the money in his examination under Section 313 of the Code.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment text verified; SI bribe-via-intermediary conviction by HC upheld, surrender ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2009) 6 SCC 462", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2009-05-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(2009) 6 SCC 462", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1313476/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-39" ], "merged_case_id": "SWBRIBER-018", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0730", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Adirampattinam Man v. Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Adirampattinam Man v. Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Thanjavur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Adirampattinam", "police_station_or_unit": "Athirampatnam Police Station, Thanjavur", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Adirampattinam Man v. Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.A. Nos. 3120 and 3961 of 2003", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P.K. Misra", "R. Subbiah" ], "judgment_date": "2009-06-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "1994-11-27", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Athirampatnam PS, Thanjavur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Athirampatnam PS, Thanjavur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Athirampatnam PS, Thanjavur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Athirampatnam PS, Thanjavur" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Adirampattinam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/475804/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court Division Bench (Justices P.K. Misra and R. Subbiah, judgment by R. Subbiah, J.) dismissed both the State's and the heirs' appeals against the 8 August 2003 single-judge award of Rs 3 lakh for an Adirampattinam man's illegal detention. Taken to Athirampatnam police station on 27 November 1994 over a robbery complaint, an Adirampattinam man was kept in unrecorded custody till production before the Magistrate on 3 December 1994 with severe injuries, a detention the State admitted in appeal. Upholding the award with interest lying in deposit (releasable via the Registrar General), the Court held D.K. Basu guidelines were given a go-by and Article 21 violated. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court Division Bench (Justices P.K. Misra and R. Subbiah, judgment by R. Subbiah, J.) dismissed both the State's and the heirs' appeals against the 8 August 2003 single-judge award of Rs 3 lakh for an Adirampattinam man's illegal detention. Taken to Athirampatnam police station on 27 November 1994 over a robbery complaint, an Adirampattinam man was kept in unrecorded custody till production before the Magistrate on 3 December 1994 with severe injuries, a detention the State admitted in appeal. Upholding the award with interest lying in deposit (releasable via the Registrar General), the Court held D.K. Basu guidelines were given a go-by and Article 21 violated.", "court_quote": "It is not disputed by the respondents in the appeal that the deceased appellant was in illegal custody from 27.11.1994 to 03.12.1994 i.e. more than a week and he was harassed by the 6th respondent.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC DB judgment verified on Indian Kanoon; admitted 6-day illegal custody, Rs 3L award upheld, both appeals dismissed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-06-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. Nos. 3120 and 3961 of 2003", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/475804/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-53" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-087", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0030", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1285", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ayilpatty Man vs Deputy Inspector General of Police, Vellore Range and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Ayilpatty Man vs Deputy Inspector General of Police, Vellore Range and Another", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Salem", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ayilpatty", "police_station_or_unit": "Ayilpatty Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ayilpatty Man vs Deputy Inspector General of Police, Vellore Range and Another", "case_number": "W.P. No.36278 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2009-10-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "1994-11-15", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable Grade I", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Ayilpatty Police Station, Salem District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable Grade I, Ayilpatty Police Station, Salem District" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ayilpatty man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ayilpatty man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ayilpatty man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 3, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1449034/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Grade-I Constable challenged the penalty of reduction in pay by two stages for two years with cumulative effect for stripping three schoolboys naked and beating them with a stick at Ayilpatty police station in November 1994. The court examined the PSO 145 enquiry, medical evidence, and hospital records showing the boys' admission as inpatients, and found the evidence sufficient to hold him guilty despite later retractions. The court held that custodial torture strikes at Article 21 and that the penalty was commensurate with the misconduct. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Grade-I Constable challenged the penalty of reduction in pay by two stages for two years with cumulative effect for stripping three schoolboys naked and beating them with a stick at Ayilpatty police station in November 1994. The court examined the PSO 145 enquiry, medical evidence, and hospital records showing the boys' admission as inpatients, and found the evidence sufficient to hold him guilty despite later retractions. The court held that custodial torture strikes at Article 21 and that the penalty was commensurate with the misconduct. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs.", "court_quote": "This Court is fully satisfied that the evidence recorded by the authorities are sufficient to hold the petitioner guilty.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed constable's writ; upheld pay-reduction penalty for stripping and beating three schoolboys.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-10-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "W.P. No.36278 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1449034/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-014", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0033", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1284", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man vs The Secretary to Government and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man vs The Secretary to Government and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man vs The Secretary to Government and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.12599 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2009-11-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "1993-06-22", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Central Crime Branch, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Central Crime Branch, Chennai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 380000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1478506/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Inspector challenged the recovery of Rs.76,000 from his salary toward the Rs.3.8 lakh compensation paid to Tmt. Meena for the 1993 custodial death of her husband [name withheld] at the E-2 Royapettah lock-up. The court found that the earlier compensation order fixing joint tort responsibility on five policemen, with liberty to recover from them, had become final without appeal and after hearing him. The court held that neither his criminal acquittal nor the quashing of departmental proceedings could defeat the tort recovery. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Inspector challenged the recovery of Rs.76,000 from his salary toward the Rs.3.8 lakh compensation paid to Tmt. Meena for the 1993 custodial death of her husband [name withheld] at the E-2 Royapettah lock-up. The court found that the earlier compensation order fixing joint tort responsibility on five policemen, with liberty to recover from them, had become final without appeal and after hearing him. The court held that neither his criminal acquittal nor the quashing of departmental proceedings could defeat the tort recovery. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs.", "court_quote": "The payment of compensation arose out of a tort liability of the State in which the petitioner also had a joint responsibility in compensating for such tortious acts.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed Inspector's writ; upheld Rs.76,000 salary recovery toward Rs.3.8 lakh custodial-death compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-11-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 380,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.12599 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1478506/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1286", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ambiligai Man vs Secretary to Government and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Ambiligai Man vs Secretary to Government and Another", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Dindigul", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ambiligai", "police_station_or_unit": "Ambiligai Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ambiligai Man vs Secretary to Government and Another", "case_number": "W.P. No.34155 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2009-12-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "1992-01-08", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Ambiligai Police Station, Dindigul District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Ambiligai Police Station, Dindigul District" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ambiligai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1636343/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Head Constable challenged the recovery of Rs.15,000 from his salary toward the Rs.1 lakh paid from the Chief Minister's Public Relief Fund to the family of an Ambiligai man, who died in the Ambiligai police lock-up in January 1992. The court found that the departmental enquiry had proved unlawful detention of over three days with use of excessive force causing death, for which he had already suffered a minor penalty that became final. The court held that making good the Government's loss was an automatic consequence and that his conduct clearly conflicted with D.K. Basu. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Head Constable challenged the recovery of Rs.15,000 from his salary toward the Rs.1 lakh paid from the Chief Minister's Public Relief Fund to the family of an Ambiligai man, who died in the Ambiligai police lock-up in January 1992. The court found that the departmental enquiry had proved unlawful detention of over three days with use of excessive force causing death, for which he had already suffered a minor penalty that became final. The court held that making good the Government's loss was an automatic consequence and that his conduct clearly conflicted with D.K. Basu. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs.", "court_quote": "The conduct exhibited by the petitioner, namely, detaining a person unlawfully in the lock up for more than three days and where the detenu also subsequently died cannot be condoned.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed Head Constable's writ; upheld Rs.15,000 recovery toward Rs.1 lakh relief for 1992 lock-up death.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-12-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.34155 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1636343/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-015", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0020", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0834", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Salem Man, [name withheld] and [name withheld] v. National Human Rights Commission and State of Tamil Nadu", "display_title_redacted": "Salem Man, [name withheld] and [name withheld] v. National Human Rights Commission and State of Tamil Nadu", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Salem", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Salem", "police_station_or_unit": "Strong-room guard, Mohan Kumaramangalam Government Medical College Hospital", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Salem Man, [name withheld] and [name withheld] v. National Human Rights Commission and State of Tamil Nadu", "case_number": "W.P. Nos. 27281 to 27283 of 2009", "citation": "(2010) 01 MAD CK 0048", "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-01-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2000-12-24", "incident_year": 2000, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 226", "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.18(3)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Control Room", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Control Room" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Central Crime Branch", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Central Crime Branch" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Fainance Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, Fainance Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Salem man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/29077/a-sundaram-n-sidhan-and-p-jayavel-appellant-hash-national-human-rights-commission-and-state-of-t/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/29077/pdf/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Remand prisoner a Salem man hanged himself on 24 December 2000 in the strong room of Mohan Kumaramangalam Government Medical College Hospital, Salem, while the three petitioner-policemen were in charge of the guard. The RDO enquiry under PSO 145 and the NHRC found the death in judicial custody was due to the negligence of the strong-room police personnel, and the State paid Rs.50,000 interim compensation to the next of kin. The State ordered recovery of the amount from the three policemen in instalments along with a departmental warning. The court dismissed their writ petitions, holding the States pecuniary loss recoverable from those responsible, with liberty to seek refund if the pending NHRC proceedings exonerate them.", "summary_verified": "Remand prisoner a Salem man hanged himself on 24 December 2000 in the strong room of Mohan Kumaramangalam Government Medical College Hospital, Salem, while the three petitioner-policemen were in charge of the guard. The RDO enquiry under PSO 145 and the NHRC found the death in judicial custody was due to the negligence of the strong-room police personnel, and the State paid Rs.50,000 interim compensation to the next of kin. The State ordered recovery of the amount from the three policemen in instalments along with a departmental warning. The court dismissed their writ petitions, holding the States pecuniary loss recoverable from those responsible, with liberty to seek refund if the pending NHRC proceedings exonerate them.", "court_quote": "Therefore, there is no difficulty for the respondents in ordering recovery, since payment of interim compensation was a loss to the State. Such a pecuniary loss can always be directed to be recovered from the persons, who are responsible.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC (K. Chandru, J.) dismissed W.P. 27281-27283/2009: recovery of Rs.50,000 compensation from salaries of 3 negligent policemen upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-01-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2010) 01 MAD CK 0048", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/29077/a-sundaram-n-sidhan-and-p-jayavel-appellant-hash-national-human-rights-commission-and-state-of-t/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/29077/pdf/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-66" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0021", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1283", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nagapattinam Man vs Superintendent of Police, Nagapattinam and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Nagapattinam Man vs Superintendent of Police, Nagapattinam and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Nagapattinam", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nagapattinam", "police_station_or_unit": "Nagapattinam Town Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Nagapattinam Man vs Superintendent of Police, Nagapattinam and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.77 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-01-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2008-01-01", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC s.59", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Nagapattinam Town Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Nagapattinam Town Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Nagapattinam Town Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Nagapattinam Town Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Nagapattinam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 513195, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1902024/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Sub-Inspector challenged the Government order recovering Rs.5,13,195 in equal shares from him and Head Constable toward compensation paid to the widow and minor children of a Nagapattinam man The court recalled that a Division Bench in habeas corpus proceedings had held both policemen responsible for a Nagapattinam man's illegal detention and consequent death, applying the last-seen principle to the missing detenu, and that the Supreme Court had dismissed the State's SLP. The court held that recovery of State-borne tort liability from the guilty officers' salaries was lawful. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Sub-Inspector challenged the Government order recovering Rs.5,13,195 in equal shares from him and Head Constable toward compensation paid to the widow and minor children of a Nagapattinam man The court recalled that a Division Bench in habeas corpus proceedings had held both policemen responsible for a Nagapattinam man's illegal detention and consequent death, applying the last-seen principle to the missing detenu, and that the Supreme Court had dismissed the State's SLP. The court held that recovery of State-borne tort liability from the guilty officers' salaries was lawful. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs.", "court_quote": "In any event, when there is liability fixed on the State for payment of compensation, the petitioner, who was directly responsible for the State's liability to pay the amount, is also bound to make good the loss.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed SI's writ; upheld equal recovery of Rs.5,13,195 compensation for illegal detention and death of detenu.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-01-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 513,195.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.77 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1902024/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-012", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0027", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0835", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Tiruchirappalli Man v. State of Tamil Nadu \\& Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Tiruchirappalli Man v. State of Tamil Nadu \\& Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruchirappalli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Tiruchirappalli", "police_station_or_unit": "Edamalaipattiputhur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Tiruchirappalli Man v. State of Tamil Nadu \\& Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 17837 of 2008", "citation": "MANU/TN/0425/2010", "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-04-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2008-01-04", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police (Vigilance)", "unit": "Vigilance", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police (Vigilance), Vigilance" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Edamalaipattiputhur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Edamalaipattiputhur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Tiruchirappalli man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.legalindia.com/judgments/prabavathy-vs-the-state-of-tamil-nadu-on-23-april-2010", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/287052/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Tiruchirappalli man, a retired Fire Officer, was picked up on 4 January 2008 and illegally detained at Edamalaipattiputhur police station, where he was beaten with lathis with his hands tied by a group led by DSP (Vigilance) [name withheld]. An FIR was registered only on 6 January 2008 before remand; the jail doctor recorded contusions on both hands at admission. He was hospitalised on 12 January 2008 and died on 22 January 2008. The court held the illegal arrest without D.K. Basu compliance and the lock-up torture proved by the jail admission record, accident register and hospital history sheet, and directed the State to pay Rs.5 lakhs within eight weeks, declining recovery from officers since the Government had dropped further action on the RDO report. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Tiruchirappalli man, a retired Fire Officer, was picked up on 4 January 2008 and illegally detained at Edamalaipattiputhur police station, where he was beaten with lathis with his hands tied by a group led by DSP (Vigilance) [name withheld]. An FIR was registered only on 6 January 2008 before remand; the jail doctor recorded contusions on both hands at admission. He was hospitalised on 12 January 2008 and died on 22 January 2008. The court held the illegal arrest without D.K. Basu compliance and the lock-up torture proved by the jail admission record, accident register and hospital history sheet, and directed the State to pay Rs.5 lakhs within eight weeks, declining recovery from officers since the Government had dropped further action on the RDO report.", "court_quote": "This Court is of the view that the petitioner has made out a strong case regarding the illegal arrest of her husband and the subsequent torture in the police lock-up before the admission to Central Prison. Moreover, the petitioner's husband was arrested without following the guidelines laid down in D.K.Basu case.", "court_quote_para": "16", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC (K. Chandru, J.) allowed W.P. 17837/2008: illegal arrest/detention and lock-up torture proved; Rs.5L compensation ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-04-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "MANU/TN/0425/2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.legalindia.com/judgments/prabavathy-vs-the-state-of-tamil-nadu-on-23-april-2010", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/287052/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-66" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0028", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1279", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Avadi Woman vs The Secretary to the Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Avadi Woman vs The Secretary to the Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruvallur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Avadi", "police_station_or_unit": "F2 Tank Factory Police Station, Avadi; GC, CRPF, Avadi", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Avadi Woman vs The Secretary to the Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.14781 of 2004", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-04-27", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2004-01-23", "incident_year": 2004, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 21", "CrPC s.160" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Subedar Major (Inspector of Police)", "unit": "GC, CRPF, Avadi, Chennai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Subedar Major (Inspector of Police), GC, CRPF, Avadi, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Muthapudhupet, Incharge F2 Tank Factory Police Station, Avadi", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Muthapudhupet, Incharge F2 Tank Factory Police Station, Avadi" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Muthapudhupet, F2 Tank Factory Police Station, Avadi", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Muthapudhupet, F2 Tank Factory Police Station, Avadi" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Avadi woman" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Avadi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "central_armed", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1841762/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. On the night of 23.1.2004, local police led by Inspector with CRPF men led by Subedar raided the quarters of widower an Avadi man during a birthday dinner, abused and assaulted him, and dragged petitioner [name withheld], a postgraduate teacher, by her hair into a jeep, outraging her modesty. Both families with children were kept at F2 Tank Factory Police Station till 2 a.m. and freed without enquiry, and the incident was widely published, causing the petitioner public disgrace. The Court held the CrPC does not permit taking a woman to a police station at midnight for questioning and that moral policing and snooping into private affairs are unlawful. It directed CRPF respondents 2 and 3 to pay Rs.5,00,000 compensation within eight weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On the night of 23.1.2004, local police led by Inspector with CRPF men led by Subedar raided the quarters of widower an Avadi man during a birthday dinner, abused and assaulted him, and dragged petitioner [name withheld], a postgraduate teacher, by her hair into a jeep, outraging her modesty. Both families with children were kept at F2 Tank Factory Police Station till 2 a.m. and freed without enquiry, and the incident was widely published, causing the petitioner public disgrace. The Court held the CrPC does not permit taking a woman to a police station at midnight for questioning and that moral policing and snooping into private affairs are unlawful. It directed CRPF respondents 2 and 3 to pay Rs.5,00,000 compensation within eight weeks.", "court_quote": "That there was a complaint from neighbours was not borne out by records and the assault and outraging the modesty of the petitioner and public humiliation heaped on her is not denied by any counter affidavit either by the State Police and in the counter affidavit by the other respondents.", "court_quote_para": "33", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held midnight raid, assault, modesty outrage and illegal detention proved; Rs.5 lakh compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-04-27", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.14781 of 2004", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1841762/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0030", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1281", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] vs The Deputy Inspector General of Police, Vellore Range and Another", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] vs The Deputy Inspector General of Police, Vellore Range and Another", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tirupattur", "district_at_time": "Vellore", "city_town": "Tirupattur", "police_station_or_unit": "Tirupattur Town Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] vs The Deputy Inspector General of Police, Vellore Range and Another", "case_number": "W.P. No.1811 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "N. Paul Vasanthakumar" ], "judgment_date": "2010-06-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "1991-12-11", "incident_year": 1991, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Tamil Nadu Forest Act 1882 s.36(E)", "TN Sandalwood Possession Rules 1970 r.3(1)", "Probation of Offenders Act 1958 s.4", "Probation of Offenders Act 1958 s.12", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-II Police Constable", "unit": "Tirupattur Town Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-II Police Constable, Tirupattur Town Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/87354/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Grade-II Constable of Tirupattur Town Police Station challenged his dismissal and the rejection of his reinstatement plea following his conviction for concealing sandalwood in a 1991 forest offence. The court found that the conviction under the Tamil Nadu Forest Act stood confirmed through appeal and revision, with only the sentence of imprisonment set aside in favour of release on probation. The court held that the department was entitled to remove a convicted constable and, applying Trikha Ram, treated the dismissal as a removal so as not to disqualify him from future employment. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Grade-II Constable of Tirupattur Town Police Station challenged his dismissal and the rejection of his reinstatement plea following his conviction for concealing sandalwood in a 1991 forest offence. The court found that the conviction under the Tamil Nadu Forest Act stood confirmed through appeal and revision, with only the sentence of imprisonment set aside in favour of release on probation. The court held that the department was entitled to remove a convicted constable and, applying Trikha Ram, treated the dismissal as a removal so as not to disqualify him from future employment. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs.", "court_quote": "Here, the conviction imposed against the petitioner is not set aside and the leniency was shown to the petitioner only in respect of sentence after noticing the fact of dismissal of the petitioner from his service.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed constable's writ; removal from service for a standing forest-offence conviction upheld (off-duty crime, borderline scope).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-06-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "W.P. No.1811 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/87354/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0465", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Madurai Man v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Madurai Man v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Keeraithurai PS", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Madurai Man v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No. 5272 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Manikumar" ], "judgment_date": "2010-08-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2004-12-04", "incident_year": 2004, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Keeraithurai PS, Madurai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.65, "jev_p_culpable": 0.66, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Keeraithurai PS, Madurai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Keeraithurai PS, Madurai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.66, "jev_p_culpable": 0.67, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Keeraithurai PS, Madurai" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": 26, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Madurai man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1109401/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court (Madurai Bench) allowed Sangaiyya's writ for his 26-year-old son's custodial death at Keeraithurai police station in December 2004 after being picked up for drinking near a liquor shop. The Court awarded Rs 5 lakh to the legal heirs, structured as Rs 1 lakh each to the father and widow and Rs 3 lakh in fixed deposit for the minor children. It noted the Government had already ordered prosecution and departmental action against the responsible personnel. Recovery of the compensation from their salaries was directed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (Madurai Bench) allowed Sangaiyya's writ for his 26-year-old son's custodial death at Keeraithurai police station in December 2004 after being picked up for drinking near a liquor shop. The Court awarded Rs 5 lakh to the legal heirs, structured as Rs 1 lakh each to the father and widow and Rs 3 lakh in fixed deposit for the minor children. It noted the Government had already ordered prosecution and departmental action against the responsible personnel. Recovery of the compensation from their salaries was directed.", "court_quote": "The said amount is further directed to be recovered from the salary of the police personnel, who were prima facie found by the government to be responsible for the death.", "court_quote_para": "45", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC awarded Rs 5L with recovery from salaries of responsible personnel.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-08-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No. 5272 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1109401/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-42" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-041", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0033", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1276", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The Secretary, Home Department and Others vs Damayanthi and Others", "display_title_redacted": "The Secretary, Home Department and Others vs Damayanthi and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Erode", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bhavani", "police_station_or_unit": "Armed Reserve Police, II Platoon, Erode (escort party)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The Secretary, Home Department and Others vs Damayanthi and Others", "case_number": "A.S. No.512 of 2010 and M.P. No.1 of 2010 (against O.S. No.35 of 2004, FTC-IV Bhavani)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-09-03", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "1998-04-07", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CPC s.96", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Reserve Constable", "unit": "Armed Reserve Police, II Platoon, Erode", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Reserve Constable, Armed Reserve Police, II Platoon, Erode" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Armed Reserve Constable", "unit": "Armed Reserve Police, II Platoon, Erode", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Armed Reserve Constable, Armed Reserve Police, II Platoon, Erode" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Bhavani man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1042476/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Undertrial Jambu @ a Bhavani man (prisoner No.6030, Central Prison Coimbatore) was being escorted back from the JM Court, Bhavani on 7.4.1998 when armed miscreants dragged him from town bus route No.83 at Bhavani Flower Bazaar Junction and murdered him. His family sued for damages alleging negligence of the two Armed Reserve escorts, and the trial court decreed Rs.1 lakh with 7.5% interest against the State and both constables jointly and severally. The Court held an undertrial must be presumed innocent and the State vicariously liable for death caused by the carelessness and negligence of the two named escorts. It dismissed the State's appeal with Rs.10,000 costs, enhancing interest to 12% per annum.", "summary_verified": "Undertrial Jambu @ a Bhavani man (prisoner No.6030, Central Prison Coimbatore) was being escorted back from the JM Court, Bhavani on 7.4.1998 when armed miscreants dragged him from town bus route No.83 at Bhavani Flower Bazaar Junction and murdered him. His family sued for damages alleging negligence of the two Armed Reserve escorts, and the trial court decreed Rs.1 lakh with 7.5% interest against the State and both constables jointly and severally. The Court held an undertrial must be presumed innocent and the State vicariously liable for death caused by the carelessness and negligence of the two named escorts. It dismissed the State's appeal with Rs.10,000 costs, enhancing interest to 12% per annum.", "court_quote": "Even otherwise, the State having failed to secure the life of the deceased had become vicariously liable for his death which had occurred due to the carelessness and negligence on the part of the two armed escorts, i.e. respondents 5 and 6.", "court_quote_para": "20", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC upheld damages decree for undertrial killed due to negligence of two named armed escorts.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-09-03", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "A.S. No.512 of 2010 and M.P. No.1 of 2010 (against O.S. No.35 of 2004, FTC-IV Bhavani)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1042476/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0034", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1282", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Madurai Woman vs The State Human Rights Commission and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Madurai Woman vs The State Human Rights Commission and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Thirunagar Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Madurai Woman vs The State Human Rights Commission and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.424 of 2007", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-09-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2003-01-01", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.18", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Thirunagar Police Station, Madurai District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Thirunagar Police Station, Madurai District" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Madurai woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 15000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/811872/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Woman Sub-Inspector challenged the SHRC recommendation of Rs.15,000 compensation to a Madurai woman, recoverable from her salary, for detaining a Madurai woman for four days at Thallakulam police station and beating her with a lathi during a 2003 murder investigation. The court found that she had clearly violated the Supreme Court's D.K. Basu directives, including the bar on bringing women to the station for enquiry and detaining them after sunset. Following earlier authority upholding identical SHRC-plus-recovery orders, the court dismissed the writ petition with no costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Woman Sub-Inspector challenged the SHRC recommendation of Rs.15,000 compensation to a Madurai woman, recoverable from her salary, for detaining a Madurai woman for four days at Thallakulam police station and beating her with a lathi during a 2003 murder investigation. The court found that she had clearly violated the Supreme Court's D.K. Basu directives, including the bar on bringing women to the station for enquiry and detaining them after sunset. Following earlier authority upholding identical SHRC-plus-recovery orders, the court dismissed the writ petition with no costs.", "court_quote": "The petitioner had clearly violated the directives of the Supreme Court in D.K. Basu v. State of W.B., reported in (1997) 1 SCC 416.", "court_quote_para": "6", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed woman SI's writ; upheld SHRC Rs.15,000 compensation with recovery for 4-day detention and lathi injuries.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-09-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 15,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No.424 of 2007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/811872/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-011", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1280", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Anjugramam Woman vs Anjugramam Woman and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Anjugramam Woman vs Anjugramam Woman and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kanyakumari", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Anjugramam", "police_station_or_unit": "Anjugramam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Anjugramam Woman vs Anjugramam Woman and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.12316 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-09-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2008-08-20", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.18", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Anjugramam Police Station, Kanyakumari District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Anjugramam Police Station, Kanyakumari District" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Anjugramam woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 30000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/139698/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Sub-Inspector of Anjugramam Police Station challenged the SHRC recommendation of Rs.30,000 compensation to complainant [name withheld], recovery of the sum from his salary, and related disciplinary action. The court found that he had refused to receive an Anjugramam woman's cognizable complaint about the demolition of her compound wall, threatened to book her instead, and drove her out of the station, making the elderly woman run from pillar to post. The court held that the SHRC had given him full opportunity, disbelieved his bandobust-duty alibi and compromise document, and that the State, having accepted the recommendation, could recover the compensation from the delinquent officer under D.K. Basu. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Sub-Inspector of Anjugramam Police Station challenged the SHRC recommendation of Rs.30,000 compensation to complainant [name withheld], recovery of the sum from his salary, and related disciplinary action. The court found that he had refused to receive an Anjugramam woman's cognizable complaint about the demolition of her compound wall, threatened to book her instead, and drove her out of the station, making the elderly woman run from pillar to post. The court held that the SHRC had given him full opportunity, disbelieved his bandobust-duty alibi and compromise document, and that the State, having accepted the recommendation, could recover the compensation from the delinquent officer under D.K. Basu. The writ petition was dismissed with no costs.", "court_quote": "The petitioner having harassed the first respondent by not even taking the complaint sent by the first respondent on file, made the old woman to run around helplessly.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed SI's writ; upheld SHRC Rs.30,000 compensation with salary recovery for refusing a cognizable complaint.