{ "state": "Maharashtra", "slug": "maharashtra", "count": 90, "url": "https://datalibertarian.in/babuwatch/state/maharashtra", "cases": [ { "record_id": "CW-1955-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1128", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The State v. Satara Police Police Patil", "display_title_redacted": "The State v. Satara Police Police Patil", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Satara", "district_at_time": "North Satara", "city_town": "Satara", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Patil, North Satara", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The State v. Satara Police Police Patil", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1164 of 1955", "citation": "(1956) 58 BomLR 355", "judges": [ "Vyas", "Shah" ], "judgment_date": "1955-12-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1955, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 161" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Patil", "unit": "North Satara", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Patil, North Satara" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Satara resident" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Satara resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 0.5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/790522/the-state-vs-shamrao-navji-patil/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/829935/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Police Patil Shamrao Patil demanded and received Rs.25 for issuing a solvency certificate for use in criminal proceedings. The Special Judge, North Satara, accepted the payment was proved but acquitted on the ground that issuing the certificate was no part of a Police Patil's duty and hence no official act. The High Court held an official act under IPC s.161 need only be done in official capacity, not be an obligatory duty, and issuing the certificate as Patil qualified. It allowed the State appeal, convicted the accused under s.161 IPC, and sentenced him to six months' rigorous imprisonment with an arrest warrant.", "summary_verified": "Police Patil Shamrao Patil demanded and received Rs.25 for issuing a solvency certificate for use in criminal proceedings. The Special Judge, North Satara, accepted the payment was proved but acquitted on the ground that issuing the certificate was no part of a Police Patil's duty and hence no official act. The High Court held an official act under IPC s.161 need only be done in official capacity, not be an obligatory duty, and issuing the certificate as Patil qualified. It allowed the State appeal, convicted the accused under s.161 IPC, and sentenced him to six months' rigorous imprisonment with an arrest warrant.", "court_quote": "Having regard to the evidence, we convict the accused of an offence under s. 161 of the Indian Penal Code and direct that the accused do suffer rigorous imprisonment for six months.", "court_quote_para": "4", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC judgment verified; Police Patil acquittal reversed and bribery conviction entered (conviction_by_hc).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1955-12-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(1956) 58 BomLR 355", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/790522/the-state-vs-shamrao-navji-patil/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/829935/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-101" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-19-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1956-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1130", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] v. M.M. Chudasama", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] v. M.M. Chudasama", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai City", "district_at_time": "Bombay City", "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Bombay City Police Force", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] v. M.M. Chudasama", "case_number": "Special Civil Application No. 1484 of 1955", "citation": "AIR 1956 Bom 545", "judges": [ "Chagla, C.J.", "Dixit, J." ], "judgment_date": "1956-01-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1956, "incident_date": "1950-01-01", "incident_year": 1950, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Police Act 1861 s.7", "Police Act 1861 s.25", "Constitution Art.226", "Constitution Art.227", "Constitution Art.311" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Bombay City Police Force", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Bombay City Police Force" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1695633/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/810915/sayed-kassam-ibrahim-vs-mm-chudasama/", "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/350523/sayed-kassam-ibrahim-vs-m-m-chudasama" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court declined to interfere with the dismissal of constable of the Bombay City Police Force, who faced departmental charges arising from a 1950 corruption investigation. The court found he had been heard in full by every authority bound to hear his defence and that setting aside the third dismissal order (23 June 1955) could make a fresh preliminary inquiry impossible with witnesses unavailable. It additionally held the writ petition premature since the statutory appeal to the State Government had not been exhausted. The rule was discharged with no order as to costs, leaving the dismissal intact. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court declined to interfere with the dismissal of constable of the Bombay City Police Force, who faced departmental charges arising from a 1950 corruption investigation. The court found he had been heard in full by every authority bound to hear his defence and that setting aside the third dismissal order (23 June 1955) could make a fresh preliminary inquiry impossible with witnesses unavailable. It additionally held the writ petition premature since the statutory appeal to the State Government had not been exhausted. The rule was discharged with no order as to costs, leaving the dismissal intact.", "court_quote": "The result is that there will be no order on the petition. Rule discharged. No order as to costs.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC left corruption-related dismissal intact; rule discharged.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1956-01-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "AIR 1956 Bom 545", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1695633/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/810915/sayed-kassam-ibrahim-vs-mm-chudasama/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://sooperkanoon.com/case/350523/sayed-kassam-ibrahim-vs-m-m-chudasama", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-19-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1958-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1133", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State v. Rahata Police Constable and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "State v. Rahata Police Constable and Anr.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Ahilyanagar", "district_at_time": "Ahmednagar", "city_town": "Rahata", "police_station_or_unit": "Rahata", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State v. Rahata Police Constable and Anr.", "case_number": "State appeal against acquittal in Corruption Case No. 1 of 1958 (Special Judge, Ahmednagar)", "citation": "AIR 1959 Bom 543; (1959) 61 BomLR 837; 1959 CriLJ 1421", "judges": [ "Shah, J." ], "judgment_date": "1958-12-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1958, "incident_date": "1957-09-30", "incident_year": 1957, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "IPC 165A" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Rahata, Ahmednagar district", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Rahata, Ahmednagar district" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Rahata man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 0.5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/625705/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court allowed the State appeal against acquittal and reversed the Special Judge's acquittals in a bribery case where constable of Rahata acted as conduit for a Rs. 400 bribe demand on behalf of his father-in-law, the Special Executive Magistrate. The court held the Special Judge failed to examine the proved facts in the context of the statutory presumption and convicted the constable under s.165A IPC (6 months rigorous imprisonment) and the Magistrate under s.161 IPC (9 months RI plus Rs. 500 fine). It issued warrants for the arrest of both accused. The bribe was demanded at the Korhale fair on 30 September 1957 for an acquittal in chapter proceedings against a Rahata man Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court allowed the State appeal against acquittal and reversed the Special Judge's acquittals in a bribery case where constable of Rahata acted as conduit for a Rs. 400 bribe demand on behalf of his father-in-law, the Special Executive Magistrate. The court held the Special Judge failed to examine the proved facts in the context of the statutory presumption and convicted the constable under s.165A IPC (6 months rigorous imprisonment) and the Magistrate under s.161 IPC (9 months RI plus Rs. 500 fine). It issued warrants for the arrest of both accused. The bribe was demanded at the Korhale fair on 30 September 1957 for an acquittal in chapter proceedings against a Rahata man", "court_quote": "We also convict the second accused for the offence under Section 165A of the Indian Penal Code and sentence him to suffer rigorous imprisonment for six months.", "court_quote_para": "21", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC reversed acquittal; convicted constable u/s 165A IPC.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1958-12-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "AIR 1959 Bom 543; (1959) 61 BomLR 837; 1959 CriLJ 1421", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/625705/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-19-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1971-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1131", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nawapur Police Constable v. The State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Nawapur Police Constable v. The State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nandurbar", "district_at_time": "Dhulia", "city_town": "Nawapur", "police_station_or_unit": "Nawapur Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Nawapur Police Constable v. The State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Second Appeal (citation (1972) 74 BomLR 304)", "citation": "(1972) 74 BomLR 304; 1972 LIC 1453", "judges": [ "Deshpande, J." ], "judgment_date": "1971-08-31", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1971, "incident_date": "1958-04-14", "incident_year": 1958, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "Bombay Police Manual R.445", "Constitution Art.311" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "unit": "Nawapur Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Nawapur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Nawapur resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1199362/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608f976e4b0149711144f40" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court sustained the dismissal of constable, caught in an Anti-Corruption trap accepting a Rs. 5 bribe at Nawapur on 14 April 1958, even though he had been acquitted in the criminal trial under s.161 IPC. The court held that a criminal acquittal does not bind the departmental authority where proceedings rest on the same facts, and that the domestic tribunal's finding could not be struck down as based on no evidence. It sustained the lower appellate decree reversing the trial court's decree in the constable's favour. The second appeal failed and the dismissal stood, with the appellant directed to pay court-fees.