{ "state": "Chhattisgarh", "slug": "chhattisgarh", "count": 32, "url": "https://datalibertarian.in/babuwatch/state/chhattisgarh", "cases": [ { "record_id": "CW-1995-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0442", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pulgaon Police Sub-Inspector (Officer-in-charge) v. State of Madhya Pradesh", "display_title_redacted": "Pulgaon Police Sub-Inspector (Officer-in-charge) v. State of Madhya Pradesh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Durg", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Pulgaon", "police_station_or_unit": "Pulgaon Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pulgaon Police Sub-Inspector (Officer-in-charge) v. State of Madhya Pradesh", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 571 of 1991", "citation": "1995 SCC (5) 320; AIR 1995 SC 2121", "judges": [ "K. Jayachandra Reddy", "M.M. Punchhi" ], "judgment_date": "1995-07-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1995, "incident_date": "1979-11-12", "incident_year": 1979, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector (Officer-in-charge)", "unit": "Pulgaon Police Station, Durg", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector (Officer-in-charge), Pulgaon Police Station, Durg" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Pulgaon man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/907234/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court confirmed the conviction of Sub-Inspector, officer-in-charge of Pulgaon police station, for obtaining illegal gratification of Rs.500 from complainant [name withheld], who had come to report his wife's disappearance and was detained until he paid. The Court held that both the trial court and the High Court had rightly found the case proved beyond reasonable doubt through corroborated trap evidence. It reduced the one year's rigorous imprisonment to the period already undergone but maintained the Rs.1,000 fine with the default clause. The trial court's acquittal under Section 161 IPC was left undisturbed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court confirmed the conviction of Sub-Inspector, officer-in-charge of Pulgaon police station, for obtaining illegal gratification of Rs.500 from complainant [name withheld], who had come to report his wife's disappearance and was detained until he paid. The Court held that both the trial court and the High Court had rightly found the case proved beyond reasonable doubt through corroborated trap evidence. It reduced the one year's rigorous imprisonment to the period already undergone but maintained the Rs.1,000 fine with the default clause. The trial court's acquittal under Section 161 IPC was left undisturbed.", "court_quote": "Applying the above ratio to the facts of this case we hold that both the courts have rightly held that the prosecution has proved its case beyond all reasonable doubt.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment text verified; police SI conviction under PC Act 1947 confirmed, sentence cut to undergone.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "1995 SCC (5) 320; AIR 1995 SC 2121", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1995-07-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "1995 SCC (5) 320; AIR 1995 SC 2121", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "sections" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/907234/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-39" ], "merged_case_id": "SWBRIBER-015", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1996-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1096", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Madhya Pradesh Police Sub-Inspector vs State of M.P. and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Madhya Pradesh Police Sub-Inspector vs State of M.P. and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Kanker", "district_at_time": "Bastar", "city_town": "Pakhanjur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Pakhanjur", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Madhya Pradesh Police Sub-Inspector vs State of M.P. and Others", "case_number": null, "citation": "[1996] INSC 1409", "judges": [ "K. Ramaswamy", "G. B. Pattanaik" ], "judgment_date": "1996-11-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1996, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Police Station Pakhanjur, Madhya Pradesh Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Police Station Pakhanjur, Madhya Pradesh Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=1996/november/vijay-kumar-nigam-vs-state-of-m-op-ors-40", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1888519/" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court on 6 November 1996 sustained the 1971 dismissal of Sub-Inspector, formerly in charge of Pakhanjur police station in what is now Chhattisgarh. The Court recorded that while SHO he received illegal gratification from gambling organiser N.K. Ghosh and failed to prevent his common gambling house, a charge proved in the departmental enquiry and confirmed on departmental appeal and by the M.P. High Court in 1978. It held the preliminary enquiry report need not have been supplied since it never formed the basis of dismissal, and that Evidence Act strictures do not govern departmental enquiries. The appeal, pursued by his legal representatives, was dismissed with no costs.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court on 6 November 1996 sustained the 1971 dismissal of Sub-Inspector, formerly in charge of Pakhanjur police station in what is now Chhattisgarh. The Court recorded that while SHO he received illegal gratification from gambling organiser N.K. Ghosh and failed to prevent his common gambling house, a charge proved in the departmental enquiry and confirmed on departmental appeal and by the M.P. High Court in 1978. It held the preliminary enquiry report need not have been supplied since it never formed the basis of dismissal, and that Evidence Act strictures do not govern departmental enquiries. The appeal, pursued by his legal representatives, was dismissed with no costs.", "court_quote": "The appellant, while working as Sub-Inspector, and being in-charge of the Police Station Pakhanjur, District Jagadalpur, on receipt of illegal gratification failed to prevent the running of common gambling house of one N.K.Ghosh.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC sustained dismissal of SHO for taking gratification to shelter a gambling den.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1996-11-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "[1996] INSC 1409", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=1996/november/vijay-kumar-nigam-vs-state-of-m-op-ors-40", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1888519/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-97" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-127-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1997-0018", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1241", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Lakhanpur Man v. State of M.P. and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Lakhanpur Man v. State of M.P. and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Surguja", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Lakhanpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Lakhanpur", "court": "Madhya Pradesh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madhya Pradesh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Lakhanpur Man v. State of M.P. and Others", "case_number": "Miscellaneous Petition No. 1808 of 1994", "citation": "(1998) 2 JLJ 86", "judges": [ "A.K. Mathur", "Dipak Misra" ], "judgment_date": "1997-10-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1997, "incident_date": "1994-01-08", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "enforced_disappearance", "subcategory": "enforced_disappearance", "subcategory_display": "enforced disappearance", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Police Station Lakhanpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Police Station Lakhanpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Police Station Lakhanpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Police Station Lakhanpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Police Station Lakhanpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Police Station Lakhanpur" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Lakhanpur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/576712/jagatdhari-vs-state-of-mp-and-others/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.the-laws.com/encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=417991785000&title=jagatdhari-vs-state-of-m-p" ], "summary": "The Madhya Pradesh High Court (Division Bench) allowed a habeas corpus petition by Jagatdhari for his son-in-law a Lakhanpur man, taken in a police jeep to Police Station Lakhanpur on 8 January 1994 and never seen alive since (Ambikapur is now in Chhattisgarh). The Court noted the SP's admission of no Rojnamcha entry, the AIG report holding the Lakhanpur action illegal, and the District Judge's enquiry finding a Lakhanpur man never found alive. It held the State responsible for the illegal detention, awarded Rs 50,000 compensation to a Lakhanpur man's wife [name withheld], and ordered a departmental enquiry against the Lakhanpur officials posted at the relevant time. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Madhya Pradesh High Court (Division Bench) allowed a habeas corpus petition by Jagatdhari for his son-in-law a Lakhanpur man, taken in a police jeep to Police Station Lakhanpur on 8 January 1994 and never seen alive since (Ambikapur is now in Chhattisgarh). The Court noted the SP's admission of no Rojnamcha entry, the AIG report holding the Lakhanpur action illegal, and the District Judge's enquiry finding a Lakhanpur man never found alive. It held the State responsible for the illegal detention, awarded Rs 50,000 compensation to a Lakhanpur man's wife [name withheld], and ordered a departmental enquiry against the Lakhanpur officials posted at the relevant time.", "court_quote": "In these circumstances, we direct a sum of Rs. 50,000/- should be given to wife of a Lakhanpur man as a compensation and the State Government shall initiate a departmental enquiry against the concerned officials who were posted there at the relevant time as they had illegally detained a Lakhanpur man at Police Station Lakhanpur.", "court_quote_para": "6", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held State liable for illegal detention/disappearance; Rs 50,000 compensation + enquiry ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1997-10-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madhya Pradesh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madhya Pradesh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 50,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(1998) 2 JLJ 86", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/576712/jagatdhari-vs-state-of-mp-and-others/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=417991785000&title=jagatdhari-vs-state-of-m-p", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-116" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-73-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2001-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0088", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Bilaspur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Bilaspur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Bilaspur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bilaspur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Torwa, Bilaspur", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bilaspur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "Cri. M.P. under Section 482 CrPC (Criminal Case No. 3567/2000; Crime No. 12/2000, PS Torwa)", "citation": "2001(3) MPHT 93 (CG)", "judges": [ "R. S. Garg" ], "judgment_date": "2001-03-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2001, "incident_date": "2000-06-22", "incident_year": 2000, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 41(1)(d)", "IPC 379" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (No. 861)", "unit": "Police Station Torwa, Bilaspur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.93, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (No. 861), Police Station Torwa, Bilaspur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Bilaspur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 10000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1862739/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/897896/sheoprasad-appellant-hash-state-of-chhattisgarh-respondent/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Justice R.S. Garg quashed the prosecution of a Bilaspur man (Crime No. 12/2000, PS Torwa) launched on an anonymous inland letter alleging rickshaw-pullers possessed Rs 5 lakh of found money. Head Constable raided on 22 June 2000, seized Rs 8,000, extracted a custodial admission that it was bad money, locked up the accused and filed a challan under Section 41(1)(d) CrPC/379 IPC though no complaint of lost or stolen property existed. Holding the arrest false, mischievous and illegal and the challan cooked-up, the Court ordered the constable to personally pay Rs 10,000 compensation, return the seized money, and directed the CJM to lodge a criminal complaint against him. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Justice R.S. Garg quashed the prosecution of a Bilaspur man (Crime No. 12/2000, PS Torwa) launched on an anonymous inland letter alleging rickshaw-pullers possessed Rs 5 lakh of found money. Head Constable raided on 22 June 2000, seized Rs 8,000, extracted a custodial admission that it was bad money, locked up the accused and filed a challan under Section 41(1)(d) CrPC/379 IPC though no complaint of lost or stolen property existed. Holding the arrest false, mischievous and illegal and the challan cooked-up, the Court ordered the constable to personally pay Rs 10,000 compensation, return the seized money, and directed the CJM to lodge a criminal complaint against him.", "court_quote": "Mr. [name withheld], Head Constable, shall pay a sum of Rs. 10,000/- to the present applicant as compensation for false/mischievous/illegal arrest and filing cooked-up and manufactured challan.", "court_quote_para": "31", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Cooked-up challan quashed; constable to personally pay Rs 10,000 and face criminal complaint.