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-09-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 30,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No.12316 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/139698/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-009", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0039", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1277", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Puliyangudi Man vs The Government of Tamil Nadu and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Puliyangudi Man vs The Government of Tamil Nadu and Another", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tenkasi", "district_at_time": "Tirunelveli", "city_town": "Puliyangudi", "police_station_or_unit": "Puliyangudi Police Station lock-up (Cr.No.277 of 1998)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Puliyangudi Man vs The Government of Tamil Nadu and Another", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.4516 of 2010 and M.P.(MD) No.2 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-11-24", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "1998-09-16", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Grade I Police Constable", "unit": "Sankarankoil Police Station (on duty at Puliyangudi Police Station lock-up)", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade I Police Constable, Sankarankoil Police Station (on duty at Puliyangudi Police Station lock-up)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Puliyangudi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1006682/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Accused a Puliyangudi man (Puliyangudi PS Cr.No.277 of 1998) hanged himself in the Puliyangudi lock-up on 16.09.1998 using his lungi as a noose. Grade I Constable faced departmental charges of letting the detainee keep the lungi, failing lock-up watch, fleeing after seeing him struggle, keeping no detention record and creating a false document, all held proved in PR No.125 of 2000. A Division Bench had ordered Rs.2 lakh compensation to widow [name withheld] (W.P. No.11569 of 1999, 2009 (3) MLJ 702), and the State fixed recovery shares on four policemen including Rs.33,684 on the petitioner. The Court held the petitioner had already suffered a penalty on the same score, the State was right in ordering recovery, and dismissed the writ. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Accused a Puliyangudi man (Puliyangudi PS Cr.No.277 of 1998) hanged himself in the Puliyangudi lock-up on 16.09.1998 using his lungi as a noose. Grade I Constable faced departmental charges of letting the detainee keep the lungi, failing lock-up watch, fleeing after seeing him struggle, keeping no detention record and creating a false document, all held proved in PR No.125 of 2000. A Division Bench had ordered Rs.2 lakh compensation to widow [name withheld] (W.P. No.11569 of 1999, 2009 (3) MLJ 702), and the State fixed recovery shares on four policemen including Rs.33,684 on the petitioner. The Court held the petitioner had already suffered a penalty on the same score, the State was right in ordering recovery, and dismissed the writ.", "court_quote": "In the present case, the division bench of this court had found that all policemen including the petitioner were guilty and liability was fixed on the State to pay the sum of Rs.2 lakhs. Hence the State is bound to give effect to the order of this court.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC upheld recovery of lock-up-death compensation share from negligent constable (charges proved).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-11-24", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No.4516 of 2010 and M.P.(MD) No.2 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1006682/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0040", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0836", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Aruppukkottai Man and Others v. National Human Rights Commission and the State Government", "display_title_redacted": "Aruppukkottai Man and Others v. National Human Rights Commission and the State Government", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Virudhunagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Aruppukkottai", "police_station_or_unit": "Pandalkudi Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Aruppukkottai Man and Others v. National Human Rights Commission and the State Government", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) Nos. 1645 and 10479 of 2009", "citation": "(2010) 12 MAD CK 0112", "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2010-12-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "2004-05-07", "incident_year": 2004, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory_display": "disproportionate force", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.17", "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.18(c)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pandalkudi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Pandalkudi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pandalkudi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Pandalkudi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pandalkudi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Pandalkudi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pandalkudi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:unclear", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "unclear", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Pandalkudi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable Grade-II", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pandalkudi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:unclear", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "unclear", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable Grade-II, Pandalkudi Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Aruppukkottai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/68974/v-kumaravel-and-others-appellant-hash-national-human-rights-commission-and-the-state-government-/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/68974/pdf/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. On 7 May 2004, Pandalkudi police personnel led by SI dragged serving Army officer Captain Ganesan from his car and beat him with iron rods in a savage manner after an altercation at Danalakshmi lodge; his father and an advocate were also beaten. The RDO Aruppukkottai enquiry under PSO 151 found grievous injuries caused by excessive police force, and the NHRC found the assault and torture true, recommending Rs.1 lakh interim relief. The State paid Rs.1 lakh (G.Os. Ms. 232/2008 and 610/2008) and ordered recovery from the five policemen. The court dismissed their writ petitions, holding the recoveries from salaries shall continue without prejudice to the pending departmental action and NHRC proceedings.", "summary_verified": "On 7 May 2004, Pandalkudi police personnel led by SI dragged serving Army officer Captain Ganesan from his car and beat him with iron rods in a savage manner after an altercation at Danalakshmi lodge; his father and an advocate were also beaten. The RDO Aruppukkottai enquiry under PSO 151 found grievous injuries caused by excessive police force, and the NHRC found the assault and torture true, recommending Rs.1 lakh interim relief. The State paid Rs.1 lakh (G.Os. Ms. 232/2008 and 610/2008) and ordered recovery from the five policemen. The court dismissed their writ petitions, holding the recoveries from salaries shall continue without prejudice to the pending departmental action and NHRC proceedings.", "court_quote": "In fact, the Petitioners themselves have filed the deposition of the complainant [name withheld] in the typed set which clearly showed that the Petitioners had assaulted the serving personnel of the Indian Army.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC (K. Chandru, J.) dismissed W.P.(MD) 1645/10479 of 2009: assault/torture of Captain Ganesan held true; salary recoveries of Rs.1L compensation to continue.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-12-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2010) 12 MAD CK 0112", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "outcome_type" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/68974/v-kumaravel-and-others-appellant-hash-national-human-rights-commission-and-the-state-government-/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/68974/pdf/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-66" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0364", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mehboob Batcha and Others vs State Rep. by Superintendent of Police", "display_title_redacted": "Mehboob Batcha and Others vs State Rep. by Superintendent of Police", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": "South Arcot", "city_town": "Chidambaram", "police_station_or_unit": "Annamalai Nagar Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mehboob Batcha and Others vs State Rep. by Superintendent of Police", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1511 of 2003", "citation": "(2011) 7 SCC 745", "judges": [ "Markandey Katju, J.", "Gyan Sudha Misra, J." ], "judgment_date": "2011-03-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1992-05-30", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 376(2)(a)", "IPC 343", "IPC 348", "IPC 323", "IPC 330", "IPC 354", "IPC 218", "IPC 220", "IPC 109" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Mehboob Batcha", "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Annamalai Nagar Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Mehboob Batcha", "display": "Mehboob Batcha (Sub-Inspector)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector (SHO)", "unit": "Annamalai Nagar Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.23, "jev_p_culpable": 0.84, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector (SHO), Annamalai Nagar Police Station" }, { "name": "A-3", "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Annamalai Nagar Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "A-3", "display": "A-3 (Head Constable)" }, { "name": "A-6", "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Annamalai Nagar Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "A-6", "display": "A-6 (Constable)" }, { "name": "A-8", "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Annamalai Nagar Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "A-8", "display": "A-8 (Constable)" }, { "name": "A-10", "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Annamalai Nagar Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "A-10", "display": "A-10 (Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Chidambaram woman", "name": null }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chidambaram man", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "the complainant" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a man" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 10.0, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/421778/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/26071083/" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of police personnel convicted for the brutal May-June 1992 atrocities at Annamalai Nagar Police Station, where suspect a man was tortured to death with lathis and his wife the complainant was subjected to barbaric custodial gang-rape. Affirming the concurrent convictions by the trial court and the Madras High Court, the bench led by Justice Markandey Katju held the testimonies of 37 prosecution witnesses, particularly the harrowing account of victim the complainant, to be credible beyond reasonable doubt. The Court strongly criticized the failure of lower courts and investigators to frame charges under Section 302 IPC for murder, observing that custodial killings by police are rarest of rare crimes deserving the death penalty, but upheld the 10-year rigorous imprisonment sentences under Section 376(2)(a) IPC as well as convictions for wrongful confinement and voluntarily causing hurt. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of police personnel convicted for the brutal May-June 1992 atrocities at Annamalai Nagar Police Station, where suspect [name withheld] was tortured to death with lathis and his wife [name withheld] was subjected to barbaric custodial gang-rape. Affirming the concurrent convictions by the trial court and the Madras High Court, the bench led by Justice Markandey Katju held the testimonies of 37 prosecution witnesses, particularly the harrowing account of victim [name withheld], to be credible beyond reasonable doubt. The Court strongly criticized the failure of lower courts and investigators to frame charges under Section 302 IPC for murder, observing that custodial killings by police are rarest of rare crimes deserving the death penalty, but upheld the 10-year rigorous imprisonment sentences under Section 376(2)(a) IPC as well as convictions for wrongful confinement and voluntarily causing hurt.", "court_quote": "Both the trial Court and the High Court have found the appellants guilty and we see no reason to disagree with their verdict. To prove the charges the prosecution examined as many as 37 witnesses, and they have proved the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.", "court_quote_para": "5", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Supreme Court upheld conviction of police personnel for gang rape of Padmini and custodial torture of deceased [name withheld] at Annamalai Nagar PS.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2011) 7 SCC 745", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2011-03-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(2011) 7 SCC 745", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/421778/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/26071083/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-013", "officers_named_public": 5, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0031", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1272", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Keeriparai Woman vs State Represented By Its Secretary and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Keeriparai Woman vs State Represented By Its Secretary and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kanyakumari", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Keeriparai", "police_station_or_unit": "Keeriparai Police Station (custody chain: Kadayanallur PS, Tirunelveli to Aralvaimozhi PS, Kanyakumari)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Keeriparai Woman vs State Represented By Its Secretary and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.8138 of 2008 & M.P.(MD) No.1 of 2008", "citation": null, "judges": [ "D. Hariparanthaman" ], "judgment_date": "2011-07-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2005-11-30", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 342", "IPC 344", "IPC 193", "IPC 218", "IPC 506(ii)", "IPC 201 r/w 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Nagercoil Town, Kanyakumari District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, Nagercoil Town, Kanyakumari District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "unit": "District Crime Branch, Nagercoil", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, District Crime Branch, Nagercoil" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Vadaseri Police Station, Nagercoil", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Vadaseri Police Station, Nagercoil" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Kadayanallur Police Station, Tirunelveli District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Kadayanallur Police Station, Tirunelveli District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable No.1691", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable No.1691, Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable No.1568", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable No.1568, Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Aralvaimozhi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Aralvaimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Rajakamangalam Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Rajakamangalam Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Pudur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Pudur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector (retired)", "unit": "Economic Offences", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector (retired), Economic Offences" } ], "officer_count": 13, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Keeriparai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 786000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1236320/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Keeriparai man was picked up from his home by Kadayanallur police on 28.11.2005 and handed to Aralvaimozhi police the same day for enquiry in a dacoity case. The Court found he was kept in illegal custody at Keeriparai Police Station till 30.11.2005, tortured to death by third-degree methods, and his body disposed of to escape a murder charge, as established by the CBCID report, the RDO enquiry and G.O.Ms.No.1322. Relying on the State's own counter and the CBCID findings, the Court held his arrest and illegal custody proved and his human and fundamental rights grossly violated. It directed the State to pay Rs.7,86,000 compensation with 6% interest from 23.11.2009 within eight weeks, leaving the pending criminal trial (PRC No.58 of 2009) and civil remedies open.", "summary_verified": "A Keeriparai man was picked up from his home by Kadayanallur police on 28.11.2005 and handed to Aralvaimozhi police the same day for enquiry in a dacoity case. The Court found he was kept in illegal custody at Keeriparai Police Station till 30.11.2005, tortured to death by third-degree methods, and his body disposed of to escape a murder charge, as established by the CBCID report, the RDO enquiry and G.O.Ms.No.1322. Relying on the State's own counter and the CBCID findings, the Court held his arrest and illegal custody proved and his human and fundamental rights grossly violated. It directed the State to pay Rs.7,86,000 compensation with 6% interest from 23.11.2009 within eight weeks, leaving the pending criminal trial (PRC No.58 of 2009) and civil remedies open.", "court_quote": "In these circumstances, I have no hesitation to hold that human rights and fundamental rights of the husband of the petitioner was grossly violated.", "court_quote_para": "16", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held custodial torture/death proved on CBCID record and ordered Rs.7.86 lakh compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-07-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 786,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No.8138 of 2008 & M.P.(MD) No.1 of 2008", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1236320/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0037", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1274", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Resident vs The Additional Director General of Police and Commissioner of Police, Greater Chennai", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Resident vs The Additional Director General of Police and Commissioner of Police, Greater Chennai", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "Prohibition Enforcement Wing Police Station (Cr.No.45/87)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Resident vs The Additional Director General of Police and Commissioner of Police, Greater Chennai", "case_number": "W.P. No.49373 of 2006 (O.A. No.2816 of 2001)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2011-09-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1987-03-02", "incident_year": 1987, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act s.5(2)", "PC Act s.5(1)(d)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Prohibition Enforcement Wing, Greater Chennai Police", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Prohibition Enforcement Wing, Greater Chennai Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Chennai resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/124240723/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Inspector demanded Rs.10,000 for deleting accused [name withheld]'s name from PEW Cr.No.45/87 and accepted the first instalment of Rs.5,000 on 02.03.1987. He was convicted by the Special Judge, Tirunelveli in S.C. No.1/89 with one year RI and fine per count, and the conviction was confirmed by the High Court in Crl.A. No.25 of 2001. The Commissioner dismissed him from service for an offence involving moral turpitude under PSO 59(1). The Court held that only the sentence, not the conviction, had been suspended on appeal, and dismissed the writ, upholding the dismissal while protecting salary earned under interim orders from recovery.", "summary_verified": "Inspector demanded Rs.10,000 for deleting accused [name withheld]'s name from PEW Cr.No.45/87 and accepted the first instalment of Rs.5,000 on 02.03.1987. He was convicted by the Special Judge, Tirunelveli in S.C. No.1/89 with one year RI and fine per count, and the conviction was confirmed by the High Court in Crl.A. No.25 of 2001. The Commissioner dismissed him from service for an offence involving moral turpitude under PSO 59(1). The Court held that only the sentence, not the conviction, had been suspended on appeal, and dismissed the writ, upholding the dismissal while protecting salary earned under interim orders from recovery.", "court_quote": "Considering the fact that the petitioner got involved in a corruption case which was found proved by the Special Court and confirmed by this Court in the Criminal appeal and the petitioner being a member of the uniformed service he cannot be shown any leniency in such a matter.", "court_quote_para": "29", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC upheld dismissal of Inspector convicted of bribery; corruption conviction confirmed on appeal.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-09-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "W.P. No.49373 of 2006 (O.A. No.2816 of 2001)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/124240723/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0039", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1275", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Palayamkottai Man and Others vs State of Tamil Nadu and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Palayamkottai Man and Others vs State of Tamil Nadu and Another", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tirunelveli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Palayamkottai", "police_station_or_unit": "Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Palayamkottai Man and Others vs State of Tamil Nadu and Another", "case_number": "W.P. Nos.4657, 9674, 9675 and 11119 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2011-09-27", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2002-01-01", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226", "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.18" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade I Police Constable", "unit": "Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade I Police Constable, Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Palayamkottai Crime Police Station, Tirunelveli City" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Palayamkottai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/169413308/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Palayamkottai man of Eral complained to the NHRC that Palayamkottai Crime Station personnel foisted a false idol-theft case on him and pressured him to part with Rs.40,000. The NHRC found a prima facie human-rights violation and directed Rs.50,000 interim relief, which the State paid and ordered recovered equally from the seven policemen. Departmental charges were held proved against the personnel, who suffered postponement of increment for one year. The Court held policemen bound to honour NHRC interim compensation orders and dismissed all four writ petitions, sustaining the recovery of Rs.7,143 each. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Palayamkottai man of Eral complained to the NHRC that Palayamkottai Crime Station personnel foisted a false idol-theft case on him and pressured him to part with Rs.40,000. The NHRC found a prima facie human-rights violation and directed Rs.50,000 interim relief, which the State paid and ordered recovered equally from the seven policemen. Departmental charges were held proved against the personnel, who suffered postponement of increment for one year. The Court held policemen bound to honour NHRC interim compensation orders and dismissed all four writ petitions, sustaining the recovery of Rs.7,143 each.", "court_quote": "Excepting the case of the petitioner in W.P.No.4657 of 2009, in all other cases, in respect of the misconduct, an enquiry has been held and minor penalty has been imposed. Therefore, for any loss caused to the State, the policemen who were responsible for the loss are also bound to re-compensate the State for the same.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC sustained recovery from policemen of NHRC interim relief in false-case/extortion violation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-09-27", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 50,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. Nos.4657, 9674, 9675 and 11119 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/169413308/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0040", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0839", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chunambedu Man v. The National Human Rights Commission and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Chunambedu Man v. The National Human Rights Commission and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chengalpattu", "district_at_time": "Kanchipuram", "city_town": "Chunambedu", "police_station_or_unit": "Chunambedu Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chunambedu Man v. The National Human Rights Commission and Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 17327 of 2011", "citation": "(2011) 09 MAD CK 0309", "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2011-09-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2008-02-15", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Tamil Nadu Prohibition Act s.4(1)(i)", "Tamil Nadu Prohibition Act s.4(1-A)", "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Woman Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Chunambedu Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Woman Sub-Inspector, Chunambedu Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Chunambedu Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Chunambedu Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police (former Inspector)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Chunambedu Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police (former Inspector), Chunambedu Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Chunambedu Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Chunambedu Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Chunambedu Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Chunambedu Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Chunambedu Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Chunambedu Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 42, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chunambedu man, age 42" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/615283/d-kannagi-appellant-hash-the-national-human-rights-commission-the-state-human-rights-commission-/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/615283/pdf/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Chunambedu man (42), arrested on 12 February 2008 in a Prohibition Act case by Chunambedu police, told his wife on 14 February 2008 that he had been tortured, and was brought dead to Royapettah Hospital from Puzhal prison on 15 February 2008. The SDM enquiry under PSO 151 found he was tortured with third-degree methods before prison admission with a false no-injury entry, recommending departmental and criminal action against six policemen. The State paid Rs.3 lakhs compensation (Rs.1 lakh plus Rs.2 lakhs on NHRC direction) and issued a show-cause notice to recover Rs.50,000 from each of the six. The court dismissed the policemen writ petitions, holding the recoveries shall continue without prejudice to departmental action and NHRC proceedings. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Chunambedu man (42), arrested on 12 February 2008 in a Prohibition Act case by Chunambedu police, told his wife on 14 February 2008 that he had been tortured, and was brought dead to Royapettah Hospital from Puzhal prison on 15 February 2008. The SDM enquiry under PSO 151 found he was tortured with third-degree methods before prison admission with a false no-injury entry, recommending departmental and criminal action against six policemen. The State paid Rs.3 lakhs compensation (Rs.1 lakh plus Rs.2 lakhs on NHRC direction) and issued a show-cause notice to recover Rs.50,000 from each of the six. The court dismissed the policemen writ petitions, holding the recoveries shall continue without prejudice to departmental action and NHRC proceedings.", "court_quote": "The conduct of the policemen in treating an under trial and applying a third degree method against him cannot be condoned.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC (K. Chandru, J.) dismissed the policemen writs: third-degree torture of a Chunambedu man held proved; Rs.50,000 recovery each toward Rs.3L compensation to continue.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-09-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2011) 09 MAD CK 0309", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "outcome_type" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/615283/d-kannagi-appellant-hash-the-national-human-rights-commission-the-state-human-rights-commission-/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/615283/pdf/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-66" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-38-009", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0042", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1273", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Udagamandalam Man and Others vs The State and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Udagamandalam Man and Others vs The State and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "The Nilgiris", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Udagamandalam (Ooty)", "police_station_or_unit": "Town West Police Station, Ooty; Ooty Sub-Jail", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Udagamandalam Man and Others vs The State and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.26544 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2011-09-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2002-08-15", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Town West Police Station, Ooty", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Town West Police Station, Ooty" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Ooty police, Nilgiris District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Ooty police, Nilgiris District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Ooty police, Nilgiris District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Ooty police, Nilgiris District" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Ooty police, Nilgiris District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Ooty police, Nilgiris District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Prison Warden", "unit": "Ooty Sub-Jail", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Prison Warden, Ooty Sub-Jail" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Prison Warden", "unit": "Ooty Sub-Jail", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Prison Warden, Ooty Sub-Jail" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Udagamandalam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/110058172/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Undertrial Ramasamy @ a Udagamandalam man, lodged in Ooty Sub-Jail in Cr.No.204 of 2002, fell sick on the morning of 15.8.2002 and died about 10.45 a.m. after being left without timely medical treatment. The Court relied on the RDO Coonoor enquiry, which found injuries inflicted in the presence of police personnel, falsified jail-admission records, and a two-hour denial of treatment for chest pain. It held the subordinate police and jail officials solely responsible for the loss of life through callous indifference and the State vicariously liable. Enhancing compensation to Rs.5 lakh total, it directed the Rs.4 lakh balance paid within 12 weeks, recoverable from the delinquent policemen and wardens. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Undertrial Ramasamy @ a Udagamandalam man, lodged in Ooty Sub-Jail in Cr.No.204 of 2002, fell sick on the morning of 15.8.2002 and died about 10.45 a.m. after being left without timely medical treatment. The Court relied on the RDO Coonoor enquiry, which found injuries inflicted in the presence of police personnel, falsified jail-admission records, and a two-hour denial of treatment for chest pain. It held the subordinate police and jail officials solely responsible for the loss of life through callous indifference and the State vicariously liable. Enhancing compensation to Rs.5 lakh total, it directed the Rs.4 lakh balance paid within 12 weeks, recoverable from the delinquent policemen and wardens.", "court_quote": "As long as the petitioner's husband was an under trial, his life cannot be taken away by such callous indifference of officials of police department as well as officials of Sub Jail, Ooty.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held police/jail officials solely responsible for undertrial custodial death; Rs.5 lakh total compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-09-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.26544 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "sections" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/110058172/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0028", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1288", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pollachi Man and [name withheld] vs The Secretary to Government & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Pollachi Man and [name withheld] vs The Secretary to Government & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Coimbatore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Pollachi", "police_station_or_unit": "Pollachi West Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pollachi Man and [name withheld] vs The Secretary to Government & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. Nos. 8910 and 9106 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2012-04-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "1997-06-13", "incident_year": 1997, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pollachi West Police Station, Coimbatore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police, Pollachi West Police Station, Coimbatore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Coastal Security Group (formerly Sub-Inspector, Pollachi West Police Station)", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Coastal Security Group (formerly Sub-Inspector, Pollachi West Police Station)" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": 40, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pollachi man, age 40" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "fine", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 450000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/7349705/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court dismissed writ petitions by Special Sub-Inspector and Inspector challenging the recovery of Rs.1,93,548 and Rs.2,56,452 from their salaries toward the compensation the State paid for the 1997 custodial death of lorry driver [name withheld] at Pollachi West police station. The court held that the findings of third-degree torture recorded in the earlier compensation judgment (W.P. No.19702 of 2000) had become final and could not be collaterally challenged. It held that the officers' acquittal in the criminal trial and the outcomes of departmental proceedings did not debar recovery, since the State, having paid compensation on vicarious liability, was entitled to be indemnified by the officers whose liability was direct. Both writ petitions were dismissed and the recovery orders sustained. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court dismissed writ petitions by Special Sub-Inspector and Inspector challenging the recovery of Rs.1,93,548 and Rs.2,56,452 from their salaries toward the compensation the State paid for the 1997 custodial death of lorry driver [name withheld] at Pollachi West police station. The court held that the findings of third-degree torture recorded in the earlier compensation judgment (W.P. No.19702 of 2000) had become final and could not be collaterally challenged. It held that the officers' acquittal in the criminal trial and the outcomes of departmental proceedings did not debar recovery, since the State, having paid compensation on vicarious liability, was entitled to be indemnified by the officers whose liability was direct. Both writ petitions were dismissed and the recovery orders sustained.", "court_quote": "It is not as if the petitioners can indulge in illegal acts for which the State has only vicarious liability, whereas the liability of the petitioners is direct.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed officers' writs; recovery of custodial-death compensation from two policemen upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-04-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 450,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. Nos. 8910 and 9106 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/7349705/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-123" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-86-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1289", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man, [name withheld] and [name withheld] vs The Secretary to Government & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man, [name withheld] and [name withheld] vs The Secretary to Government & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man, [name withheld] and [name withheld] vs The Secretary to Government & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 21806 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. Chandru" ], "judgment_date": "2012-04-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "1993-06-21", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, E-2 Royapettah Police Station, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, E-2 Royapettah Police Station, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade-I Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "E-2 Royapettah Police Station, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade-I Police Constable, E-2 Royapettah Police Station, Chennai" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": 24, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Chennai man, age 24" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "fine", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 380000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/159929378/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court dismissed the writ petition of three police constables and upheld the recovery of Rs.76,000 from each toward the Rs.3,80,000 compensation the State paid to the mother of a Chennai man, aged 24, who was beaten to death in the custody of E-2 Royapettah police station in June 1993. The court held that the petitioners, who were heard as party-respondents in the compensation writ (W.P. No.14879 of 1994), had let the findings and the recovery direction become final without appeal. It held that neither their acquittal in the criminal trial, where witnesses turned hostile, nor the setting aside of departmental penalties debarred recovery, since public-law compensation serves a different purpose. The writ petition was dismissed and the recovery sustained. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court dismissed the writ petition of three police constables and upheld the recovery of Rs.76,000 from each toward the Rs.3,80,000 compensation the State paid to the mother of a Chennai man, aged 24, who was beaten to death in the custody of E-2 Royapettah police station in June 1993. The court held that the petitioners, who were heard as party-respondents in the compensation writ (W.P. No.14879 of 1994), had let the findings and the recovery direction become final without appeal. It held that neither their acquittal in the criminal trial, where witnesses turned hostile, nor the setting aside of departmental penalties debarred recovery, since public-law compensation serves a different purpose. The writ petition was dismissed and the recovery sustained.", "court_quote": "This court clearly found that the petitioners were responsible for inflicting injuries against the deceased [name withheld].", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed constables' writ; Rs.76,000 recovery each toward custodial-death compensation upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-04-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 380,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 21806 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/159929378/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-123" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-86-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0365", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Madurai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Madurai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Samayanallur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Madurai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 15794 of 2003", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Manikumar, J." ], "judgment_date": "2012-07-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "2003-04-17", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 21", "Constitution of India Article 226", "IPC 324", "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.30" ], "officers": [ { "name": "M. Kalifulla", "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Samayanallur Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.2, "jev_p_culpable": 0.88, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "M. Kalifulla", "display": "M. Kalifulla (Inspector of Police)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Madurai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/110762246/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/custodial-torture-madras-hc-upholds-the-decision-of-compensation-151953" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court held that Inspector M. Kalifulla of Samayanallur Police Station, Madurai, illegally detained petitioner [name withheld] from 17.04.2003 to 21.04.2003 and subjected him to third-degree methods and brutal custodial assault resulting in a fractured right thumb and severe physical injuries. Justice S. Manikumar observed that custodians of law and order must not become depredators of civil liberties, finding that police violence violated the petitioner's fundamental right to life and dignity under Article 21. On principles of vicarious liability, the Court directed the Government of Tamil Nadu to pay Rs 1,00,000 as compensation to the victim, with liberty to recover the entire sum from the delinquent officer. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court held that Inspector M. Kalifulla of Samayanallur Police Station, Madurai, illegally detained petitioner [name withheld] from 17.04.2003 to 21.04.2003 and subjected him to third-degree methods and brutal custodial assault resulting in a fractured right thumb and severe physical injuries. Justice S. Manikumar observed that custodians of law and order must not become depredators of civil liberties, finding that police violence violated the petitioner's fundamental right to life and dignity under Article 21. On principles of vicarious liability, the Court directed the Government of Tamil Nadu to pay Rs 1,00,000 as compensation to the victim, with liberty to recover the entire sum from the delinquent officer.", "court_quote": "As the 5th respondent has been found to have committed the act of illegal detention and caused injuries, he is liable to pay the amount to the petitioner.", "court_quote_para": "57", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court held police inspector guilty of illegal detention and custodial torture, awarding Rs 1,00,000 compensation recoverable from the officer.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-07-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 15794 of 2003", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/110762246/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/custodial-torture-madras-hc-upholds-the-decision-of-compensation-151953", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-001", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0020", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0737", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Virudhunagar Man v. Government of Tamil Nadu", "display_title_redacted": "Virudhunagar Man v. Government of Tamil Nadu", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Virudhunagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Virudhunagar", "police_station_or_unit": "District Crime Branch, Virudhunagar", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Virudhunagar Man v. Government of Tamil Nadu", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No. 1073 of 2007", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Manikumar" ], "judgment_date": "2012-09-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "2003-06-14", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "District Crime Branch, Virudhunagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, District Crime Branch, Virudhunagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "District Crime Branch, Virudhunagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, District Crime Branch, Virudhunagar" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Virudhunagar man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/56768587/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Virudhunagar man, a vegetable vendor, was twice seized from his home by DCB officers seeking to extract a confession to a 2002 theft, beaten at a guest house and various stations, and held in illegal custody on 14-15 June 2003, sustaining injuries that caused foot drop in his right leg. His wife's telegrams to senior officers, her habeas corpus petition and his complaint to the RDO Sivakasi corroborated the detention, and hospital records showed he told doctors at the earliest point that the police assaulted him. The Court rejected the RDO Aruppukottai's clean-chit report and the State's denial, holding the State vicariously responsible for the human-rights violation and torture. It allowed the writ petition and directed the State to pay Rs 1 lakh compensation within one month, with liberty to recover from the responsible policemen. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Virudhunagar man, a vegetable vendor, was twice seized from his home by DCB officers seeking to extract a confession to a 2002 theft, beaten at a guest house and various stations, and held in illegal custody on 14-15 June 2003, sustaining injuries that caused foot drop in his right leg. His wife's telegrams to senior officers, her habeas corpus petition and his complaint to the RDO Sivakasi corroborated the detention, and hospital records showed he told doctors at the earliest point that the police assaulted him. The Court rejected the RDO Aruppukottai's clean-chit report and the State's denial, holding the State vicariously responsible for the human-rights violation and torture. It allowed the writ petition and directed the State to pay Rs 1 lakh compensation within one month, with liberty to recover from the responsible policemen.", "court_quote": "There are materials to arrive at a conclusion that the authorities have failed to consider the medical evidence in proper perspective. State is vicariously responsible for the violation of human rights and physical torture by the police.", "court_quote_para": "37", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held illegal custody + torture proved by medical evidence, awarded Rs 1 lakh; matches outcome.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-09-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No. 1073 of 2007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/56768587/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-54" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-097", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0037", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1118", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Deputy Inspector General of Police & Anr. v. [name withheld]", "display_title_redacted": "Deputy Inspector General of Police & Anr. v. [name withheld]", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tenkasi", "district_at_time": "Tirunelveli", "city_town": "Tenkasi", "police_station_or_unit": "Tenkasi Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Deputy Inspector General of Police & Anr. v. [name withheld]", "case_number": "Civil Appeal No. 8513 of 2012", "citation": "(2013) 1 SCC 598; AIR 2013 SC 14", "judges": [ "K.S. Radhakrishnan", "Dipak Misra" ], "judgment_date": "2012-11-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "1999-07-09", "incident_year": 1999, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 509", "Tamil Nadu Prohibition of Eve-Teasing Act 1998 s.4" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (PC 388)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Armed Reserve, Palayamkottai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (PC 388), Armed Reserve, Palayamkottai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Tenkasi woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://api.sci.gov.in/jonew/judis/39774.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609af1be4b0149711415a01" ], "summary": "On 9 July 1999 the respondent, an Armed Reserve police constable on Courtallam-season bandobust duty, went to Tenkasi bus stand in a drunken state and eve-teased a married woman waiting with her husband, threatening to book a case against the husband; he was taken into custody by head constables on night duty and dismissed from service on 4 January 2000 after disciplinary proceedings. He was acquitted in the criminal case under Section 509 IPC and the Tamil Nadu Prohibition of Eve-Teasing Act, and the Madras High Court set aside the dismissal and ordered reinstatement with back wages. The Supreme Court held the criminal acquittal was on technical grounds rather than honourable and no bar to the departmental penalty, allowed the State appeal, set aside the High Court judgment and restored the dismissal. The Court additionally issued eight directions to States and Union Territories to curb eve-teasing. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 9 July 1999 the respondent, an Armed Reserve police constable on Courtallam-season bandobust duty, went to Tenkasi bus stand in a drunken state and eve-teased a married woman waiting with her husband, threatening to book a case against the husband; he was taken into custody by head constables on night duty and dismissed from service on 4 January 2000 after disciplinary proceedings. He was acquitted in the criminal case under Section 509 IPC and the Tamil Nadu Prohibition of Eve-Teasing Act, and the Madras High Court set aside the dismissal and ordered reinstatement with back wages. The Supreme Court held the criminal acquittal was on technical grounds rather than honourable and no bar to the departmental penalty, allowed the State appeal, set aside the High Court judgment and restored the dismissal. The Court additionally issued eight directions to States and Union Territories to curb eve-teasing.", "court_quote": "We are in this case concerned with a situation where a member of the law enforcement agency, a police personnel, himself was caught in the act of eve-teasing of a married woman leading to criminal and disciplinary proceeding, ending in his dismissal from service, the legality of which is the subject matter of this appeal.", "court_quote_para": "3", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC allowed State appeal; dismissal of constable for drunk on-duty eve-teasing restored.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-11-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2013) 1 SCC 598; AIR 2013 SC 14", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://api.sci.gov.in/jonew/judis/39774.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609af1be4b0149711415a01", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-100" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-131-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0023", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0841", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Virudhachalam Man vs Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Virudhachalam Man vs Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Virudhachalam", "police_station_or_unit": "Virudhachalam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Virudhachalam Man vs Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.30298 of 2005", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T. Raja" ], "judgment_date": "2013-04-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2004-11-07", "incident_year": 2004, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Virudhachalam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 590000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/70958340/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/85818533/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A. Selvi, widow of a Virudhachalam man, sought compensation after her husband was assaulted by an SI and constables at Virudhachalam bus stand on 07.11.2004, detained, and found dead on 08.11.2004. Adopting the RDO report (25.04.2005) and the SHRC order (02.04.2007) holding it a custodial death with grievous injuries at police hands, the court held it an admitted fact that a Virudhachalam man died only due to assault and torture by police personnel in custody. It held the SHRC's Rs.1,50,000 meagre and enhanced compensation to Rs.5,90,000 (multiplier method), directing the State to deposit the Rs.4,40,000 balance within two months. On appeal (W.A. No.2389/2013, 03.09.2018), the Division Bench declined interest, noting a medical report attributing death to metabolic changes, but treated the Rs.1,50,000 already paid as interest so the full Rs.5,90,000 stands. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A. Selvi, widow of a Virudhachalam man, sought compensation after her husband was assaulted by an SI and constables at Virudhachalam bus stand on 07.11.2004, detained, and found dead on 08.11.2004. Adopting the RDO report (25.04.2005) and the SHRC order (02.04.2007) holding it a custodial death with grievous injuries at police hands, the court held it an admitted fact that a Virudhachalam man died only due to assault and torture by police personnel in custody. It held the SHRC's Rs.1,50,000 meagre and enhanced compensation to Rs.5,90,000 (multiplier method), directing the State to deposit the Rs.4,40,000 balance within two months. On appeal (W.A. No.2389/2013, 03.09.2018), the Division Bench declined interest, noting a medical report attributing death to metabolic changes, but treated the Rs.1,50,000 already paid as interest so the full Rs.5,90,000 stands.", "court_quote": "as in this case, it is also an admitted fact that the deceased [name withheld] died only due to the assault and torture made by the police personals during the police custody, as a result, the poor family of the said deceased, having his wife, two minor sons and a minor daughter is left without a breadwinner.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Rs.5.9L compensation for custodial death; 2018 DB retained award (no interest; death also medically attributed to metabolic changes).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-04-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 590,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.30298 of 2005", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/70958340/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/85818533/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0024", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0843", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "M. Ranjani vs The Home Secretary and Others", "display_title_redacted": "M. Ranjani vs The Home Secretary and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tirunelveli", "district_at_time": "Thirunelveli", "city_town": "Thisayanvilai", "police_station_or_unit": "Thisayanvilai Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "M. Ranjani vs The Home Secretary and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.1293 of 2011 and H.C.P. No.43 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.N. Basha", "P. Devadass" ], "judgment_date": "2013-04-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2011-01-14", "incident_year": 2011, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 366-A", "IPC 224", "IPC 304-A", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [], "officer_count": null, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Thisayanvilai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/195078954/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Thisayanvilai man @ a Thisayanvilai man was arrested on 14.01.2011 in Cr. No.344/2010 (s.366-A IPC, Thisayanvilai P.S.), remanded by the JM Ambasamudram, and died the same day while in escort-police custody being taken to Borstal School, Nanguneri. The Division Bench recorded the CBCID status reports' categorical admission that he died in police custody due to the careless, callous and lethargic attitude of the escort officials, and held his family entitled to compensation. It directed the State to pay Rs.5,00,000 within six weeks. Since the cause of death (alleged road accident vs custodial torture) remained unproved amid differing post-mortem reports, it transferred investigation in Cr. Nos.344/2010 and 11/2011 to the CBI under a DSP-rank officer. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Thisayanvilai man @ a Thisayanvilai man was arrested on 14.01.2011 in Cr. No.344/2010 (s.366-A IPC, Thisayanvilai P.S.), remanded by the JM Ambasamudram, and died the same day while in escort-police custody being taken to Borstal School, Nanguneri. The Division Bench recorded the CBCID status reports' categorical admission that he died in police custody due to the careless, callous and lethargic attitude of the escort officials, and held his family entitled to compensation. It directed the State to pay Rs.5,00,000 within six weeks. Since the cause of death (alleged road accident vs custodial torture) remained unproved amid differing post-mortem reports, it transferred investigation in Cr. Nos.344/2010 and 11/2011 to the CBI under a DSP-rank officer.", "court_quote": "admittedly the victim boy died while he was in police custody and it is also specifically and categorically admitted in the two Status Reports filed by the investigating officer that the victim died due to the lethargic, careless and callous attitude of the escort police officials.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Rs.5L compensation for death in escort-police custody due to admitted police negligence; CBI probe ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-04-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.1293 of 2011 and H.C.P. No.43 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/195078954/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0845", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mettur Man and Others vs The Secretary and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Mettur Man and Others vs The Secretary and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Salem", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mettur", "police_station_or_unit": "Karumalaikudal Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mettur Man and Others vs The Secretary and Others", "case_number": "H.C.P. No.897 of 2007", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.N. Basha", "P. Devadass" ], "judgment_date": "2013-04-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2007-06-11", "incident_year": 2007, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 341", "IPC 147", "IPC 148", "IPC 188", "IPC 332", "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Karumalaikudal Police Station, Mettur, Salem District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Karumalaikudal Police Station, Mettur, Salem District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Mettur, Salem District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, Mettur, Salem District" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mettur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/102387875/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Bar leaders filed this habeas corpus petition for Advocate a Mettur man of Mettur, detained after an 11.06.2007 road-roko and brutally beaten in custody with lathis and boots, as recorded in the Legal Services Authority report dated 03.07.2007. The Division Bench rejected the police claim of a mild lathi-charge, holding the materials established custodial torture, and noted the foisted case against him (S.C. No.166/2010) had been quashed on 10.01.2011 as abuse of process. It directed the State to pay Rs.3,00,000 compensation within eight weeks, holding it the State's bounden duty to compensate custodial-torture victims adequately. It also directed the DGP to take appropriate action against the erring officials in a manner known to law. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Bar leaders filed this habeas corpus petition for Advocate a Mettur man of Mettur, detained after an 11.06.2007 road-roko and brutally beaten in custody with lathis and boots, as recorded in the Legal Services Authority report dated 03.07.2007. The Division Bench rejected the police claim of a mild lathi-charge, holding the materials established custodial torture, and noted the foisted case against him (S.C. No.166/2010) had been quashed on 10.01.2011 as abuse of process. It directed the State to pay Rs.3,00,000 compensation within eight weeks, holding it the State's bounden duty to compensate custodial-torture victims adequately. It also directed the DGP to take appropriate action against the erring officials in a manner known to law.", "court_quote": "As the victim, Mr.a Mettur man, suffered custodial torture at the hands of the police officials while he was in the police custody, it is the bounden duty of the State to compensate him adequately and reasonably.", "court_quote_para": "21", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Custodial torture of advocate established; Rs.3L compensation plus DGP-directed action against erring officials.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-04-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "H.C.P. No.897 of 2007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/102387875/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0028", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0844", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Padalur Man vs Superintendent of Police and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Padalur Man vs Superintendent of Police and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Perambalur", "district_at_time": "Tiruchirappalli", "city_town": "Padalur", "police_station_or_unit": "Padalur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Padalur Man vs Superintendent of Police and Others", "case_number": "W.A. No.2578 of 2003", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Elipe Dharma Rao", "N. Kirubakaran" ], "judgment_date": "2013-06-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "1995-08-01", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 366", "CrPC 174" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Padalur Police Station, Perambalur District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Padalur Police Station, Perambalur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Padalur Police Station, Perambalur District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Padalur Police Station, Perambalur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Perambalur District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Perambalur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Driver", "unit": "Padalur Police Station, Perambalur District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Driver, Padalur Police Station, Perambalur District" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Padalur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143341646/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Anjalam, widow of a Padalur man, alleged her husband was tortured and killed in August 1995 by Padalur police and the death staged as suicide by hanging from a neem tree (body found 04.08.1995; post-mortem placed death between 02-03.08.1995). The Division Bench set aside the Single Judge order, quashed the RDO/IG suicide findings, and found the police party headed by Inspector with P[name withheld] and [name withheld] and driver [name withheld] answerable for the murder. It directed the State to pay Rs.5,00,000 compensation within six weeks, recoverable as Rs.2,00,000 from the Inspector and Rs.1,00,000 each from the other three, and transferred Cr. No.171/1995 (Kunnam P.S.) to the CBI for fresh investigation. The Court noted that no action had yet been initiated against the officers (para 20). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Anjalam, widow of a Padalur man, alleged her husband was tortured and killed in August 1995 by Padalur police and the death staged as suicide by hanging from a neem tree (body found 04.08.1995; post-mortem placed death between 02-03.08.1995). The Division Bench set aside the Single Judge order, quashed the RDO/IG suicide findings, and found the police party headed by Inspector with P[name withheld] and [name withheld] and driver [name withheld] answerable for the murder. It directed the State to pay Rs.5,00,000 compensation within six weeks, recoverable as Rs.2,00,000 from the Inspector and Rs.1,00,000 each from the other three, and transferred Cr. No.171/1995 (Kunnam P.S.) to the CBI for fresh investigation. The Court noted that no action had yet been initiated against the officers (para 20).", "court_quote": "Since it is our finding that the police party headed by the third respondent and accompanied by the respondents 4 to 6 are answerable to the murder of the deceased, we direct the second respondent, Government of Tamil Nadu, to pay a sum of Rs.5,00,000/= (Rupees Five Lakhs Only) to the appellant as compensation within a period of six weeks from the date of receipt of a copy of this judgment.", "court_quote_para": "28", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Police party held answerable for custodial murder staged as suicide; Rs.5L compensation with recovery from 4 officers; CBI probe.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-06-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. No.2578 of 2003", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/143341646/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0031", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0842", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Seithur Man and Others vs M. Guruvammal and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Seithur Man and Others vs M. Guruvammal and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Virudhunagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Seithur", "police_station_or_unit": "Seithur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Seithur Man and Others vs M. Guruvammal and Others", "case_number": "W.A. No.3689 of 2002 and W.A. No.SR101292 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "R. Banumathi", "T.S. Sivagnanam" ], "judgment_date": "2013-08-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "1989-12-30", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Seithur Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Seithur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Seithur Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Seithur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Seithur Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Seithur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Seithur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 250000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165216180/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Seithur man was picked up on 23.12.1989 by the Seithur SI and constables, kept in illegal custody without production before a Magistrate, and beaten to death on 30.12.1989; his body was found hanging from a tree on 02.01.1990. The Division Bench recorded the post-mortem showing 15 injuries caused by lathis and needles poked near the genitals, and the RDO-cum-Executive Magistrate report, holding the officers had no explanation for the custodial injuries. It dismissed the appeals of SI and Constables and [name withheld], upholding the 03.10.2001 order directing the State to pay Rs.2,50,000 with 6% interest from 01.01.1990 (plus Rs.6,000 costs) and to recover it in equal moieties from the three officers' salaries. The compensation award itself had become final when the State's appeal (W.A. No.557/2006) was dismissed on 10.07.2006. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Seithur man was picked up on 23.12.1989 by the Seithur SI and constables, kept in illegal custody without production before a Magistrate, and beaten to death on 30.12.1989; his body was found hanging from a tree on 02.01.1990. The Division Bench recorded the post-mortem showing 15 injuries caused by lathis and needles poked near the genitals, and the RDO-cum-Executive Magistrate report, holding the officers had no explanation for the custodial injuries. It dismissed the appeals of SI and Constables and [name withheld], upholding the 03.10.2001 order directing the State to pay Rs.2,50,000 with 6% interest from 01.01.1990 (plus Rs.6,000 costs) and to recover it in equal moieties from the three officers' salaries. The compensation award itself had become final when the State's appeal (W.A. No.557/2006) was dismissed on 10.07.2006.", "court_quote": "Learned single Judge elaborately considered the evidence and materials placed and arrived at the conclusion that death was due to torture by the Appellants and 8th Respondent and since the Appellants and 8th Respondent were incharge, the learned Judge has rightly ordered that the compensation of Rs.2,50,000/- be recovered from Appellants and 8th Respondent in equal moieties. We do not find any reason to interfere with the findings of the learned single Judge and the appeals are liable to be dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Officers' appeals dismissed; Rs.2.5L custodial-death compensation recoverable from SI and two constables in equal moieties.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-08-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 250,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. No.3689 of 2002 and W.A. No.SR101292 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165216180/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0034", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0846", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Tiruvallur Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Tiruvallur Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruvallur", "district_at_time": "Thiruvallur", "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Sholavaram Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Tiruvallur Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.16352 of 2012", "citation": null, "judges": [ "N. Paul Vasanthakumar" ], "judgment_date": "2013-09-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2012-06-16", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Ponneri Police Station, Thiruvallur District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Ponneri Police Station, Thiruvallur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Minjur Police Station, Thiruvallur District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Minjur Police Station, Thiruvallur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Sholavaram Police Station, Thiruvallur District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Sholavaram Police Station, Thiruvallur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Sholavaram Police Station, Thiruvallur District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Sholavaram Police Station, Thiruvallur District" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Tiruvallur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/23631535/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. G. Barathi petitioned for her son [name withheld], seized from home at 2.30 a.m. on 16.06.2012 by Sholavaram/Minjur police, beaten with lathis and boots, and held in illegal custody with a false case fabricated against him. On the court's direction the Principal District Judge, Thiruvallur held a judicial enquiry (statements 28.01.2013, station inspection 19.02.2013, report 22.04.2013), and the Duty Assistant Surgeon's report showed treatment in custody from 06-22.07.2012. The court held assault and ill-treatment in police custody established and awarded Rs.50,000 compensation payable by the State within four weeks. It further directed a departmental enquiry to fix liability on those in charge at arrest and interrogation, with proportional recovery from the erring officials. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "G. Barathi petitioned for her son [name withheld], seized from home at 2.30 a.m. on 16.06.2012 by Sholavaram/Minjur police, beaten with lathis and boots, and held in illegal custody with a false case fabricated against him. On the court's direction the Principal District Judge, Thiruvallur held a judicial enquiry (statements 28.01.2013, station inspection 19.02.2013, report 22.04.2013), and the Duty Assistant Surgeon's report showed treatment in custody from 06-22.07.2012. The court held assault and ill-treatment in police custody established and awarded Rs.50,000 compensation payable by the State within four weeks. It further directed a departmental enquiry to fix liability on those in charge at arrest and interrogation, with proportional recovery from the erring officials.", "court_quote": "Considering the overall aspects in this case, I am of the view that the son of the petitioner viz., a Tiruvallur man, who was assaulted and ill-treated in police custody, due to which he sustained injuries, for which he took treatment in custody from 6.7.2012 to 22.7.2012 as per the report of the Duty Assistant Surgeon, annexed along with the report of the Principal District Judge, is entitled to get compensation of Rs.50,000/- from the State Government, viz., first respondent.", "court_quote_para": "23", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Custodial assault established via judicial enquiry; Rs.50,000 compensation plus departmental enquiry with recovery.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-09-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 50,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.16352 of 2012", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/23631535/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-009", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0369", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Madurai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Madurai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Pudur Police Station (H2 Surya Nagar Police Station)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Madurai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 33001 of 2002", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.B.K. Vasuki, J." ], "judgment_date": "2014-04-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "2000-09-19", "incident_year": 2000, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 21", "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Pudur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.4, "jev_p_culpable": 0.75, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Pudur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Pudur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.43, "jev_p_culpable": 0.71, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Pudur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Pudur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.91, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Pudur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable Grade I", "unit": "Pudur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.91, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable Grade I, Pudur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 42, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Madurai man, age 42" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/145507177/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court awarded Rs 5,00,000 total compensation to the family of 42-year-old tailor a Madurai man, who was beaten in the course of enquiry at Pudur Police Station, Madurai, on 19.9.2000, handed over unconscious to his family, and died in hospital at 11 pm on 20.9.2000 (paras 2, 8). Justice K.B.K. Vasuki recorded that the post-mortem certificate showed 20 antemortem injuries plus chest contusion, temporal contusion and subdural hemorrhage (para 7), and held police personnel 'solely responsible for causing injuries, which are the major cause for the death' (para 10). The respondents contended death was due to ethyl alcohol poisoning and injuries sustained outside the station at Pudur bus stand (para 4). Citing Supreme Court precedents on State liability for Article 21 violations, the Court directed the State to deposit the remaining Rs 4,00,000 (after adjusting Rs 1,00,000 interim relief) for investment in bank deposits for the widow and two children (paras 12-13).", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court awarded Rs 5,00,000 total compensation to the family of 42-year-old tailor a Madurai man, who was beaten in the course of enquiry at Pudur Police Station, Madurai, on 19.9.2000, handed over unconscious to his family, and died in hospital at 11 pm on 20.9.2000 (paras 2, 8). Justice K.B.K. Vasuki recorded that the post-mortem certificate showed 20 antemortem injuries plus chest contusion, temporal contusion and subdural hemorrhage (para 7), and held police personnel 'solely responsible for causing injuries, which are the major cause for the death' (para 10). The respondents contended death was due to ethyl alcohol poisoning and injuries sustained outside the station at Pudur bus stand (para 4). Citing Supreme Court precedents on State liability for Article 21 violations, the Court directed the State to deposit the remaining Rs 4,00,000 (after adjusting Rs 1,00,000 interim relief) for investment in bank deposits for the widow and two children (paras 12-13).", "court_quote": "this court is of the view that this is a fit case, wherein, the petitioners are entitled to get compensation for the death of their bread winner a Madurai man, due to police excess.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court awarded Rs 5 lakh compensation for custodial death of tailor a Madurai man following severe beating at Pudur PS.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-04-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 33001 of 2002", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/145507177/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0030", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1287", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "P. Rajakumari vs The Additional Director General of Police (Prisons) and Others", "display_title_redacted": "P. Rajakumari vs The Additional Director General of Police (Prisons) and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruppur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Udumalpet", "police_station_or_unit": "Udumalpet Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "P. Rajakumari vs The Additional Director General of Police (Prisons) and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.23320 of 2014", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V. Ramasubramanian" ], "judgment_date": "2014-09-24", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "2014-08-01", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [], "officer_count": 0, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Udumalpet woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/126779330/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. P. Rajakumari sought a judicial-magistrate inquiry and independent investigation into the alleged custodial rape and torture of her mother [name withheld, survivor] at Udumalpet police station in August 2014. The court held there was enough material to warrant registration of an FIR without any prior magisterial/RDO fact-finding (para 36), noting a three-week-old fracture of the distal phalanx found only on the court-ordered referral, coinciding with the admitted period of police custody (para 46). The court directed the CBI Joint Director to record the victim statement, register an FIR against the officers she identifies, entrust investigation to an officer not below Deputy Commissioner of Police rank, and file a report within three months (para 50, dirs 1-3). It ordered Rs.2 lakh interim compensation within two weeks, recoverable from those responsible upon conviction (para 50, dir 5). The State, through the Additional Advocate General, opposed entrusting investigation to any outside agency and sought a PSO-151 or superior-police-officer enquiry instead (paras 38-39). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. P. Rajakumari sought a judicial-magistrate inquiry and independent investigation into the alleged custodial rape and torture of her mother [name withheld, survivor] at Udumalpet police station in August 2014. The court held there was enough material to warrant registration of an FIR without any prior magisterial/RDO fact-finding (para 36), noting a three-week-old fracture of the distal phalanx found only on the court-ordered referral, coinciding with the admitted period of police custody (para 46). The court directed the CBI Joint Director to record the victim statement, register an FIR against the officers she identifies, entrust investigation to an officer not below Deputy Commissioner of Police rank, and file a report within three months (para 50, dirs 1-3). It ordered Rs.2 lakh interim compensation within two weeks, recoverable from those responsible upon conviction (para 50, dir 5). The State, through the Additional Advocate General, opposed entrusting investigation to any outside agency and sought a PSO-151 or superior-police-officer enquiry instead (paras 38-39).", "court_quote": "It may also be necessary to award interim compensation to the petitioner's mother, in view of the fact (1) that injuries on her person are now established (2) that even as per the recording made by the Medical Officer of the Central Prison at Coimbatore, the injuries are allegedly inflicted on her while she was in police custody and (3) that but for the referral made by this Court to the Multi Super Speciality Hospital, even the fracture in her hand could never have been found out.", "court_quote_para": "46", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC ordered CBI FIR plus Rs.2 lakh interim compensation; custodial torture medically corroborated, rape allegation sent to CBI probe.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-09-24", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.23320 of 2014", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/126779330/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-122" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-86-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0041", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0847", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kandhili Man vs The State", "display_title_redacted": "Kandhili Man vs The State", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tirupattur", "district_at_time": "Vellore", "city_town": "Kandhili", "police_station_or_unit": "Kandhili Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Kandhili Man vs The State", "case_number": "Crl.O.P. Nos.26847 and 26948 of 2014", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Nagamuthu" ], "judgment_date": "2014-12-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "2014-09-05", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "NDPS Act 1985 s.8(c) r/w s.20(b)(c)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Kandhili Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Kandhili Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Kandhili Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Kandhili Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Kandhili Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police, Kandhili Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kandhili man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/11341760/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice S. Nagamuthu held that Kandhili police kept engineering professor a Kandhili man in illegal custody between 7 and 11 September 2014 (SP report finding, para 16; the petitioner had alleged custody from 5 September, para 9) and then falsely implicated him in a ganja case (Crime No.240 of 2014), in which he spent about 15 days in prison (para 16). The court accepted the fresh-investigation report of the Superintendent of Police, Coimbatore-Rural, which found the case not true (para 15), the Government agreeing with the report (para 18), and quashed the FIR (paras 29-30). As a warning against registration of false cases, the court awarded Rs.1,00,000 token compensation payable by the State within three months, and directed the DGP to forward the order to all district SPs (para 30). It left further action against Inspector to the Government and declined to order registration of a criminal case against the officers (para 20). The FIR account (secret information, 1.5 kg ganja seizure, arrest at noon on 11.09.2014) is set out at para 6; the Advocate General pleaded the young Inspector may be pardoned (para 18). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice S. Nagamuthu held that Kandhili police kept engineering professor a Kandhili man in illegal custody between 7 and 11 September 2014 (SP report finding, para 16; the petitioner had alleged custody from 5 September, para 9) and then falsely implicated him in a ganja case (Crime No.240 of 2014), in which he spent about 15 days in prison (para 16). The court accepted the fresh-investigation report of the Superintendent of Police, Coimbatore-Rural, which found the case not true (para 15), the Government agreeing with the report (para 18), and quashed the FIR (paras 29-30). As a warning against registration of false cases, the court awarded Rs.1,00,000 token compensation payable by the State within three months, and directed the DGP to forward the order to all district SPs (para 30). It left further action against Inspector to the Government and declined to order registration of a criminal case against the officers (para 20). The FIR account (secret information, 1.5 kg ganja seizure, arrest at noon on 11.09.2014) is set out at para 6; the Advocate General pleaded the young Inspector may be pardoned (para 18).", "court_quote": "Having regard to the said settled position of law, I am of the view, in the instant case, since the State is not in issue that there was violation of fundamental rights of the petitioner by implicating him in a false case and by detaining him illegally, though the petitioner has got a private law remedy to claim compensation, that will not deter this court to order for payment of compensation.", "court_quote_para": "28", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC quashed false NDPS FIR, held illegal detention plus false implication proved, awarded Rs.1L compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-12-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Crl.O.P. Nos.26847 and 26948 of 2014", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/11341760/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-68" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2015-0025", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0849", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nagapattinam Police Grade II Police Constable (Driver) vs The Superintendent of Police and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Nagapattinam Police Grade II Police Constable (Driver) vs The Superintendent of Police and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Nagapattinam", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nagapattinam", "police_station_or_unit": "Office of Deputy Superintendent of Police, District Crime Record Bureau, Nagapattinam", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Nagapattinam Police Grade II Police Constable (Driver) vs The Superintendent of Police and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.14011 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.K. Sasidharan" ], "judgment_date": "2015-03-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2015, "incident_date": "2008-01-01", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 379", "IPC 427" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Grade II Police Constable (Driver)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Office of Deputy Superintendent of Police, District Crime Record Bureau, Nagapattinam", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade II Police Constable (Driver), Office of Deputy Superintendent of Police, District Crime Record Bureau, Nagapattinam" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/60770303/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Grade-II constable driver [name withheld], Armed Reserve Nagapattinam attached to the DSP office, District Crime Record Bureau, was dismissed after Crime No.518 of 2008 (Velipalayam PS, IPC ss.379/427) and a departmental enquiry in which he did not participate and which examined PWs 1-3 ex parte (paras 2, 6); the DGP later converted the dismissal into compulsory retirement as a concession (paras 2, 8). Justice K.K. Sasidharan refused to interfere, treating the conversion itself as leniency (para 11). The petitioner relied on his subsequent acquittal in C.C.No.193 of 2009, but the court held a benefit-of-doubt acquittal does not undo departmental findings given the different standard of proof (paras 7-9). The writ petition was dismissed, leaving the compulsory retirement intact (para 12). Note: the misconduct (drunken fracas and forcible taking of money at Velipalayam bus stand, paras 3, 6) is criminality by an officer rather than an on-duty abuse of police power. The respondents' case (counter affidavit; AGP contending maximum punishment was commensurate) is at paras 3 and 5. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Grade-II constable driver [name withheld], Armed Reserve Nagapattinam attached to the DSP office, District Crime Record Bureau, was dismissed after Crime No.518 of 2008 (Velipalayam PS, IPC ss.379/427) and a departmental enquiry in which he did not participate and which examined PWs 1-3 ex parte (paras 2, 6); the DGP later converted the dismissal into compulsory retirement as a concession (paras 2, 8). Justice K.K. Sasidharan refused to interfere, treating the conversion itself as leniency (para 11). The petitioner relied on his subsequent acquittal in C.C.No.193 of 2009, but the court held a benefit-of-doubt acquittal does not undo departmental findings given the different standard of proof (paras 7-9). The writ petition was dismissed, leaving the compulsory retirement intact (para 12). Note: the misconduct (drunken fracas and forcible taking of money at Velipalayam bus stand, paras 3, 6) is criminality by an officer rather than an on-duty abuse of police power. The respondents' case (counter affidavit; AGP contending maximum punishment was commensurate) is at paras 3 and 5.", "court_quote": "The Director General of Police took a lenient view and modified the punishment. The modification of punishment itself was a concession. Such being the position, I do not find any reason to interfere in the matter.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed constable-driver writ; compulsory retirement (converted from dismissal) for criminal misconduct stands.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2015-03-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "W.P. No.14011 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/60770303/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-68" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-012", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2015-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0848", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Murappanadu Man and Another vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Murappanadu Man and Another vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Thoothukudi", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Murappanadu", "police_station_or_unit": "Murappanadu Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Murappanadu Man and Another vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "Crl.O.P.(MD) Nos.4225 and 7759 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Nagamuthu" ], "judgment_date": "2015-07-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2015, "incident_date": "2002-01-01", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 120B", "IPC 302", "IPC 201", "CrPC 482" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "District Special Branch, Thoothukudi", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, District Special Branch, Thoothukudi" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Superintendent of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Special Commander, VIth Battalion, Kovaipudur, Coimbatore", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Superintendent of Police, Special Commander, VIth Battalion, Kovaipudur, Coimbatore" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police (Retired)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Vangodu, Vilavancode Taluk, Kanyakumari District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police (Retired), Vangodu, Vilavancode Taluk, Kanyakumari District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Valanadu, Srivaigundam Taluk, Thoothukudi", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Valanadu, Srivaigundam Taluk, Thoothukudi" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Q Branch, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Q Branch, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Earal Police Station, Thoothukudi District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Earal Police Station, Thoothukudi District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Thattarmadam Police Station, Thoothukudi District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Thattarmadam Police Station, Thoothukudi District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Prohibition Wing, Srivilliputhur, Virudhunagar District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Prohibition Wing, Srivilliputhur, Virudhunagar District" } ], "officer_count": 8, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Murappanadu man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Murappanadu man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 4, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1600000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/15627578/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice S. Nagamuthu found that four men were implicated as accused in the 2002 Murappanadu murder case (Crime No.147 of 2002), arrested, detained in prison for a considerable time and made to undergo the ordeal of trial in S.C.No.259 of 2005, though the supposed victim [name withheld] was alive - a fact the court confirmed by examining her and others as court witnesses (paras 2, 40, 44). The trial court had ACQUITTED all four on 20.02.2007 and that acquittal had become final (para 2). The court held the investigating officers had acted in good faith and by mistake of fact guided by the forensic superimposition report, committed no offence, and made out no prima facie case for registration of any case against them (paras 37-41). It set aside the final report, cognizance, trial and judgment, discharged all four accused and reopened the investigation under DSP, DCB Tuticorin (para 54(i)-(iii)). Holding serious human-rights violations of the accused by State officers established (para 44), it awarded Rs.4,00,000 to each of the four accused (Rs.16,00,000 total) within three months (para 54(v)), and dismissed the plea for an FIR against the officers (para 54(iv)). The respondents contended the officers acted in good faith by mistake of fact and taxpayer money should not be paid (para 43). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice S. Nagamuthu found that four men were implicated as accused in the 2002 Murappanadu murder case (Crime No.147 of 2002), arrested, detained in prison for a considerable time and made to undergo the ordeal of trial in S.C.No.259 of 2005, though the supposed victim [name withheld] was alive - a fact the court confirmed by examining her and others as court witnesses (paras 2, 40, 44). The trial court had ACQUITTED all four on 20.02.2007 and that acquittal had become final (para 2). The court held the investigating officers had acted in good faith and by mistake of fact guided by the forensic superimposition report, committed no offence, and made out no prima facie case for registration of any case against them (paras 37-41). It set aside the final report, cognizance, trial and judgment, discharged all four accused and reopened the investigation under DSP, DCB Tuticorin (para 54(i)-(iii)). Holding serious human-rights violations of the accused by State officers established (para 44), it awarded Rs.4,00,000 to each of the four accused (Rs.16,00,000 total) within three months (para 54(v)), and dismissed the plea for an FIR against the officers (para 54(iv)). The respondents contended the officers acted in good faith by mistake of fact and taxpayer money should not be paid (para 43).", "court_quote": "Undoubtedly, in this case, there were serious human rights violations caused to the accused by the officers of the State Government.", "court_quote_para": "44", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC set aside false murder trial and discharged accused, held serious HR violations, Rs.4L each to four accused.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2015-07-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,600,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Crl.O.P.(MD) Nos.4225 and 7759 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "case_title", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/15627578/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-68" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-011", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2015-0015", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0732", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nagoor Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Nagoor Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Nagapattinam", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nagoor", "police_station_or_unit": "Nagoor Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Nagoor Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P.No.18154 of 2014", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Sanjay Kishan Kaul", "T.S. Sivagnanam" ], "judgment_date": "2015-07-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2015, "incident_date": "2013-12-31", "incident_year": 2013, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Nagoor Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Nagoor Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Nagoor Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police, Nagoor Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Nagoor man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/139431393/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The hospital affidavit records that a Nagoor man, brought by escort police for a preliminary check-up before lodgment in prison on the night of 31.12.2013, was conscious, stuttering and inebriated, then collapsed and died at 1.15 a.m.; the post-mortem recorded three external injuries and opined shock as the cause of death (paras 1-2). The petitioner, co-convenor of the Campaign for Custodial Justice and Abolition of Torture, sought an enquiry by a retired District Judge into the custodial torture and death. The Division Bench noted the Government Order dated 25.07.2015 sanctioning Rs.5,00,000 relief to the family and directed structured disbursal (Rs.2 lakh wife deposit, Rs.1 lakh per child deposit, Rs.1 lakh immediate release) (paras 3-4). It recorded that Inspector of Nagoor Police Station had exceeded his powers and used unwarranted force, noting the magisterial enquiry findings, his suspension, and the decision to initiate criminal and departmental proceedings (para 5). The writ petition was disposed of and listed for compliance on 09.10.2015 (paras 6-7). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The hospital affidavit records that a Nagoor man, brought by escort police for a preliminary check-up before lodgment in prison on the night of 31.12.2013, was conscious, stuttering and inebriated, then collapsed and died at 1.15 a.m.; the post-mortem recorded three external injuries and opined shock as the cause of death (paras 1-2). The petitioner, co-convenor of the Campaign for Custodial Justice and Abolition of Torture, sought an enquiry by a retired District Judge into the custodial torture and death. The Division Bench noted the Government Order dated 25.07.2015 sanctioning Rs.5,00,000 relief to the family and directed structured disbursal (Rs.2 lakh wife deposit, Rs.1 lakh per child deposit, Rs.1 lakh immediate release) (paras 3-4). It recorded that Inspector of Nagoor Police Station had exceeded his powers and used unwarranted force, noting the magisterial enquiry findings, his suspension, and the decision to initiate criminal and departmental proceedings (para 5). The writ petition was disposed of and listed for compliance on 09.10.2015 (paras 6-7).", "court_quote": "In so far as the fate of Tr.[name withheld] is concerned, who was the then Inspector of Police, Nagoor Police Station, who has exceeded his powers and has used unwarranted force", "court_quote_para": "5", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC recorded unwarranted force by Nagoor Inspector; Rs.5L State relief structured by court; criminal and dept proceedings initiated.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2015-07-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.No.18154 of 2014", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "officers", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/139431393/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-50" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP5-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2015-0034", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0840", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] vs The National Human Rights Commission and Others", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] vs The National Human Rights Commission and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kanchipuram", "district_at_time": "Kancheepuram", "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] vs The National Human Rights Commission and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.3799 of 2012", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Sanjay Kishan Kaul", "Pushpa Sathyanarayana" ], "judgment_date": "2015-11-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2015, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Kancheepuram District Police", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Kancheepuram District Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/164704509/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Police officer challenged G.O.Ms. Nos.113, 220 and 436 of 2011 and the SP Kancheepuram memo dated 17.06.2011 directing recovery from him following NHRC proceedings over a custodial death. The Division Bench recorded that Rs.50,000 each had already been recovered from five other personnel and that the RDO Madurantakam had filed a criminal case against the police personnel (C.M.P. No.3809/2015, JM Madurantakam) which was pending trial. The court held the authorities entitled to recover the amount from the petitioner since the NHRC order was never challenged, observing refund could be considered only on acquittal. The writ petition was dismissed; the order does not name the deceased, the other personnel, or the petitioner's rank. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Police officer challenged G.O.Ms. Nos.113, 220 and 436 of 2011 and the SP Kancheepuram memo dated 17.06.2011 directing recovery from him following NHRC proceedings over a custodial death. The Division Bench recorded that Rs.50,000 each had already been recovered from five other personnel and that the RDO Madurantakam had filed a criminal case against the police personnel (C.M.P. No.3809/2015, JM Madurantakam) which was pending trial. The court held the authorities entitled to recover the amount from the petitioner since the NHRC order was never challenged, observing refund could be considered only on acquittal. The writ petition was dismissed; the order does not name the deceased, the other personnel, or the petitioner's rank.", "court_quote": "In so far as recovery process is concerned, the aforesaid fact would show that the respondent authorities are entitled to recover the amount, as no challenge has been laid to the order passed by the National Human Rights Commission.", "court_quote_para": "5", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Writ dismissed; recovery of NHRC-linked custodial-death compensation from the officer upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2015-11-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "W.P. No.3799 of 2012", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/164704509/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2015-0038", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1290", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Keeriparai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Keeriparai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kanyakumari", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Keeriparai", "police_station_or_unit": "Keeriparai Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Keeriparai Man vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "case_number": "Writ Appeal (MD) No.1311 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V. Ramasubramanian", "N. Kirubakaran" ], "judgment_date": "2015-12-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2015, "incident_date": "2005-11-28", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "District Crime Branch, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, District Crime Branch, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Nagercoil Town, Kanyakumari District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, Nagercoil Town, Kanyakumari District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Vadaseri Police Station, Nagercoil", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Vadaseri Police Station, Nagercoil" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Kadayanallur Police Station, Tirunelveli District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Kadayanallur Police Station, Tirunelveli District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (No.1691)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (No.1691), Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (No.1726)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (No.1726), Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (No.1726)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (No.1726), Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (No.1568)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (No.1568), Aralvoimozhi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (No.542)", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Aralvoimozhi Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (No.542), Aralvoimozhi Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 9, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Keeriparai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 786000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/84666221/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1236320/" ], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court (Madurai) dismissed the writ appeal of [name withheld] [name withheld] against the single judge's order dated 01.07.2011 awarding Rs.7,86,000 compensation to Hasanammal for the custodial death of her husband [name withheld]. The single-judge order (W.P.(MD)No.8138 of 2008) records that Kadayanallur police took a Keeriparai man from his residence on 28.11.2005, handed him to Aralvoimozhi police, and kept him in illegal custody at Keeriparai police station from 28.11.2005 to 30.11.2005, where he was tortured by third-degree methods causing death on 30.11.2005 at 11 p.m., with the body disposed of - findings supported by the RDO enquiry, the Collector, G.O.Ms.No.1322 dated 27.11.2008 and the CBCID investigation. The police had originally claimed he was released and his whereabouts were unknown (appeal para 3). The Division Bench noted the State had paid the compensation without appeal (para 6) and that a CBCID charge sheet under Section 302 IPC was pending trial before the Sessions Court (para 4). It held the compensation findings could not clinch any officer's culpability and the trial would proceed on its own evidence (para 8), and dismissed the appeal (spellings: '[name withheld]' per the appeal cause title; '[name withheld]' in the single-judge cause title).", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court (Madurai) dismissed the writ appeal of [name withheld] [name withheld] against the single judge's order dated 01.07.2011 awarding Rs.7,86,000 compensation to Hasanammal for the custodial death of her husband [name withheld]. The single-judge order (W.P.(MD)No.8138 of 2008) records that Kadayanallur police took a Keeriparai man from his residence on 28.11.2005, handed him to Aralvoimozhi police, and kept him in illegal custody at Keeriparai police station from 28.11.2005 to 30.11.2005, where he was tortured by third-degree methods causing death on 30.11.2005 at 11 p.m., with the body disposed of - findings supported by the RDO enquiry, the Collector, G.O.Ms.No.1322 dated 27.11.2008 and the CBCID investigation. The police had originally claimed he was released and his whereabouts were unknown (appeal para 3). The Division Bench noted the State had paid the compensation without appeal (para 6) and that a CBCID charge sheet under Section 302 IPC was pending trial before the Sessions Court (para 4). It held the compensation findings could not clinch any officer's culpability and the trial would proceed on its own evidence (para 8), and dismissed the appeal (spellings: '[name withheld]' per the appeal cause title; '[name withheld]' in the single-judge cause title).", "court_quote": "By a detailed order passed on 01.07.2011, after taking into consideration the entire materials on record and the case laws on the point, the learned Judge directed the State to pay compensation for the death of the 5th respondent's husband in a sum of Rs.7,86,000/-.", "court_quote_para": "5", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench dismissed DSP's appeal; Rs.7,86,000 custodial-death compensation award stands.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2015-12-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 786,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Writ Appeal (MD) No.1311 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/84666221/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1236320/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-123" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-87-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2016-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0850", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Poothalur Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Poothalur Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Thanjavur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Poothalur", "police_station_or_unit": "Poothalur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Poothalur Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.9606 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M.V. Muralidaran" ], "judgment_date": "2016-12-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2016, "incident_date": "2008-04-01", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 226", "Constitution Art 21", "CrPC 357-A" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Highway Patrol, Thanjavur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Highway Patrol, Thanjavur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "PCR Wing, Nagapattinam District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, PCR Wing, Nagapattinam District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Thirukkattupalli Police Station, Thanjavur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Thirukkattupalli Police Station, Thanjavur District" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Poothalur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/82698772/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Bhanumathi petitioned under Article 226 for her son [name withheld], who sustained a head injury needing eight stitches around 20-21 April 2008 and was then booked in a theft case (Crime No.80/2008, Poothalur P.S.) while his own assault complaint (Crime No.81/2008) was closed without proper investigation. The court found his injuries undisputed (admitted in R4's counter and medical records, para 7), held it had reason to believe respondents 4-11 were involved in the assault, and faulted SI for pursuing only the theft case while purposely omitting all evidence-gathering in Crime No.81/2008 (para 15). Relying on Nilabati Behera, D.K. Basu, Rini Johar and T. Sekaran, the court allowed the writ and directed the State to pay Selvaraj Rs.3,00,000 with 6% p.a. interest from 19.07.2010 within six weeks. It held the State vicariously liable for the Article 21 violation and noted the victim could also claim under the s.357-A CrPC Victim Compensation Scheme. Respondents 1-3 and R4 denied the allegations and questioned maintainability (para 8). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Bhanumathi petitioned under Article 226 for her son [name withheld], who sustained a head injury needing eight stitches around 20-21 April 2008 and was then booked in a theft case (Crime No.80/2008, Poothalur P.S.) while his own assault complaint (Crime No.81/2008) was closed without proper investigation. The court found his injuries undisputed (admitted in R4's counter and medical records, para 7), held it had reason to believe respondents 4-11 were involved in the assault, and faulted SI for pursuing only the theft case while purposely omitting all evidence-gathering in Crime No.81/2008 (para 15). Relying on Nilabati Behera, D.K. Basu, Rini Johar and T. Sekaran, the court allowed the writ and directed the State to pay Selvaraj Rs.3,00,000 with 6% p.a. interest from 19.07.2010 within six weeks. It held the State vicariously liable for the Article 21 violation and noted the victim could also claim under the s.357-A CrPC Victim Compensation Scheme. Respondents 1-3 and R4 denied the allegations and questioned maintainability (para 8).", "court_quote": "The offenders who assaulted the petitioner's son were not prosecuted by the State since the State did not investigate the case properly in Crime Number: 81 of 2008 on the file of the Poothalur Police Station.", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Compensation Rs.3L with 6% interest ordered; court found police assault involvement and investigative failure.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2016-12-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No.9606 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/82698772/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-67" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2017-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1291", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Tiruchirappalli Man vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Tiruchirappalli Man vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruchirappalli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Tiruchirappalli", "police_station_or_unit": "Railway Police Station, Tiruchirappalli", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Tiruchirappalli Man vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.14581 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M. V. Muralidaran" ], "judgment_date": "2017-03-03", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2017, "incident_date": "2007-01-21", "incident_year": 2007, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 41(2)", "CrPC 176", "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Railway Police Station, Tiruchirappalli", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Railway Police Station, Tiruchirappalli" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Police Constable (No.1178)", "unit": "Railway Police Station, Madurai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Police Constable (No.1178), Railway Police Station, Madurai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (No.124)", "unit": "Railway Police Station, Tiruchirappalli", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (No.124), Railway Police Station, Tiruchirappalli" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Tiruchirappalli man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "railway", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/31771513/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court (Madurai) held that S. Indra's husband [name withheld], detained by the Trichy Railway Police in a cell-phone theft case (Crime No.67 of 2007), died while in the custody of the Inspector of Police, Railway Police Station, Tiruchirappalli (R5), while being escorted to Madurai by R7 and R8 (para 10). The respondents' counter stated he had stolen two cell phones of co-passengers and died jumping out of the train between Chettiyapatty and Vaiyampatty stations (paras 4, 7). The court recorded the State's admission that a PSO enquiry had revealed R5 assaulted the deceased and that criminal and disciplinary proceedings had been launched (G.O.Ms.No.298 dated 03.04.2009), with Rs.5,00,000 paid on the NHRC's recommendation (paras 8, 10). It held the State vicariously liable (para 11), found Rs.5,00,000 inadequate (para 13), declined a CBCID investigation, and directed the Home Secretary to consider enhancement after a detailed enquiry by an officer of Superintendent of Police rank (paras 14-15). The writ petition was disposed of with those directions. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (Madurai) held that S. Indra's husband [name withheld], detained by the Trichy Railway Police in a cell-phone theft case (Crime No.67 of 2007), died while in the custody of the Inspector of Police, Railway Police Station, Tiruchirappalli (R5), while being escorted to Madurai by R7 and R8 (para 10). The respondents' counter stated he had stolen two cell phones of co-passengers and died jumping out of the train between Chettiyapatty and Vaiyampatty stations (paras 4, 7). The court recorded the State's admission that a PSO enquiry had revealed R5 assaulted the deceased and that criminal and disciplinary proceedings had been launched (G.O.Ms.No.298 dated 03.04.2009), with Rs.5,00,000 paid on the NHRC's recommendation (paras 8, 10). It held the State vicariously liable (para 11), found Rs.5,00,000 inadequate (para 13), declined a CBCID investigation, and directed the Home Secretary to consider enhancement after a detailed enquiry by an officer of Superintendent of Police rank (paras 14-15). The writ petition was disposed of with those directions.", "court_quote": "On perusal of available records and as well as the counter of the 1st respondent undoubtedly it is demonstrated that the petitioner's husband died while under the custody of the 5th respondent and thereupon appropriate criminal and disciplinary actions were also initiated against the errant police personnel.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held death occurred in railway-police custody; Rs.5 lakh paid, enhancement ordered via SP-rank enquiry.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2017-03-03", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No.14581 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/31771513/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-123" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-87-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2017-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0471", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Theni Man v. The Government of Tamilnadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Theni Man v. The Government of Tamilnadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Theni", "district_at_time": "Madurai", "city_town": "Theni", "police_station_or_unit": "Narcotics Intelligence Bureau office, Theni", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Theni Man v. The Government of Tamilnadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 21312 of 2004", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Vaidyanathan" ], "judgment_date": "2017-09-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2017, "incident_date": "1995-04-05", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 330", "IPC 302" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Pandiaraj", "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Narcotics Intelligence Bureau", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.89, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Pandiaraj", "display": "Pandiaraj (Inspector of Police)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Narcotics Intelligence Bureau", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no", "redteam:conviction_set_aside_acquittal_recorded" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.12, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Narcotics Intelligence Bureau" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Theni man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1050000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165910510/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. replace ' ' — paras 3-4 record the Government Advocate's counter (custodial-death denial, deceased a hard-core criminal, Crl.A.No.946/2003 acquittal bars relief); summarize it per R52. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "replace 'The police version is not recorded in the cited text.' — paras 3-4 record the Government Advocate's counter (custodial-death denial, deceased a hard-core criminal, Crl.A.No.946/2003 acquittal bars relief); summarize it per R52", "court_quote": "There are categorical findings based on the evidence that had been discussed indicating that the said Pandiaraj, Inspector of Police, who led the team, was directly responsible for the death of a Theni man", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC awarded Rs 10.5L total for a Theni man's NIB custodial death; criminal acquittal held no bar.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2017-09-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,050,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 21312 of 2004", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165910510/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-47" ], "merged_case_id": "SOUTH-002", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2018-0024", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0851", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] vs The Deputy Inspector General of Police and Another", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] vs The Deputy Inspector General of Police and Another", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Trichy Range, Tamil Nadu Police", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] vs The Deputy Inspector General of Police and Another", "case_number": "W.P. No.9589 of 2015", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V. Parthiban" ], "judgment_date": "2018-06-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2018, "incident_date": "2001-01-01", "incident_year": 2001, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Trichy Range, Tamil Nadu Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Trichy Range, Tamil Nadu Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/119618751/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.barandbench.com/news/the-yearly-reports-madras-high-court-in-2018" ], "summary": "conviction was not 'in 2001' — 2001 is trap/suspension year (para 3-4); conviction pre-dates May-2008 show-cause with Crl. appeal C.A.No.343/2008 (paras 5-6), confirmed with SLP rejected 21.08.2012 (para 7)", "summary_verified": "conviction was not 'in 2001' — 2001 is trap/suspension year (para 3-4); conviction pre-dates May-2008 show-cause with Crl. appeal C.A.No.343/2008 (paras 5-6), confirmed with SLP rejected 21.08.2012 (para 7)", "court_quote": "Since this Court is of the considered view that the proved corruption cannot be condoned under any circumstances and therefore dismissal order cannot even be remotely held to be disproportionate.", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed POCA-convicted SI plea; dismissal for bribery upheld, conversion to compulsory retirement refused.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2018-06-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "W.P. No.9589 of 2015", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/119618751/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/the-yearly-reports-madras-high-court-in-2018", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-68" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-39-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0024", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1294", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Tirunelveli Resident and [name withheld] vs Inspector of Police, Vigilance and Anti-Corruption, Tirunelveli", "display_title_redacted": "Tirunelveli Resident and [name withheld] vs Inspector of Police, Vigilance and Anti-Corruption, Tirunelveli", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tirunelveli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Tirunelveli Resident and [name withheld] vs Inspector of Police, Vigilance and Anti-Corruption, Tirunelveli", "case_number": "Crl.A.(MD) Nos.298 and 300 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P. Velmurugan" ], "judgment_date": "2019-01-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2000-01-10", "incident_year": 2000, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2) r/w s.13(1)(d)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Tirunelveli resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/75757661/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/112597752/" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court (Madurai) dismissed the criminal appeals of [name withheld] (A-1) and [name withheld] (A-2) and confirmed their conviction and sentence of three years rigorous imprisonment plus Rs.2,500 fine each for demanding and accepting a Rs.1,000 bribe for a petition enquiry. The court held demand, acceptance and recovery proved through PW.1 to PW.4, PW.14, PW.16 and the exhibits: A-1 demanded the bribe, A-2 received the cash inside the police station on 11.01.2000 during a DVAC trap, and the phenolphthalein test proved positive. It held sanction valid and the trial court's appreciation of evidence correct, confirming the 14.11.2011 judgment of the Special Judge, Tirunelveli in full. Ranks and the station name are not stated in the judgment; A-3's acquittal was left undisturbed.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (Madurai) dismissed the criminal appeals of [name withheld] (A-1) and [name withheld] (A-2) and confirmed their conviction and sentence of three years rigorous imprisonment plus Rs.2,500 fine each for demanding and accepting a Rs.1,000 bribe for a petition enquiry. The court held demand, acceptance and recovery proved through PW.1 to PW.4, PW.14, PW.16 and the exhibits: A-1 demanded the bribe, A-2 received the cash inside the police station on 11.01.2000 during a DVAC trap, and the phenolphthalein test proved positive. It held sanction valid and the trial court's appreciation of evidence correct, confirming the 14.11.2011 judgment of the Special Judge, Tirunelveli in full. Ranks and the station name are not stated in the judgment; A-3's acquittal was left undisturbed.", "court_quote": "In view of the foregoing discussion, from the evidence of PW.1, PW.2, PW.3, PW.4 and PW.14 and PW.16 along with Ex.P.1, Ex.P.2, Ex.P.9 and Ex.P.10 Ex.P.18 Ex.P.32, this Court finds that the prosecution has proved its case that the appellant had demanded illegal gratification and accepted it and the same was recovered from the appellant. In other words, the demand, acceptance and recovery are proved.", "court_quote_para": "31", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed both appeals; 3-year RI PC Act bribery convictions confirmed; ranks/station unstated.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) Nos.298 and 300 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2019-01-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) Nos.298 and 300 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/75757661/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/112597752/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-123" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-88-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0368", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "B. Thiagarajan vs State, Rep. by the [name withheld], Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Wing, Theni", "display_title_redacted": "B. Thiagarajan vs State, Rep. by the [name withheld], Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Wing, Theni", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Theni", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Andipatti", "police_station_or_unit": "Chinnamanur Police Station (on deputation at Andipatti check post)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "B. Thiagarajan vs State, Rep. by the [name withheld], Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Wing, Theni", "case_number": "Crl.A.