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court sustained the dismissal of constable, caught in an Anti-Corruption trap accepting a Rs. 5 bribe at Nawapur on 14 April 1958, even though he had been acquitted in the criminal trial under s.161 IPC. The court held that a criminal acquittal does not bind the departmental authority where proceedings rest on the same facts, and that the domestic tribunal's finding could not be struck down as based on no evidence. It sustained the lower appellate decree reversing the trial court's decree in the constable's favour. The second appeal failed and the dismissal stood, with the appellant directed to pay court-fees.", "court_quote": "Result is that the appeal fails. As the appeal was allowed to be filed in forma pauperis, the appellant is directed to pay Court-fees. In the circumstances of the case, however, there will be no order as to other costs.", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC sustained bribe-related dismissal despite criminal acquittal.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1971-08-31", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(1972) 74 BomLR 304; 1972 LIC 1453", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1199362/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608f976e4b0149711144f40", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-19-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1990-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0480", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Maharashtra v. Chandraprakash Kewalchand Jain", "display_title_redacted": "State of Maharashtra v. Chandraprakash Kewalchand Jain", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nagpur", "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Maharashtra v. Chandraprakash Kewalchand Jain", "case_number": null, "citation": "(1990) 1 SCC 550; AIR 1990 SC 658", "judges": [ "A.M. Ahmadi", "M. Fathima Beevi" ], "judgment_date": "1990-01-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1990, "incident_date": "1981-08-22", "incident_year": 1981, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_sc", "sections": [ "IPC 376" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Chandraprakash Kewalchand Jain", "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Nagpur (Maharashtra Police)", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Chandraprakash Kewalchand Jain", "display": "Chandraprakash Kewalchand Jain (Sub-Inspector)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Nagpur woman", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "the complainant" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199575/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court allowed the State appeal, set aside the Bombay High Court acquittal and restored the trial court's conviction of Sub-Inspector for raping newly-wed the complainant twice after isolating her from her husband on the night of 22 August 1981. The Court held a prosecutrix is a victim, not an accomplice, needing no corroboration, and refused to reduce the 5-year RI sentence, observing that punishment for rape by a person in uniform must be exemplary. The respondent was ordered to surrender forthwith and serve out the sentence. The trial acquittal under Section 342 was not disturbed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court allowed the State appeal, set aside the Bombay High Court acquittal and restored the trial court's conviction of Sub-Inspector for raping newly-wed Shamimbanu twice after isolating her from her husband on the night of 22 August 1981. The Court held a prosecutrix is a victim, not an accomplice, needing no corroboration, and refused to reduce the 5-year RI sentence, observing that punishment for rape by a person in uniform must be exemplary. The respondent was ordered to surrender forthwith and serve out the sentence. The trial acquittal under Section 342 was not disturbed.", "court_quote": "We allow this appeal, set aside the order of the High Court acquitting the respondent and restore the order of conviction and sentence passed on the respondent by the trial court.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC set aside HC acquittal; restored 376 conviction (5 yrs RI + fine).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1990-01-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(1990) 1 SCC 550; AIR 1990 SC 658", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199575/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-42" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-010", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1990-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0475", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Maharashtra & Ors. v. Madhukar Narayan Mardikar", "display_title_redacted": "State of Maharashtra & Ors. v. Madhukar Narayan Mardikar", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Thane", "district_at_time": "Thana", "city_town": "Bhiwandi", "police_station_or_unit": "Bhiwandi Town PS", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Maharashtra & Ors. v. Madhukar Narayan Mardikar", "case_number": "Civil Appeal No. 424 of 1977", "citation": "(1991) 1 SCC 57; AIR 1991 SC 207", "judges": [ "K. Jagannatha Shetty", "A.M. Ahmadi" ], "judgment_date": "1990-10-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1990, "incident_date": "1965-11-13", "incident_year": 1965, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": "Madhukar Narayan Mardikar", "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Bhiwandi Town PS", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Madhukar Narayan Mardikar", "display": "Madhukar Narayan Mardikar (Police Inspector)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Bhiwandi woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/524900/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/commentary/in/state-of-maharashtra-v.-madhukar-narayan-mardikar:-upholding-police-integrity-and-accountability/view" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court set aside the Bombay High Court order and restored the removal from service of Police Inspector, who in uniform visited the survivor's hutment near Bhiwandi Town PS on 13 November 1965, demanded sexual intercourse and tried to take her by force. The Court rejected the High Court's approach of disbelieving the woman as unchaste, holding her evidence was corroborated by her husband, PSI and the police party. The departmental finding of perverse conduct was upheld. Salary paid for duty rendered during the High Court-ordered reinstatement was not made recoverable. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court set aside the Bombay High Court order and restored the removal from service of Police Inspector, who in uniform visited the survivor's hutment near Bhiwandi Town PS on 13 November 1965, demanded sexual intercourse and tried to take her by force. The Court rejected the High Court's approach of disbelieving the woman as unchaste, holding her evidence was corroborated by her husband, PSI and the police party. The departmental finding of perverse conduct was upheld. Salary paid for duty rendered during the High Court-ordered reinstatement was not made recoverable.", "court_quote": "For the above reasons we set aside the order of the High Court and restore the order of removal from service passed by the appellate authority and direct that it be given effect to in accordance with law.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC set aside HC order and restored Inspector's removal from service.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1990-10-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(1991) 1 SCC 57; AIR 1991 SC 207", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [], "followup_status": "never_checked", "last_checked": null, "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/524900/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/commentary/in/state-of-maharashtra-v.-madhukar-narayan-mardikar:-upholding-police-integrity-and-accountability/view", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-42" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-003", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1991-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1127", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mandrup Police Sub-Inspector of Police (Police Station Officer) v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Mandrup Police Sub-Inspector of Police (Police Station Officer) v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Solapur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mandrup", "police_station_or_unit": "Mandrup Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mandrup Police Sub-Inspector of Police (Police Station Officer) v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 878 of 1987", "citation": "(1991) 1 BomCR 486 : (1991) CriLJ 2085", "judges": [ "D. J. Moharir" ], "judgment_date": "1991-01-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1991, "incident_date": "1986-10-03", "incident_year": 1986, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1947 s.5(1)(d) r/w s.5(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police (Police Station Officer)", "unit": "Mandrup Police Station, Solapur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police (Police Station Officer), Mandrup Police Station, Solapur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Mandrup resident" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Mandrup resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1.5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409007/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/805457/abhimanyu-vithalrao-jadhav-appellant-hash-state-of-maharashtra-respondent/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. PSI, Police Station Officer at Mandrup, detained a fodder-laden tractor-trolley and demanded Rs.300 from its owner to release it, saying no hafta was being paid. The owner approached the Anti-Corruption Branch, which laid a trap with marked currency on 3 October 1986 and caught the PSI accepting the money. The Court held detention unnecessary and a facade to extract money, and demand and acceptance proved beyond reasonable doubt. It dismissed the appeal, confirmed one year's RI plus fine under IPC s.161 and 18 months' RI plus fine under the PC Act 1947, and ordered surrender by 15 February 1991.", "summary_verified": "PSI, Police Station Officer at Mandrup, detained a fodder-laden tractor-trolley and demanded Rs.300 from its owner to release it, saying no hafta was being paid. The owner approached the Anti-Corruption Branch, which laid a trap with marked currency on 3 October 1986 and caught the PSI accepting the money. The Court held detention unnecessary and a facade to extract money, and demand and acceptance proved beyond reasonable doubt. It dismissed the appeal, confirmed one year's RI plus fine under IPC s.161 and 18 months' RI plus fine under the PC Act 1947, and ordered surrender by 15 February 1991.", "court_quote": "The commission of offence under section 161 and S. 5(1)(d) read with 5(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act 1947 was thus rightly held established by the trial Court and on appeal here this Court must also unhesitatingly confirm the same.", "court_quote_para": "25", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC judgment verified; PSI bribery conviction and 18-month sentence confirmed (conviction_upheld).