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2001-03-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 10,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2001(3) MPHT 93 (CG)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1862739/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/897896/sheoprasad-appellant-hash-state-of-chhattisgarh-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-36" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-018", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2006-0006", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0071", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Suhela, Village Bhalesur Man vs State Of Chhattisgarh And Ors", "display_title_redacted": "Suhela, Village Bhalesur Man vs State Of Chhattisgarh And Ors", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Raipur", "district_at_time": "Raipur", "city_town": "Suhela, village Bhalesur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Suhela", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Suhela, Village Bhalesur Man vs State Of Chhattisgarh And Ors", "case_number": null, "citation": "2006 CriLJ 4372; 2006(3) MPHT 79", "judges": [ "S.R. Nayak", "D.R. Deshmukh" ], "judgment_date": "2006-07-20", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2006, "incident_date": "2004-08-12", "incident_year": 2004, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer", "unit": "PS Suhela, Raipur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.87, "jev_p_culpable": 0.07, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer, PS Suhela, Raipur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "PS Suhela, Raipur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.87, "jev_p_culpable": 0.09, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, PS Suhela, Raipur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "PS Suhela, Raipur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.44, "jev_p_culpable": 0.44, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, PS Suhela, Raipur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable (No. 417)", "unit": "PS Suhela, Raipur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.54, "jev_p_culpable": 0.31, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable (No. 417), PS Suhela, Raipur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable (No. 243)", "unit": "PS Suhela, Raipur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.6, "jev_p_culpable": 0.24, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable (No. 243), PS Suhela, Raipur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable (No. 1337)", "unit": "PS Suhela, Raipur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.65, "jev_p_culpable": 0.3, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable (No. 1337), PS Suhela, Raipur" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 26, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Suhela, village Bhalesur man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1455919/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/896348/forum-for-fact-finding-documentation-and-advocacy-vs-state-o/" ], "summary": "The Chhattisgarh High Court (Division Bench) allowed a public interest writ highlighting the custodial death of a Suhela, village Bhalesur man, a 26-year-old tribal agricultural labourer, at Police Station Suhela. Picked up on suspicion of petty theft of goods worth Rs. 972, he was illegally detained without arrest being recorded, mercilessly beaten by ASI and other staff, paraded handcuffed through villages on August 11, 2004, and found dead in the lock-up toilet on August 13, 2004 in a staged hanging the Court disbelieved, with a false autopsy prepared at the ASI's behest. Holding the State liable in public law, the Court directed payment of Rs. 10,00,000 compensation to the widow and three minor children within a month (sums already paid adjusted), ordered the CBI to register a case and investigate, and directed departmental enquiries against the six named police personnel. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Chhattisgarh High Court (Division Bench) allowed a public interest writ highlighting the custodial death of a Suhela, village Bhalesur man, a 26-year-old tribal agricultural labourer, at Police Station Suhela. Picked up on suspicion of petty theft of goods worth Rs. 972, he was illegally detained without arrest being recorded, mercilessly beaten by ASI and other staff, paraded handcuffed through villages on August 11, 2004, and found dead in the lock-up toilet on August 13, 2004 in a staged hanging the Court disbelieved, with a false autopsy prepared at the ASI's behest. Holding the State liable in public law, the Court directed payment of Rs. 10,00,000 compensation to the widow and three minor children within a month (sums already paid adjusted), ordered the CBI to register a case and investigate, and directed departmental enquiries against the six named police personnel.", "court_quote": "We direct the State of Chhattisgarh to pay to the widow of the deceased and their three minor children compensation of Rs. 10,00,000/- (Rupees ten lakhs only) within a month.", "court_quote_para": "28(c)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Chhattisgarh HC (PIL) held tribal man a Suhela, village Bhalesur man died of custodial torture at PS Suhela, awarded Rs. 10 lakh compensation and ordered CBI probe.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2006-07-20", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2006 CriLJ 4372; 2006(3) MPHT 79", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1455919/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/896348/forum-for-fact-finding-documentation-and-advocacy-vs-state-o/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-02", "chunk-r01" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0082", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Raipura Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Raipura Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Sakti", "district_at_time": "Bilaspur", "city_town": "Raipura", "police_station_or_unit": "PS Baradwar", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Raipura Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 1427 of 2004", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Manindra Mohan Shrivastava" ], "judgment_date": "2011-03-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1997-10-21", "incident_year": 1997, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 304-A", "IPC 34", "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 32" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "PS Baradwar", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, PS Baradwar" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "PS Baradwar", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, PS Baradwar" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Raipura man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/16668791/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/895876/dukhuram-vs-state-of-chhattisgarh-and-others/" ], "summary": "A Raipura man, arrested on suspicion of theft, was taken handcuffed and chained by two PS Baradwar police officials to Kumhiya pond at village Raipura to recover a concealed brass vessel and compelled to dive in; he drowned and his body was found floating on 21 October 1997. The court found sheer negligence and callous, high-handed custodial action, noting that respondent No 3 stood convicted under Section 304-A IPC by the trial court in 2008 while respondent No 4 was acquitted. Following Nilabati Behera, the court allowed the Article 226 petition and awarded Rs 1.5 lakh compensation to the father, Dukhuram, leaving him free to pursue traditional remedies for any balance. The incident predates the creation of Janjgir-Champa (1998), Sakti (2022) and Chhattisgarh state (2000). Respondent No. 4, who is not named in the judgment, was acquitted of the charges by the trial court on 18 February 2008 while respondent No. 3 was held guilty under Section 304A IPC; no culpability finding in this judgment runs against respondent No. 4. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Raipura man, arrested on suspicion of theft, was taken handcuffed and chained by two PS Baradwar police officials to Kumhiya pond at village Raipura to recover a concealed brass vessel and compelled to dive in; he drowned and his body was found floating on 21 October 1997. The court found sheer negligence and callous, high-handed custodial action, noting that respondent No 3 stood convicted under Section 304-A IPC by the trial court in 2008 while respondent No 4 was acquitted. Following Nilabati Behera, the court allowed the Article 226 petition and awarded Rs 1.5 lakh compensation to the father, Dukhuram, leaving him free to pursue traditional remedies for any balance. The incident predates the creation of Janjgir-Champa (1998), Sakti (2022) and Chhattisgarh state (2000).", "court_quote": "The judgment of the Trial Court clearly shows that the deceased-a Raipura man died due to negligent act of respondent No. 3.", "court_quote_para": "5", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "WP 1427/2004 verified on Indian Kanoon; Rs 1.5L compensation; R3 convicted u/s 304-A by trial court.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-03-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Writ Petition No. 1427 of 2004", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/16668791/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/895876/dukhuram-vs-state-of-chhattisgarh-and-others/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-r02", "chunk-r10" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-012", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0090", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Janjgir Man and Another v. State of C.G.", "display_title_redacted": "Janjgir Man and Another v. State of C.G.", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Janjgir-Champa", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Janjgir", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Janjgir Man and Another v. State of C.G.", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 888 of 2001", "citation": "(2012) 02 CHH CK 0077", "judges": [ "Satish K. Agnihotri" ], "judgment_date": "2012-02-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "1999-09-11", "incident_year": 1999, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Janjgir man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/898431/motimbai-and-another-appellant-hash-state-of-cg-and-others-respondent/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fd97e4b014971114e816" ], "summary": "The Chhattisgarh High Court awarded Rs 1.5 lakh additional compensation to Motimbai and her child for the custodial death of Chhotelal Soni, forcibly taken by respondent No. 6 from Balco to Janjgir-Champa on 11 September 1999 and beaten brutally in transit custody, dying the same day. The State Human Rights Commission had already found custodial death, awarded Rs 50,000 recoverable from respondents 5 and 6, and recommended their suspension and enquiry, in which they were punished. Following Nilabati Behera and related precedents, the Court held the police deprived the deceased of personal liberty and allowed the petition with liberty to claim more in private law. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Chhattisgarh High Court awarded Rs 1.5 lakh additional compensation to Motimbai and her child for the custodial death of C. S., forcibly taken by respondent No. 6 from Balco to Janjgir-Champa on 11 September 1999 and beaten brutally in transit custody, dying the same day. The State Human Rights Commission had already found custodial death, awarded Rs 50,000 recoverable from respondents 5 and 6, and recommended their suspension and enquiry, in which they were punished. Following Nilabati Behera and related precedents, the Court held the police deprived the deceased of personal liberty and allowed the petition with liberty to claim more in private law.", "court_quote": "it would be just and proper to award a sum of Rs. 1,50,000/- in addition to the amount already awarded by the Commission within a period of three months.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Transit-custody beating death; Rs 1.5L additional over SHRC award, erring officers already punished.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-02-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2012) 02 CHH CK 0077", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/898431/motimbai-and-another-appellant-hash-state-of-cg-and-others-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fd97e4b014971114e816", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-36" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-020", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0012", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0089", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pondi Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Pondi Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Ors.", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Koriya", "district_at_time": "Surguja", "city_town": "Pondi", "police_station_or_unit": "Pondi Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pondi Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Ors.", "case_number": "Civil Appeal No. 5703 of 2012", "citation": "(2012) 8 SCC 1; AIR 2012 SC 2573", "judges": [ "Dipak Misra", "K. S. Radhakrishnan" ], "judgment_date": "2012-08-03", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "1992-09-24", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 32" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer", "unit": "Pondi Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer, Pondi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Pondi Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Pondi Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Pondi man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/24661153/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court held that the appellant, an Ayurvedic doctor taken to Pondi Police Station on 24 September 1992 instead of Baikunthpur Jail, was abused, assaulted and photographed holding a self-humiliating placard that the police then circulated. The Court found, as the High Court had, that he suffered physical and mental torture in custody in violation of Article 21. It set aside the High Court direction requiring a fresh representation after 19 years and awarded Rs 5 lakh compensation. The Court directed payment within six weeks, recoverable from the erring officers in equal shares from their salaries. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court held that the appellant, an Ayurvedic doctor taken to Pondi Police Station on 24 September 1992 instead of Baikunthpur Jail, was abused, assaulted and photographed holding a self-humiliating placard that the police then circulated. The Court found, as the High Court had, that he suffered physical and mental torture in custody in violation of Article 21. It set aside the High Court direction requiring a fresh representation after 19 years and awarded Rs 5 lakh compensation. The Court directed payment within six weeks, recoverable from the erring officers in equal shares from their salaries.", "court_quote": "A sum of Rs.5.00 lacs (Rupees five lacs only) should be granted towards compensation to the appellant.", "court_quote_para": "46", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC held custodial torture proved; Rs 5 lakh compensation recoverable from officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-08-03", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2012) 8 SCC 1; AIR 2012 SC 2573", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/24661153/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-30" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-019", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0085", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Madhya Pradesh (now Chhattisgarh) vs Manpur Police Constable and others", "display_title_redacted": "State of Madhya Pradesh (now Chhattisgarh) vs Manpur Police Constable and others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Mohla-Manpur-Ambagarh Chowki", "district_at_time": "Rajnandgaon", "city_town": "Manpur", "police_station_or_unit": "PS Manpur", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Madhya Pradesh (now Chhattisgarh) vs Manpur Police Constable and others", "case_number": "Writ Appeal Nos. 342-345 and 358 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Abhay Manohar Sapre", "G. Minhajuddin" ], "judgment_date": "2012-08-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "1992-12-11", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "PS Manpur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, PS Manpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable/Head Constable", "unit": "PS Manpur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.08, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable/Head Constable, PS Manpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable/Head Constable", "unit": "PS Manpur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.93, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable/Head Constable, PS Manpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable/Head Constable", "unit": "PS Manpur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.09, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable/Head Constable, PS Manpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Town Inspector", "unit": "PS Manpur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "yes", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.11, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Town Inspector, PS Manpur" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/106352477/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fd97e4b014971114e7f9" ], "summary": "The Chhattisgarh High Court Division Bench (Abhay Manohar Sapre, J.) allowed the State's writ appeals and upheld the 30 September 1993 dismissal of five PS Manpur police personnel — two constables, two head constables and the Town Inspector. Three major misconducts in discharge of official duties, including misappropriation of money found on gamblers caught on the night of 11/12 December 1992, were held proved in a regular departmental inquiry. The Court set aside the Single Judge's 4 April 2011 reinstatement order, holding the inquiry findings were serious, proved in accordance with law, and earlier concurrently upheld by the State Administrative Tribunal in 1997. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Chhattisgarh High Court Division Bench (Abhay Manohar Sapre, J.) allowed the State's writ appeals and upheld the 30 September 1993 dismissal of five PS Manpur police personnel — two constables, two head constables and the Town Inspector. Three major misconducts in discharge of official duties, including misappropriation of money found on gamblers caught on the night of 11/12 December 1992, were held proved in a regular departmental inquiry. The Court set aside the Single Judge's 4 April 2011 reinstatement order, holding the inquiry findings were serious, proved in accordance with law, and earlier concurrently upheld by the State Administrative Tribunal in 1997.", "court_quote": "The dismissal order of the respondent from the services deserves to be upheld and is accordingly upheld.", "court_quote_para": "42", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment verified: dismissal of 5 PS Manpur personnel for proved major misconducts upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-08-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Writ Appeal Nos. 342-345 and 358 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/106352477/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fd97e4b014971114e7f9", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-15", "chunk-r08" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-015", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0091", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Bilaspur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Bilaspur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Bilaspur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bilaspur", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bilaspur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "Writ Petition (C) No. 5268 of 2007", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Satish K. Agnihotri" ], "judgment_date": "2013-04-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2005-01-01", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Arms Act s.25" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": null, "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Bilaspur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.indianemployees.com/uploads/judgments/082015/1439808645-10ap13.pdf", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Chhattisgarh High Court awarded Rs 2 lakh to Ganeshi Bai for the death of her husband [name withheld] in police custody. Arrested in Crime No. 206/2005 under Section 25 of the Arms Act and being escorted to Central Jail Bilaspur by respondents 3 and 4, he died en route; police claimed he tried to escape and was hit by an untraced truck, while the widow alleged assault. The Court held it indisputable that a Bilaspur man died in police custody and that his personal liberty was deprived by the police. It allowed the petition, directing payment within three months with liberty to claim more in private law. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Chhattisgarh High Court awarded Rs 2 lakh to Ganeshi Bai for the death of her husband [name withheld] in police custody. Arrested in Crime No. 206/2005 under Section 25 of the Arms Act and being escorted to Central Jail Bilaspur by respondents 3 and 4, he died en route; police claimed he tried to escape and was hit by an untraced truck, while the widow alleged assault. The Court held it indisputable that a Bilaspur man died in police custody and that his personal liberty was deprived by the police. It allowed the petition, directing payment within three months with liberty to claim more in private law.", "court_quote": "it would be just and proper to award a sum of Rs.2,00,000/-. The respondent/State is directed to pay the said amount to the petitioner within a period of three months.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Escort-custody death with untraced-truck cover story rejected; Rs 2L compensation allowed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-04-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Writ Petition (C) No. 5268 of 2007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.indianemployees.com/uploads/judgments/082015/1439808645-10ap13.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-36" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-021", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0033", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1253", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Jagdalpur Police Constable (No. 636) vs State of M.P. and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Jagdalpur Police Constable (No. 636) vs State of M.P. and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Bastar", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Jagdalpur", "police_station_or_unit": "30th Battalion, Special Armed Force, Jagdalpur", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Jagdalpur Police Constable (No. 636) vs State of M.P. and Others", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. (S) 1082 of 2005", "citation": "(2014) LabIC 693; (2013) 09 CHH CK 0017", "judges": [ "Pritinker Diwaker" ], "judgment_date": "2013-09-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "1993-10-22", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 302/34 (tried; acquitted 30-11-1994)", "Police Regulations Regulation 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable (No. 636)", "unit": "30th Battalion, SAF, Jagdalpur", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable (No. 636), 30th Battalion, SAF, Jagdalpur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Jagdalpur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/896474/photkooram-vs-state-of-mp-and-others/", "secondary_sources": [ "(2014) LabIC 693" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. SAF Constable (No. 636, 30th Battalion, Jagdalpur) was suspended after he allegedly left his duty post with others on the night of 21/22 October 1993, consumed liquor outside the police lines, and was then prosecuted for the murder of Head Constable. Though he was acquitted of murder on 30 November 1994, a departmental enquiry found grave indiscipline proved and he was dismissed from service on 10 December 1994, affirmed on departmental appeal on 21 February 1995. The Chhattisgarh High Court held that acquittal in the criminal trial does not bar departmental proceedings on the distinct question of conduct, and that leaving duty premises and consuming liquor while on duty in a disciplined force is grave misconduct warranting dismissal under Regulation 226. The Court found no illegality in the penalty or the appellate order and dismissed the writ petition. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "SAF Constable (No. 636, 30th Battalion, Jagdalpur) was suspended after he allegedly left his duty post with others on the night of 21/22 October 1993, consumed liquor outside the police lines, and was then prosecuted for the murder of Head Constable. Though he was acquitted of murder on 30 November 1994, a departmental enquiry found grave indiscipline proved and he was dismissed from service on 10 December 1994, affirmed on departmental appeal on 21 February 1995. The Chhattisgarh High Court held that acquittal in the criminal trial does not bar departmental proceedings on the distinct question of conduct, and that leaving duty premises and consuming liquor while on duty in a disciplined force is grave misconduct warranting dismissal under Regulation 226. The Court found no illegality in the penalty or the appellate order and dismissed the writ petition.", "court_quote": "If on that count the Disciplinary Authority proceeded to impose the penalty of dismissal from service, this Court does not find violation of provision contained in Regulation 226 of the Police Regulations.", "court_quote_para": "25", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "CG HC dismissed writ and upheld SAF constable's dismissal for leaving duty post and consuming liquor; murder acquittal held no bar to departmental action.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-09-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2014) LabIC 693; (2013) 09 CHH CK 0017", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/896474/photkooram-vs-state-of-mp-and-others/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "(2014) LabIC 693", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-118" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-77-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0033", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1258", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chhattisgarh Police Police Constable vs State of Madhya Pradesh (now Chhattisgarh)", "display_title_redacted": "Chhattisgarh Police Police Constable vs State of Madhya Pradesh (now Chhattisgarh)", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chhattisgarh Police Police Constable vs State of Madhya Pradesh (now Chhattisgarh)", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 194 of 2005", "citation": "(2015) LabIC 1428; (2014) 11 CHH CK 0050", "judges": [ "Navin Sinha" ], "judgment_date": "2014-11-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "1988-10-21", "incident_year": 1988, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": null, "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/899539/ravi-kumar-shrivastava-vs-state-of-madhya-pradesh-now-chhat/", "secondary_sources": [ "(2015) LabIC 1428" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Police Constable was served a three-charge memo on 3 April 1989 alleging 75 days of unauthorized absence from 21 October 1988 to 4 January 1989, uncultured language toward the department, and incorrigibility despite earlier punishments. He never participated in the departmental enquiry, which proceeded ex parte on five witnesses and eight documents and found charges 1 and 3 proved, leading to dismissal on 9 September 1989. He contended that regularization of the absence period against unearned leave wiped out the charge. The Chhattisgarh High Court held the regularization order merely adjusted leave and did not recall the dismissal, that the punishment was severably sustainable on charges 1 and 3, and that discipline in a uniformed service should not be lightly interfered with, dismissing the writ petition. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Police Constable was served a three-charge memo on 3 April 1989 alleging 75 days of unauthorized absence from 21 October 1988 to 4 January 1989, uncultured language toward the department, and incorrigibility despite earlier punishments. He never participated in the departmental enquiry, which proceeded ex parte on five witnesses and eight documents and found charges 1 and 3 proved, leading to dismissal on 9 September 1989. He contended that regularization of the absence period against unearned leave wiped out the charge. The Chhattisgarh High Court held the regularization order merely adjusted leave and did not recall the dismissal, that the punishment was severably sustainable on charges 1 and 3, and that discipline in a uniformed service should not be lightly interfered with, dismissing the writ petition.", "court_quote": "Discipline is the hallmark of an uniformed service. While a long period of absence for a civilian post may not have as serious consequence as a single day's absence can have for a uniformed force.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "CG HC sustained dismissal of police constable for 75 days unauthorized absence and incorrigibility; purely internal-discipline matter with no citizen victim.