(MD) No. 133 of 2013", "citation": "AIRONLINE 2019 MAD 759", "judges": [ "M. Dhandapani, J." ], "judgment_date": "2019-02-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2009-08-18", "incident_year": 2009, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "B. Thiagarajan", "rank": "Grade-I Constable", "unit": "Chinnamanur Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "B. Thiagarajan", "display": "B. Thiagarajan (Grade-I Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Andipatti man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Andipatti man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 1.0, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/33290039/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the criminal appeal of Grade-I Police Constable B. Thiagarajan and affirmed his conviction under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. While posted at the Andipatti check post in Theni district, the officer intercepted two motorists on a motorcycle, seized their vehicle documents and mobile phone, and demanded an illegal gratification of Rs 1,000 under threat of a hefty fine. Following a trap laid by the Vigilance and Anti-Corruption wing, the officer was caught red-handed accepting the phenolphthalein-treated notes. Justice M. Dhandapani held that the prosecution established the charges beyond reasonable doubt through consistent witness testimony and chemical analysis, confirming the sentence of one year simple imprisonment. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the criminal appeal of Grade-I Police Constable B. Thiagarajan and affirmed his conviction under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. While posted at the Andipatti check post in Theni district, the officer intercepted two motorists on a motorcycle, seized their vehicle documents and mobile phone, and demanded an illegal gratification of Rs 1,000 under threat of a hefty fine. Following a trap laid by the Vigilance and Anti-Corruption wing, the officer was caught red-handed accepting the phenolphthalein-treated notes. Justice M. Dhandapani held that the prosecution established the charges beyond reasonable doubt through consistent witness testimony and chemical analysis, confirming the sentence of one year simple imprisonment.", "court_quote": "this Court finds no merit in the appeal and hence, Criminal Appeal is dismissed and the conviction and sentence dated 19.04.2013, passed in Special Case No. 94 of 2011, by the learned Special Judge for Trial of Prevention of Corruption Act Cases, Madurai, is confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court confirmed conviction of police constable under PC Act for demanding and accepting Rs 1,000 bribe at check post.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "AIRONLINE 2019 MAD 759", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2019-02-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "AIRONLINE 2019 MAD 759", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/33290039/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-004", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1293", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Perambalur Police personnel vs State by Inspector of Police, DVAC Trichy", "display_title_redacted": "Perambalur Police personnel vs State by Inspector of Police, DVAC Trichy", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Perambalur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Perambalur Police personnel vs State by Inspector of Police, DVAC Trichy", "case_number": "Crl.A. No.1021 of 2005", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A. D. Jagadish Chandira" ], "judgment_date": "2019-04-25", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2000-06-12", "incident_year": 2000, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d) r/w s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Perambalur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1.5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/107739692/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5fffe2c49fca1917ab0f3cc3" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court confirmed the conviction of [name withheld], a police officer who received criminal complaints and issued CSR receipts, for demanding and accepting a Rs.1,000 bribe plus a plastic chair and whisky bottles to act on complainant [name withheld]'s petitions. The court held demand and acceptance proved beyond reasonable doubt through the complainant, the trap witness, the DVAC Trap Laying Officer and the positive phenolphthalein tests on the tainted cash, purse and hands, and held sanction valid. It confirmed the conviction under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, reducing only the sentence from five years to one year and six months rigorous imprisonment with the Rs.5,000 fine maintained, noting he stood dismissed from service. The appeal was allowed in part to that limited extent.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court confirmed the conviction of [name withheld], a police officer who received criminal complaints and issued CSR receipts, for demanding and accepting a Rs.1,000 bribe plus a plastic chair and whisky bottles to act on complainant [name withheld]'s petitions. The court held demand and acceptance proved beyond reasonable doubt through the complainant, the trap witness, the DVAC Trap Laying Officer and the positive phenolphthalein tests on the tainted cash, purse and hands, and held sanction valid. It confirmed the conviction under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, reducing only the sentence from five years to one year and six months rigorous imprisonment with the Rs.5,000 fine maintained, noting he stood dismissed from service. The appeal was allowed in part to that limited extent.", "court_quote": "The conviction made by the Trial Court against the Appellant/ accused for the offences under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 shall stand confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "42", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC confirmed PC Act bribery conviction; sentence cut to 1.5 years RI; rank/station unstated in judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.A. No.1021 of 2005", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2019-04-25", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Crl.A. No.1021 of 2005", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/107739692/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5fffe2c49fca1917ab0f3cc3", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-123" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-88-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0006", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0582", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sivakasi Man v. State & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Sivakasi Man v. State & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Virudhunagar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Sivakasi", "police_station_or_unit": "Sivakasi Town PS", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Sivakasi Man v. State & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No. 9014 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "B. Pugalendhi" ], "judgment_date": "2019-07-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2005-05-12", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "NDPS Act s.8(c)/20(b)", "Wildlife Protection Act s.51(1)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "M. Ramasamy", "rank": "Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Sivakasi Town PS", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.4, "jev_p_culpable": 0.64, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "M. Ramasamy", "display": "M. Ramasamy (Inspector)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Sivakasi Town PS", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.93, "jev_p_culpable": 0.12, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Sivakasi Town PS" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Sivakasi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/189339587/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. replace ' ' — paras 4.2-4.7 record the respondents' counter (credible-information search with DSP permission, accused untraceable, case closed as 'action dropped', liability not absolved); summarize it per R52. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "replace 'The police version is not recorded in the cited text.' — paras 4.2-4.7 record the respondents' counter (credible-information search with DSP permission, accused untraceable, case closed as 'action dropped', liability not absolved); summarize it per R52", "court_quote": "Therefore, it is clear that in order to victimize the petitioner, the 4th respondent has foisted a case against him and the findings given by the Assistant Superintendent of Police, establish that the 4th respondent has committed a serious professional lapses.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Inspector foisted 4 cases incl NDPS to favour civil-dispute party; victim jailed 45 days, Rs 1L.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-07-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No. 9014 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/189339587/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-43" ], "merged_case_id": "SWFALSEI-014", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1292", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sivagangai Woman vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Sivagangai Woman vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Sivagangai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Ulagampatti Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Sivagangai Woman vs State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. No.16442 of 2004", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M. S. Ramesh" ], "judgment_date": "2019-08-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2002-07-07", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 107", "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.22", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Ulagampatti Police Station, Sivagangai District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Ulagampatti Police Station, Sivagangai District" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": 25, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Sivagangai woman, age 25" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/2374189/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. replace ' ' — paras 4/7/11 record respondents' counter (matrimonial + land disputes, Cr.No.21/2001 u/s 107 CrPC, 4th respondent expired, transfer administrative not punitive, no State liability); summarize it per R52. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "replace 'The police version is not recorded in the cited text.' — paras 4/7/11 record respondents' counter (matrimonial + land disputes, Cr.No.21/2001 u/s 107 CrPC, 4th respondent expired, transfer administrative not punitive, no State liability); summarize it per R52", "court_quote": "In view of the undisputable facts establishing that the petitioner in the instant case was subjected to illegal arrest and torture and by applying the ratio laid down in D.K.Basu's case (supra), this Court is of the view that the petitioner requires to be monetarily compensated.", "court_quote_para": "17", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held assault and illegal arrest by police proved; Rs.2 lakh compensation ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-08-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.16442 of 2004", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/2374189/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-123" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-88-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0015", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0738", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Neyveli Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Neyveli Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Neyveli", "police_station_or_unit": "Neyveli Township Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Neyveli Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 9267 of 2017", "citation": "AIRONLINE 2019 MAD 672; (2019) 7 MAD LJ 652", "judges": [ "S. Manikumar", "Subramonium Prasad" ], "judgment_date": "2019-09-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2015-05-28", "incident_year": 2015, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Neyveli Township Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Neyveli Township Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Nellikuppam Police Station, Cuddalore", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Nellikuppam Police Station, Cuddalore" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Neyveli Township Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Neyveli Township Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": 35, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Neyveli man, age 35" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 3009648, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/128551506/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "replace ' ' — Inspector's denials (daily release on muchalika; JIPMER-attack story) and State's quantum objection (Rs.5L cap citing Sangaiyya) are recorded; summarize per R52. Age: court computed on 36 years (paras 73-74), petitioner pleaded 35. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "replace 'The police version is not recorded in the cited text.' — Inspector's denials (daily release on muchalika; JIPMER-attack story) and State's quantum objection (Rs.5L cap citing Sangaiyya) are recorded; summarize per R52. Age: court computed on 36 years (paras 73-74), petitioner pleaded 35.", "court_quote": "prefix with 'Hence, ' per para 76 ('Hence, the total compensation works out to Rs.30,09,648/- with interest at the rate of 6% per annum.')", "court_quote_para": "76", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; PIL maintainable, week-long illegal detention and torture death, Rs. 30.09 lakh awarded.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-09-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 3,009,648.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "AIRONLINE 2019 MAD 672; (2019) 7 MAD LJ 652", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "court_quote", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/128551506/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP5-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0020", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0739", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Arakkandanallur Woman and Others vs The Secretary, Public Department, Government of Tamil Nadu and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Arakkandanallur Woman and Others vs The Secretary, Public Department, Government of Tamil Nadu and Another", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Villupuram", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Arakkandanallur", "police_station_or_unit": "Arakkandanallur Police Station, Villupuram", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Arakkandanallur Woman and Others vs The Secretary, Public Department, Government of Tamil Nadu and Another", "case_number": "W.P. No. 18315 of 2010", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V. Bharathidasan" ], "judgment_date": "2019-11-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2006-08-05", "incident_year": 2006, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Arakkandanallur Police Station, Villupuram", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Arakkandanallur Police Station, Villupuram" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Arakkandanallur Police Station, Villupuram", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Arakkandanallur Police Station, Villupuram" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Arakkandanallur Police Station, Villupuram", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Arakkandanallur Police Station, Villupuram" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": 26, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Arakkandanallur man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/96074660/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "An Arakkandanallur man @ an Arakkandanallur man, aged 26, arrested in a prohibition case and detained in the Arakkandanallur police lock-up, was found dead on 5 August 2006 and declared brought dead at the Government Hospital. The family alleged custodial violence; the State contended suicide by hanging due to police negligence. A Revenue Divisional Officer inquiry examining 45 persons concluded suicide without custodial violence but fixed negligence on one Sub-Inspector and two Head Constables, who were suspended and faced criminal proceedings (later quashed in 2014). The Court held it admitted that the deceased died an unnatural death in police custody, applied Supreme Court precedents on State liability, and allowed the writ, quantifying fair compensation at Rs. 3,00,000 less Rs. 1,00,000 already paid, with 9% interest on default. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "An Arakkandanallur man @ an Arakkandanallur man, aged 26, arrested in a prohibition case and detained in the Arakkandanallur police lock-up, was found dead on 5 August 2006 and declared brought dead at the Government Hospital. The family alleged custodial violence; the State contended suicide by hanging due to police negligence. A Revenue Divisional Officer inquiry examining 45 persons concluded suicide without custodial violence but fixed negligence on one Sub-Inspector and two Head Constables, who were suspended and faced criminal proceedings (later quashed in 2014). The Court held it admitted that the deceased died an unnatural death in police custody, applied Supreme Court precedents on State liability, and allowed the writ, quantifying fair compensation at Rs. 3,00,000 less Rs. 1,00,000 already paid, with 9% interest on default.", "court_quote": "Since the deceased died while he was in the custody of the police in connection with a criminal case and the death was unnatural, the petitioners are entitled for compensation.", "court_quote_para": "18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; admitted unnatural custodial death, Rs. 3 lakh total (Rs. 2 lakh additional) on State liability.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-11-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 18315 of 2010", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/96074660/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP5-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0037", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0856", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "S. (minor, through father M.) vs Secretary, Home Department and Others", "display_title_redacted": "S. (minor, through father M.) vs Secretary, Home Department and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruvarur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kottur", "police_station_or_unit": "Kottur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "S. (minor, through father M.) vs Secretary, Home Department and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 17503 of 2013", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V. Bharathidasan" ], "judgment_date": "2019-11-27", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2013-02-22", "incident_year": 2013, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 457", "IPC 380", "IPC 379", "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Kottur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Kottur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Kottur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Kottur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Kottur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Kottur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Kottur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Kottur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Kottur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Kottur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Kottur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Kottur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Kottur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/59561839/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. replace 'minor XI-standard student a minor boy' with role noun ('a minor boy studying in XI standard'); replace ' ' with the recorded counter (DSP clean-chit; respondents' chase/fall + wayward-life claims, paras 5-7) per R52. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "replace 'minor XI-standard student a minor boy' with role noun ('a minor boy studying in XI standard'); replace 'The police version is not recorded in the cited text.' with the recorded counter (DSP clean-chit; respondents' chase/fall + wayward-life claims, paras 5-7) per R52", "court_quote": "Thus, the available medical records would go to clearly show that the petitioner sustained severe injuries at the hands of the respondents 5 to 10 while he was in police custody.", "court_quote_para": "16", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary text verified: Rs 3L compensation for custodial torture of minor; DIG enquiry ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-11-27", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 17503 of 2013", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "case_title", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/59561839/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-69" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-40-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2020-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0367", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "M. Seenivasan vs State represented by The Inspector of Police, Vigilance and Anti Corruption, Madurai Detachment", "display_title_redacted": "M. Seenivasan vs State represented by The Inspector of Police, Vigilance and Anti Corruption, Madurai Detachment", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Thirumangalam", "police_station_or_unit": "Thirumangalam Taluk Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "M. Seenivasan vs State represented by The Inspector of Police, Vigilance and Anti Corruption, Madurai Detachment", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal(MD) No. 129 of 2015", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M. Nirmal Kumar, J." ], "judgment_date": "2020-01-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2020, "incident_date": "2003-01-29", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "M. Seenivasan", "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Thirumangalam Taluk Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.1, "jev_p_culpable": 0.98, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "M. Seenivasan", "display": "M. Seenivasan (Sub-Inspector of Police)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Thirumangalam woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 2.0, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/179653898/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the criminal appeal of Sub-Inspector M. Seenivasan of Thirumangalam Taluk Police Station and confirmed his conviction under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The officer demanded and accepted a bribe of Rs 2,000 from complainant [name withheld] to delete her husband's name from a final report, leading to a trap by the Vigilance and Anti-Corruption wing where tainted currency notes were recovered and tested positive. Justice M. Nirmal Kumar held that the prosecution cogently proved demand, acceptance, and recovery through the evidence of eyewitnesses, the trap laying officer, and the independent shadow witness. The High Court affirmed the trial court's sentence of two years rigorous imprisonment and directed that the officer be secured to undergo the remaining sentence.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the criminal appeal of Sub-Inspector M. Seenivasan of Thirumangalam Taluk Police Station and confirmed his conviction under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The officer demanded and accepted a bribe of Rs 2,000 from complainant [name withheld] to delete her husband's name from a final report, leading to a trap by the Vigilance and Anti-Corruption wing where tainted currency notes were recovered and tested positive. Justice M. Nirmal Kumar held that the prosecution cogently proved demand, acceptance, and recovery through the evidence of eyewitnesses, the trap laying officer, and the independent shadow witness. The High Court affirmed the trial court's sentence of two years rigorous imprisonment and directed that the officer be secured to undergo the remaining sentence.", "court_quote": "the demand, acceptance and recovery had been clearly proved by the prosecution. The trial Court on perusal of both the oral and documentary evidence has given a detailed finding, which need not be interfered with.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court confirmed conviction of Sub-Inspector under PC Act for demanding and accepting Rs 2,000 bribe in DVAC trap.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal(MD) No. 129 of 2015", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2020-01-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal(MD) No. 129 of 2015", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2022-04-13", "action_type": "Appeal pending", "status": "Pending", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "As of 13 April 2022, an appeal arising from this judgment was pending before the Supreme Court of India (officers: M. Seenivasan); the judgment's findings had not been set aside on that date.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Appeal pending", "source": "https://order.law/api/pdf/SCIN010177202020?order=1dmrf", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2022-04-13", "url": "https://order.law/api/pdf/SCIN010177202020?order=1dmrf", "outcome": "pending_appeal" } ], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/179653898/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-003", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2020-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0492", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The State of Tamil Nadu Sholavandan Man", "display_title_redacted": "The State of Tamil Nadu Sholavandan Man", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Sholavandan", "police_station_or_unit": "Kadupatti Police Station; Sholavandan Police Station; Samayanallur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The State of Tamil Nadu Sholavandan Man", "case_number": "W.A. No. 3806 of 2019 and C.M.P. No. 24031 of 2019", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A. P. Sahi", "Subramonium Prasad" ], "judgment_date": "2020-01-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2020, "incident_date": "2003-04-17", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 324", "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 s.30" ], "officers": [ { "name": "M. Kalifulla", "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Samayanallur Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.23, "jev_p_culpable": 0.78, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "M. Kalifulla", "display": "M. Kalifulla (Inspector of Police)" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Sholavandan man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/7421222/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-369441.pdf", "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/custodial-torture-madras-hc-upholds-the-decision-of-sessions-court-to-award-one-lakh-compensation-to-the-victim-151953" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court Division Bench dismissed the State appeal against the Single Judge order dated 2 July 2012 awarding Rs 1 lakh to taxi driver [name withheld]. The Court recorded that a Sholavandan man was called to Kadupatti police station on 17 April 2003 for enquiry into a missing-girl case and was repeatedly beaten, including having his right thumb tied and fractured, until 21-22 April 2003. The Court noted the Principal District and Sessions Judge had already convicted Inspector M. Kalifulla under Section 324 IPC read with Section 30 of the Human Rights Act. Holding the State vicariously liable and that public-law compensation is additional to criminal-court relief, the Court upheld the Rs 1 lakh award. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court Division Bench dismissed the State appeal against the Single Judge order dated 2 July 2012 awarding Rs 1 lakh to taxi driver [name withheld]. The Court recorded that a Sholavandan man was called to Kadupatti police station on 17 April 2003 for enquiry into a missing-girl case and was repeatedly beaten, including having his right thumb tied and fractured, until 21-22 April 2003. The Court noted the Principal District and Sessions Judge had already convicted Inspector M. Kalifulla under Section 324 IPC read with Section 30 of the Human Rights Act. Holding the State vicariously liable and that public-law compensation is additional to criminal-court relief, the Court upheld the Rs 1 lakh award.", "court_quote": "So it is clear from the evidence of P.Ws 1 to 6 that the accused had committed an offence under Section 324 IPC r/w 30 of Human Rights Act.", "court_quote_para": "6 (Sessions Court finding reproduced by Division Bench)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench dismissed State writ appeal; Rs 1 lakh compensation for custodial torture upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2020-01-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. No. 3806 of 2019 and C.M.P. No. 24031 of 2019", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [], "followup_status": "never_checked", "last_checked": null, "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/7421222/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-369441.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/custodial-torture-madras-hc-upholds-the-decision-of-sessions-court-to-award-one-lakh-compensation-to-the-victim-151953", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-014", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2020-0019", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1295", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "J. Leela v. State rep. by [name withheld], Vigilance and Anti-Corruption, Dharmapuri", "display_title_redacted": "J. Leela v. State rep. by [name withheld], Vigilance and Anti-Corruption, Dharmapuri", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Salem", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Salem", "police_station_or_unit": "Office of the Inspector General of Police, Salem Zone", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "J. Leela v. State rep. by [name withheld], Vigilance and Anti-Corruption, Dharmapuri", "case_number": "Crl.A.(MD) No.76 of 2012 with Crl.M.P.(MD) No.10840 of 2019", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P. Velmurugan" ], "judgment_date": "2020-06-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2020, "incident_date": "1998-01-01", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.13(2) r/w s.13(1)(e)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector General of Police", "unit": "Tamil Nadu Police, Salem Zone", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector General of Police, Tamil Nadu Police, Salem Zone" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/107795657/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. DVAC Dharmapuri charge-sheeted Tamil Nadu cadre officer, who rose from DSP to Inspector General of Police, Salem Zone, for holding about Rs.33.58 lakh in assets disproportionate to his known income during the check period 01.01.1998-30.06.2001. The Special Court for Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Cases, Madurai convicted him on 30.03.2012 under section 13(2) read with 13(1)(e) of the PC Act, 1988, sentencing him to 3 years rigorous imprisonment and a Rs.10,000 fine, while acquitting four family co-accused. He appealed in 2012, died during pendency, and his widow [name withheld] was substituted on 26.11.2014 to continue the appeal. On 19.06.2020 the Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court held the prosecution had proved the disproportion beyond reasonable doubt and confirmed the conviction, though the custodial sentence stood abated on the appellant's death. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "DVAC Dharmapuri charge-sheeted Tamil Nadu cadre officer, who rose from DSP to Inspector General of Police, Salem Zone, for holding about Rs.33.58 lakh in assets disproportionate to his known income during the check period 01.01.1998-30.06.2001. The Special Court for Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Cases, Madurai convicted him on 30.03.2012 under section 13(2) read with 13(1)(e) of the PC Act, 1988, sentencing him to 3 years rigorous imprisonment and a Rs.10,000 fine, while acquitting four family co-accused. He appealed in 2012, died during pendency, and his widow [name withheld] was substituted on 26.11.2014 to continue the appeal. On 19.06.2020 the Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court held the prosecution had proved the disproportion beyond reasonable doubt and confirmed the conviction, though the custodial sentence stood abated on the appellant's death.", "court_quote": "A careful reading of the grounds of the appeal and also the submissions made by both the counsel and also a careful reading of the oral and documentary evidence, this court is of the view that the trial Court has rightly appreciated evidence of the prosecution and rejected the defence of the appellant and come to the conclusion that the appellant has committed the offences under Sections 13(2) r/w 13(i)(e) of Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 and rightly convicted and sentenced him to undergo a rigourous imprisonment of 3 years and also imposed a fine of Rs.10,000/-, in default to undergo 3 months simple imprisonment and also found out that there is no material to convict the other accused.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed appeal and confirmed IGP's PC Act disproportionate-assets conviction; custodial sentence abated on his death.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) No.76 of 2012 with Crl.M.P.(MD) No.10840 of 2019", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2020-06-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) No.76 of 2012 with Crl.M.P.(MD) No.10840 of 2019", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/107795657/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-88-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0464", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Namakkal Man v. The Secretary, Public (L&O-A) Dept.", "display_title_redacted": "Namakkal Man v. The Secretary, Public (L&O-A) Dept.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Namakkal", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Namakkal", "police_station_or_unit": "Namakkal PS", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Namakkal Man v. The Secretary, Public (L&O-A) Dept.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 9540 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Senthilkumar Ramamoorthy" ], "judgment_date": "2021-02-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "1995-06-21", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Namakkal PS", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Namakkal PS" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Namakkal PS", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Namakkal PS" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Namakkal PS", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Namakkal PS" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Namakkal PS", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Namakkal PS" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": 19, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Namakkal man, age 19" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/120376931/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court allowed the writ and ordered Rs 3 lakh additional compensation to the mother of 19-year-old a Namakkal man, tortured to death at Namakkal police station on 21 June 1995. The Court held the Rs 50,000 paid in 1996 was mere ex-gratia since police culpability was then unestablished, whereas guilt now stood established beyond reasonable doubt through the SDM enquiry and the life-term convictions of the Sub-Inspector and three constables. It treated State liability as the logical corollary of the established custodial death. Default interest of 9% was ordered. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court allowed the writ and ordered Rs 3 lakh additional compensation to the mother of 19-year-old a Namakkal man, tortured to death at Namakkal police station on 21 June 1995. The Court held the Rs 50,000 paid in 1996 was mere ex-gratia since police culpability was then unestablished, whereas guilt now stood established beyond reasonable doubt through the SDM enquiry and the life-term convictions of the Sub-Inspector and three constables. It treated State liability as the logical corollary of the established custodial death. Default interest of 9% was ordered.", "court_quote": "The responsibility of the Government and its officials for the tragic death of the Petitioner's son has been established beyond reasonable doubt in this case. Indeed, it is the admitted position that the Petitioner's son died while in custody at the Namakkal Police station and that such death was caused by the convicted police officials.", "court_quote_para": "6", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC allowed writ; Rs 3L additional compensation for established custodial death.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-02-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 9540 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/120376931/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-42" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-040", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0020", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1297", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "M. M. v. Secretary to Government, Home Department and Others", "display_title_redacted": "M. M. v. Secretary to Government, Home Department and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Viluppuram", "district_at_time": "Villupuram", "city_town": "Tindivanam", "police_station_or_unit": "Tindivanam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "M. M. v. Secretary to Government, Home Department and Others", "case_number": "W.A. No.2558 of 2013", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T. Raja", "V. Sivagnanam" ], "judgment_date": "2021-11-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "2011-01-26", "incident_year": 2011, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226", "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Tindivanam Police Station, Viluppuram District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Tindivanam Police Station, Viluppuram District" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Tindivanam woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/195356530/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. the survivor was admittedly taken from her Panruti home to Tindivanam Police Station on 26.01.2011 by mistaken identity, illegally detained over seven hours, beaten with a lathi and molested inside the station. Her SHRC complaint was dismissed for default and her writ petition dismissed on 08.11.2012 for not naming the policemen. On 23.11.2021 a Division Bench of the Madras High Court held both dismissals wrong, recorded prima facie satisfaction with the custodial-violence complaint, and invoked public-law compensation under D.K. Basu. The Court set aside both orders, directed Rs.3,00,000 interim compensation within four weeks, and remanded the matter to the SHRC to identify the officers and enquire afresh. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "the survivor was admittedly taken from her Panruti home to Tindivanam Police Station on 26.01.2011 by mistaken identity, illegally detained over seven hours, beaten with a lathi and molested inside the station. Her SHRC complaint was dismissed for default and her writ petition dismissed on 08.11.2012 for not naming the policemen. On 23.11.2021 a Division Bench of the Madras High Court held both dismissals wrong, recorded prima facie satisfaction with the custodial-violence complaint, and invoked public-law compensation under D.K. Basu. The Court set aside both orders, directed Rs.3,00,000 interim compensation within four weeks, and remanded the matter to the SHRC to identify the officers and enquire afresh.", "court_quote": "For all the aforementioned reasons, having been prima facie satisfied with the complaint of custodial violence, for outraging the modesty of the appellant, being the mother of two female children, while setting aside the order passed in the writ petition as well as the order passed by the State Human Rights Commission, we remand the matter back to the file of the State Human Rights Commission to enquire into the complaint of the appellant afresh and find out who are the officers who have illegally detained the appellant and committed custodial violence on 26.1.2011, as per the procedure established by law, within a period of five months from the date of receipt of a copy of this order. Considering the facts and circumstances of the case, we also direct the respondent State to pay a sum of Rs.3,00,000/- (Rupees three lakhs only) as interim compensation to the appellant within a period of four weeks from the date of receipt of a copy of this order, leaving it open to the State Human Rights Commission to do the needful on merits and in accordance with law.", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench recorded prima facie custodial violence, ordered Rs.3 lakh interim compensation, remanded to SHRC to identify officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-11-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. No.2558 of 2013", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/195356530/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-89-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0025", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0023", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pudukkoorapettai Police Inspector of Police and others vs State by [name withheld], CBI/SCB/Chennai (Pudukkoorapettai Woman-Pudukkoorapettai Man honour killing case)", "display_title_redacted": "Pudukkoorapettai Police Inspector of Police and others vs State by [name withheld], CBI/SCB/Chennai (Pudukkoorapettai Woman-Pudukkoorapettai Man honour killing case)", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Pudukkoorapettai", "police_station_or_unit": "Vriddhachalam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pudukkoorapettai Police Inspector of Police and others vs State by [name withheld], CBI/SCB/Chennai (Pudukkoorapettai Woman-Pudukkoorapettai Man honour killing case)", "case_number": "R.T. No.4 of 2021 and Crl.A. Nos.483, 504, 522, 523, 524 and 626 of 2021", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P.N. Prakash", "A.A. Nakkiran" ], "judgment_date": "2022-06-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "2003-07-08", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 217", "IPC 218", "SC/ST Act 1989 s.3(2)(i)", "SC/ST Act 1989 s.4" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Vriddhachalam Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Vriddhachalam Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Vriddhachalam Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Vriddhachalam Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pudukkoorapettai man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pudukkoorapettai woman" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pudukkoorapettai man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pudukkoorapettai man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pudukkoorapettai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 5, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 900000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29817701/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/tn-honour-killing-case-supreme-court-upholds-life-sentence-of-police-inspector-for-fabricating-evidence-against-dalits-290616" ], "summary": "Newly married inter-caste couple a Pudukkoorapettai man and a Pudukkoorapettai woman died on 8 July 2003 and their bodies were cremated in haste; Inspector manufactured an extrajudicial confession, falsely implicated three Dalit men, arrested them, recorded their police confessions and effected make-believe seizures, while Sub-Inspector registered the FIR thereafter. The CBI investigated and the Special Court convicted thirteen accused. The Division Bench held the fabrication by [name withheld] proved, dismissed his appeal and confirmed his life sentence with the Rs.3,00,000-each compensation to the three victims' side, and confirmed [name withheld]'s conviction under Section 217 IPC and Section 4 of the SC/ST Act while acquitting him of Section 218 IPC and Section 3(2)(i).", "summary_verified": "Newly married inter-caste couple a Pudukkoorapettai man and a Pudukkoorapettai woman died on 8 July 2003 and their bodies were cremated in haste; Inspector manufactured an extrajudicial confession, falsely implicated three Dalit men, arrested them, recorded their police confessions and effected make-believe seizures, while Sub-Inspector registered the FIR thereafter. The CBI investigated and the Special Court convicted thirteen accused. The Division Bench held the fabrication by [name withheld] proved, dismissed his appeal and confirmed his life sentence with the Rs.3,00,000-each compensation to the three victims' side, and confirmed [name withheld]'s conviction under Section 217 IPC and Section 4 of the SC/ST Act while acquitting him of Section 218 IPC and Section 3(2)(i).", "court_quote": "it was only [name withheld] (A.15), with the knowledge of his [name withheld], who had falsely implicated a Pudukkoorapettai man (P.W.1), a Pudukkoorapettai man (P.W.33) and a Pudukkoorapettai man, all Dalits, in this case, arrested them, recorded their police confessions and effected make-believe seizures.", "court_quote_para": "222", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed Inspector's appeal confirming life term for fabricating evidence; SI conviction u/s 217 IPC and s.4 SC/ST Act confirmed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "R.T. No.4 of 2021 and Crl.A. Nos.483, 504, 522, 523, 524 and 626 of 2021", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2022-06-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "R.T. No.4 of 2021 and Crl.A. Nos.483, 504, 522, 523, 524 and 626 of 2021", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29817701/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/tn-honour-killing-case-supreme-court-upholds-life-sentence-of-police-inspector-for-fabricating-evidence-against-dalits-290616", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-50" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP5-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0011", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0541", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "K. Kumaradoss vs The Principal Secretary to Government and Others", "display_title_redacted": "K. Kumaradoss vs The Principal Secretary to Government and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "K. Kumaradoss vs The Principal Secretary to Government and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 2507 of 2015", "citation": "2022 LiveLaw (Mad) 267", "judges": [ "S. M. Subramaniam" ], "judgment_date": "2022-06-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory_display": "extortion", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": "K. Kumaradoss", "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Chennai City Police, Ambattur/Madhavaram", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.93, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "K. Kumaradoss", "display": "K. Kumaradoss (Special Sub-Inspector)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Chennai resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/38483876/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-police-officials-receiving-mamool-order-of-punishment-upheld-202303" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court (Justice S. M. Subramaniam) dismissed the writ petition of retired Special Sub-Inspector K. Kumaradoss, upholding the major penalty of pay reduction by three stages for three years with cumulative effect for receiving mamool of Rs 50 twice a week from a bunk-shop owner near a TASMAC shop. The Court held the departmental enquiry's finding of proved corruption charges suffered no perversity and the punishment was not disproportionate. It directed registration of criminal cases wherever mamool receipt by police officials is traced. The appeal and review against the penalty had already failed.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (Justice S. M. Subramaniam) dismissed the writ petition of retired Special Sub-Inspector K. Kumaradoss, upholding the major penalty of pay reduction by three stages for three years with cumulative effect for receiving mamool of Rs 50 twice a week from a bunk-shop owner near a TASMAC shop. The Court held the departmental enquiry's finding of proved corruption charges suffered no perversity and the punishment was not disproportionate. It directed registration of criminal cases wherever mamool receipt by police officials is traced. The appeal and review against the penalty had already failed.", "court_quote": "Perusal of the entire findings of the enquiry officer in his report, it is clear that the allegation of receiving mamool by the police officials are established.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC upheld major penalty for proved mamool receipts; directed criminal cases.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-06-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2022 LiveLaw (Mad) 267", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/38483876/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-police-officials-receiving-mamool-order-of-punishment-upheld-202303", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-33" ], "merged_case_id": "SWEXTORT-004", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0014", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0359", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "K-7 ICF Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man vs The State of Tamil Nadu", "case_number": "W.P. No. 10249/2020", "citation": "2022 LiveLaw (Mad) 331", "judges": [ "G.K. Ilanthiraiyan" ], "judgment_date": "2022-07-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "2012-01-11", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 342", "IPC 343", "IPC 348", "IPC 324", "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police (Crime)", "unit": "K-7 ICF Police Station, Chennai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.19, "jev_p_culpable": 0.78, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police (Crime), K-7 ICF Police Station, Chennai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 22, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man, age 22" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/64472349/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-custodial-death-murder-charge-against-erring-officials-five-lakh-interim-compensation-to-family-205624" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court allowed the Article 226 writ plea of S. Pongulali over the custodial death of her 22-year-old son [name withheld], picked up by K-7 ICF police on 11 January 2012 and dead on 16 January 2012 after being shuttled between the prison hospital and Royapettah Government Hospital without proper treatment. Holding it a clear case of murder by the accused police personnel, the Court directed the CB-CID to alter Crime No. 2 of 2017 to Section 302 IPC against Inspector and the other accused officers and file a final report within eight weeks. It directed the Government of Tamil Nadu to pay Rs 5 lakh interim compensation to the dependents (mother, young wife and 8-year-old child) within four weeks, recoverable from the accused persons in the manner known to law. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court allowed the Article 226 writ plea of S. Pongulali over the custodial death of her 22-year-old son [name withheld], picked up by K-7 ICF police on 11 January 2012 and dead on 16 January 2012 after being shuttled between the prison hospital and Royapettah Government Hospital without proper treatment. Holding it a clear case of murder by the accused police personnel, the Court directed the CB-CID to alter Crime No. 2 of 2017 to Section 302 IPC against Inspector and the other accused officers and file a final report within eight weeks. It directed the Government of Tamil Nadu to pay Rs 5 lakh interim compensation to the dependents (mother, young wife and 8-year-old child) within four weeks, recoverable from the accused persons in the manner known to law.", "court_quote": "Therefore, it is clear case of murder and all the accused persons shall be punished for the offence under Section 302 of IPC.", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras High Court held the custodial death of a Chennai man a clear case of murder, directed CB-CID to alter the case to s.302 IPC against Inspector and other K-7 ICF personnel, and awarded Rs 5 lakh interim compensation recoverable from the accused.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-07-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2022 LiveLaw (Mad) 331", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/64472349/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-custodial-death-murder-charge-against-erring-officials-five-lakh-interim-compensation-to-family-205624", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-11", "chunk-r08" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0031", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1300", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kudimangalam Man v. Secretary to Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Kudimangalam Man v. Secretary to Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruppur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kudimangalam", "police_station_or_unit": "Kudimangalam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Kudimangalam Man v. Secretary to Government of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. Nos.32765 & 32766 of 2014 and W.M.P. No.11454 of 2017", "citation": "2022 SCC OnLine Mad 3751", "judges": [ "G. Chandrasekharan" ], "judgment_date": "2022-07-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "2014-10-31", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police, Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police, Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police, Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Woman Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Woman Police Constable, Kudimangalam Police Station, Tiruppur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade I Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Udumalpet Police Station, Tiruppur District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Grade I Police Constable, Udumalpet Police Station, Tiruppur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Keeranur Police Station, Dindigul District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Keeranur Police Station, Dindigul District" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kudimangalam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/94827260/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2022/08/04/allowed-to-die-as-an-orphan-without-any-efforts-taken-for-identifying-his-name-address-wife-and-children-madras-high-court-directs-compensation-to-the-family/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Kudimangalam man met with a road accident on 31.10.2014 within Kudimangalam Police Station limits, was admitted to Coimbatore Government Medical College Hospital, and died unidentified on 13.11.2014 without any FIR being registered, despite the accident having been intimated to the station and family visits with a missing-person notice. On 20.07.2022 the Madras High Court held the Kudimangalam police personnel and hospital staff had failed their public duty and constitutional mandate, violating the deceased's fundamental right to competent medical treatment and letting him die as an orphan. The Court awarded Rs.15,00,000 compensation at 6% interest, recoverable from the responsible police officials and medical staff, and ordered the SP, Tiruppur to have the accident reinvestigated by an officer not below DSP rank with a supplementary final report within three months. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Kudimangalam man met with a road accident on 31.10.2014 within Kudimangalam Police Station limits, was admitted to Coimbatore Government Medical College Hospital, and died unidentified on 13.11.2014 without any FIR being registered, despite the accident having been intimated to the station and family visits with a missing-person notice. On 20.07.2022 the Madras High Court held the Kudimangalam police personnel and hospital staff had failed their public duty and constitutional mandate, violating the deceased's fundamental right to competent medical treatment and letting him die as an orphan. The Court awarded Rs.15,00,000 compensation at 6% interest, recoverable from the responsible police officials and medical staff, and ordered the SP, Tiruppur to have the accident reinvestigated by an officer not below DSP rank with a supplementary final report within three months.", "court_quote": "Thus, they violated the fundamental right of the deceased [name withheld] for competent medical treatment.", "court_quote_para": "75", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held Kudimangalam police violated accident victim's right to care; Rs.15 lakh compensation plus DSP-rank reinvestigation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-07-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2022 SCC OnLine Mad 3751", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/94827260/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2022/08/04/allowed-to-die-as-an-orphan-without-any-efforts-taken-for-identifying-his-name-address-wife-and-children-madras-high-court-directs-compensation-to-the-family/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-89-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0855", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Dharapuram Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Dharapuram Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruppur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Dharapuram", "police_station_or_unit": "Dharapuram Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Dharapuram Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. Nos. 22431 and 22527 of 2021", "citation": "2022 LiveLaw (Mad) 490", "judges": [ "R. Subramanian", "K. Kumaresh Babu" ], "judgment_date": "2022-11-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "2020-02-29", "incident_year": 2020, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 294(b)", "IPC 323", "IPC 506(ii)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Dharapuram Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Dharapuram Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Dharapuram man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://livelaw-hpnlu.refread.com/pdf_upload/490-l-muruganandam-v-state-29-nov-2022-448050.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/1219499/l-muruganantham-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu-others/", "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2025/july/l-muruganantham-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu-36" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court partly allowed the writ petition of a Dharapuram man, an advocate with 80% locomotor disability, and dismissed the erring Sub-Inspector's challenge. The court found his arrest on 29.02.2020 by the Dharapuram police violated the D.K. Basu and Arnesh Kumar guidelines and that he was slapped and harassed in custody. It held the SHRC's Rs 1 lakh award wholly insufficient and enhanced compensation to Rs 5 lakh, with Rs 4 lakh borne by the State and Rs 1 lakh recoverable from the officer. It retained the direction to take disciplinary action against the Sub-Inspector and awarded Rs 25,000 costs; the Supreme Court affirmed on 15.07.2025. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court partly allowed the writ petition of a Dharapuram man, an advocate with 80% locomotor disability, and dismissed the erring Sub-Inspector's challenge. The court found his arrest on 29.02.2020 by the Dharapuram police violated the D.K. Basu and Arnesh Kumar guidelines and that he was slapped and harassed in custody. It held the SHRC's Rs 1 lakh award wholly insufficient and enhanced compensation to Rs 5 lakh, with Rs 4 lakh borne by the State and Rs 1 lakh recoverable from the officer. It retained the direction to take disciplinary action against the Sub-Inspector and awarded Rs 25,000 costs; the Supreme Court affirmed on 15.07.2025.", "court_quote": "The very casual manner in which the officer replied to our query, as to whether, he had read the judgment in Arnesh Kumar v. State of Bihar and another shocks us. Such replies will reflect upon the entire Police Force.", "court_quote_para": "37", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary PDF verified: Rs 5L compensation (Rs 4L State + Rs 1L recovery from SI), officer's writ dismissed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-11-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2022 LiveLaw (Mad) 490", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://livelaw-hpnlu.refread.com/pdf_upload/490-l-muruganandam-v-state-29-nov-2022-448050.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/1219499/l-muruganantham-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu-others/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2025/july/l-muruganantham-vs-state-of-tamil-nadu-36", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-69" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-40-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0036", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1299", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Dindigul Resident and Others v. Superintendent of Police, Dindigul District", "display_title_redacted": "Dindigul Resident and Others v. Superintendent of Police, Dindigul District", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Dindigul", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Dindigul District Police", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Dindigul Resident and Others v. Superintendent of Police, Dindigul District", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.7380 of 2016 and W.M.P.(MD) No.6201 of 2016", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Srimathy" ], "judgment_date": "2023-02-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Dindigul District Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Dindigul District Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Dindigul District Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Dindigul District Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Dindigul District Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Dindigul District Police" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Dindigul resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/35790241/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Three serving Dindigul policemen faced a custodial-death complaint; the NHRC enquired, ordered compensation to the victim's family, and directed the Government to pay and recover from the policemen, yielding recovery orders dated 06.11.2015 and 10.12.2015. The policemen challenged the recovery before the Madurai Bench, which had earlier stayed recovery subject to the outcome of the criminal proceedings. The Government reported that all three were convicted in the criminal case on 27.04.2021. On 23.02.2023 the Court therefore declined to entertain the petition and dismissed it, keeping the compensation recovery alive with liberty to revive their rights if acquitted on appeal.", "summary_verified": "Three serving Dindigul policemen faced a custodial-death complaint; the NHRC enquired, ordered compensation to the victim's family, and directed the Government to pay and recover from the policemen, yielding recovery orders dated 06.11.2015 and 10.12.2015. The policemen challenged the recovery before the Madurai Bench, which had earlier stayed recovery subject to the outcome of the criminal proceedings. The Government reported that all three were convicted in the criminal case on 27.04.2021. On 23.02.2023 the Court therefore declined to entertain the petition and dismissed it, keeping the compensation recovery alive with liberty to revive their rights if acquitted on appeal.", "court_quote": "Since the criminal proceedings ended in conviction, this Writ Petition stands dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "6", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed convicted policemen's challenge, sustaining NHRC compensation recovery for custodial death.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-02-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered compensation in an amount stated in the judgment.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) No.7380 of 2016 and W.M.P.(MD) No.6201 of 2016", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] }, { "date": "2026-09-25", "scope": "Compensation ordered by the NHRC (recoverable from the three policemen) with no fixed amount in the order; the High Court kept the recovery in force." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/35790241/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-89-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "compensation_ordered": true, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0039", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1296", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Thiruvattar Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Thiruvattar Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kanyakumari", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Thiruvattar", "police_station_or_unit": "Thiruvattar Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Thiruvattar Woman v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No.2584 of 2016 and W.M.P.(MD) No.2295 of 2016", "citation": "2023 LiveLaw (Mad) 109", "judges": [ "R. Vijayakumar" ], "judgment_date": "2023-03-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2010-02-16", "incident_year": 2010, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act 1956", "Constitution Art.21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Thiruvattar Police Station, Kanyakumari District", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Thiruvattar Police Station, Kanyakumari District" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Thiruvattar woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/x-v-state-and-others-466623.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-directs-state-compensate-woman-falsely-implicated-immoral-traffic-act-225409", "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2023/04/06/madras-hc-directs-state-to-pay-rs-2-lakh-compensation-to-woman-falsely-accused-of-immoral-trafficking-legal-research-legal-news-updates/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Thiruvattar woman was arrested on 16.02.2010 in Crime No.91 of 2010 under the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act and detained 13 days on a complaint the Court found was fabricated from blank signed papers of a traffic offender. A DSP, District Crime Branch, Nagercoil enquiry reported on 29.04.2011 that the case was foisted and recommended withdrawal; the charge sheet was quashed on 26.06.2015 but no action was taken against the erring officials. On 29.03.2023 the Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court held the foisted case and arrest sullied her privacy and reputation, for which the State is responsible. The Court directed the State to pay Rs.2,00,000 compensation within 8 weeks, with liberty to recover from the erring police officials. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Thiruvattar woman was arrested on 16.02.2010 in Crime No.91 of 2010 under the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act and detained 13 days on a complaint the Court found was fabricated from blank signed papers of a traffic offender. A DSP, District Crime Branch, Nagercoil enquiry reported on 29.04.2011 that the case was foisted and recommended withdrawal; the charge sheet was quashed on 26.06.2015 but no action was taken against the erring officials. On 29.03.2023 the Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court held the foisted case and arrest sullied her privacy and reputation, for which the State is responsible. The Court directed the State to pay Rs.2,00,000 compensation within 8 weeks, with liberty to recover from the erring police officials.", "court_quote": "In view of the above said undisputed facts, it is clear that the right of privacy and reputation of the writ petitioner have been sullied by the act of the police officials for which the State is certainly responsible.", "court_quote_para": "25", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held Thiruvattar police foisted a false ITP Act case; Rs.2 lakh compensation with liberty to recover from erring officials.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-03-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2023 LiveLaw (Mad) 109", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/x-v-state-and-others-466623.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-directs-state-compensate-woman-falsely-implicated-immoral-traffic-act-225409", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2023/04/06/madras-hc-directs-state-to-pay-rs-2-lakh-compensation-to-woman-falsely-accused-of-immoral-trafficking-legal-research-legal-news-updates/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-89-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0438", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State v. Tamil Nadu Police Assistant Commissioner of Police", "display_title_redacted": "State v. Tamil Nadu Police Assistant Commissioner of Police", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Assistant Commissioner of Police, Madurai (formerly ACP (Crime), Thirumangalam, Chennai)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State v. Tamil Nadu Police Assistant Commissioner of Police", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 443 of 2014", "citation": null, "judges": [ "G. Jayachandran" ], "judgment_date": "2023-04-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "1991-01-01", "incident_year": 1991, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(e) r/w s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Commissioner of Police", "unit": "Tamil Nadu Police (ACP Madurai)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Commissioner of Police, Tamil Nadu Police (ACP Madurai)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/thirusvasanthakumar-1492469.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/prevention-of-corruption-act-misconduct-of-public-servant-1472581" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court allowed the State's appeal under Section 378 CrPC and set aside the 20 February 2014 acquittal by the Special Court for PC Act Cases, Chennai (C.C. 82/2011), convicting Assistant Commissioner of Police [name withheld] under Section 13(2) read with Section 13(1)(e) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Court found that while serving as ACP, Madurai, he held assets disproportionate to his known sources of income during the check period from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 2000, with acquired wealth of about Rs. 24.9 lakh against likely savings of about Rs. 13.5 lakh. It held the trial court had proceeded on a wrong presumption and that the unexplained excessive assets brought his misconduct within Section 13(1)(e). The accused was directed to appear on 19 April 2023 for hearing on sentence; the sentence order is not on record. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court allowed the State's appeal under Section 378 CrPC and set aside the 20 February 2014 acquittal by the Special Court for PC Act Cases, Chennai (C.C. 82/2011), convicting Assistant Commissioner of Police [name withheld] under Section 13(2) read with Section 13(1)(e) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Court found that while serving as ACP, Madurai, he held assets disproportionate to his known sources of income during the check period from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 2000, with acquired wealth of about Rs. 24.9 lakh against likely savings of about Rs. 13.5 lakh. It held the trial court had proceeded on a wrong presumption and that the unexplained excessive assets brought his misconduct within Section 13(1)(e). The accused was directed to appear on 19 April 2023 for hearing on sentence; the sentence order is not on record.", "court_quote": "Accordingly, this Criminal Appeal is allowed and order of acquittal passed by the trial Court in C.C.No.82 of 2011 (Old C.C.No.02 of 2008) dated 20.02.2014, is set aside. The accused is found guilty of the offence under Section 13(2) r/w 13(1)(e) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.", "court_quote_para": "42", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC judgment PDF verified; acquittal set aside, ACP convicted of disproportionate assets; subcategory corrected to other.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-04-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 443 of 2014", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/thirusvasanthakumar-1492469.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/prevention-of-corruption-act-misconduct-of-public-servant-1472581", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-38" ], "merged_case_id": "SWBRIBER-011", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0371", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kannan vs The [name withheld], Paramakudi Town", "display_title_redacted": "Kannan vs The [name withheld], Paramakudi Town", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Ramanathapuram", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Paramakudi", "police_station_or_unit": "Nainarkovil Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Kannan vs The [name withheld], Paramakudi Town", "case_number": "Crl.R.C.(MD) No. 416 of 2018", "citation": null, "judges": [ "G.K. Ilanthiraiyan, J." ], "judgment_date": "2023-04-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2005-12-20", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 330" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Kannan", "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Nainarkovil Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.04, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Kannan", "display": "Kannan (Police Officer)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Paramakudi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.5, "compensation_inr": 10000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/109209221/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed a criminal revision case filed by police officer Kannan and affirmed his conviction under Section 330 IPC for inflicting custodial torture to extort a confession. In December 2005, the victim was brought to Nainarkovil Police Station on suspicion of jewel theft, where the petitioner tied his hands and legs, beat him with a lathi, and kicked him with boots, causing injuries that required hospitalisation at Paramakudi Government Hospital and Madurai Rajaji Hospital. Rejecting the officer's plea that sanction under Section 197 CrPC was required, Justice G.K. Ilanthiraiyan held that custodial violence forms no part of official duty and was conclusively established by the medical evidence and the RDO enquiry. The Court affirmed the modified sentence of six months simple imprisonment and a fine of Rs 20,000, of which Rs 10,000 was awarded to the victim as compensation. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed a criminal revision case filed by police officer Kannan and affirmed his conviction under Section 330 IPC for inflicting custodial torture to extort a confession. In December 2005, the victim was brought to Nainarkovil Police Station on suspicion of jewel theft, where the petitioner tied his hands and legs, beat him with a lathi, and kicked him with boots, causing injuries that required hospitalisation at Paramakudi Government Hospital and Madurai Rajaji Hospital. Rejecting the officer's plea that sanction under Section 197 CrPC was required, Justice G.K. Ilanthiraiyan held that custodial violence forms no part of official duty and was conclusively established by the medical evidence and the RDO enquiry. The Court affirmed the modified sentence of six months simple imprisonment and a fine of Rs 20,000, of which Rs 10,000 was awarded to the victim as compensation.", "court_quote": "the prosecution proved that P.W.1 was assaulted by the petitioner in the Police Station, that too without committing any offence.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court confirmed conviction of police officer under IPC 330 for custodial torture to extort confession in false theft case.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.R.C.(MD) No. 416 of 2018", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2023-04-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Crl.R.C.(MD) No. 416 of 2018", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/109209221/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-007", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0033", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0740", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "R-7 K.K. Nagar Police Station, Chennai", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No. 13488 of 2005", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Anita Sumanth" ], "judgment_date": "2023-06-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2002-11-29", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "R-7 K.K. Nagar PS, Chennai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, R-7 K.K. Nagar PS, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector (L&O)", "unit": "R-7 K.K. Nagar PS, Chennai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector (L&O), R-7 K.K. Nagar PS, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "R-7 K.K. Nagar PS, Chennai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, R-7 K.K. Nagar PS, Chennai" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 2000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/84698935/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court (Justice Anita Sumanth) awarded Rs 20 lakh to ex-Sub-Inspector for illegal detention and custodial torture by R-7 K.K. Nagar police from 29 November to 3 December 2002. Pre-record custody, denied in police records, was proved because the police themselves took the petitioner (with his brother) to a private hospital and diagnostic centre and paid for treatment of his injuries. Calling the police records shamelessly false, the Court ordered payment by bank transfer in four weeks (8% interest on delay) and disciplinary proceedings against all three officers with enquiry concluded in 12 weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court (Justice Anita Sumanth) awarded Rs 20 lakh to ex-Sub-Inspector for illegal detention and custodial torture by R-7 K.K. Nagar police from 29 November to 3 December 2002. Pre-record custody, denied in police records, was proved because the police themselves took the petitioner (with his brother) to a private hospital and diagnostic centre and paid for treatment of his injuries. Calling the police records shamelessly false, the Court ordered payment by bank transfer in four weeks (8% interest on delay) and disciplinary proceedings against all three officers with enquiry concluded in 12 weeks.", "court_quote": "Such instances were both prior to and after 03.12.2002 and fortify the petitioner’s version of events, that he was in custody of the police even prior to 03.12.2002. This exposes yet again, the shamelessly false contents of the police records and counters.", "court_quote_para": "83", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras HC judgment verified on Indian Kanoon except operative para (fetch truncated); Rs 20L figure per agent full-text read.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-06-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 2,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No. 13488 of 2005", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/84698935/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-53" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-088", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0043", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1298", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Thanjavur Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Thanjavur Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Thanjavur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Thanjavur", "police_station_or_unit": "Taluk Police Station, Thanjavur", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Thanjavur Man v. State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.33577 of 2005", "citation": "2023:MHC:3480", "judges": [ "Anita Sumanth" ], "judgment_date": "2023-06-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2002-07-27", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 379", "CrPC 176", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Taluk Police Station, Thanjavur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Taluk Police Station, Thanjavur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Taluk Police Station, Thanjavur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Taluk Police Station, Thanjavur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Kallaperambur Police Station, Thanjavur District", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Kallaperambur Police Station, Thanjavur District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Thanjavur Police", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Thanjavur Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Thanjavur Police", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Thanjavur Police" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Thanjavur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/43635433/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Thanjavur man @ a Thanjavur man was picked up around 27.07.2002 for enquiry into electricity-wire theft, beaten with lathis in the station in his wife's presence, formally arrested on 01.08.2002, remanded, and died in custody on 07.08.2002. Though death occurred on 07.08.2002, the body was retained 48 hours and post-mortem conducted only on 09.08.2002, with the requisition itself dated 09.08.2002. On 26.06.2023 the Madras High Court held the authorities let the body decompose so all evidence of violence would stand effaced, calling it a calculated attempt of the police authorities. The Court allowed the writ petition and directed Rs.10,00,000 compensation for custodial torture and demise in police custody within four weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Thanjavur man @ a Thanjavur man was picked up around 27.07.2002 for enquiry into electricity-wire theft, beaten with lathis in the station in his wife's presence, formally arrested on 01.08.2002, remanded, and died in custody on 07.08.2002. Though death occurred on 07.08.2002, the body was retained 48 hours and post-mortem conducted only on 09.08.2002, with the requisition itself dated 09.08.2002. On 26.06.2023 the Madras High Court held the authorities let the body decompose so all evidence of violence would stand effaced, calling it a calculated attempt of the police authorities. The Court allowed the writ petition and directed Rs.10,00,000 compensation for custodial torture and demise in police custody within four weeks.", "court_quote": "It is all too apparent that the attempt of the authorities was to disrupt the integrity of the body and ensure its decomposition so that all evidence of violence would stand effaced / erased. This is a calculated attempt of the police authorities.", "court_quote_para": "30", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held police let body decompose to efface evidence of violence; Rs.10 lakh compensation for custodial torture and death.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-06-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2023:MHC:3480", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/43635433/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-89-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0023", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0366", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0556" ], "display_title": "M. Jeya vs The Principal Secretary to Government, Home Department and Others", "display_title_redacted": "M. Jeya vs The Principal Secretary to Government, Home Department and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "M. Jeya vs The Principal Secretary to Government, Home Department and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) No. 5259 of 2021", "citation": "2023 LiveLaw (Mad) 256", "judges": [ "P. Dhanabal, J." ], "judgment_date": "2023-08-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2019-01-13", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.93, "jev_p_culpable": 0.07, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, S.S. Colony Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.93, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, S.S. Colony Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, S.S. Colony Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": 17, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Madurai boy, age 17", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": 17, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 17-year-old boy" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 2500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/m-jeya-v-principal-secretary-490958.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-custodial-torture-state-to-pay-25-lakh-compensation-to-parents-of-minor-237181", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/article-226-madras-high-court-increases-compensation-to-rs-25-lakhs-in-police-custodial-death-case-1493038", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/116687339/" ], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court held the State liable for the custodial torture and death of 17-year-old a 17-year-old boy, who was detained by S.S. Colony police in January 2019, assaulted extensively, and succumbed to internal injuries on 24.01.2019. Justice P. Dhanabal held that the record prima facie established that the deceased died while in police custody as a direct consequence of assault. Invoking writ jurisdiction under Article 226 and applying principles from motor accident claims (multiplier method), the Court enhanced the compensation to Rs 25,00,000 with 6% interest per annum, deducting the interim relief of Rs 5 lakh already paid. The Court directed that recovery of the compensation from delinquent police officials would abide by the result of the pending criminal trial.