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(1991) 1 BomCR 486 : (1991) CriLJ 2085", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1991-01-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(1991) 1 BomCR 486 : (1991) CriLJ 2085", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409007/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/805457/abhimanyu-vithalrao-jadhav-appellant-hash-state-of-maharashtra-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-101" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-19-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1991-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0234", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Maharashtra and Ors. vs Solapur Man", "display_title_redacted": "State of Maharashtra and Ors. vs Solapur Man", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Solapur", "district_at_time": "Sholapur", "city_town": "Solapur", "police_station_or_unit": "Faujdar Chavdi Police Station, Sholapur", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Maharashtra and Ors. vs Solapur Man", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 289 of 1990", "citation": "(1991) 2 SCC 373", "judges": [ "K. Jayachandra Reddy" ], "judgment_date": "1991-03-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1991, "incident_date": "1989-08-17", "incident_year": 1989, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Faujdar Chavadi Police Station, Sholapur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Faujdar Chavadi Police Station, Sholapur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Solapur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 10000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1543073/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/675092/state-of-maharashtra-and-others-appellant-hash-ravikant-s-patil-respondent/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. Undertrial prisoner Ravikant Patil, arrested in Karnataka in a murder investigation, was handcuffed with both arms tied by rope and paraded through the main squares of Sholapur on 17.8.1989, after a local paper announced the parade. The Bombay High Court held Inspector had subjected the undertrial to unwarranted humiliation and indignity violating Article 21, awarded Rs 10,000 compensation against the officer personally, and directed an adverse service-record entry. The Supreme Court agreed the Inspector's explanation was wholly unacceptable and sustained the compensation, but held the officer acted in official capacity so the State of Maharashtra must pay, as in Rudul Sah. It left open a departmental inquiry into further action against the officer after hearing him.", "summary_verified": "Undertrial prisoner Ravikant Patil, arrested in Karnataka in a murder investigation, was handcuffed with both arms tied by rope and paraded through the main squares of Sholapur on 17.8.1989, after a local paper announced the parade. The Bombay High Court held Inspector had subjected the undertrial to unwarranted humiliation and indignity violating Article 21, awarded Rs 10,000 compensation against the officer personally, and directed an adverse service-record entry. The Supreme Court agreed the Inspector's explanation was wholly unacceptable and sustained the compensation, but held the officer acted in official capacity so the State of Maharashtra must pay, as in Rudul Sah. It left open a departmental inquiry into further action against the officer after hearing him.", "court_quote": "The High Court elaborately dealt with this aspect and held that the explanation given by the Inspector of Police is wholly unacceptable.", "court_quote_para": "3", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary source verified: Supreme Court upheld the Bombay High Court's finding that Inspector violated undertrial Ravikant Patil's Article 21 rights by handcuffing him, tying his arms with rope and parading him through Sholapur city on 17.8.1989, sustaining Rs 10,000 compensation but shifting liability from the officer personally to the State of Maharashtra, and modifying the adverse service-entry direction to require hearing the officer first. Accused is police; outcome adverse_finding_compensation confirmed. Subcategory kept as 'other' (degrading handcuff/parade, not custodial torture).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1991-03-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 10,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(1991) 2 SCC 373", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1543073/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/675092/state-of-maharashtra-and-others-appellant-hash-ravikant-s-patil-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1992-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0353", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sham Kant v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Sham Kant v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ramtek", "police_station_or_unit": "Ramtek Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Sham Kant v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal arising from Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) Criminal Appeal No. 93 of 1982", "citation": "1992 Supp (2) SCC 521; AIR 1992 SC 1879", "judges": [ "S. R. Pandian", "K. Jayachandra Reddy" ], "judgment_date": "1992-02-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1992, "incident_date": "1980-06-25", "incident_year": 1980, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 330" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Sham Kant", "rank": "Acting Sub-Inspector (Station House Officer)", "unit": "Ramtek Police Station, Nagpur", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.04, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Sham Kant", "display": "Sham Kant (Acting Sub-Inspector (Station House Officer))" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ramtek man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ramtek man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 0.75, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1456974/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56b48cc9607dba348ffeecdc", "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/675681/sham-kant-appellant-hash-state-of-maharashtra-respondent/" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of acting Sub-Inspector Sham Kant, Station House Officer of Ramtek, and confirmed his conviction under Section 330 IPC for torturing temple-theft suspects a Ramtek man and a Ramtek man in police custody between 25 June and 1 July 1980. The Court accepted the survivor's account of stripping, beatings and sexual torture with an iron rod, corroborated by jail and medical records, after which a Ramtek man died of complications from 23 injuries. It rejected the challenge to the High Court's reversal of the trial court's acquittal and its dismissal of a clean-chit inquiry commission report. The Court confirmed the sentence of nine months' rigorous imprisonment with a Rs. 2,000 fine, observing it was very lenient. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of acting Sub-Inspector Sham Kant, Station House Officer of Ramtek, and confirmed his conviction under Section 330 IPC for torturing temple-theft suspects a Ramtek man and a Ramtek man in police custody between 25 June and 1 July 1980. The Court accepted the survivor's account of stripping, beatings and sexual torture with an iron rod, corroborated by jail and medical records, after which a Ramtek man died of complications from 23 injuries. It rejected the challenge to the High Court's reversal of the trial court's acquittal and its dismissal of a clean-chit inquiry commission report. The Court confirmed the sentence of nine months' rigorous imprisonment with a Rs. 2,000 fine, observing it was very lenient.", "court_quote": "After carefully scanning through the evidence of PW 2, 7, 13.19, 20, 23, 25, 29 and the various documents Exts.21, 22 and 34, we have no reservation in coming to the conclusion that a Ramtek man and a Ramtek man were subjected to ill-treatment by the appellant in order to extort a confession or any information leading to the detection of the stolen properties.", "court_quote_para": "27", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC judgment verified via alternate sources after 429; s.330 conviction of SHO confirmed, sentence called very lenient.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "1992 Supp (2) SCC 521; AIR 1992 SC 1879", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1992-02-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "1992 Supp (2) SCC 521; AIR 1992 SC 1879", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1456974/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56b48cc9607dba348ffeecdc", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/675681/sham-kant-appellant-hash-state-of-maharashtra-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-38" ], "merged_case_id": "SUPREM-041", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1992-0003", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0545", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sudhakar Bhaskar Pore vs The State Of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Sudhakar Bhaskar Pore vs The State Of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Raigad", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kolad", "police_station_or_unit": "Kolad police outpost, Police Station Roha", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Sudhakar Bhaskar Pore vs The State Of Maharashtra", "case_number": null, "citation": "1993 (3) Bom CR 482", "judges": [ "D.J. Moharir" ], "judgment_date": "1992-02-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1992, "incident_date": "1980-09-10", "incident_year": 1980, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory": "extortion", "subcategory_display": "extortion", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "PC Act 1947 s.5(1)(d)", "PC Act 1947 s.5(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Sudhakar Bhaskar Pore", "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Kolad police outpost, Police Station Roha, Raigad", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.04, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Sudhakar Bhaskar Pore", "display": "Sudhakar Bhaskar Pore (Head Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kolad man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kolad man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1988488/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Head Constable, posted at Kolad