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-11-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2015) LabIC 1428; (2014) 11 CHH CK 0050", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/899539/ravi-kumar-shrivastava-vs-state-of-madhya-pradesh-now-chhat/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "(2015) LabIC 1428", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-118" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-77-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2016-0024", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0820", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Rajnandgaon Police Constable v. The State of Chhattisgarh & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Rajnandgaon Police Constable v. The State of Chhattisgarh & Ors.", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Rajnandgaon", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "District Force, Rajnandgaon", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Rajnandgaon Police Constable v. The State of Chhattisgarh & Ors.", "case_number": "WP No. 4080 of 2004", "citation": "(2016) 2 CLR 800; (2016) 150 FLR 265; (2016) LIC 2506", "judges": [ "Prashant Kumar Mishra" ], "judgment_date": "2016-04-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2016, "incident_date": "2002-09-21", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 376 (acquitted in ST No. 169/2002)", "CG Civil Services (Conduct) Rules 1965 r.3" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "District Force, Rajnandgaon", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, District Force, Rajnandgaon" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Rajnandgaon woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/163312776/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/899820/manoj-sharma-vs-the-state-of-cg-and-others/", "https://highcourt.cg.gov.in/Afr/courtJudgementandAFR/2016/April/wp4080of2004.pdf" ], "summary": "On 18 April 2016 the Chhattisgarh High Court (Prashant Kumar Mishra, J.) dismissed the writ petition of Constable of the District Force, Rajnandgaon, upholding his dismissal from service. The 2003 charge sheet alleged 43 days of unauthorised absence (21 September to 4 November 2002), an indecent act with a woman complainant tarnishing the force's image, and incorrigibility despite 12 prior punishments. The court held the indecent-behaviour charge was proved on the prosecutrix's independent deposition in the departmental enquiry and therefore unaffected by his acquittal under Section 376 IPC in Sessions Trial No. 169/2002, and that prolonged absence after release on bail was serious misconduct for a member of a disciplined force. A Division Bench dismissed his writ appeal in 2019 (WPC No. 2638/2019). No compensation was in issue. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 18 April 2016 the Chhattisgarh High Court (Prashant Kumar Mishra, J.) dismissed the writ petition of Constable of the District Force, Rajnandgaon, upholding his dismissal from service. The 2003 charge sheet alleged 43 days of unauthorised absence (21 September to 4 November 2002), an indecent act with a woman complainant tarnishing the force's image, and incorrigibility despite 12 prior punishments. The court held the indecent-behaviour charge was proved on the prosecutrix's independent deposition in the departmental enquiry and therefore unaffected by his acquittal under Section 376 IPC in Sessions Trial No. 169/2002, and that prolonged absence after release on bail was serious misconduct for a member of a disciplined force. A Division Bench dismissed his writ appeal in 2019 (WPC No. 2638/2019). No compensation was in issue.", "court_quote": "The disciplinary authority i.e. SP, Rajnandgaon concurred with the finding recorded by the enquiry officer and imposed punishment of dismissal from service.", "court_quote_para": "3", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Judgment verified via mirror + official HC PDF index; dismissal on all charges upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2016-04-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2016) 2 CLR 800; (2016) 150 FLR 265; (2016) LIC 2506", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/163312776/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/899820/manoj-sharma-vs-the-state-of-cg-and-others/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://highcourt.cg.gov.in/Afr/courtJudgementandAFR/2016/April/wp4080of2004.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-64" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-35-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2016-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0084", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Takhatpur Police Head Constable and others v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Takhatpur Police Head Constable and others v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Bilaspur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Takhatpur", "police_station_or_unit": "PS Takhatpur, Bilaspur", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Takhatpur Police Head Constable and others v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "Criminal Appeals No. 1080, 1082, 1136 and 1147 of 2001", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Deepak Gupta", "P. Sam Koshy" ], "judgment_date": "2016-09-28", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2016, "incident_date": "1992-01-06", "incident_year": 1992, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 34", "IPC 331" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "PS Takhatpur, Bilaspur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt56:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "unclear", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.18, "jev_p_culpable": 0.92, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, PS Takhatpur, Bilaspur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "PS Takhatpur, Bilaspur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_gpt56:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": "unclear", "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.4, "jev_p_culpable": 0.81, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, PS Takhatpur, Bilaspur" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Takhatpur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 10, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/99856664/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. A Takhatpur man, a labourer suspected of theft at his employer's house, was taken by PS Takhatpur police from his village on 5/6 January 1992 and beaten with lathis through the night at a school building in Bandha for 14-15 hours; he died en route to hospital. The trial court convicted two policemen and two civilians for murder. The Division Bench sustained the conviction but altered it from Section 302 to Section 304 Part II/34 IPC with ten years' rigorous imprisonment each, upheld the Section 331 IPC conviction for grievous hurt to extort confession, and set aside Section 149. The court relied on D.K. Basu in condemning the custodial torture; the incident predates Chhattisgarh's formation, when the area was in Madhya Pradesh. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Takhatpur man, a labourer suspected of theft at his employer's house, was taken by PS Takhatpur police from his village on 5/6 January 1992 and beaten with lathis through the night at a school building in Bandha for 14-15 hours; he died en route to hospital. The trial court convicted two policemen and two civilians for murder. The Division Bench sustained the conviction but altered it from Section 302 to Section 304 Part II/34 IPC with ten years' rigorous imprisonment each, upheld the Section 331 IPC conviction for grievous hurt to extort confession, and set aside Section 149. The court relied on D.K. Basu in condemning the custodial torture; the incident predates Chhattisgarh's formation, when the area was in Madhya Pradesh.", "court_quote": "We are dealing with a case where protectors and enforcers of law have taken the law into their own hands and they alongwith complainant party have beaten a tribal to death only on the suspicion of theft of some money.", "court_quote_para": "23", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "4 criminal appeals verified on Indian Kanoon; 302 to 304-II (10 yr RI), s.331 upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Chhattisgarh High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Chhattisgarh High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeals No. 1080, 1082, 1136 and 1147 of 2001", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2016-09-28", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeals No. 1080, 1082, 1136 and 1147 of 2001", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/99856664/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-r02", "chunk-r10" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-014", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0034", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0920", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chhattisgarh Police Constable v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Chhattisgarh Police Constable v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chhattisgarh Police Constable v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WA No. 412 of 2016", "citation": "(2019) 08 CHH CK 0011", "judges": [ "P. R. Ramachandra Menon", "Parth Prateem Sahu" ], "judgment_date": "2019-08-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2002-09-21", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Chhattisgarh Civil Services (CCA) Rules 1966 r.14(6)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": null, "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Chhattisgarh woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/118251262/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/1055613/manoj-sharma-appellant-hash-state-of-chhattisgarh-respondent/", "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=509102120200&title=manoj-sharma-vs-state-of-chhattisgarh" ], "summary": "The Division Bench dismissed police constable 's writ appeal against the Single Judge's order dated 18 April 2016, upholding his dismissal from service ordered on 11 March 2003. The court held all three departmental charges proved: 43 days of unauthorised absence, misbehaviour with a victim woman, and incorrigible conduct despite earlier punishments. It rejected his technical pleas about the enquiry procedure, finding no prejudice, and held that his acquittal in the related criminal case did not undo the departmental finding. The court found no illegality in the Single Judge's order and dismissed the appeal as sans merit.", "summary_verified": "The Division Bench dismissed police constable 's writ appeal against the Single Judge's order dated 18 April 2016, upholding his dismissal from service ordered on 11 March 2003. The court held all three departmental charges proved: 43 days of unauthorised absence, misbehaviour with a victim woman, and incorrigible conduct despite earlier punishments. It rejected his technical pleas about the enquiry procedure, finding no prejudice, and held that his acquittal in the related criminal case did not undo the departmental finding. The court found no illegality in the Single Judge's order and dismissed the appeal as sans merit.", "court_quote": "For the foregoing discussion, we do not find any illegality or infirmity in the impugned order passed by learned Single Judge warranting interference by this Court in exercise of its appellate jurisdiction. The writ appeal sans merit and is accordingly dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "DB dismissed constable's writ appeal; dismissal from service upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-08-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2019) 08 CHH CK 0011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/118251262/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/1055613/manoj-sharma-appellant-hash-state-of-chhattisgarh-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=509102120200&title=manoj-sharma-vs-state-of-chhattisgarh", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-r02" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2020-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1265", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "District Police Ex-Constable No. 598 vs State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "District Police Ex-Constable No. 598 vs State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Kanker", "district_at_time": "Uttar Bastar Kanker", "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "District Police, Uttar Bastar Kanker", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "District Police Ex-Constable No. 598 vs State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "Writ Appeal No. 57 of 2020", "citation": null, "judges": [ "P. R. Ramachandra Menon", "Parth Prateem Sahu" ], "judgment_date": "2020-01-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2020, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Ex-Constable No. 598", "unit": "District Police, Uttar Bastar Kanker", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Ex-Constable No. 598, District Police, Uttar Bastar Kanker" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/wa5720210120watermark-1586475.pdf", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Constable applied to add his second wife and minor child as nominees in his service record, admitting he contracted a second marriage during the subsistence of the first without prior government permission. A charge-sheet issued under the Chhattisgarh Civil Services (Conduct) Rules 1965, the enquiry found misconduct under Rule 22(1), and he was removed from service; the appeal, mercy appeal and writ petition all failed. The Division Bench held Rule 22(1) categorically requires prior permission, and the first wife's consent and voluntary disclosure do not lessen the gravity given the greater responsibility on uniformed personnel. It found the punishment not disproportionate and dismissed the writ appeal.", "summary_verified": "Constable applied to add his second wife and minor child as nominees in his service record, admitting he contracted a second marriage during the subsistence of the first without prior government permission. A charge-sheet issued under the Chhattisgarh Civil Services (Conduct) Rules 1965, the enquiry found misconduct under Rule 22(1), and he was removed from service; the appeal, mercy appeal and writ petition all failed. The Division Bench held Rule 22(1) categorically requires prior permission, and the first wife's consent and voluntary disclosure do not lessen the gravity given the greater responsibility on uniformed personnel. It found the punishment not disproportionate and dismissed the writ appeal.", "court_quote": "The writ appeal being devoid of merit, is liable to be and is hereby dismissed.", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Removal for second marriage without government permission upheld in writ appeal.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2020-01-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "Writ Appeal No. 57 of 2020", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/wa5720210120watermark-1586475.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-119" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-79-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0018", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0596", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0922" ], "display_title": "Minpa Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Minpa Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Sukma", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Minpa", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Chintagupha", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Minpa Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "case_number": "WPCR No. 579 of 2022", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Rajani Dubey" ], "judgment_date": "2023-07-14", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2021-07-01", "incident_year": 2021, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Police Station Chintagupha, Sukma", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.68, "jev_p_culpable": 0.24, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Police Station Chintagupha, Sukma" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Police Station Chintagupha, Sukma", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer, Police Station Chintagupha, Sukma" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 30, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Minpa man, age 30" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/wpcr579221407232-1528923.