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court held the State liable for the custodial torture and death of 17-year-old Muthu Karthick, who was detained by S.S. Colony police in January 2019, assaulted extensively, and succumbed to internal injuries on 24.01.2019. Justice P. Dhanabal held that the record prima facie established that the deceased died while in police custody as a direct consequence of assault. Invoking writ jurisdiction under Article 226 and applying principles from motor accident claims (multiplier method), the Court enhanced the compensation to Rs 25,00,000 with 6% interest per annum, deducting the interim relief of Rs 5 lakh already paid. The Court directed that recovery of the compensation from delinquent police officials would abide by the result of the pending criminal trial.", "court_quote": "It prima facie establishes the fact that the deceased died only while he was in custody of the police. Therefore, this Court can very well invoke the jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution of India to award compensation for the custodial torture by the police.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court awarded Rs 25 lakh compensation for custodial death of 17-year-old boy tortured by S.S. Colony police.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-08-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 2,500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2023 LiveLaw (Mad) 256", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/m-jeya-v-principal-secretary-490958.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-custodial-torture-state-to-pay-25-lakh-compensation-to-parents-of-minor-237181", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/article-226-madras-high-court-increases-compensation-to-rs-25-lakhs-in-police-custodial-death-case-1493038", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/116687339/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12", "chunk-53" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0362", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1469" ], "display_title": "L. Nadhan and others vs State by [name withheld], CBI", "display_title_redacted": "L. Nadhan and others vs State by [name withheld], CBI", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Dharmapuri", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vachathi", "police_station_or_unit": "Tamil Nadu Police (Harur / Dharmapuri raid party)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "L. Nadhan and others vs State by [name withheld], CBI", "case_number": "Crl.A. Nos. 618, 622, 624-626, 635, 649, 653-654, 657-660, 662, 665-666, 668-671, 673, 679, 682, 690, 692 of 2011", "citation": "2023:MHC:4526", "judges": [ "P. Velmurugan, J." ], "judgment_date": "2023-09-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "1992-06-20", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 147", "IPC 323", "IPC 342", "IPC 376", "IPC 201", "SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 s.3(1)(x)", "SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 s.3(1)(xi)", "SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 s.3(2)(v)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "L. Nadhan & 83 other police personnel", "rank": "Various ranks", "unit": "Tamil Nadu Police (Vachathi raid party)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "L. Nadhan & 83 other police personnel", "display": "L. Nadhan & 83 other police personnel (Various ranks)" } ], "officer_count": 84, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Vachathi woman", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "the complainant" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 18, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 7.0, "compensation_inr": 18000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/160871868/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-1992-vachathi-crimes-officials-appeal-against-conviction-dismissed-238972", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/madras-high-court-upholds-conviction-of-tn-forest-department-officials-others-in-1992-vachathi-case", "https://lawtrend.in/vachathi-atrocity-hc-upholds-conviction-of-over-200-persons-directs-compensation-for-rape-victims/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Replace 'June 1992 the complainant atrocities' with 'June 1992 the complainant atrocities' and '18 the complainant women' with '18 the complainant women'. Note max sentence is 10 years RI under SC/ST Act s.3(2)(v) (para 4 table Sl.No.8), not 'up to 7 years' (7 years is the Sec 376 IPC component only). Totals '215 officials, including 84 police' are not stated in HC text (which speaks of 269 accused, confirms convictions) — retain only if trial-judgment citation added, else drop counts.", "summary_verified": "Replace 'June 1992 the complainant atrocities' with 'June 1992 Vachathi atrocities' and '18 the complainant women' with '18 tribal women'. Note max sentence is 10 years RI under SC/ST Act s.3(2)(v) (para 4 table Sl.No.8), not 'up to 7 years' (7 years is the Sec 376 IPC component only). Totals '215 officials, including 84 police' are not stated in HC text (which speaks of 269 accused, confirms convictions) — retain only if trial-judgment citation added, else drop counts.", "court_quote": "In view of the above discussion and for the foregoing reasons, this Court finds all the accused have committed the charged offences. There are no merits in these appeals and the same are liable to be dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "104", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court upheld convictions of 84 police personnel and forest/revenue officials in 1992 Vachathi atrocities (custodial rape, assault, wrongful confinement).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2023:MHC:4526", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2023-09-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2023:MHC:4526", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/160871868/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-1992-vachathi-crimes-officials-appeal-against-conviction-dismissed-238972", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/madras-high-court-upholds-conviction-of-tn-forest-department-officials-others-in-1992-vachathi-case", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawtrend.in/vachathi-atrocity-hc-upholds-conviction-of-over-200-persons-directs-compensation-for-rape-victims/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12", "chunk-45" ], "merged_case_id": "SWOTHERM-010", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0032", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1304", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Neyveli Man & Anr. v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Neyveli Man & Anr. v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Neyveli", "police_station_or_unit": "Neyveli Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Neyveli Man & Anr. v. State of Tamil Nadu & Ors.", "case_number": "W.P. Nos. 10049 and 21737 of 2023, W.P. No. 32935 of 2022", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. S. Sundar", "G. Arul Murugan" ], "judgment_date": "2024-03-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2020-10-28", "incident_year": 2020, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 294(b)", "IPC 392", "IPC 397", "IPC 506(2)", "CrPC 176(1-A)", "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 22(2)", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Neyveli Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Neyveli Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Neyveli Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Neyveli Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Neyveli Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Neyveli Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Parangipettai Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Parangipettai Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Umangalam Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Umangalam Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Neyveli Thermal Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Neyveli Thermal Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Umangalam Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Umangalam Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Neyveli Thermal Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Neyveli Thermal Police Station, Cuddalore District" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Mantharakuppam Police Station, Cuddalore District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Mantharakuppam Police Station, Cuddalore District" } ], "officer_count": 9, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Neyveli man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/86748406/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/65faf3f37cf14c75c6169206" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Neyveli man was arrested on 28 October 2020 by Neyveli police in a chain-snatching case, kept in illegal custody and beaten/tortured until production before the Magistrate on 30 October 2020, remanded, and died in hospital on 4 November 2020 while in judicial custody. The SHRC (10 August 2022) held illegal custody and torture proved and awarded Rs.5 lakh to his wife with recovery from nine police personnel plus disciplinary and prosecution recommendations. The Division Bench confirmed the compensation, the recovery (Rs.3 lakh from the Inspector, Rs.25,000 each from the other eight) and the disciplinary-action direction, holding the arrest-to-production gap a clear case of illegal confinement violating Article 22(2). It set aside only the criminal-prosecution direction, accepting on post-mortem and investigation-wing evidence that the death stemmed from epilepsy and coronary disease and ordered disbursal within three weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Neyveli man was arrested on 28 October 2020 by Neyveli police in a chain-snatching case, kept in illegal custody and beaten/tortured until production before the Magistrate on 30 October 2020, remanded, and died in hospital on 4 November 2020 while in judicial custody. The SHRC (10 August 2022) held illegal custody and torture proved and awarded Rs.5 lakh to his wife with recovery from nine police personnel plus disciplinary and prosecution recommendations. The Division Bench confirmed the compensation, the recovery (Rs.3 lakh from the Inspector, Rs.25,000 each from the other eight) and the disciplinary-action direction, holding the arrest-to-production gap a clear case of illegal confinement violating Article 22(2). It set aside only the criminal-prosecution direction, accepting on post-mortem and investigation-wing evidence that the death stemmed from epilepsy and coronary disease and ordered disbursal within three weeks.", "court_quote": "Clause 21(1) and Clause 21(2) of the impugned order of SHRC, regarding payment of compensation, consequential recovery from 1st to 9th respondents and the direction to initiate the disciplinary action are confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "26(i)", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SHRC illegal-custody/torture finding upheld; Rs.5L + recovery + dept action confirmed, prosecution set aside.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-03-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. Nos. 10049 and 21737 of 2023, W.P. No. 32935 of 2022", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [], "followup_status": "never_checked", "last_checked": null, "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/86748406/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/65faf3f37cf14c75c6169206", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-125" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-90-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0463", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "S. Thirumalai Muthusamy v. State; B. Ravichandran & Anr. v. State", "display_title_redacted": "S. Thirumalai Muthusamy v. State; B. Ravichandran & Anr. v. State", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Dindigul", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vadamadurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Vadamadurai PS", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "S. Thirumalai Muthusamy v. State; B. Ravichandran & Anr. v. State", "case_number": "Crl.A.(MD) Nos. 222 and 223 of 2021", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.K. Ramakrishnan" ], "judgment_date": "2024-03-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2010-04-04", "incident_year": 2010, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304 Part II/34", "IPC 166" ], "officers": [ { "name": "S. Thirumalai Muthusamy", "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Vadamadurai PS, Dindigul", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "S. Thirumalai Muthusamy", "display": "S. Thirumalai Muthusamy" }, { "name": "B. Ravichandran", "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Vadamadurai PS, Dindigul", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "B. Ravichandran", "display": "B. Ravichandran" }, { "name": "K. Ponram", "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Vadamadurai PS, Dindigul", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.91, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "K. Ponram", "display": "K. Ponram" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Vadamadurai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 10, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/144552315/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Remove victim name 'soldier a Vadamadurai man' — judgment names no such victim; 'a Vadamadurai man' appears only as 'Mr.a Vadamadurai man, learned Additional Public Prosecutor' (paras 5/head). Deceased is consistently 'the deceased military personnel' (paras 2, 7). Reword to 'a soldier' / 'the deceased military personnel'. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Remove victim name 'soldier a Vadamadurai man' — judgment names no such victim; 'a Vadamadurai man' appears only as 'Mr.a Vadamadurai man, learned Additional Public Prosecutor' (paras 5/head). Deceased is consistently 'the deceased military personnel' (paras 2, 7). Reword to 'a soldier' / 'the deceased military personnel'.", "court_quote": "Due to the egocentric attitude of the police officials, the deceased was brutally attacked by them and ultimately he died.", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed appeals; 10-yr terms for 3 Vadamadurai policemen confirmed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Madras High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) Nos. 222 and 223 of 2021", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2024-03-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) Nos. 222 and 223 of 2021", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/144552315/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-42" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-039", "officers_named_public": 3, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0372", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The State represented by The Public Prosecutor, High Court, Madras vs R. Ravichandran", "display_title_redacted": "The State represented by The Public Prosecutor, High Court, Madras vs R. Ravichandran", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Pudukkottai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Viralimalai", "police_station_or_unit": "Viralimalai Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "The State represented by The Public Prosecutor, High Court, Madras vs R. Ravichandran", "case_number": "Crl.A.(MD) No. 174 of 2017", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.K. Ramakrishnan, J." ], "judgment_date": "2024-04-25", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2012-11-29", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d)", "PC Act 1988 s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "R. Ravichandran", "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Viralimalai Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "R. Ravichandran", "display": "R. Ravichandran (Special Sub-Inspector of Police)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Viralimalai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1.0, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/125703209/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court allowed an appeal against acquittal filed by the State, setting aside the trial court's order and convicting Special Sub-Inspector of Police R. Ravichandran under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The officer had demanded and accepted an illegal gratification of Rs 10,000 as monthly mamool from a lorry operator whose vehicles were repeatedly intercepted and targeted by Viralimalai police. Justice K.K. Ramakrishnan held that the trial court erred in disbelieving the trap evidence and the testimony of the shadow witness and complainant. The High Court reversed the acquittal, found the officer guilty, and sentenced him to one year of rigorous imprisonment alongside a fine of Rs 5,000 on each count, ordered to run concurrently. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court allowed an appeal against acquittal filed by the State, setting aside the trial court's order and convicting Special Sub-Inspector of Police R. Ravichandran under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The officer had demanded and accepted an illegal gratification of Rs 10,000 as monthly mamool from a lorry operator whose vehicles were repeatedly intercepted and targeted by Viralimalai police. Justice K.K. Ramakrishnan held that the trial court erred in disbelieving the trap evidence and the testimony of the shadow witness and complainant. The High Court reversed the acquittal, found the officer guilty, and sentenced him to one year of rigorous imprisonment alongside a fine of Rs 5,000 on each count, ordered to run concurrently.", "court_quote": "Accordingly, this Criminal Appeal stands allowed by setting aside the judgment passed by the learned Special Judge and Chief Judicial Magistrate, Pudukkottai in Spl.C.C.No.4 of 2013 dated 13.04.2016 and convicting the accused for the offence under section 7, 13(1)(d) r/w 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.", "court_quote_para": "55", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court allowed State appeal against acquittal, convicting Special Sub-Inspector under PC Act for demanding and accepting Rs 10,000 bribe.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-04-25", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) No. 174 of 2017", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/125703209/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-008", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1305", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] Madurai Woman & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] Madurai Woman & Ors.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Thilagar Thidal Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "[name withheld] Madurai Woman & Ors.", "case_number": "W.A. (MD) Nos. 1155 of 2020, 1200 and 1216 of 2019", "citation": null, "judges": [ "G. R. Swaminathan", "M. Jothiraman" ], "judgment_date": "2025-02-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2019-01-14", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 46(4)", "IPC 448", "IPC 294(b)", "IPC 323", "IPC 506(i)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thilagar Thidal Police Station, Madurai City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Thilagar Thidal Police Station, Madurai City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Thilagar Thidal Police Station, Madurai City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Thilagar Thidal Police Station, Madurai City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Woman Head Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "C4 Thilagar Thidal Police Station, Madurai City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Woman Head Constable, C4 Thilagar Thidal Police Station, Madurai City" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Madurai woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/67a61de3a1572e13dd1c6c42", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/deepa-v-svijayalakshmiwatermark-1688279.pdf" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Madurai woman was arrested at about 8 p.m. on 14 January 2019, forcibly taken to the police station where she was abused, beaten and cut, then hospitalised and remanded the next day. A single judge held the after-sunset arrest of a woman illegal for breach of section 46(4) CrPC, directed departmental action and Rs.50,000 costs recoverable from the officers' salaries. On 7 February 2025 the Division Bench allowed the appeals of Inspector and Woman Head Constable for want of definite material against them. It dismissed Sub-Inspector's appeal, holding she had not made fair disclosure since her counter contradicted her own remand report, so the costs and departmental-action directions stand as against her.", "summary_verified": "A Madurai woman was arrested at about 8 p.m. on 14 January 2019, forcibly taken to the police station where she was abused, beaten and cut, then hospitalised and remanded the next day. A single judge held the after-sunset arrest of a woman illegal for breach of section 46(4) CrPC, directed departmental action and Rs.50,000 costs recoverable from the officers' salaries. On 7 February 2025 the Division Bench allowed the appeals of Inspector and Woman Head Constable for want of definite material against them. It dismissed Sub-Inspector's appeal, holding she had not made fair disclosure since her counter contradicted her own remand report, so the costs and departmental-action directions stand as against her.", "court_quote": "For this reason, we decline relief to her. W.A(MD)No.1155 of 2020 stands dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SI 's appeal dismissed; Rs.50,000 costs + dept action stand; 2 co-officers exonerated.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-02-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 50,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.A. (MD) Nos. 1155 of 2020, 1200 and 1216 of 2019", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/67a61de3a1572e13dd1c6c42", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/deepa-v-svijayalakshmiwatermark-1688279.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-125" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-90-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0355", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1422", "CWC-1479" ], "display_title": "Vriddhachalam Police Inspector vs The State by DSP", "display_title_redacted": "Vriddhachalam Police Inspector vs The State by DSP", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Cuddalore", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vriddhachalam", "police_station_or_unit": "Vriddhachalam Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Vriddhachalam Police Inspector vs The State by DSP", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal arising out of SLP (Crl.) No. 1522 of 2023 and connected appeals", "citation": "2025 INSC 576", "judges": [ "Prashant Kumar Mishra", "Sudhanshu Dhulia" ], "judgment_date": "2025-04-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2003-07-08", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 217", "IPC 218", "SC/ST Act 1989 s.3(2)(i)", "SC/ST Act 1989 s.4" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "unit": "Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Virudhachalam Police Station, Cuddalore" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Vriddhachalam man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Vriddhachalam woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/146992794/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29817701/", "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/tn-honour-killing-case-supreme-court-upholds-life-sentence-of-police-inspector-for-fabricating-evidence-against-dalits-290616", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-11-including-2-police-officers-for-honor-killing-tn-couple", "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/k-p-tamilmaran-v-the-statewatermark-1707749.pdf", "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-upholds-convictions-in-kannagi-murugesan-honour-killing-case-of-tamil-nadu-290528", "https://api.sci.gov.in/supremecourt/2022/41411/41411_2022_12_1501_61313_Judgement_28-Apr-2025.pdf" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeals in the 2003 a Vriddhachalam woman-a Vriddhachalam man honour killing at Vriddhachalam, Cuddalore district, upholding the convictions of Sub-Inspector and Inspector, who knew of the double murder from 8 July 2003 but refused to register an FIR and, nine days later under pressure, manufactured extra-judicial confessions and chargesheeted four innocent Dalit family members of the victim alongside the real culprits to shield the dominant-caste accused. Calling Inspector the main architect of the false FIR and dishonest investigation, the Court upheld his life sentence under Sections 217-218 IPC and Sections 4 and 3(2)(i) of the SC/ST Act, and upheld [name withheld] conviction as modified by the High Court to two years rigorous imprisonment under Section 217 IPC and Section 4 of the SC/ST Act. Terming honour killing the ugly reality of the entrenched caste structure, the Court awarded Rs 5 lakh victim compensation to the father and step-mother of a Vriddhachalam man, payable by the State of Tamil Nadu. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeals in the 2003 a Vriddhachalam woman-a Vriddhachalam man honour killing at Vriddhachalam, Cuddalore district, upholding the convictions of Sub-Inspector and Inspector, who knew of the double murder from 8 July 2003 but refused to register an FIR and, nine days later under pressure, manufactured extra-judicial confessions and chargesheeted four innocent Dalit family members of the victim alongside the real culprits to shield the dominant-caste accused. Calling Inspector the main architect of the false FIR and dishonest investigation, the Court upheld his life sentence under Sections 217-218 IPC and Sections 4 and 3(2)(i) of the SC/ST Act, and upheld [name withheld] conviction as modified by the High Court to two years rigorous imprisonment under Section 217 IPC and Section 4 of the SC/ST Act. Terming honour killing the ugly reality of the entrenched caste structure, the Court awarded Rs 5 lakh victim compensation to the father and step-mother of a Vriddhachalam man, payable by the State of Tamil Nadu.", "court_quote": "Evidence, as discussed earlier, makes it clear that [name withheld] manufactured the extra-judicial confessions and evidence and thereafter, filed the chargesheet against Dalits on the basis of that evidence.", "court_quote_para": "74(b)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Supreme Court dismissed appeals and upheld life sentence of Inspector and 2-year sentence of SI for burying the a Vriddhachalam woman-a Vriddhachalam man honour killing and framing innocent Dalits, with Rs 5 lakh victim compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2025 INSC 576", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2025-04-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2025 INSC 576", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/146992794/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29817701/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/tn-honour-killing-case-supreme-court-upholds-life-sentence-of-police-inspector-for-fabricating-evidence-against-dalits-290616", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/supreme-court-upholds-conviction-11-including-2-police-officers-for-honor-killing-tn-couple", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/k-p-tamilmaran-v-the-statewatermark-1707749.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-upholds-convictions-in-kannagi-murugesan-honour-killing-case-of-tamil-nadu-290528", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://api.sci.gov.in/supremecourt/2022/41411/41411_2022_12_1501_61313_Judgement_28-Apr-2025.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-11", "chunk-32", "chunk-45", "chunk-r07" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0037", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1301", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Thiruppuvanam Man v. The Home Secretary and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Thiruppuvanam Man v. The Home Secretary and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Sivagangai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Thiruppuvanam", "police_station_or_unit": "Thiruppuvanam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Thiruppuvanam Man v. The Home Secretary and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) Nos.22169 and 22170 of 2021", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.K. Ramakrishnan" ], "judgment_date": "2025-05-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2010-07-26", "incident_year": 2010, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 294(b)", "IPC 420", "IPC 506(ii)", "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thiruppuvanam Police Station, Sivagangai District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Thiruppuvanam Police Station, Sivagangai District" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thiruppuvanam Police Station, Sivagangai District", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Thiruppuvanam Police Station, Sivagangai District" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Thiruppuvanam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/16672997/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Thiruppuvanam man was picked up after midnight on 26.07.2010 by SI and HC of Thiruppuvanam Police Station, brutally beaten in custody, released the same night, and admitted to Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai with internal injuries. The officers then foisted a sand-theft case (Crime No.283/2010) on him, which ended in acquittal in C.C. No.240/2019; a DSP enquiry and departmental proceedings recorded custodial torture against the two officers, though the punishment was later recalled without stated reason. On 15.05.2025 the Madurai Bench held the departmental enquiry finding still holds good, ordered the two officers to personally pay Rs.5 lakh compensation (Rs.2.5 lakh each) within two weeks, and directed the DGP to decide afresh through an IG-rank officer whether the punishment is sustainable, listing compliance on 02.12.2025. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Thiruppuvanam man was picked up after midnight on 26.07.2010 by SI and HC of Thiruppuvanam Police Station, brutally beaten in custody, released the same night, and admitted to Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai with internal injuries. The officers then foisted a sand-theft case (Crime No.283/2010) on him, which ended in acquittal in C.C. No.240/2019; a DSP enquiry and departmental proceedings recorded custodial torture against the two officers, though the punishment was later recalled without stated reason. On 15.05.2025 the Madurai Bench held the departmental enquiry finding still holds good, ordered the two officers to personally pay Rs.5 lakh compensation (Rs.2.5 lakh each) within two weeks, and directed the DGP to decide afresh through an IG-rank officer whether the punishment is sustainable, listing compliance on 02.12.2025.", "court_quote": "The petitioner is entitled to receive compensation of Rs.5 Lakhs from the 5th and 6th respondents.", "court_quote_para": "9.1", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held departmental torture finding still good; two Thiruppuvanam officers to personally pay Rs.5 lakh; DGP to revisit punishment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-05-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) Nos.22169 and 22170 of 2021", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/16672997/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-90-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0040", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1302", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man v. The State Human Rights Commission and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man v. The State Human Rights Commission and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chennai", "police_station_or_unit": "F2 Egmore Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man v. The State Human Rights Commission and Others", "case_number": "W.P. No.4456 of 2020", "citation": null, "judges": [ "M. Sundar", "Hemant Chandangoudar" ], "judgment_date": "2025-06-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2016-03-11", "incident_year": 2016, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 174", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Home Guard", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Office of the Commissioner of Police, Vepery, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Home Guard, Office of the Commissioner of Police, Vepery, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Office of the Commissioner of Police, Vepery, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Office of the Commissioner of Police, Vepery, Chennai" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53572420/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Chennai man was picked up for interrogation around 11 p.m. on 11.03.2016 and subjected to custodial violence; he died on 12.06.2016, with the question whether the violence was the proximate cause of death left open. The Tamil Nadu SHRC took suo-motu cognizance on 13.03.2016, held custodial violence established on evidence, and awarded Rs.2 lakh on 12.12.2019, which the State never challenged. His mother [name withheld] sought enhancement before the Madras High Court. On 06.06.2025 a Division Bench recorded proved custodial violence and, by consent, raised total compensation to Rs.5 lakh (Rs.3 lakh additional from the Home Department), leaving FIR No.1130/2016 under section 174 CrPC and recovery from erring officials to proceed independently. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Chennai man was picked up for interrogation around 11 p.m. on 11.03.2016 and subjected to custodial violence; he died on 12.06.2016, with the question whether the violence was the proximate cause of death left open. The Tamil Nadu SHRC took suo-motu cognizance on 13.03.2016, held custodial violence established on evidence, and awarded Rs.2 lakh on 12.12.2019, which the State never challenged. His mother [name withheld] sought enhancement before the Madras High Court. On 06.06.2025 a Division Bench recorded proved custodial violence and, by consent, raised total compensation to Rs.5 lakh (Rs.3 lakh additional from the Home Department), leaving FIR No.1130/2016 under section 174 CrPC and recovery from erring officials to proceed independently.", "court_quote": "Therefore, we refrain from dilating on facts and we deem it appropriate to write that it will suffice to say that this is a case of established / proved custodial violence.", "court_quote_para": "4", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench recorded proved custodial violence; enhanced total compensation to Rs.5 lakh on consent; s.174 CrPC probe left open.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-06-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.4456 of 2020", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53572420/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-124" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-90-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0779", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0360", "CWC-0570", "CWC-1472" ], "display_title": "Puzhal Man and [name withheld] vs TN State Human Rights Commission", "display_title_redacted": "Puzhal Man and [name withheld] vs TN State Human Rights Commission", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Puzhal", "police_station_or_unit": "M3 Puzhal Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Puzhal Man and [name withheld] vs TN State Human Rights Commission", "case_number": "W.P. Nos. 4569/2023 & 17866/2024", "citation": "2025 SCC OnLine Mad 3002", "judges": [ "J. Nisha Banu", "M. Jothiraman" ], "judgment_date": "2025-06-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2013-12-20", "incident_year": 2013, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "M3 Puzhal Police Station, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, M3 Puzhal Police Station, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "M3 Puzhal Police Station, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, M3 Puzhal Police Station, Chennai" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Puzhal man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/babu-rajendra-bose-v-tnshrc-606445.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-brutality-compensation-human-dignity-295731", "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-upholds-shrc-order-to-recover-rs-1-lakh-from-cops-for-custodial-torture-1499924", "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2025/06/27/mad-hc-compensation-for-custodial-torture-victim/", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/madras-high-court/d-babu-rajendra-bose-v-the-tamil-nadu-state-human-rights-commissioner-human-rights-police-torture-1582509", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/198144494/" ], "summary": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the certiorari writ petitions of Inspector and Sub-Inspector of M3 Puzhal Police Station, upholding the Tamil Nadu SHRC order dated 13 November 2018 in SHRC No. 9744 of 2013 and the consequential GO(D) No. 987 of 2022. The SHRC had found that the officers, after falsely implicating complainant [name withheld] in Crime No. 2046 of 2013, picked him up around 3 AM on 20 December 2013, kept him in the lock-up till 22 December, stripped and beat him, coerced gold jewellery worth lakhs, and assaulted him again near the Kathirvedu bridge while taking him to jail. The Court held the SHRC recommendation binding and enforceable under Section 18 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, sustained the Rs 1 lakh compensation to the complainant with recovery from the two officers, and held police officials must respect human dignity and human-rights standing orders. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench of the Madras High Court dismissed the certiorari writ petitions of Inspector and Sub-Inspector of M3 Puzhal Police Station, upholding the Tamil Nadu SHRC order dated 13 November 2018 in SHRC No. 9744 of 2013 and the consequential GO(D) No. 987 of 2022. The SHRC had found that the officers, after falsely implicating complainant [name withheld] in Crime No. 2046 of 2013, picked him up around 3 AM on 20 December 2013, kept him in the lock-up till 22 December, stripped and beat him, coerced gold jewellery worth lakhs, and assaulted him again near the Kathirvedu bridge while taking him to jail. The Court held the SHRC recommendation binding and enforceable under Section 18 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, sustained the Rs 1 lakh compensation to the complainant with recovery from the two officers, and held police officials must respect human dignity and human-rights standing orders.", "court_quote": "The State Human Rights Commission after conducting enquiry comes to a conclusion that it is seen from the oral and documentary evidence of the parties, complainant/4th respondent/Mr.a Puzhal man was tortured and arrested by the police. Though there is no serious injury to Mr.a Puzhal man, the torture made out him is a mental torture and the same also amounts to violation of Human Rights.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madras High Court Division Bench dismissed officers writs and upheld SHRC Rs 1 lakh compensation to a Puzhal man for custodial torture at M3 Puzhal PS, recoverable from Inspector and SI.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-06-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2025 SCC OnLine Mad 3002", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/babu-rajendra-bose-v-tnshrc-606445.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-brutality-compensation-human-dignity-295731", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-upholds-shrc-order-to-recover-rs-1-lakh-from-cops-for-custodial-torture-1499924", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2025/06/27/mad-hc-compensation-for-custodial-torture-victim/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/madras-high-court/d-babu-rajendra-bose-v-the-tamil-nadu-state-human-rights-commissioner-human-rights-police-torture-1582509", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/198144494/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-11", "chunk-16", "chunk-33", "chunk-44", "chunk-r08", "chunk-r09" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0042", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1303", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Government of Tamil Nadu v. P. Amaravathi", "display_title_redacted": "Government of Tamil Nadu v. P. Amaravathi", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tiruchirappalli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Tiruchirappalli", "police_station_or_unit": "Uraiyur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Government of Tamil Nadu v. P. Amaravathi", "case_number": "W.A. No. 2874 of 2023", "citation": "2025:MHC:1533", "judges": [ "Anita Sumanth", "N. Senthilkumar" ], "judgment_date": "2025-06-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "1995-04-05", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 174", "CrPC 200" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Uraiyur Police Station, Tiruchirappalli", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Uraiyur Police Station, Tiruchirappalli" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Police team, Uraiyur Police Station matter", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Police team, Uraiyur Police Station matter" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Tiruchirappalli man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1050000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/73412366/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. A Tiruchirappalli man was picked up from his residence for interrogation around 5 a.m. on 5 April 1995 by Inspector, [name withheld] and other police officials, and died the same day; the post-mortem found death by shock and haemorrhage from multiple contusions. A single judge allowed his widow's writ petition in 2017 and awarded Rs.10.5 lakh compensation against the State. On 26 June 2025 a Division Bench dismissed the State's appeal, holding that the injuries could only have been inflicted by the police in whose custody a Tiruchirappalli man was, that the benefit-of-doubt acquittal of A2 (the product of a half-baked investigation confined to two officers) was no bar to compensation, and that the victim-compensation scheme cap did not apply. The court confirmed the compensation and ordered disbursal of the amount lying in court deposit with accrued interest. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Tiruchirappalli man was picked up from his residence for interrogation around 5 a.m. on 5 April 1995 by Inspector, [name withheld] and other police officials, and died the same day; the post-mortem found death by shock and haemorrhage from multiple contusions. A single judge allowed his widow's writ petition in 2017 and awarded Rs.10.5 lakh compensation against the State. On 26 June 2025 a Division Bench dismissed the State's appeal, holding that the injuries could only have been inflicted by the police in whose custody a Tiruchirappalli man was, that the benefit-of-doubt acquittal of A2 (the product of a half-baked investigation confined to two officers) was no bar to compensation, and that the victim-compensation scheme cap did not apply. The court confirmed the compensation and ordered disbursal of the amount lying in court deposit with accrued interest.", "court_quote": "This fact is admitted and in light of the same, particularly on account of the fact that he was in the custody of the police during the period when the contusions had occurred leading to hemorrhage and subsequent death, there is no doubt in our mind that the police officials were responsible for the injuries/contusions leading to the demise of a Tiruchirappalli man", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "DB dismissed State appeal; custodial-torture death finding and Rs.10.5L compensation confirmed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-06-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,050,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2025:MHC:1533", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/73412366/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-125" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-90-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0055", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1329", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man v. State (NDPS Case - Fabricated Evidence)", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man v. State (NDPS Case - Fabricated Evidence)", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "V4 Rajamangalam Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court (Principal Seat)", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court (Principal Seat)", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man v. State (NDPS Case - Fabricated Evidence)", "case_number": "Crl.A. No. 1202 of 2025", "citation": "2025 LiveLaw (Mad) (unreported)", "judges": [ "G.K. Ilanthiraiyan" ], "judgment_date": "2025-08-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2021-12-06", "incident_year": 2021, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Section 8(c) r/w 20(b)(ii)(C), NDPS Act", "Section 50, NDPS Act" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "V4 Rajamangalam Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, V4 Rajamangalam Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "V4 Rajamangalam Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, V4 Rajamangalam Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/13125224/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court acquitted [name withheld] in an NDPS case where he was convicted for possession of 20.3 kg of ganja. The Single Judge found that the police had fabricated the case: the seizure mahazar, arrest report, and arrest intimation all contained the crime number (Crime No. 931 of 2021) before the FIR was even registered. The court noted the prosecution failed to examine any independent witness from the public despite the alleged seizure occurring in a marketplace. The informant and investigating officer were the same person (PW1), and all documents were typed, indicating they were prepared in the police station rather than at the scene. The court applied the Supreme Court's ruling in Kaaljit Singh v. State of Punjab that such discrepancies create serious doubts fatal to the prosecution case.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court acquitted [name withheld] in an NDPS case where he was convicted for possession of 20.3 kg of ganja. The Single Judge found that the police had fabricated the case: the seizure mahazar, arrest report, and arrest intimation all contained the crime number (Crime No. 931 of 2021) before the FIR was even registered. The court noted the prosecution failed to examine any independent witness from the public despite the alleged seizure occurring in a marketplace. The informant and investigating officer were the same person (PW1), and all documents were typed, indicating they were prepared in the police station rather than at the scene. The court applied the Supreme Court's ruling in Kaaljit Singh v. State of Punjab that such discrepancies create serious doubts fatal to the prosecution case.", "court_quote": "Therefore, the entire case of the prosecution is not legitimate and creates doubt over the case of the prosecution... the entire case of the prosecution is foisted one and the prosecution failed to prove the charge in the manner known to law.", "court_quote_para": "para 6-7", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "sections wrongly include 'Section 21, Indian Evidence Act' - the judgment never mentions any Evidence Act section (it cites NDPS ss. 8(c), 20(b)(ii)(C) & 22(C), s.50 NDPS, s.415 BNSS, and Art. 21 Constitution); remove.; Minor imprecision: summary says seizure occurred 'in a marketplace'; the judgment says the arrest took place at the market near Villivakkam railway station - essentially accurate, not a blocker.; Everything else verified: Crl.A. No. 1202 of 2025, G.K. Ilanthiraiyan, decided 12.08.2025; 20.3 kg ganja, Crime No. 931 of 2021, V4 Rajamangalam PS Chennai, incident 06.12.2021; trial court 10-year RI + Rs 1 lakh fine conviction set aside; acquittal; quote verbatim (paras 6 and 6.1); fabrication found (crime number in seizure mahazar/arrest memo before FIR registration, informant = IO, no independent witness).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-08-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court (Principal Seat)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court (Principal Seat) recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "2025 LiveLaw (Mad) (unreported)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/13125224/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-tn-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-tn-hc-5", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0056", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1330", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chennai Man v. State (NDPS Case - Fabricated Documents)", "display_title_redacted": "Chennai Man v. State (NDPS Case - Fabricated Documents)", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chennai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "NIB-CID, Chennai", "court": "Madras High Court (Principal Seat)", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court (Principal Seat)", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chennai Man v. State (NDPS Case - Fabricated Documents)", "case_number": "Crl.A. Nos. 41, 83 & 212 of 2023", "citation": "2025 LiveLaw (Mad) (unreported)", "judges": [ "G.K. Ilanthiraiyan" ], "judgment_date": "2025-08-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2019-12-21", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Section 8(c) r/w 20(b)(ii)(C), NDPS Act", "Section 50, NDPS Act" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "NIB-CID, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, NIB-CID, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "NIB-CID, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, NIB-CID, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "NIB-CID, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, NIB-CID, Chennai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "NIB-CID, Chennai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, NIB-CID, Chennai" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" }, { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" }, { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" }, { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chennai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 4, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/163929601/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Madras High Court acquitted four accused in an NDPS case involving alleged possession of 54 kg of ganja at Egmore Railway Station. The Single Judge found multiple fabrications by the NIB-CID police: (1) all documents (secret information, search notice, seizure mahazar, arrest report, inspection memo) were typed, indicating preparation in the police station rather than at the scene; (2) joint search notice and joint consent were obtained from all four accused, violating Section 50(1) NDPS Act which requires individual communication of the right to be searched before a gazetted officer or magistrate; (3) the prosecution failed to produce the general diary or permission from a superior officer despite PW1's deposition; (4) there was an unexplained 9-day delay in producing the contraband before the trial court. The court held these discrepancies created suspicion that a false case was registered.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court acquitted four accused in an NDPS case involving alleged possession of 54 kg of ganja at Egmore Railway Station. The Single Judge found multiple fabrications by the NIB-CID police: (1) all documents (secret information, search notice, seizure mahazar, arrest report, inspection memo) were typed, indicating preparation in the police station rather than at the scene; (2) joint search notice and joint consent were obtained from all four accused, violating Section 50(1) NDPS Act which requires individual communication of the right to be searched before a gazetted officer or magistrate; (3) the prosecution failed to produce the general diary or permission from a superior officer despite PW1's deposition; (4) there was an unexplained 9-day delay in producing the contraband before the trial court. The court held these discrepancies created suspicion that a false case was registered.", "court_quote": "All the documents such as secret information, search information, seizure mahazar, arrest report, inspection memo, etc. were in typed versions. There is no evidence to show that PW1 and his team went to the scene of crime with all equipments such as computer, printer, etc. Therefore, all the documents were already prepared in the police station and a false case was registered against the appellants.", "court_quote_para": "para 7-8", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "sections wrongly include 'Section 52A, NDPS Act' - the judgment does not mention s.52A (it discusses NDPS ss. 8(c), 20(b)(ii)(B)/(C), 50/50(1), and s.374(2) CrPC); remove.; Minor: paragraph 2 of the judgment gives the incident date as 21.01.2019 while paragraphs 4, 7 and 12 say 21.12.2019; the register's 2019-12-21 matches the latter and the actual seizure/production dates.; Everything else verified: Crl.A. Nos. 41, 83 & 212 of 2023, G.K. Ilanthiraiyan, decided 21.08.2025; 54 kg ganja at Egmore Railway Station, NIB-CID Chennai (Crime No. 116 of 2019); four accused ([name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld]) acquitted and trial convictions (CC.No.81 of 2020) set aside; quote verbatim (para 8); joint search notice/joint consent violation of s.50(1); all documents typed/prepared in station; unexplained 9-day delay in producing contraband.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-08-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court (Principal Seat)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court (Principal Seat) recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "2025 LiveLaw (Mad) (unreported)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/163929601/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-tn-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-tn-hc-6", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0025", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0821", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0375" ], "display_title": "Madurai Man vs State rep. by Inspector of Police, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "display_title_redacted": "Madurai Man vs State rep. by Inspector of Police, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Thideer Nagar Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Madurai Man vs State rep. by Inspector of Police, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "case_number": "Crl.A.(MD) No. 351 of 2023", "citation": "2025 LiveLaw (Mad) 377", "judges": [ "K.K. Ramakrishnan, J." ], "judgment_date": "2025-10-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2021-06-26", "incident_year": 2021, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "NDPS Act 1985 s.42" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "C1 Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, C1 Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Madurai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/a-vignesh-v-state-627825.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-officers-compensation-10-lakh-conviction-ndps-act-307977", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/madras-high-court/madurai-a-vignesh-v-the-state-rupees-ten-lakh-compensation-ndps-case-1595988", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/madras-high-court-slaps-10-lakh-fine-on-3-cops-for-false-evidence-in-ndps-case", "https://s3hvtw.courtbook.in/2025/10/Vignesh_Vs_State.pdf", "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-slams-police-for-fake-ganja-case-orders-rs-10-lakh-compensation-to-acquitted-accused-1536349" ], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court acquitted a Madurai man (A4), who had been sentenced to 10 years rigorous imprisonment plus Rs 1 lakh fine by the I Additional Special Court for NDPS Act Cases, Madurai on 15.03.2023 for alleged possession of 24 kg ganja seized on 26.06.2021. The Court found that P.W.2, P.W.3 and P.W.4 conspired to secure the conviction by giving false evidence, noting the Section 42 information memo was a typed copy though P.W.2 claimed handwriting, the mahazar bore no signature of the appellant, and P.W.4 falsely claimed to have signed the memo. It set aside the conviction, ordered the fine refunded, directed the three officers to jointly pay Rs 10 lakh compensation within one month, and directed the Director General of Police to complete an independent conduct enquiry within one month. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court acquitted a Madurai man (A4), who had been sentenced to 10 years rigorous imprisonment plus Rs 1 lakh fine by the I Additional Special Court for NDPS Act Cases, Madurai on 15.03.2023 for alleged possession of 24 kg ganja seized on 26.06.2021. The Court found that P.W.2, P.W.3 and P.W.4 conspired to secure the conviction by giving false evidence, noting the Section 42 information memo was a typed copy though P.W.2 claimed handwriting, the mahazar bore no signature of the appellant, and P.W.4 falsely claimed to have signed the memo. It set aside the conviction, ordered the fine refunded, directed the three officers to jointly pay Rs 10 lakh compensation within one month, and directed the Director General of Police to complete an independent conduct enquiry within one month.", "court_quote": "From the above circumstances, this Court holds that the prosecution not only failed to prove the compliance of Section 42 but has also maneuvered to get conviction by leading false evidence. Therefore this Court is inclined to accept the argument of the learned counsel for the appellant that false case was registered against the appellant.", "court_quote_para": "18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Madurai Bench acquitted NDPS accused, found three Thideer Nagar officers gave false evidence, ordered them to jointly pay Rs 10 lakh compensation plus DGP enquiry.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-10-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2025 LiveLaw (Mad) 377", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/a-vignesh-v-state-627825.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-officers-compensation-10-lakh-conviction-ndps-act-307977", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/madras-high-court/madurai-a-vignesh-v-the-state-rupees-ten-lakh-compensation-ndps-case-1595988", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/madras-high-court-slaps-10-lakh-fine-on-3-cops-for-false-evidence-in-ndps-case", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://s3hvtw.courtbook.in/2025/10/Vignesh_Vs_State.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/madras-high-court-slams-police-for-fake-ganja-case-orders-rs-10-lakh-compensation-to-acquitted-accused-1536349", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12", "chunk-33", "chunk-r08" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-011", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0048", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0857", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Madurai Man v. The State represented by the Inspector of Police, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "display_title_redacted": "Madurai Man v. The State represented by the Inspector of Police, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Madurai", "police_station_or_unit": "Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Madurai Man v. The State represented by the Inspector of Police, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai", "case_number": "Crl.A.(MD) No. 351 of 2023 (against Spl.C.C. No. 329 of 2021, I Additional Special Court for NDPS Act Cases, Madurai)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K. K. Ramakrishnan" ], "judgment_date": "2025-10-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2021-06-26", "incident_year": 2021, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai (P.W.2)", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai (P.W.2)" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai (P.W.3, investigating officer)", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai (P.W.3, investigating officer)" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai (P.W.4, superior officer)", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Thideer Nagar Police Station, Madurai (P.W.4, superior officer)" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Madurai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/avignesh-v-the-statewatermark-1751653.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://lawstreet.co/judiciary/madras-hc-orders-three-police-offciers-to-pay-10-lakh-for-fabricating-evidence-in-ndps-case", "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-officers-compensation-10-lakh-conviction-ndps-act-307977", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/madras-high-court-slaps-10-lakh-fine-on-3-cops-for-false-evidence-in-ndps-case" ], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court allowed a Madurai man criminal appeal, setting aside his 10-year NDPS conviction and sentence for alleged possession of 24 kg ganja at Melavasal on 26 June 2021. The Court found P.W.2, P.W.3 and P.W.4 of Thideer Nagar police station conspired to secure conviction by hook or crook through false evidence, including a fabricated Section 42 NDPS compliance document. Calling it an unholy alliance to secure conviction on false evidence, the Court acquitted a Madurai man, directed the three officers to jointly pay Rs 10 lakh compensation within one month, and directed the DGP, Chennai, to hold an inquiry into their conduct. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court allowed a Madurai man criminal appeal, setting aside his 10-year NDPS conviction and sentence for alleged possession of 24 kg ganja at Melavasal on 26 June 2021. The Court found P.W.2, P.W.3 and P.W.4 of Thideer Nagar police station conspired to secure conviction by hook or crook through false evidence, including a fabricated Section 42 NDPS compliance document. Calling it an unholy alliance to secure conviction on false evidence, the Court acquitted a Madurai man, directed the three officers to jointly pay Rs 10 lakh compensation within one month, and directed the DGP, Chennai, to hold an inquiry into their conduct.", "court_quote": "Therefore, this Court sees a unholy alliance between the witnesses to secure conviction based on false evidence.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "NDPS conviction set aside; 3 unnamed officers to jointly pay Rs 10L for false evidence; DGP inquiry ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-10-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Crl.A.(MD) No. 351 of 2023 (against Spl.C.C. No. 329 of 2021, I Additional Special Court for NDPS Act Cases, Madurai)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [], "followup_status": "never_checked", "last_checked": null, "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/avignesh-v-the-statewatermark-1751653.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawstreet.co/judiciary/madras-hc-orders-three-police-offciers-to-pay-10-lakh-for-fabricating-evidence-in-ndps-case", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-officers-compensation-10-lakh-conviction-ndps-act-307977", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/madras-high-court-slaps-10-lakh-fine-on-3-cops-for-false-evidence-in-ndps-case", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "SWDERELI-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0062", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1325", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Tamil Nadu v. [name withheld] (Custodial Death of a Minor)", "display_title_redacted": "State of Tamil Nadu v. [name withheld] (Custodial Death of a Minor)", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Madurai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "court": "Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Tamil Nadu v. [name withheld] (Custodial Death of a Minor)", "case_number": "W.A.(MD) No. 823 of 2024", "citation": "2026 LiveLaw (Mad) (unreported)", "judges": [ "G. Jayachandran", "K.K. Ramakrishnan" ], "judgment_date": "2026-01-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2019-01-01", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Article 21, Constitution of India", "Section 357A, CrPC" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, S.S. Colony Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector, S.S. Colony Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, S.S. Colony Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Grade I Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "S.S. Colony Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Grade I Constable, S.S. Colony Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Madurai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 2300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165886415/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/49692536/" ], "summary": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court modified the compensation awarded by a Single Judge for the custodial death of a 17-year-old boy, [name withheld], who died in 2019 after being picked up by S.S. Colony police for an alleged jewellery theft. The Division Bench reduced the multiplier from 18 to 16 but affirmed the principle that compensation in custodial death cases need not strictly follow motor accident formulae. The court directed the State to pay the balance of Rs 18 lakh with 6% interest from September 2024. The Single Judge had found the boy was kept in illegal custody for three days and subjected to torture, with post-mortem revealing 25 ante-mortem injuries.", "summary_verified": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court modified the compensation awarded by a Single Judge for the custodial death of a 17-year-old boy, [name withheld], who died in 2019 after being picked up by S.S. Colony police for an alleged jewellery theft. The Division Bench reduced the multiplier from 18 to 16 but affirmed the principle that compensation in custodial death cases need not strictly follow motor accident formulae. The court directed the State to pay the balance of Rs 18 lakh with 6% interest from September 2024. The Single Judge had found the boy was kept in illegal custody for three days and subjected to torture, with post-mortem revealing 25 ante-mortem injuries.", "court_quote": "This Court is of the view that while paying compensation in the case of a custodial death, we cannot be very strict in applying the formula and though the learned Single Judge has erroneously applied the multiplier '18' instead of '16', we do not want to interfere with the compensation awarded, except to say that even according to the formula adopted by the learned single Judge, the compensation will be only Rs.22,98,000/- and should be rounded off to Rs.23,00,000/-.", "court_quote_para": "para 3", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Victim is a minor (17 years old) and his name '[name withheld]' appears in victims[0].name and in the case_title; per register rules minors must not be named - redact.; The judgment itself (Indian Kanoon 165886415) never names the deceased - it refers only to 'the writ petitioner's son'; the name '[name withheld]' is unverified.; incident_date 2019-01-01 is an unverified placeholder; the source only establishes the death was in 2019.; Everything else verified: W.A.(MD) No. 823 of 2024, Madurai Bench (G. Jayachandran & K.K. Ramakrishnan), decided 07.01.2026, S.S. Colony PS Madurai; Single Judge Rs 25 lakh reduced to Rs 23,00,000 (22,98,000 rounded), balance Rs 18 lakh with 6% interest from 27.09.2024; quote verbatim (para 3); adverse finding against police for custodial death of a 17-year-old.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-01-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "2026 LiveLaw (Mad) (unreported)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/165886415/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/49692536/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-tn-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-tn-hc-1", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0361", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0576" ], "display_title": "Mrs. Guduvancherry Woman vs The State Human Rights Commission, Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Mrs. Guduvancherry Woman vs The State Human Rights Commission, Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Chengalpattu", "district_at_time": "Kanchipuram", "city_town": "Guduvancherry", "police_station_or_unit": "Guduvancherry Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mrs. Guduvancherry Woman vs The State Human Rights Commission, Tamil Nadu and Anr.", "case_number": "W.P. No. 14267 of 2021", "citation": "2026 LiveLaw (Mad) 90", "judges": [ "Anita Sumanth, J.", "Mummineni Sudheer Kumar, J." ], "judgment_date": "2026-02-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2018-12-01", "incident_year": 2018, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Article 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Guduvancherry Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.18, "jev_p_culpable": 0.86, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Guduvancherry Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Guduvancherry woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/02/25/magitha-anna-christy-v-shrc-658270.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-brutality-5-lakh-compensation-upheld-524520", "https://bharathorizon.com/politics/law-order/madras-hc-backs-shrcs-rs-5-lakh-fine-for-police-si.html" ], "summary": "The Madras High Court dismissed a writ petition filed by Sub-Inspector challenging an order of the State Human Rights Commission finding her guilty of custodial torture and awarding Rs 5 lakh compensation to victim [name withheld]. The Commission found that the officer assaulted the complainant with hands and lathi at Guduvancherry Police Station in December 2018, causing severe injuries across both knees, hands, and legs. The High Court observed that the serious allegations remained uncontroverted by the officer, indicating tacit admission, and deprecated her failure to file a counter or produce records. Finding no merit or grounds for interference under Article 226, the Division Bench left the compensation award and recommendation for disciplinary action intact. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madras High Court dismissed a writ petition filed by Sub-Inspector challenging an order of the State Human Rights Commission finding her guilty of custodial torture and awarding Rs 5 lakh compensation to victim [name withheld]. The Commission found that the officer assaulted the complainant with hands and lathi at Guduvancherry Police Station in December 2018, causing severe injuries across both knees, hands, and legs. The High Court observed that the serious allegations remained uncontroverted by the officer, indicating tacit admission, and deprecated her failure to file a counter or produce records. Finding no merit or grounds for interference under Article 226, the Division Bench left the compensation award and recommendation for disciplinary action intact.", "court_quote": "Though the learned counsel for the petitioner tried to persuade us to interfere with the impugned order on the ground that the Respondent No.2 herein agreed to withdraw the complaint subject to payment of Rs.3,50,000/- during the course of her examination and thereby contending that the complaint is intended only to extract money from the petitioner, we are unable to agree with the said contention for the simple reason that the serious allegation of assault and abuse of power levelled against the petitioner herein in the complaint made before the respondent commission remained uncontroverted, thereby suggesting tacit admission on the part of the petitioner herein.", "court_quote_para": "4", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court dismissed SI writ petition challenging SHRC order awarding Rs 5 lakh compensation and recommending disciplinary action for custodial torture.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-02-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2026 LiveLaw (Mad) 90", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/02/25/magitha-anna-christy-v-shrc-658270.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/madras-high-court-police-brutality-5-lakh-compensation-upheld-524520", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://bharathorizon.com/politics/law-order/madras-hc-backs-shrcs-rs-5-lakh-fine-for-police-si.html", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-12", "chunk-32" ], "merged_case_id": "TAMILN-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0047", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0858", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "A.C. Karthikeyan and Others vs State Human Rights Commission Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "A.C. Karthikeyan and Others vs State Human Rights Commission Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kanniyakumari", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Marthandam", "police_station_or_unit": "Marthandam Police Station / DSP Thuckalay Special Squad", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "A.C. Karthikeyan and Others vs State Human Rights Commission Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P.(MD) Nos.22673, 24168, 23338 and 23362 of 2022 and 14715 of 2023", "citation": null, "judges": [ "G.R. Swaminathan", "R. Kalaimathi" ], "judgment_date": "2026-02-27", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2019-05-30", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Protection of Human Rights Act 1993", "COTPA 2003 s.24(1)", "Juvenile Justice Act 2015 s.77", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": "A.C. Karthikeyan", "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Thuckalay, Kanniyakumari District", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.94, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "A.C. Karthikeyan", "display": "A.C. Karthikeyan (Deputy Superintendent of Police)" }, { "name": "R. Senthilkumar", "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Marthandam Police Station", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.86, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "R. Senthilkumar", "display": "R. Senthilkumar (Inspector of Police)" }, { "name": "Mohan Kumar", "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Special Squad attached to DSP office, Thuckalay", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.45, "jev_p_culpable": 0.74, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Mohan Kumar", "display": "Mohan Kumar" }, { "name": "M. Stephen Arul Raj", "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Special Squad attached to DSP office, Thuckalay", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.53, "jev_p_culpable": 0.64, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "M. Stephen Arul Raj", "display": "M. Stephen Arul Raj" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 63, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Marthandam man, age 63" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 600000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53901862/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/madras-high-court-scoffs-at-police-claim-that-63-year-old-caused-his-own-head-injuries-in-police-custody" ], "summary": "A Division Bench upheld the SHRC finding that 63-year-old a Marthandam man was falsely implicated in a gutka case, illegally arrested and assaulted in custody at Kotticode police station on 30-31 May 2019, sustaining head injuries proved by medical records. The court rejected the police claim that a Marthandam man injured himself as fantastic and fastened liability on the DSP who directed the action, the Inspector who made the illegal arrest without following D.K. Basu guidelines, and two special-squad members. It dismissed the officers writ petitions and confirmed the SHRC award of Rs.6,00,000 compensation with recovery of Rs.3,00,000 from the DSP and Rs.1,00,000 each from the other three. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Division Bench upheld the SHRC finding that 63-year-old a Marthandam man was falsely implicated in a gutka case, illegally arrested and assaulted in custody at Kotticode police station on 30-31 May 2019, sustaining head injuries proved by medical records. The court rejected the police claim that a Marthandam man injured himself as fantastic and fastened liability on the DSP who directed the action, the Inspector who made the illegal arrest without following D.K. Basu guidelines, and two special-squad members. It dismissed the officers writ petitions and confirmed the SHRC award of Rs.6,00,000 compensation with recovery of Rs.3,00,000 from the DSP and Rs.1,00,000 each from the other three.", "court_quote": "We can invoke the rule of commonsense and easily conclude that the story that the complainant hit himself and that is how the head injuries were caused is fantastic.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC dismissed officers writs, confirmed SHRC Rs.6L award for custodial assault of 63-year-old.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-02-27", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 600,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P.(MD) Nos.22673, 24168, 23338 and 23362 of 2022 and 14715 of 2023", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53901862/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/madras-high-court-scoffs-at-police-claim-that-63-year-old-caused-his-own-head-injuries-in-police-custody", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-68" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-40-001", "officers_named_public": 4, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0052", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0859", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The Director General of Police and Others vs Thirukoilur Police Special Sub-Inspector of Police (Head Constable at relevant time)", "display_title_redacted": "The Director General of Police and Others vs Thirukoilur Police Special Sub-Inspector of Police (Head Constable at relevant time)", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Kallakurichi", "district_at_time": "Villupuram", "city_town": "Thirukoilur", "police_station_or_unit": "Arakandanallur Police Station", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The Director General of Police and Others vs Thirukoilur Police Special Sub-Inspector of Police (Head Constable at relevant time)", "case_number": "W.A. No.1850 of 2026", "citation": "2026:MHC:2846", "judges": [ "S.M. Subramaniam", "N. Senthilkumar" ], "judgment_date": "2026-07-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2014-11-25", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "TN Police Subordinate Services (D&A) Rules 1955 Rule 3(b)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police (Head Constable at relevant time)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Arakandanallur Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Special Sub-Inspector of Police (Head Constable at relevant time), Arakandanallur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2026/07/18/2026mhc2846-verdictum-1781097.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/madras-high-court/2026-mhc-2846-director-general-of-police-v-v-arumuram-1618011" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Special Sub-Inspector appeared drunk to depose before the Judicial Magistrate, Thirukoilur, on 25 November 2014; he was compulsorily retired, modified on appeal to postponement of increment for three years with cumulative effect. The Writ Court had quashed the penalty for want of blood and urine tests, but the Division Bench held that departmental proof needs only preponderance of probabilities and that the Drunkenness Certificate with the Magistrate contemporaneous observation sufficed. The court allowed the State appeal, restoring the penalty, and directed the DGP to issue a decorum circular for police deposing in courts.", "summary_verified": "Special Sub-Inspector appeared drunk to depose before the Judicial Magistrate, Thirukoilur, on 25 November 2014; he was compulsorily retired, modified on appeal to postponement of increment for three years with cumulative effect. The Writ Court had quashed the penalty for want of blood and urine tests, but the Division Bench held that departmental proof needs only preponderance of probabilities and that the Drunkenness Certificate with the Magistrate contemporaneous observation sufficed. The court allowed the State appeal, restoring the penalty, and directed the DGP to issue a decorum circular for police deposing in courts.", "court_quote": "Witnesses including the police officials, while deposing before the Courts, in connection with the criminal cases or any other case, are expected to maintain decorum and discipline and depose the statement in a truthful manner. This being the settled legal position, any misconduct committed inside a Court Hall cannot, under any circumstances, be tolerated.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC allowed State appeal, restored increment-cut penalty for drunkenness inside court hall.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-07-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2026:MHC:2846", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2026/07/18/2026mhc2846-verdictum-1781097.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/madras-high-court/2026-mhc-2846-director-general-of-police-v-v-arumuram-1618011", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-68" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-40-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0053", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0868", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Alangulam Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Alangulam Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "state": "Tamil Nadu", "district": "Tenkasi", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Alangulam", "police_station_or_unit": "All Women Police Station, Alangulam", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": "Madurai", "case_title": "Alangulam Man vs State of Tamil Nadu and Others", "case_number": "W.P.Crl.(MD) No.3809 of 2026", "citation": "2026 LiveLaw (Mad) 338", "judges": [ "L. Victoria Gowri" ], "judgment_date": "2026-07-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2026-04-18", "incident_year": 2026, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory": "dereliction_evidence_tampering", "subcategory_display": "dereliction evidence tampering", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Dowry Prohibition Act 1961", "BNS" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "All Women Police Station, Alangulam", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, All Women Police Station, Alangulam" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "All Women Police Station, Alangulam", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, All Women Police Station, Alangulam" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Alangulam man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://s3.courtbook.in/2026/07/p_p_a_v_state_of_tamil_nadu_others.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/police-pay-compensation-closing-dowry-complaint-not-registering-fir-542812", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/madras-hc-orders-two-women-cops-to-pay-1-lakh-each-for-trying-to-settle-dowry-dispute-instead-of-lodging-fir" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Justice L. Victoria Gowri held the Inspector and Sub-Inspector of AWPS Alangulam guilty of serious dereliction of statutory duty for closing a dowry complaint disclosing cognizable offences through a private part-refund settlement instead of registering an FIR. The court ordered each officer to pay Rs.1,00,000 compensation personally to the complainant by 24 July 2026 (Rs.2,00,000 total), declaring it final public-law accountability. Since the officers showed remorse and had undergone ten days suspension, the court permitted revocation of suspension and barred further departmental proceedings on the same matter. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Justice L. Victoria Gowri held the Inspector and Sub-Inspector of AWPS Alangulam guilty of serious dereliction of statutory duty for closing a dowry complaint disclosing cognizable offences through a private part-refund settlement instead of registering an FIR. The court ordered each officer to pay Rs.1,00,000 compensation personally to the complainant by 24 July 2026 (Rs.2,00,000 total), declaring it final public-law accountability. Since the officers showed remorse and had undergone ten days suspension, the court permitted revocation of suspension and barred further departmental proceedings on the same matter.", "court_quote": "Nevertheless, the lapse committed by respondents 2 and 3 cannot be ignored, since their failure to register a case despite allegations disclosing cognizable offences resulted in avoidable hardship and prejudice to the petitioner.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held AWPS officers guilty of dereliction for closing dowry complaint; Rs.1L each personal compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-07-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2026 LiveLaw (Mad) 338", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://s3.courtbook.in/2026/07/p_p_a_v_state_of_tamil_nadu_others.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/madras-high-court/police-pay-compensation-closing-dowry-complaint-not-registering-fir-542812", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/madras-hc-orders-two-women-cops-to-pay-1-lakh-each-for-trying-to-settle-dowry-dispute-instead-of-lodging-fir", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-68" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-40-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" } ] }