outpost under PS Roha, was entrusted with an Essential Commodities case against grocer a Kolad man and threatened to arrest, handcuff and parade him 15 km to Roha unless paid. He extracted Rs.80 on 10 September 1980 and Rs.25 of a further Rs.100 demand on 15 September 1980, and was caught in an ACB Alibag trap on 17 September 1980 accepting the balance Rs.75. The trial court convicted him under s.161 IPC and ss.5(1)(d)/5(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act 1947 with one-year concurrent RI sentences. The Bombay High Court held the squeezing of money was a gross abuse of police authority, confirmed the convictions, and dismissed the appeal.", "summary_verified": "Head Constable, posted at Kolad outpost under PS Roha, was entrusted with an Essential Commodities case against grocer a Kolad man and threatened to arrest, handcuff and parade him 15 km to Roha unless paid. He extracted Rs.80 on 10 September 1980 and Rs.25 of a further Rs.100 demand on 15 September 1980, and was caught in an ACB Alibag trap on 17 September 1980 accepting the balance Rs.75. The trial court convicted him under s.161 IPC and ss.5(1)(d)/5(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act 1947 with one-year concurrent RI sentences. The Bombay High Court held the squeezing of money was a gross abuse of police authority, confirmed the convictions, and dismissed the appeal.", "court_quote": "Aware that a Kolad man and his brother or family members would abhore a Kolad man being hand-cuffed and paraded in hand-cuffs all the way from Kolad to Roha, the accused took the opportunity of squeezing them to pay bribe to him.", "court_quote_para": "30", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC confirmed head constable's 1-year RI bribe conviction; trap and abuse of authority proved.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "1993 (3) Bom CR 482", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1992-02-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "1993 (3) Bom CR 482", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1988488/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-41" ], "merged_case_id": "SWEXTORT-010", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1994-0005", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0701", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nagpur Man vs Government of Maharashtra and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Nagpur Man vs Government of Maharashtra and Another", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nagpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Nagpur Man vs Government of Maharashtra and Another", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 204 of 1993", "citation": "1995 Cri LJ 4223; 1996(1) Bom CR 70; 1994(2) Mh LJ 1769", "judges": [], "judgment_date": "1994-08-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1994, "incident_date": "1993-06-24", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 304", "IPC 302" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur City", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur City" } ], "officer_count": 9, "victims": [ { "age": 32, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Nagpur man, age 32" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/432679/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609ade7e4b0149711412805", "https://lawfoyer.in/christian-community-welfare-council-of-india-v-government-of-maharashtra/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. In the night of 23/24 June 1993 a ten-member Crime Branch party led by PI [name withheld] dragged a Nagpur man, a 32-year-old railway khalasi, from his Ajni Railway quarters residence, beat him near his house and again in the police lock-up, where he died in the early hours of 24 June. His wife [name withheld] alleged she was illegally detained, assaulted and molested by the same personnel, and that the CID registered only Section 304 IPC instead of murder. The Nagpur Bench held a Nagpur man died of custodial violence by the police party and awarded Rs. 1,50,000 compensation to the widow recoverable proportionately from the erring officials. It also ordered an enquiry into the investigating officer's lapses and issued statewide custodial-safeguard directions; the later Supreme Court appeal challenged only parts of the guidelines, not the compensation.", "summary_verified": "In the night of 23/24 June 1993 a ten-member Crime Branch party led by PI [name withheld] dragged a Nagpur man, a 32-year-old railway khalasi, from his Ajni Railway quarters residence, beat him near his house and again in the police lock-up, where he died in the early hours of 24 June. His wife [name withheld] alleged she was illegally detained, assaulted and molested by the same personnel, and that the CID registered only Section 304 IPC instead of murder. The Nagpur Bench held a Nagpur man died of custodial violence by the police party and awarded Rs. 1,50,000 compensation to the widow recoverable proportionately from the erring officials. It also ordered an enquiry into the investigating officer's lapses and issued statewide custodial-safeguard directions; the later Supreme Court appeal challenged only parts of the guidelines, not the compensation.", "court_quote": "The State Government is directed to pay compensation amounting to Rs. 1,50,000/- awarded in favour of the petitioner. 2 Jarina wd/o a Nagpur man in this proceeding for the custodial death of her husband.", "court_quote_para": "29", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Citation, court, date and Rs. 1.5 lakh award cross-verified via indexed text and SC appeal record (primary fetch 429).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1994-08-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1995 Cri LJ 4223; 1996(1) Bom CR 70; 1994(2) Mh LJ 1769", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/432679/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609ade7e4b0149711412805", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawfoyer.in/christian-community-welfare-council-of-india-v-government-of-maharashtra/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1998-0006", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0702", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Shahapur Woman vs The State of Maharashtra and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Shahapur Woman vs The State of Maharashtra and Another", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Thane", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Shahapur", "police_station_or_unit": "Shahapur Police Station / Vasind Outpost, Thane", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Shahapur Woman vs The State of Maharashtra and Another", "case_number": null, "citation": "1998 Cri LJ 1505; 1998(2) Mh LJ 410; (1999) 1 Bom LR 449", "judges": [ "A.P. Shah", "S.S. Parkar" ], "judgment_date": "1998-01-15", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1998, "incident_date": "1997-06-16", "incident_year": 1997, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 330", "IPC 306", "IPC 323", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Shahapur Police Station, Thane", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Shahapur Police Station, Thane" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Vasind Outpost, Shahapur Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Vasind Outpost, Shahapur Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Shahapur Police Station, Thane", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Shahapur Police Station, Thane" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": 21, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Shahapur man, age 21" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 150000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1172230/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. A Shahapur man, aged 21, was arrested on 10 June 1997 in a robbery case and remanded to police custody, where his wife alleged he was subjected to third-degree torture from 11 to 16 June 1997 until he died on the night of 16 June. Police claimed he strangled himself with a floor mat, but a second post-mortem ordered by the JMFC contradicted suicide, and the State's affidavit almost conceded torture in custody. Offences under Sections 330, 306 and 323 read with Section 34 IPC were registered against the three named officers. The Court held the death a custodial death caused by police torture, awarded Rs. 1,50,000 compensation plus Rs. 10,000 costs recoverable from the erring officials, and directed their suspension pending criminal trial or departmental enquiry.", "summary_verified": "A Shahapur man, aged 21, was arrested on 10 June 1997 in a robbery case and remanded to police custody, where his wife alleged he was subjected to third-degree torture from 11 to 16 June 1997 until he died on the night of 16 June. Police claimed he strangled himself with a floor mat, but a second post-mortem ordered by the JMFC contradicted suicide, and the State's affidavit almost conceded torture in custody. Offences under Sections 330, 306 and 323 read with Section 34 IPC were registered against the three named officers. The Court held the death a custodial death caused by police torture, awarded Rs. 1,50,000 compensation plus Rs. 10,000 costs recoverable from the erring officials, and directed their suspension pending criminal trial or departmental enquiry.", "court_quote": "In the affidavit it has been almost conceded that the deceased was tortured while in the police custody.", "court_quote_para": "2", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; custodial torture death held proved, Rs. 1.5 lakh plus suspension of 3 officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1998-01-15", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 150,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1998 Cri LJ 1505; 1998(2) Mh LJ 410; (1999) 1 Bom LR 449", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1172230/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1999-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0703", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kalyan Man vs Special Executive Magistrate, Kalyan", "display_title_redacted": "Kalyan Man vs Special Executive Magistrate, Kalyan", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Thane", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kalyan", "police_station_or_unit": "Bazarpeth Police Station, Kalyan", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Kalyan Man vs Special Executive Magistrate, Kalyan", "case_number": null, "citation": "1999(5) Bom CR 726; 1999 Cri LJ 2676", "judges": [ "D.G. Deshpande" ], "judgment_date": "1999-03-24", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1999, "incident_date": "1998-07-16", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 41(2)", "CrPC 110", "CrPC 151" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Bazarpeth Police Station, Kalyan", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Bazarpeth Police Station, Kalyan" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Kalyan man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 3000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1779514/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The petitioner, a prosecution witness in two murder cases, was repeatedly arrested by Bazarpeth police at the instance of the convict Mhatre family; two earlier Section 151(3) arrests in February and April 1998 ended in immediate release by the Judicial Magistrate. He was arrested again on 16 July 1998 under Section 41(2) with Section 110(e)(g) chapter proceedings on stale April-1998 statements, with no emergency, and jailed from 17 July to 10 August 1998 on interim-bond failure. The Court held the arrest totally illegal and uncalled for, quashed the chapter proceedings, and awarded Rs. 3,000 compensation plus Rs. 1,000 costs jointly and severally against the Sub-Inspector (sued individually) and the Special Executive Magistrate, excluding the post-17 July jail period since the family could have furnished the interim bond. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The petitioner, a prosecution witness in two murder cases, was repeatedly arrested by Bazarpeth police at the instance of the convict Mhatre family; two earlier Section 151(3) arrests in February and April 1998 ended in immediate release by the Judicial Magistrate. He was arrested again on 16 July 1998 under Section 41(2) with Section 110(e)(g) chapter proceedings on stale April-1998 statements, with no emergency, and jailed from 17 July to 10 August 1998 on interim-bond failure. The Court held the arrest totally illegal and uncalled for, quashed the chapter proceedings, and awarded Rs. 3,000 compensation plus Rs. 1,000 costs jointly and severally against the Sub-Inspector (sued individually) and the Special Executive Magistrate, excluding the post-17 July jail period since the family could have furnished the interim bond.", "court_quote": "The arrest of the petitioner on 16-7-1998 under the aforesaid provisions was totally illegal and uncalled for and so also the initiation of proceedings under section 110(e) and (g).", "court_quote_para": "32", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; 4th mala fide arrest held totally illegal, chapter proceedings quashed with compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "1999-03-24", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 3,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "1999(5) Bom CR 726; 1999 Cri LJ 2676", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1779514/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-091", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1999-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0704", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Police Police Officer and others vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Police Police Officer and others vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Police Police Officer and others vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": null, "citation": "2000(5) Bom CR 410", "judges": [ "D.G. Deshpande" ], "judgment_date": "1999-09-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1999, "incident_date": "1990-06-27", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 330", "IPC 304" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Oshiwara Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": 26, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/659266/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. A Mumbai man, aged about 26, was tortured through the night of 27/28 June 1990 in the kachcha lock-up of Oshiwara Police Station by seven police officers, witnessed by co-detainees, and died of the injuries after admission to Bhagwati Hospital. The Additional Sessions Judge, Bombay acquitted the officers of culpable homicide under Section 304 IPC but convicted all seven under Section 330 IPC (3 years' RI for accused no. 1, 2 years' RI plus fine for the rest). The defence was total denial with a claim that kidnappers had assaulted Raju. The High Court dismissed the appeal, maintaining and confirming the convictions and sentences, remarking that the State should have appealed the Section 304 acquittal, and directed surrender within four weeks.", "summary_verified": "A Mumbai man, aged about 26, was tortured through the night of 27/28 June 1990 in the kachcha lock-up of Oshiwara Police Station by seven police officers, witnessed by co-detainees, and died of the injuries after admission to Bhagwati Hospital. The Additional Sessions Judge, Bombay acquitted the officers of culpable homicide under Section 304 IPC but convicted all seven under Section 330 IPC (3 years' RI for accused no. 1, 2 years' RI plus fine for the rest). The defence was total denial with a claim that kidnappers had assaulted Raju. The High Court dismissed the appeal, maintaining and confirming the convictions and sentences, remarking that the State should have appealed the Section 304 acquittal, and directed surrender within four weeks.", "court_quote": "The appeal is dismissed and the judgment of conviction and sentence of the trial Court against all the accused is maintained, confirmed and up held.", "court_quote_para": "84", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; Section 330 convictions of all 7 Oshiwara officers for custodial torture-death confirmed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2000(5) Bom CR 410", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1999-09-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2000(5) Bom CR 410", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "outcome_type", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/659266/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-1999-0014", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0768", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Jath Police Police Head Constable vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Jath Police Police Head Constable vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Sangli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Jath", "police_station_or_unit": "Jath Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Jath Police Police Head Constable vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Appeal against Special Case No. 3 of 1989 (Special Judge, Sangli)", "citation": "(2000) 102 Bom LR 560", "judges": [ "S. S. Parkar" ], "judgment_date": "1999-12-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 1999, "incident_date": "1987-04-01", "incident_year": 1987, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 161", "IPC 217" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Head Constable", "unit": "Jath Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Head Constable, Jath Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 6, "sentence_type": "fine", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1442028/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court confirmed the conviction of Police Head Constable of Jath Police Station, Sangli, for demanding and accepting Rs 790 in illegal gratification from six vehicle owners to release seized vehicles without prosecution and for hushing up Motor Vehicles Act cases. The Court held the evidence of the vehicle owners, PW-2 Constable, the duty-book register and checking-report counterfoils proved the charges, and rejected the defences on investigation by an officer below DySP rank and unproved station-house duties. The Court set aside the one-year rigorous imprisonment on each count but enhanced the fine from Rs 500 to Rs 2,000 on each count, with the default sentence retained. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court confirmed the conviction of Police Head Constable of Jath Police Station, Sangli, for demanding and accepting Rs 790 in illegal gratification from six vehicle owners to release seized vehicles without prosecution and for hushing up Motor Vehicles Act cases. The Court held the evidence of the vehicle owners, PW-2 Constable, the duty-book register and checking-report counterfoils proved the charges, and rejected the defences on investigation by an officer below DySP rank and unproved station-house duties. The Court set aside the one-year rigorous imprisonment on each count but enhanced the fine from Rs 500 to Rs 2,000 on each count, with the default sentence retained.", "court_quote": "In the result the appeal is partly allowed. The convictions of the appellant for offences under Sections 161 and 217 of Indian Penal Code in Special Case No. 3 of 1989 are confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC confirmed ss.161/217 IPC bribery convictions; sentence modified to enhanced fine.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2000) 102 Bom LR 560", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "1999-12-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(2000) 102 Bom LR 560", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1442028/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-57" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-9-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2001-0014", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1137", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Malkapur Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Malkapur Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Buldhana", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Malkapur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station (Rural), Malkapur", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Malkapur Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 312 of 1999", "citation": "(2002) 104 BOMLR 34; (2001) 4 MhLj 601", "judges": [ "J.N. Patel, J.", "P.V. Hardas, J." ], "judgment_date": "2001-07-27", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2001, "incident_date": "1999-10-24", "incident_year": 1999, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory": "custodial_torture", "subcategory_display": "custodial torture", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226", "CrPC 107", "CrPC 110", "IPC 353" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Malkapur police, Buldhana district", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Malkapur police, Buldhana district" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Police Station (Rural), Malkapur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Police Station (Rural), Malkapur" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Malkapur police, Buldhana district", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Malkapur police, Buldhana district" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Malkapur police, Buldhana district", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Malkapur police, Buldhana district" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Malkapur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 15000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1562282/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/821081/surendra-ramchandra-taori-vs-state-of-maharashtra-and-others/" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held that journalist Surendra Taori of Malkapur was mercilessly beaten by police officers in Rural Police Station custody on 24 October 1999, sustaining serious injuries including to his right eye, after reporting on police malpractice. The court further held he was illegally detained from 23 to 30 October 1999 under Chapter VIII CrPC proceedings before a police officer acting as Special Executive Magistrate, without following ss.111 and 116 CrPC and in violation of Articles 14 and 21. It directed the State to pay Rs. 15,000 compensation plus Rs. 5,000 costs within four weeks and to take suitable action against the guilty officers (respondent Nos. 3 to 6), with liberty to recover the sum from those found responsible. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held that journalist Surendra Taori of Malkapur was mercilessly beaten by police officers in Rural Police Station custody on 24 October 1999, sustaining serious injuries including to his right eye, after reporting on police malpractice. The court further held he was illegally detained from 23 to 30 October 1999 under Chapter VIII CrPC proceedings before a police officer acting as Special Executive Magistrate, without following ss.111 and 116 CrPC and in violation of Articles 14 and 21. It directed the State to pay Rs. 15,000 compensation plus Rs. 5,000 costs within four weeks and to take suitable action against the guilty officers (respondent Nos. 3 to 6), with liberty to recover the sum from those found responsible.", "court_quote": "We have already come to the conclusion that the petitioner was tortured in Police Custody which was illegal, causing him serious injuries and further came to be detained under the impugned order illegally and unauthorisedly, without following the procedure provided under Sections 111 and 116 of the Criminal Procedure Code.", "court_quote_para": "20", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC found custodial torture + illegal detention; Rs 15,000 compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2001-07-27", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 15,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2002) 104 BOMLR 34; (2001) 4 MhLj 601", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1562282/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/821081/surendra-ramchandra-taori-vs-state-of-maharashtra-and-others/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-20-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2001-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0764", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0235" ], "display_title": "Akola Man vs Superintendent of Police, Akola and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Akola Man vs Superintendent of Police, Akola and Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Akola", "district_at_time": "Akola", "city_town": "Akola", "police_station_or_unit": "Ramdaspeth Police Station, Akola", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Akola Man vs Superintendent of Police, Akola and Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 277 of 2000", "citation": "(2002) ACJ 1307; (2002) CriLJ 914; (2002) 1 MhLJ 273; (2002) BomCR(Cri) 371", "judges": [ "J.N. Patel", "S.K. Shah" ], "judgment_date": "2001-09-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2001, "incident_date": "1999-09-30", "incident_year": 1999, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Ramdaspeth Police Station, Akola", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Ramdaspeth Police Station, Akola" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Ramdaspeth Police Station, Akola", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Ramdaspeth Police Station, Akola" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 36, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Akola man, age 36" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 175000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/33124/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/921838/fattuji-dajiba-gedam-appellant-hash-superintendent-of-police-akola-and-others-respondent/", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/118914/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. An Akola man, arrested on 29.9.1999 in Crime No. 205/1999, was found dead in the Ramdaspeth police lock-up on the morning of 30.9.1999; the post-mortem recorded 21 ante-mortem injuries (20 contusions, one abrasion) with death by syncope from multiple injuries. The Court rejected the police story blaming the watchmen and the medical officer, holding an Akola man died a homicidal death in police custody from brutal custodial torture and that the on-duty officers were responsible, the State having failed to explain the injuries or comply with the D.K. Basu guidelines. It directed the State to deposit Rs 1,75,000 compensation (Rs 75,000 for daughter [name withheld], Rs 50,000 each for sons and Aakash, via fixed deposits) plus Rs 5,000 costs, ordered a DIG-or-above investigation with disciplinary proceedings and prosecution of all officers on duty from arrest till death, allowed recovery from those found responsible, and ordered contempt show-cause particulars. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "An Akola man, arrested on 29.9.1999 in Crime No. 205/1999, was found dead in the Ramdaspeth police lock-up on the morning of 30.9.1999; the post-mortem recorded 21 ante-mortem injuries (20 contusions, one abrasion) with death by syncope from multiple injuries. The Court rejected the police story blaming the watchmen and the medical officer, holding an Akola man died a homicidal death in police custody from brutal custodial torture and that the on-duty officers were responsible, the State having failed to explain the injuries or comply with the D.K. Basu guidelines. It directed the State to deposit Rs 1,75,000 compensation (Rs 75,000 for daughter [name withheld], Rs 50,000 each for sons and Aakash, via fixed deposits) plus Rs 5,000 costs, ordered a DIG-or-above investigation with disciplinary proceedings and prosecution of all officers on duty from arrest till death, allowed recovery from those found responsible, and ordered contempt show-cause particulars.", "court_quote": "only inference which the Court can draw is that the police officers who were at the relevant time on duty in the police station are responsible for the custodial violence meted out to the deceased [name withheld]", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "DUPLICATE of CWC-0144: same judgment (Criminal WP 277/2000, Bombay HC, 17.9.2001, JJ J.N. Patel and S.K. Shah) under a different indiankanoon doc id (33124 vs 118914). Primary URL rate-limited (HTTP 429); full text verified via CourtKutchehry mirror. Verdict on merits: accept — custodial death by torture held proved, Rs 1,75,000 compensation plus Rs 5,000 costs, DIG-or-above investigation with disciplinary proceedings and prosecution directed, contempt show-cause ordered. Incident date corrected to death date 1999-09-30 (arrest 29-09-1999).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2001-09-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 175,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2002) ACJ 1307; (2002) CriLJ 914; (2002) 1 MhLJ 273; (2002) BomCR(Cri) 371", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/33124/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/921838/fattuji-dajiba-gedam-appellant-hash-superintendent-of-police-akola-and-others-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/118914/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2002-0012", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0731", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Newasa Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Newasa Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Ahilyanagar", "district_at_time": "Ahmednagar", "city_town": "Newasa", "police_station_or_unit": "Newasa Police Station, Ahilyanagar", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Newasa Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": null, "citation": "(2002)104BOMLR8", "judges": [ "S.S. Parkar", "D.S. Zoting" ], "judgment_date": "2002-01-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2002, "incident_date": "1990-05-05", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC s.41(2)", "CrPC s.110", "CrPC s.113", "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 22(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "PSI (In-charge)", "unit": "Newasa PS, Ahilyanagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "PSI (In-charge), Newasa PS, Ahilyanagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Executive Magistrate", "unit": "Newasa", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:unclear", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "unclear", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.34, "jev_p_culpable": 0.42, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Executive Magistrate, Newasa" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Newasa man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 10000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1791716/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench, Justices S.S. Parkar and D.S. Zoting) awarded symbolic compensation of Rs 10,000 to a Newasa man for a mala fide 2.5-day detention in May 1990. Arrested on 5 May 1990 on a threat complaint by a witness in an earlier criminal case against him, he was kept in custody without any magistrate's orders and produced only on 7 May 1990 in s.110 chapter proceedings, then released on a Rs 1,000 bond. The Court held arrest under s.41(2) CrPC without obtaining s.113 orders was unwarranted and unexplained, granted compensation (kept symbolic for lapse of time) payable in four weeks via the Additional Registrar, and left the State free to inquire and proceed against the erring officer including by criminal action. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench, Justices S.S. Parkar and D.S. Zoting) awarded symbolic compensation of Rs 10,000 to a Newasa man for a mala fide 2.5-day detention in May 1990. Arrested on 5 May 1990 on a threat complaint by a witness in an earlier criminal case against him, he was kept in custody without any magistrate's orders and produced only on 7 May 1990 in s.110 chapter proceedings, then released on a Rs 1,000 bond. The Court held arrest under s.41(2) CrPC without obtaining s.113 orders was unwarranted and unexplained, granted compensation (kept symbolic for lapse of time) payable in four weeks via the Additional Registrar, and left the State free to inquire and proceed against the erring officer including by criminal action.", "court_quote": "As we have come to the conclusion that the petitioner was kept in detention for a period of two and half days without producing him before the appropriate authority with mala fide intention without giving any explanation justifying the said detention, the petitioner is entitled for payment of compensation.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC judgment verified on Indian Kanoon; symbolic Rs 10,000 for mala fide 2.5-day detention matches.