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/chhattisgarh-high-court-1-lakh-compensation-man-wrongfully-jailed-same-name-accused", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/chhattisgarh-hc-orders-state-to-pay-rs-100000-compensation-for-wrongful-detention-1488464", "https://images.assettype.com/barandbench-hindi/2023-08/d851f102-d92e-4fb4-8d1c-dd8e2ca84e40/Podiyaami_Bhima_v_State___Ors.pdf", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/181475259/", "https://www.verdictum.in/amp/court-updates/high-courts/chhattisgarh-hc-orders-state-to-pay-rs-100000-compensation-for-wrongful-detention-1488464" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. A Minpa man (about 30), of Minpa village under PS Chintagupha, Sukma, was arrested on a wrong identity, sharing his name with a wanted accused, though not wanted in any criminal case, and spent 7 months 26 days in Dantewada jail. The Additional Sessions Judge, Dantewada released him on 3 March 2022, finding the detention illegal and directing SP action against the erring personnel. Before the High Court the State admitted the illegal detention. A Division Bench of Chief Justice Ramesh Sinha and Justice Rajani Dubey directed the State to pay Rs.1,00,000 compensation within two months, noting ASI had died during the departmental enquiry. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Minpa man (about 30), of Minpa village under PS Chintagupha, Sukma, was arrested on a wrong identity, sharing his name with a wanted accused, though not wanted in any criminal case, and spent 7 months 26 days in Dantewada jail. The Additional Sessions Judge, Dantewada released him on 3 March 2022, finding the detention illegal and directing SP action against the erring personnel. Before the High Court the State admitted the illegal detention. A Division Bench of Chief Justice Ramesh Sinha and Justice Rajani Dubey directed the State to pay Rs.1,00,000 compensation within two months, noting ASI had died during the departmental enquiry.", "court_quote": "Taking into consideration the great harm done to the petitioner by the State authorities, he has to remain in jail for a period of about 8 months whereas he was not wanted in any criminal case and was arrested on a wrong identity and he was released by the learned Additional Session Judge vide order dated 03.03.2022 who has observed in the order about the careless act of the erring police officers and directed the SP concerned to take action against the police personnel concerned, we are of the opinion that State has to pay compensation of Rs.1,00,000/- to the petitioner for illegal detention within a period of two months.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "CG HC awarded Rs.1L for ~8-month wrong-identity detention; order text verified, State admission recorded.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-07-14", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "WPCR No. 579 of 2022", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] }, { "date": "2026-09-25", "scope": "Audit fix: duplicate record CW-2023-0046 (same court, case number and judgment date) merged into this record; its sources are kept here and its URL redirects here." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-25", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/wpcr579221407232-1528923.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/chhattisgarh-high-court-1-lakh-compensation-man-wrongfully-jailed-same-name-accused", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/chhattisgarh-hc-orders-state-to-pay-rs-100000-compensation-for-wrongful-detention-1488464", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-41" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-014", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0087", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1441" ], "display_title": "Bilaspur Woman and Another v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Bilaspur Woman and Another v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Bilaspur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bilaspur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Civil Line, Bilaspur", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bilaspur Woman and Another v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPCR No. 399 of 2023", "citation": "2024:CGHC:10103-DB; 2024 LiveLaw (Chh) 12", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Ravindra Kumar Agrawal" ], "judgment_date": "2024-03-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2023-09-16", "incident_year": 2023, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 151", "CrPC 107", "CrPC 116(3)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officers including SHO", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Civil Line Police Station, Bilaspur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officers including SHO, Civil Line Police Station, Bilaspur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": 55, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Bilaspur woman, age 55" }, { "age": 26, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Bilaspur woman, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/WPCR399_2319.03.24_6.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-3-lakh-compensation-mother-daughter-illegal-arrest-30-hour-detention-255722", "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/anju-lal-and-another-vs-state-of-chhattisgarh-and-others-chhattisgarh-high-court-535228.pdf" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Rewrite: attribute home-arrest/no-grounds claims to petitioners (paras 3-4), add State version (paras 12-13: spot arrest 3:30pm, son intimated), state violation as s.107(1) show-cause failure (para 23). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Rewrite: attribute home-arrest/no-grounds claims to petitioners (paras 3-4), add State version (paras 12-13: spot arrest 3:30pm, son intimated), state violation as s.107(1) show-cause failure (para 23).", "court_quote": "The above facts clearly reveal that the right of life and liberty of the petitioners enshrined under Article 21 of the Constitution of India has been violated, therefore, the petitioners are entitled to get appropriate compensation.", "court_quote_para": "23", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Illegal arrest and 30-hour detention of mother-daughter; Rs 3L total compensation allowed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-03-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024:CGHC:10103-DB; 2024 LiveLaw (Chh) 12", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "sections", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/WPCR399_2319.03.24_6.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-3-lakh-compensation-mother-daughter-illegal-arrest-30-hour-detention-255722", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/anju-lal-and-another-vs-state-of-chhattisgarh-and-others-chhattisgarh-high-court-535228.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-36", "chunk-44" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-017", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0040", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0921", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chindali Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Chindali Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Kondagaon", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Chindali", "police_station_or_unit": "PS Bade Dongar, Kondagaon", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Chindali Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPCR No. 322 of 2023", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Ravindra Kumar Agrawal" ], "judgment_date": "2024-07-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2023-01-07", "incident_year": 2023, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 151", "CrPC 107", "CrPC 116(3)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "SHO", "unit": "PS Bade Dongar, Kondagaon", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "SHO, PS Bade Dongar, Kondagaon" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 45, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Chindali man, age 45" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/37245818/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Replace bond sentence with: 'without the prior show-cause required by s.107(1) CrPC (para 15)'; add State contention (para 7: arrest on suspicion, bond default, denial of illegality). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Replace bond sentence with: 'without the prior show-cause required by s.107(1) CrPC (para 15)'; add State contention (para 7: arrest on suspicion, bond default, denial of illegality).", "court_quote": "We deem it fit to award compensation of Rs.25,000/- to the petitioner, and same shall be payable by the State Government to the petitioner within a period of 30 days from today.", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Illegal arrest on mere suspicion under s.107 CrPC; Article 21 violation and Rs 25,000 compensation verified.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-07-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "WPCR No. 322 of 2023", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/37245818/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-r02" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0027", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0728", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Dabhra Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Dabhra Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Sakti", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Dabhra", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Dabhra; Executive Magistrate Chhapora, Malkharoda", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Dabhra Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPCR No. 137 of 2024", "citation": "2024:CGHC:30603-DB", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Ravindra Kumar Agrawal" ], "judgment_date": "2024-08-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2024-02-07", "incident_year": 2024, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC s.151", "CrPC s.107", "CrPC s.116(3)", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer", "unit": "PS Dabhra, Sakti", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:unclear", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "unclear", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.83, "jev_p_culpable": 0.25, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer, PS Dabhra, Sakti" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Naib Tahsildar (In-charge Executive Magistrate)", "unit": "Up-Tahsil Chhapora, Malkharoda", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.04, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Naib Tahsildar (In-charge Executive Magistrate), Up-Tahsil Chhapora, Malkharoda" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 37, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Dabhra man, age 37" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/5993399/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Replace tagline with State contention (para 5: arrest on suspicion, surety default, denial of illegality). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Replace tagline with State contention (para 5: arrest on suspicion, surety default, denial of illegality).", "court_quote": "Above facts clearly reveal that the right of life and liberty of the petitioner enshrined under Article 21 of the Constitution of India has been violated, therefore, petitioner is entitled to get appropriate compensation.", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Chhattisgarh HC DB order verified on Indian Kanoon; Rs 25,000 for s.107 remand without show-cause matches.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-08-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024:CGHC:30603-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "sections", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/5993399/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-53" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-086", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0020", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0083", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Raipur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Raipur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Raipur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Raipur", "police_station_or_unit": "Central Jail, Raipur (then-SHO, Raipur found negligent in departmental enquiry)", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Raipur Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPC No. 1450 of 2013", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Amitendra Kishore Prasad" ], "judgment_date": "2024-11-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "1999-03-22", "incident_year": 1999, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 32" ], "officers": [], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Raipur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/2960264/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Replace tagline with State case (paras 5, 7: suicide by Salphas tablet, no atrocity, DE ongoing against SHO); attribute third-degree passage to the court (para 15). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Replace tagline with State case (paras 5, 7: suicide by Salphas tablet, no atrocity, DE ongoing against SHO); attribute third-degree passage to the court (para 15).", "court_quote": "When the person is taking into custody, it is the paramount duty of the police to keep him safely. If there is any dereliction of that duty, then undoubtedly the onus will be on the police to show that there was no negligence on their part.", "court_quote_para": "17", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Police-negligence finding + Rs 3L compensation verified; district corrected to Raipur (death in Central Jail Raipur; Mungeli was petitioners' residence).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-11-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "WPC No. 1450 of 2013", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/2960264/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-r02", "chunk-r10" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0078", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1457" ], "display_title": "Korba Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Korba Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Korba", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Korba", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Darri, Korba", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Korba Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "case_number": "WPCR No. 503 of 2024", "citation": "2025:CGHC:23811-DB", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Bibhu Datta Guru" ], "judgment_date": "2025-06-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2024-01-01", "incident_year": 2024, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer", "unit": "Police Station Civil Line Rampur, Korba", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer, Police Station Civil Line Rampur, Korba" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer staff", "unit": "Police Station Darri, Korba", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer staff, Police Station Darri, Korba" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 27, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Korba man, age 27" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/prema-haththel-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-13-june-2025-605349.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-orders-compensation-custodial-death-case-295245", "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/13.06.2025-Chhattisgarh-High-Court-Awards-₹2-Lakh-Compensation-in-Custodial-Death-Case-of-Suraj-Haththel.pdf", "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/custodial-death-chhattisgarh-hc-orders-2-lakh-compensation-to-mother-slams-state-for-rights-violation-1403749", "https://24law.in/story/chhattisgarh-hc-slams-state-over-custodial-death-calls-injury-theory-a-fabrication-and-awards-compensation-for-breach-of-fundamental-rights", "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/13.06.2025-Chhattisgarh-High-Court-Awards-%E2%82%B92-Lakh-Compensation-in-Custodial-Death-Case-of-Suraj-Haththel.pdf" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Replace tagline with State contention (fall on railway line) and its rejection on post-mortem/CCTV grounds. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Replace tagline with State contention (fall on railway line) and its rejection on post-mortem/CCTV grounds.", "court_quote": "The State being the employer of the employees on account of whose negligence the death of deceased took place, is liable to pay such compensation to the petitioners.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Chhattisgarh HC held State liable for a Korba man's custodial death; Rs 2 lakh compensation in 8 weeks.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-06-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2025:CGHC:23811-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "court_quote_para", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/prema-haththel-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-13-june-2025-605349.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-orders-compensation-custodial-death-case-295245", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/13.06.2025-Chhattisgarh-High-Court-Awards-₹2-Lakh-Compensation-in-Custodial-Death-Case-of-Suraj-Haththel.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/custodial-death-chhattisgarh-hc-orders-2-lakh-compensation-to-mother-slams-state-for-rights-violation-1403749", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://24law.in/story/chhattisgarh-hc-slams-state-over-custodial-death-calls-injury-theory-a-fabrication-and-awards-compensation-for-breach-of-fundamental-rights", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/13.06.2025-Chhattisgarh-High-Court-Awards-%E2%82%B92-Lakh-Compensation-in-Custodial-Death-Case-of-Suraj-Haththel.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-47", "chunk-r02", "chunk-r10" ], "merged_case_id": "WEST---CENTRAL-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0752", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gaindatola, village Khoratola Police Constable vs State of Chhattisgarh & Others", "display_title_redacted": "Gaindatola, village Khoratola Police Constable vs State of Chhattisgarh & Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Rajnandgaon", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Gaindatola, village Khoratola", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Gaindatola", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gaindatola, village Khoratola Police Constable vs State of Chhattisgarh & Others", "case_number": "WA No. 372 of 2025 (arising from WPS No. 285 of 2012)", "citation": "2025:CGHC:25555-DB", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Bibhu Datta Guru" ], "judgment_date": "2025-06-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2009-02-06", "incident_year": 2009, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "PS Gaindatola, Rajnandgaon", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, PS Gaindatola, Rajnandgaon" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Gaindatola, village Khoratola resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/chhatrapal-sahu-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-others-606859.pdf", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Drop/replace tagline: the proved departmental charge (charge-sheet, IO report, appellate finding) is the institutional case and is fully recorded. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Drop/replace tagline: the proved departmental charge (charge-sheet, IO report, appellate finding) is the institutional case and is fully recorded.", "court_quote": "there is some evidence to prove the said charges, the charges were rightly proved and the punishment awarded is just and proper.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Chhattisgarh HC (DB) dismissed writ appeal and upheld removal of constable for demanding Rs. 5,000 bribe.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-06-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2025:CGHC:25555-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/chhatrapal-sahu-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-others-606859.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-02", "chunk-r01" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0041", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1269", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "CRPF Constable v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "CRPF Constable v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Bijapur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Basaguda", "police_station_or_unit": "CRPF 168th Battalion camp, Basaguda", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "CRPF Constable v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "CRA No. 1950 of 2024", "citation": "2025:CGHC:25748-DB; 2025 LiveLaw (Chh) 60", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Bibhu Datta Guru" ], "judgment_date": "2025-06-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2017-12-09", "incident_year": 2017, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 307", "Arms Act 25(1B)(a)", "Arms Act 27(1)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "CRPF 168th Battalion, G Company, Basaguda, Bijapur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, CRPF 168th Battalion, G Company, Basaguda, Bijapur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Basaguda resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Basaguda resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Basaguda resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Basaguda resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Basaguda resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 5, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "central_armed", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/display--longworkinghours-606479.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-upholds-conviction-crpf-constable-murder-of-four-personnel-strenuous-conditions-naxal-area-295755", "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2025/06/27/chhattisgarh-hc-upholds-conviction-crpf-personnel-killed-colleagues/", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/chhattisgarh-high-court/crpf-constable-murder-four-colleagues-sant-kumar-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-2025cghc25748-db-1582498" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Drop/replace tagline with defence plea (conversion to s.304, stress/leave) and its rejection (para 32). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Drop/replace tagline with defence plea (conversion to s.304, stress/leave) and its rejection (para 32).", "court_quote": "From the analysis of the deposition made by the prosecution witnesses, we are of the considered opinion that the prosecution has been successful in proving its case beyond reasonable doubt and the learned trial Court has not committed any legal or factual error in arriving at the finding with regard to the guilt of the appellant/convict.", "court_quote_para": "33", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Conviction of CRPF constable for murder of four colleagues upheld; victims were fellow personnel, not civilians.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Chhattisgarh High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Chhattisgarh High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2025:CGHC:25748-DB; 2025 LiveLaw (Chh) 60", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2025-06-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2025:CGHC:25748-DB; 2025 LiveLaw (Chh) 60", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/display--longworkinghours-606479.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-upholds-conviction-crpf-constable-murder-of-four-personnel-strenuous-conditions-naxal-area-295755", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2025/06/27/chhattisgarh-hc-upholds-conviction-crpf-personnel-killed-colleagues/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/chhattisgarh-high-court/crpf-constable-murder-four-colleagues-sant-kumar-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-2025cghc25748-db-1582498", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-120" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-81-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0032", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0669", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mulmula Police Station House Officer and others vs State of Chhattisgarh (Mulmula Police personnel vs State of Chhattisgarh)", "display_title_redacted": "Mulmula Police Station House Officer and others vs State of Chhattisgarh (Mulmula Police personnel vs State of Chhattisgarh)", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Janjgir-Champa", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mulmula", "police_station_or_unit": "Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mulmula Police Station House Officer and others vs State of Chhattisgarh (Mulmula Police personnel vs State of Chhattisgarh)", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 611/2019, 705/2019, 681/2019, 609/2019 with Acquittal Appeal No. 676/2019", "citation": "2025:CGHC:34873-DB", "judges": [ "Sanjay K. Agrawal", "Deepak Kumar Tiwari" ], "judgment_date": "2025-07-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2016-09-17", "incident_year": 2016, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer", "unit": "Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer, Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sainik", "unit": "Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sainik, Mulmula Police Station, Janjgir-Champa" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mulmula man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 10, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://highcourt.cg.gov.in/hcbspjudgement/judgements_web_hindi/CRA611_19(22.07.25).pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://24law.in/story/cruel-police-torture-led-to-custodial-death-chhattisgarh-high-court-calls-it-an-intolerable-betrayal" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Replace 'merciless beating' with attributed wording; replace tagline with defence (mob assault, expert doubt, para 9+) and its rejection. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Replace 'merciless beating' with attributed wording; replace tagline with defence (mob assault, expert doubt, para 9+) and its rejection.", "court_quote": "उन्हें दिया गया आजीवन कारावास का दंडादेश अपास्त किया जाता है और इस परिवर्तित दोषसिद्धि के लिए उन्हें दस वर्ष के कठोर कारावास से दंडादिष्ट किया जाता है।", "court_quote_para": "35", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "DB Hindi judgment PDF verified; 302/34 altered to 304-II/34, 10 years RI each for 4 policemen.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Chhattisgarh High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Chhattisgarh High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2025:CGHC:34873-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2025-07-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2025:CGHC:34873-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://highcourt.cg.gov.in/hcbspjudgement/judgements_web_hindi/CRA611_19(22.07.25).pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://24law.in/story/cruel-police-torture-led-to-custodial-death-chhattisgarh-high-court-calls-it-an-intolerable-betrayal", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-52" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP12-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0033", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0753", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0670" ], "display_title": "Dhamtari Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Dhamtari Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Dhamtari", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "PS Arjuni", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Dhamtari Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPCR No. 373 of 2025", "citation": "2025:CGHC:49571-DB", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Bibhu Datta Guru" ], "judgment_date": "2025-10-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2025-03-31", "incident_year": 2025, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "SHO", "unit": "PS Arjuni, Dhamtari", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "SHO, PS Arjuni, Dhamtari" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 41, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Dhamtari man, age 41" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2025_oct_17170_1_2025_10_06.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/states/chhattisgarh/high-court’s-landmark-decision-state-held-responsible-for-death-in/article-6131" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. The Division Bench allowed the writ petition of Durga Devi Katholiya, holding the State liable for the custodial death of her 41-year-old husband [name withheld] at PS Arjuni, Dhamtari. The court found he was hale and hearty when produced before the CJM at 5 p.m. on 31 March 2025 but was declared dead three hours later with 24 ante-mortem injuries, the cause of death being asphyxia. It held the death was the result of custodial violence and police atrocities in breach of Article 21, and directed Rs 3 lakh to the widow (for herself and two minor children) and Rs 1 lakh each to the parents within eight weeks, with 9% interest on default. The court also directed sensitisation of police personnel and strict adherence to the D.K. Basu guidelines. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Division Bench allowed the writ petition of Durga Devi Katholiya, holding the State liable for the custodial death of her 41-year-old husband [name withheld] at PS Arjuni, Dhamtari. The court found he was hale and hearty when produced before the CJM at 5 p.m. on 31 March 2025 but was declared dead three hours later with 24 ante-mortem injuries, the cause of death being asphyxia. It held the death was the result of custodial violence and police atrocities in breach of Article 21, and directed Rs 3 lakh to the widow (for herself and two minor children) and Rs 1 lakh each to the parents within eight weeks, with 9% interest on default. The court also directed sensitisation of police personnel and strict adherence to the D.K. Basu guidelines.", "court_quote": "These circumstances leave no manner of doubt that the death was not natural but the result of custodial violence and police atrocities, in complete breach of the guarantee under Article 21 of the Constitution of India.", "court_quote_para": "28", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held death result of custodial violence; Rs 5 lakh compensation to family.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-10-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2025:CGHC:49571-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://lawtrend.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2025_oct_17170_1_2025_10_06.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/states/chhattisgarh/high-court’s-landmark-decision-state-held-responsible-for-death-in/article-6131", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-52", "chunk-r02" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP12-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0079", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1448", "CWC-1458" ], "display_title": "Bhilai Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Bhilai Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Durg", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bhilai", "police_station_or_unit": "PS Smriti Nagar", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bhilai Man v. State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPCR No. 553 of 2025", "citation": "2026:CGHC:3546-DB", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Ravindra Kumar Agrawal" ], "judgment_date": "2026-01-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2025-09-08", "incident_year": 2025, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "BNSS 170" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Thana In-Charge", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear", "redteam:cause_title_only_no_finding" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Thana In-Charge, Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear", "redteam:cause_title_only_no_finding" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear", "redteam:cause_title_only_no_finding" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.9, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear", "redteam:cause_title_only_no_finding" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.9, "jev_p_culpable": 0.06, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_gemapi:unclear", "key2_openrouter:unclear", "redteam:cause_title_only_no_finding" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": "unclear", "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Smriti Nagar Police Station, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Station House Officer", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Supela Police Station, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Station House Officer, Supela Police Station, Durg" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 30, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Bhilai man, age 30" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://s3.ap-southeast-1.wasabisys.com/static-images/20260123115702af1918.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-compensation-law-student-illegal-arrest-520161", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/chhattisgarh-high-court/akash-kumar-sahu-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-through-the-secretary-department-of-home-neutral-citation-2026cghc3546-db-arrest-detention-hotelier-remand-judicial-magistrate-1605338", "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2047000055320256watermark-1766469.pdf", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/194318630/", "https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/states/chhattisgarh/high-court-fines-police-%E2%82%B91-lakh-for-illegal-hotel-raid/article-12902" ], "summary": "The Division Bench held that law student and Bhilai hotel operator [name withheld] was subjected to an illegal hotel raid at Kohka on 8 September 2025, arrest without FIR on mere suspicion, and mechanical remand, establishing illegal arrest, unlawful detention and unwarranted incarceration in breach of Article 21. The court awarded Rs 1 lakh compensation as public-law remedy within four weeks (9% interest on default), recoverable from the erring Smriti Nagar officials after due inquiry. It quashed the preventive order dated 8 September 2025, the istagasha and criminal case No. 1379/2025, lamenting that illegal arrest and custodial violence erode public trust. Subcategory corrected from custodial_torture: the court's concluded findings concern illegal arrest and detention. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Division Bench held that law student and Bhilai hotel operator [name withheld] was subjected to an illegal hotel raid at Kohka on 8 September 2025, arrest without FIR on mere suspicion, and mechanical remand, establishing illegal arrest, unlawful detention and unwarranted incarceration in breach of Article 21. The court awarded Rs 1 lakh compensation as public-law remedy within four weeks (9% interest on default), recoverable from the erring Smriti Nagar officials after due inquiry. It quashed the preventive order dated 8 September 2025, the istagasha and criminal case No. 1379/2025, lamenting that illegal arrest and custodial violence erode public trust. Subcategory corrected from custodial_torture: the court's concluded findings concern illegal arrest and detention.", "court_quote": "Above being the position of fact and law, we have no hesitation in holding that the petitioner, along with his parents has suffered severe mental, emotional, and financial hardship due to illegal detention.", "court_quote_para": "23", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held hotel raid/arrest/detention illegal; Rs 1L compensation; proceedings quashed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-01-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2026:CGHC:3546-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://s3.ap-southeast-1.wasabisys.com/static-images/20260123115702af1918.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court-compensation-law-student-illegal-arrest-520161", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/chhattisgarh-high-court/akash-kumar-sahu-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-through-the-secretary-department-of-home-neutral-citation-2026cghc3546-db-arrest-detention-hotelier-remand-judicial-magistrate-1605338", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2047000055320256watermark-1766469.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/194318630/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://english.dainikjagranmpcg.com/states/chhattisgarh/high-court-fines-police-%E2%82%B91-lakh-for-illegal-hotel-raid/article-12902", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-44", "chunk-53", "chunk-r02", "chunk-r10" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-022", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0080", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1358", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Durg Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Durg Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Durg", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela", "court": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "bench": null, "case_title": "Durg Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPCR No. 11 of 2026", "citation": "2026:CGHC:3546-DB", "judges": [ "[name withheld]", "[name withheld]" ], "judgment_date": "2026-01-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2025-10-22", "incident_year": 2025, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Article 21 Constitution of India", "Article 22 Constitution of India", "Arnesh Kumar v State of Bihar", "Satender Kumar Antil v CBI", "D.K. Basu v State of West Bengal", "Section 35 BNSS", "Section 187 BNSS" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "SHO", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "SHO, Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "CSP", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "PS Supela, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "CSP, PS Supela, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "ASI", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "ASI, Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, PS Supela, Durg" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Durg man" }, { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Durg man" }, { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Durg man" }, { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Durg man" }, { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Durg man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 5, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/144541158/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court found serious procedural lapses and irregularities by police officials at Smriti Nagar Chowki, Durg. The petitioners were illegally detained, subjected to physical and mental torture, handcuffed illegally, paraded on public roads, and forced to shout humiliating slogans. The SHO appeared unauthorizedly during bail proceedings, prompting adverse judicial observations. The Court directed the DGP to examine the SHO's conduct, take disciplinary measures if warranted, issue standing instructions to all units against deviation from constitutional safeguards, and sensitize police personnel on Arnesh Kumar, Satender Kumar Antil, and D.K. Basu guidelines.", "summary_verified": "The High Court found serious procedural lapses and irregularities by police officials at Smriti Nagar Chowki, Durg. The petitioners were illegally detained, subjected to physical and mental torture, handcuffed illegally, paraded on public roads, and forced to shout humiliating slogans. The SHO appeared unauthorizedly during bail proceedings, prompting adverse judicial observations. The Court directed the DGP to examine the SHO's conduct, take disciplinary measures if warranted, issue standing instructions to all units against deviation from constitutional safeguards, and sensitize police personnel on Arnesh Kumar, Satender Kumar Antil, and D.K. Basu guidelines.", "court_quote": "This Court records its serious concern and strong disapproval of the manner in which respondent No.2, Station House Officer, Police Chowki Smriti Nagar, Police Station Supela, District Durg (C.G.), appears to have acted, revealing a casual and hasty approach in the exercise of police powers, in clear disregard of the constitutional safeguards and procedural mandates governing arrest, detention and treatment of citizens.", "court_quote_para": "Paragraph 31", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "court_quote.text names a police officer by personal name (Shri [name withheld]) in violation of privacy rule requiring redaction of officer names in any field; rank/unit verification otherwise matches respondents 2-8", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-01-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "2026:CGHC:3546-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/144541158/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-ct-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-ct-hc-2", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0079", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1357", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Balodabazar-Bhatapara Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Balodabazar-Bhatapara Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Balodabazar-Bhatapara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station City Kotwali, Balodabazar", "court": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "bench": null, "case_title": "Balodabazar-Bhatapara Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "CRMP No. 669 of 2026", "citation": "2026:CGHC:13121-DB", "judges": [ "[name withheld]", "[name withheld]" ], "judgment_date": "2026-03-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2025-04-29", "incident_year": 2025, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Section 6 of Chhattisgarh Gambling (Prohibition) Act, 2022", "Article 226 Constitution of India" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Station City Kotwali, Balodabazar", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Police Station City Kotwali, Balodabazar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Investigating Officer", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Police Station City Kotwali, Balodabazar", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Investigating Officer, Police Station City Kotwali, Balodabazar" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Balodabazar-Bhatapara man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/121601686/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court quashed FIR No. 0425/2025 dated 29.04.2025 and chargesheet No. 453/2025 under Section 6 of Chhattisgarh Gambling (Prohibition) Act, 2022 against the petitioner, finding he was implicated solely on the custodial memorandum statement of co-accused [name withheld] recorded at 10:30 hours before the petitioner's arrest shown at 11:00 hours on 01.05.2025, with no recovery from petitioner. The Court held it indicates a mala fide exercise of power and abuse of process, noting prior clean acquittals, externment proceedings rejected, and a prior FIR quashed vide order dated 06.08.2025 in CRMP No. 1024/2022.", "summary_verified": "The High Court quashed FIR No. 0425/2025 dated 29.04.2025 and chargesheet No. 453/2025 under Section 6 of Chhattisgarh Gambling (Prohibition) Act, 2022 against the petitioner, finding he was implicated solely on the custodial memorandum statement of co-accused [name withheld] recorded at 10:30 hours before the petitioner's arrest shown at 11:00 hours on 01.05.2025, with no recovery from petitioner. The Court held it indicates a mala fide exercise of power and abuse of process, noting prior clean acquittals, externment proceedings rejected, and a prior FIR quashed vide order dated 06.08.2025 in CRMP No. 1024/2022.", "court_quote": "The undisputed position which emerges from the record is that the present petitioner has been implicated in the crime in question solely on the basis of the memorandum statement of co-accused, namely [name withheld], recorded during police custody. It is well-settled that a memorandum or confessional statement of a co-accused, by itself, does not constitute substantive evidence and cannot be made the sole basis for implicating another accused.", "court_quote_para": "Paragraph 15-16", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "sections lists Section 482 CrPC; source excerpt cites Section 6 of Chhattisgarh Gambling (Prohibition) Act 2022 with Article 226, Section 262 BNSS / Section 482 (BNSS era), not 482 CrPC; officers lists generic Head Constable + Investigating Officer; source names one Head Constable by personal name (correctly redacted in data) and otherwise refers to investigating agency generally with mala fide finding", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-03-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "2026:CGHC:13121-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/121601686/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-ct-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-ct-hc-1", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0030", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0754", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0633" ], "display_title": "Gharghoda Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Gharghoda Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Raigarh", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Gharghoda", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Gharghoda", "court": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "court_as_verified": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gharghoda Man v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "case_number": "WPCR No. 564 of 2025", "citation": "2026:CGHC:30886-DB; 2026 LiveLaw (Chh) 87", "judges": [ "Ramesh Sinha", "Ravindra Kumar Agrawal" ], "judgment_date": "2026-07-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2025-10-25", "incident_year": 2025, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "BNSS 170", "BNSS 126", "BNSS 135(3)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "SHO", "unit": "Police Station Gharghoda, Raigarh", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "SHO, Police Station Gharghoda, Raigarh" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": 49, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gharghoda man, age 49" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/07/28/ashraf-beg-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-ors-689784.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court/compensation-illegal-detention-jail-despite-furnishing-bail-bond-543308" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Chhattisgarh High Court records the following account. Summoned to Police Station Gharghoda, Raigarh, a Gharghoda man was arrested merely on suspicion though no cognizable or non-bailable offence was made out, and an Ishtgasa under BNSS ss.170/126 was prepared on 25 October 2025. Although the Executive Magistrate ordered his release on a Rs.1 lakh bond and he furnished it, the bond was sent for verification and he spent about four days in judicial custody before release. The Chhattisgarh High Court held that a person arrested merely on suspicion where only a bailable case exists must be released on bail and cannot be remanded to custody. The Court held the detention violated the petitioner's Article 21 right to life and liberty, allowed the writ petition, and directed the State to pay Rs.25,000 compensation within 30 days, citing D.K. Basu, Nilabati Behera and Sube Singh. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Summoned to Police Station Gharghoda, Raigarh, a Gharghoda man was arrested merely on suspicion though no cognizable or non-bailable offence was made out, and an Ishtgasa under BNSS ss.170/126 was prepared on 25 October 2025. Although the Executive Magistrate ordered his release on a Rs.1 lakh bond and he furnished it, the bond was sent for verification and he spent about four days in judicial custody before release. The Chhattisgarh High Court held that a person arrested merely on suspicion where only a bailable case exists must be released on bail and cannot be remanded to custody. The Court held the detention violated the petitioner's Article 21 right to life and liberty, allowed the writ petition, and directed the State to pay Rs.25,000 compensation within 30 days, citing D.K. Basu, Nilabati Behera and Sube Singh.", "court_quote": "The above facts clearly reveal that the right of life and liberty of the petitioner enshrined under Article 21 of the Constitution of India has been violated, therefore, the petitioner is entitled to get appropriate compensation.", "court_quote_para": "16", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Illegal arrest on suspicion and 4-day custody despite furnished bail bond; Article 21 violation with Rs.25,000 compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-07-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Chhattisgarh High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Chhattisgarh High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2026:CGHC:30886-DB; 2026 LiveLaw (Chh) 87", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "secondary_sources", "sections" ] }, { "date": "2026-09-25", "scope": "Two unrelated sources removed (a 2010 Kerala judgment in a different, 1970 case and an encyclopedia page about that case); the record rests on the Chhattisgarh High Court order in WPCR No. 564 of 2025." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/07/28/ashraf-beg-v-state-of-chhattisgarh-ors-689784.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/chhattisgarh-high-court/compensation-illegal-detention-jail-despite-furnishing-bail-bond-543308", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/533795/lakshmana-k-ips-appellant-hash-cbi-and-another-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arikkad_Varghese", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-120", "chunk-47", "chunk-48" ], "merged_case_id": "WEST---CENTRAL-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0080", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Seepat Man and Others v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Seepat Man and Others v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Bilaspur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Seepat", "police_station_or_unit": "PS Seepat; Central Jail, Bilaspur", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Seepat Man and Others v. State of Chhattisgarh and Others", "case_number": "SLP (Crl.) No. 728 of 2026", "citation": "2026 INSC 840; 2026 SCC OnLine SC 1550; 2026 LiveLaw (SC) 794", "judges": [ "Vikram Nath", "Sandeep Mehta" ], "judgment_date": "2026-08-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2024-01-22", "incident_year": 2024, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "PS Seepat; Central Jail, Bilaspur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, PS Seepat; Central Jail, Bilaspur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 34, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Seepat man, age 34" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 2500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.sci.gov.in/sci-get-pdf/?diary_no=489632025&type=j&order_date=2026-08-12&from=latest_judgements_order", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-orders-cbi-probe-into-chhattisgarh-custodial-death-grants-25-lakh-compensation-to-kin-545422", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/supreme-court-orders-cbi-probe-into-chhattisgarh-custodial-death-slams-dgp-state-officials-for-cover-up", "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2026/08/17/supreme-court-orders-cbi-probe-into-custodial-death-awards-25-lakh-compensation/", "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2026/august/lahra-bai-tamre-vs-state-of-chattisgarh-45" ], "summary": "A Seepat man, aged 34 and the sole breadwinner of his family, was arrested by PS Seepat on 18 January 2024 for possessing six litres of mahua liquor and died in custody on 22 January 2024 with a fatal blunt head injury and multiple ante-mortem injuries recorded in the Section 176 CrPC judicial inquiry. The Supreme Court affirmed the High Court's finding of custodial violence, rejected the State's plea of inaction over the unserved inquiry report as a cover-up story, and called the High Court's Rs 1 lakh award a pittance. As an interim measure, the court directed Rs 25 lakh compensation within four weeks and ordered the CBI to register a regular criminal case and prosecute all officials found responsible. The court also directed the DGP to transmit all records within a week, reserving final determination of compensation for later. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Seepat man, aged 34 and the sole breadwinner of his family, was arrested by PS Seepat on 18 January 2024 for possessing six litres of mahua liquor and died in custody on 22 January 2024 with a fatal blunt head injury and multiple ante-mortem injuries recorded in the Section 176 CrPC judicial inquiry. The Supreme Court affirmed the High Court's finding of custodial violence, rejected the State's plea of inaction over the unserved inquiry report as a cover-up story, and called the High Court's Rs 1 lakh award a pittance. As an interim measure, the court directed Rs 25 lakh compensation within four weeks and ordered the CBI to register a regular criminal case and prosecute all officials found responsible. The court also directed the DGP to transmit all records within a week, reserving final determination of compensation for later.", "court_quote": "Thus, as an interim measure, we direct that compensation to the tune of Rs.25,00,000/- (TwentyFive Lakhs Only) shall be paid", "court_quote_para": "22", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC order verified via sci.gov.in + 3 reports; interim Rs 25L + CBI probe; final quantum pending.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-08-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 2,500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2026 INSC 840; 2026 SCC OnLine SC 1550; 2026 LiveLaw (SC) 794", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.sci.gov.in/sci-get-pdf/?diary_no=489632025&type=j&order_date=2026-08-12&from=latest_judgements_order", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-orders-cbi-probe-into-chhattisgarh-custodial-death-grants-25-lakh-compensation-to-kin-545422", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/supreme-court-orders-cbi-probe-into-chhattisgarh-custodial-death-slams-dgp-state-officials-for-cover-up", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2026/08/17/supreme-court-orders-cbi-probe-into-custodial-death-awards-25-lakh-compensation/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2026/august/lahra-bai-tamre-vs-state-of-chattisgarh-45", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-03", "chunk-r02", "chunk-r10" ], "merged_case_id": "CHHATT-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0078", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1356", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mahasamund Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "display_title_redacted": "Mahasamund Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "state": "Chhattisgarh", "district": "Mahasamund", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "District Jail, Mahasamund", "court": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mahasamund Man vs State of Chhattisgarh", "case_number": "WPCR No. 1 of 2025", "citation": "CGHC010003352025", "judges": [ "[name withheld]", "[name withheld]" ], "judgment_date": "2026-08-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Section 302 IPC" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Jail Superintendent", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "District Jail, Mahasamund", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Jail Superintendent, District Jail, Mahasamund" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mahasamund man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 750000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/55575265/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court took suo motu cognizance of a custodial death where an undertrial prisoner detained under Section 302 IPC died in District Jail, Mahasamund, with 35 injuries found on his body during postmortem. State counsel stated Rs 7,50,000 had already been paid on 20.09.2025 per Assistant Jail Superintendent letter dated 21.09.2025. The Court strongly criticized custodial violence as a blow to rule of law and directed the Chief Secretary and Director General of Police to file personal affidavits explaining the circumstances, listing the case on 31.08.2026.", "summary_verified": "The High Court took suo motu cognizance of a custodial death where an undertrial prisoner detained under Section 302 IPC died in District Jail, Mahasamund, with 35 injuries found on his body during postmortem. State counsel stated Rs 7,50,000 had already been paid on 20.09.2025 per Assistant Jail Superintendent letter dated 21.09.2025. The Court strongly criticized custodial violence as a blow to rule of law and directed the Chief Secretary and Director General of Police to file personal affidavits explaining the circumstances, listing the case on 31.08.2026.", "court_quote": "Custodial violence, including torture and death in the lock ups, strikes a blow at the Rule of Law, which demands that the powers of the executive should not only be derived from law but also that the same should be limited by law. Custodial violence is a matter of concern. It is aggravated by the fact that it is committed by persons who are supposed to be the protectors of the citizens.", "court_quote_para": "Order Sheet, page 2/3", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "incident_date 2025-09-20 is the compensation payment date (paid on 20.09.2025 per letter dated 21.09.2025), not the custodial death date; death date not stated in order excerpt; sections includes Section 176 CrPC which does not appear in source excerpt; only Section 302 IPC verified; officers claims Jail Superintendent held_liable; source names only Assistant Jail Superintendent (re compensation letter) and directs Chief Secretary and DGP to file personal affidavits; no liability finding against a named officer yet, matter listed to 31.08.2026; outcome_type adverse_finding_compensation overstates: Rs 7,50,000 noted as already paid, not ordered as compensation by this order", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-08-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "CGHC010003352025", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/55575265/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-ct-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-ct-hc-0", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" } ] }