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2002-01-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 10,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2002)104BOMLR8", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1791716/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-53" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-089", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2002-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0253", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Aurangabad Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Aurangabad Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar", "district_at_time": "Aurangabad", "city_town": "Aurangabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Kranti Chowk Police Station (arrest by City Chowk Police)", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Aurangabad Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": null, "citation": "2003(2) Bom CR 215; 2002(4) Mh LJ 37", "judges": [ "S.S. Parkar", "D.S. Zoting" ], "judgment_date": "2002-02-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2002, "incident_date": "1994-11-08", "incident_year": 1994, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Special Squad, Aurangabad City police", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Special Squad, Aurangabad City police" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Kranti Chowk Police Station, Aurangabad", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.95, "jev_p_culpable": 0.03, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Kranti Chowk Police Station, Aurangabad" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Kranti Chowk / City Chowk / Osmanpura Police Stations", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Kranti Chowk / City Chowk / Osmanpura Police Stations" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 32, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Aurangabad man, age 32" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1880596/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that an Aurangabad man, arrested on 30-10-1994 and found dead in the Kranti Chowk lock-up on the night of 8/9 November 1994 after about ten days in custody, died a homicidal custodial death following torture. The court rejected the police suicide-by-hanging story as physically impossible and a concocted cover-up, distrusted the CID inquiry as disguising police sins, and called the inquest dishonest. Holding the State liable in public law, it awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation (Rs 50,000 cash to the widow, Rs 1.5 lakh in fixed deposit for the children) plus Rs 5,000 costs. It further directed the CBI to register a case, investigate and prosecute those responsible, and ordered disciplinary proceedings against them. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that an Aurangabad man, arrested on 30-10-1994 and found dead in the Kranti Chowk lock-up on the night of 8/9 November 1994 after about ten days in custody, died a homicidal custodial death following torture. The court rejected the police suicide-by-hanging story as physically impossible and a concocted cover-up, distrusted the CID inquiry as disguising police sins, and called the inquest dishonest. Holding the State liable in public law, it awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation (Rs 50,000 cash to the widow, Rs 1.5 lakh in fixed deposit for the children) plus Rs 5,000 costs. It further directed the CBI to register a case, investigate and prosecute those responsible, and ordered disciplinary proceedings against them.", "court_quote": "This is especially so when we are not in doubt that from the facts and circumstances of the case and the false story attempted to be put up by the police, the police alone are responsible for the death of the deceased while he was in their custody.", "court_quote_para": "24", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Aurangabad) held homicidal custodial death; Rs 2L compensation + CBI probe ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2002-02-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2003(2) Bom CR 215; 2002(4) Mh LJ 37", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1880596/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-09", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-012", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2002-0031", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1136", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Manegaon Woman vs [name withheld] & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Manegaon Woman vs [name withheld] & Anr.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Bhandara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Manegaon (Bazar)", "police_station_or_unit": "Veltur Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Manegaon Woman vs [name withheld] & Anr.", "case_number": "Criminal W.P. No. 103 of 2002", "citation": "(2002) 4 MhLj 865; (2003) BomCR (Cri) 338", "judges": [ "V.M. Kanade, J.", "R.K. Batta, J." ], "judgment_date": "2002-09-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2002, "incident_date": "1998-03-05", "incident_year": 1998, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226", "IPC 143" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Station Officer", "unit": "Veltur Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Station Officer, Veltur Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Manegaon woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1955757/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/803813/sharda-narayan-bhongade-appellant-hash-surendra-jagmohan-pali-and-another-respondent/" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held that Police Station Officer of Veltur falsely arrayed housewife Sharda Bhongade as an accused in a 1995 morcha case without any investigation, showing blatant disregard for the rule of law. The court found she suffered mental and physical agony, monetary loss and loss of self-esteem until her discharge by the Judicial Magistrate First Class, Kuhi, in clear violation of her Article 21 rights. It directed the State Government to pay her Rs. 25,000 compensation within four weeks of communication of the order, with liberty to recover half the amount from the delinquent officer. The petition began as a letter dated 6 February 2002 converted into a criminal writ petition. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held that Police Station Officer of Veltur falsely arrayed housewife Sharda Bhongade as an accused in a 1995 morcha case without any investigation, showing blatant disregard for the rule of law. The court found she suffered mental and physical agony, monetary loss and loss of self-esteem until her discharge by the Judicial Magistrate First Class, Kuhi, in clear violation of her Article 21 rights. It directed the State Government to pay her Rs. 25,000 compensation within four weeks of communication of the order, with liberty to recover half the amount from the delinquent officer. The petition began as a letter dated 6 February 2002 converted into a criminal writ petition.", "court_quote": "The Police Officers are supposed to be the custodian and guardians of the citizens of this country. However, from the facts of this case, it appears that the respondent No. 1 instead of protecting the interest of the citizens has callously and negligently implicated the petitioner in the aforesaid criminal case.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held false implication without investigation; Rs 25,000 compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2002-09-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2002) 4 MhLj 865; (2003) BomCR (Cri) 338", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1955757/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/803813/sharda-narayan-bhongade-appellant-hash-surendra-jagmohan-pali-and-another-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-20-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2003-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1134", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Aurangabad Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Aurangabad Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar", "district_at_time": "Aurangabad", "city_town": "Aurangabad", "police_station_or_unit": "City Chowk Police Station, Aurangabad", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Aurangabad Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 431 of 2001", "citation": "(2003) 105 BOMLR 302; 2003(2) ALD (Cri) 82", "judges": [ "B.B. Vagyani, J.", "A.S. Bagga, J." ], "judgment_date": "2003-03-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2003, "incident_date": "2001-04-28", "incident_year": 2001, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.22", "Constitution Art.226", "CrPC 41" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "City Chowk Police Station, Aurangabad", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, City Chowk Police Station, Aurangabad" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": 76, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Aurangabad man, age 76" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1034368/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/782579/dinkarrao-pole-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-and-others/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Replace 'with a B Summary sought' with 'and moved the Magistrate for discharge of the petitioner (para 8)'. The judgment never uses the term 'B Summary'. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Replace 'with a B Summary sought' with 'and moved the Magistrate for discharge of the petitioner (para 8)'. The judgment never uses the term 'B Summary'.", "court_quote": "Having examined the case of the petitioner, in the light of the pronouncements of the Supreme Court referred above, we are of the clear opinion that the arrest and detention of the petitioner was unjustified. The arrest and detention of the petitioner was mischievous and malicious. The fundamental right of the petitioner has been abrogated by illegal arrest and detention.", "court_quote_para": "28", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held arrest/detention malicious; Rs 25,000 compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2003-03-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2003) 105 BOMLR 302; 2003(2) ALD (Cri) 82", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1034368/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/782579/dinkarrao-pole-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-and-others/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-20-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2003-0018", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1135", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Bhandara Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Bhandara Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Bhandara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bhandara", "police_station_or_unit": "Central Jail, Bhandara", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Bhandara Man vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 287 of 2000", "citation": "2003(2) ALD (Cri) 122; 2003(4) MHLJ 436", "judges": [ "R.M.S. Khandeparkar, J.", "P.S. Brahme, J." ], "judgment_date": "2003-04-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2003, "incident_date": "2000-01-01", "incident_year": 2000, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art.21", "Constitution Art.226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Central Jail, Bhandara", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Central Jail, Bhandara" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Central Jail, Bhandara", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Central Jail, Bhandara" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Central Jail, Bhandara", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Central Jail, Bhandara" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Central Jail, Bhandara", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Central Jail, Bhandara" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Central Jail, Bhandara", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Central Jail, Bhandara" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Bhandara man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1599372/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1022868/", "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/814108/shobha-londase-vs-state-of-maharashtra-and-others/" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court held that undertrial a Bhandara man died a custodial death in Central Jail, Bhandara after five named personnel forced him into wrestling practice, fracturing his waist and neck bones; he was hospitalised in January 2000 and death was reported on 8 February 2000. The court found him a victim of barbaric treatment by servants of the State and directed the State to pay his widow Rs. 3,00,000 compensation plus Rs. 2,000 costs. It further ordered an inquiry fixing responsibility, recovery of the sum from those responsible, and initiation of legal proceedings against all persons responsible for the death, with compliance reports due in 2003-2004. A criminal proceeding against one jail staff member was already on record. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court held that undertrial a Bhandara man died a custodial death in Central Jail, Bhandara after five named personnel forced him into wrestling practice, fracturing his waist and neck bones; he was hospitalised in January 2000 and death was reported on 8 February 2000. The court found him a victim of barbaric treatment by servants of the State and directed the State to pay his widow Rs. 3,00,000 compensation plus Rs. 2,000 costs. It further ordered an inquiry fixing responsibility, recovery of the sum from those responsible, and initiation of legal proceedings against all persons responsible for the death, with compliance reports due in 2003-2004. A criminal proceeding against one jail staff member was already on record.", "court_quote": "The deceased being victim of barbaric treatment by the servants of the State, it is primarily the responsibility of the State to pay the compensation with the right to recover the same from its servants who are responsible for the custodial death of Anil after holding inquiry in that regard and fixing the liability.", "court_quote_para": "22", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC found custodial death; Rs 3L compensation; jail staff called police personnel in judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2003-04-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2003(2) ALD (Cri) 122; 2003(4) MHLJ 436", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1599372/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1022868/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/814108/shobha-londase-vs-state-of-maharashtra-and-others/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-102" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-20-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2004-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1110", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sangli District Police personnel vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Sangli District Police personnel vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Sangli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Sangli", "police_station_or_unit": "Sangli Police Headquarters (magazine-room/guard-room duty)", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Sangli District Police personnel vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 522 of 1997", "citation": "(2004) 9 SCC 31; AIR 2004 SC 2678", "judges": [ "Y. K. Sabharwal", "Arijit Pasayat" ], "judgment_date": "2004-03-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2004, "incident_date": "1983-07-18", "incident_year": 1983, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 307", "Arms Act 1959 s.27" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Sangli District Police Headquarters, Maharashtra Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Sangli District Police Headquarters, Maharashtra Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Sangli man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 5, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1930505/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609ae05e4b0149711412b8b" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court upheld the conviction of policeman for attempting to murder his sleeping colleague-relative a Sangli man with a service.303 rifle at the Sangli police headquarters guard room on 18 July 1983. The Court held intention and knowledge under Section 307 IPC proved, the bullet having struck the cot springs with splinters piercing the victim's leg, and sustained the Bombay High Court's upgrade of the trial court's Section 324 conviction to Section 307. It observed that a guardian of law firing in a public place deserved severe punishment but reduced the Section 307 term from ten to five years' RI given the peculiar background. The Arms Act conviction was maintained; the appeal otherwise stands dismissed.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court upheld the conviction of policeman for attempting to murder his sleeping colleague-relative a Sangli man with a service.303 rifle at the Sangli police headquarters guard room on 18 July 1983. The Court held intention and knowledge under Section 307 IPC proved, the bullet having struck the cot springs with splinters piercing the victim's leg, and sustained the Bombay High Court's upgrade of the trial court's Section 324 conviction to Section 307. It observed that a guardian of law firing in a public place deserved severe punishment but reduced the Section 307 term from ten to five years' RI given the peculiar background. The Arms Act conviction was maintained; the appeal otherwise stands dismissed.", "court_quote": "Both intention and knowledge in terms of Section 307 can be attributed to the accused. Therefore, the High Court was justified in recording conviction of the accused-appellant under Section 307 IPC.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Police accused's s.307 IPC + Arms Act conviction upheld (private/family dispute, not colour of duty); sentence cut 10 to 5 years RI.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2004) 9 SCC 31; AIR 2004 SC 2678", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2004-03-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(2004) 9 SCC 31; AIR 2004 SC 2678", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1930505/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609ae05e4b0149711412b8b", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-99" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-128-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2005-0002", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0238", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Sheela Nagpur Man vs Home Department and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Sheela Nagpur Man vs Home Department and Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": "Nagpur", "city_town": "Nagpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Gittikhadan and Police Station Lakadganj, Nagpur", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Sheela Nagpur Man vs Home Department and Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 328 of 2002", "citation": "2005 Cri LJ 2224", "judges": [ "J.N. Patel", "S.T. Kharche" ], "judgment_date": "2005-01-27", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2005, "incident_date": "2002-02-27", "incident_year": 2002, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 330", "IPC 342", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.91, "jev_p_culpable": 0.1, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.09, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.91, "jev_p_culpable": 0.12, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.91, "jev_p_culpable": 0.1, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Police Station Gittikhadan, Nagpur" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 40, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Nagpur man, age 40" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 800000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1078209/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/924689/sheela-s-yerpude-appellant-hash-home-department-and-others-respondent/" ], "summary": "Sudhakar Yerpude, a Nagpur goldsmith, was picked up by Lakadganj police on 9 February 2002, detained for three days without any arrest record, and released only after handing over gold, silver and Rs 15,000, the court found. He was picked up again by Gittikhadan police on the night of 27 February 2002 and tortured to death in custody, a custodial death the State did not dispute and the CID confirmed, charge-sheeting four policemen for murder. The Division Bench held both detentions violated Articles 21 and 22 and the D.K. Basu safeguards, awarded Rs 8 lakh compensation plus Rs 10,000 costs to the widow and minor children, and permitted recovery from the responsible officers of both police stations. The court stressed the award must deter officers from such illegal acts. Crime No. 76 of 2002 was registered against Sub-Inspector, Head Constables and [name withheld], and Constable, who were arrested on 11 April 2002; the court recorded no finding of guilt against any individual, leaving guilt to the trial. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Sudhakar Yerpude, a Nagpur goldsmith, was picked up by Lakadganj police on 9 February 2002, detained for three days without any arrest record, and released only after handing over gold, silver and Rs 15,000, the court found. He was picked up again by Gittikhadan police on the night of 27 February 2002 and tortured to death in custody, a custodial death the State did not dispute and the CID confirmed, charge-sheeting four policemen for murder. The Division Bench held both detentions violated Articles 21 and 22 and the D.K. Basu safeguards, awarded Rs 8 lakh compensation plus Rs 10,000 costs to the widow and minor children, and permitted recovery from the responsible officers of both police stations. The court stressed the award must deter officers from such illegal acts.", "court_quote": "the compensation, which is to be awarded, should also have a deterrent effect on the State so that its officers should not be encouraged to indulge in such illegal acts", "court_quote_para": "null -> '32'", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "ACCEPT: full judgment text verified via courtkutchehry mirror (2005 CriLJ 2224); custodial death established, Rs 8 lakh plus Rs 10,000 costs awarded with recovery permitted from officers of both stations; criminal trial (Crime No. 76/2002) against Gittikhadan officers pending at judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2005-01-27", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 800,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2005 Cri LJ 2224", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1078209/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/924689/sheela-s-yerpude-appellant-hash-home-department-and-others-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-023", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2005-0011", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1139", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State of Maharashtra & Anr. vs Navi Mumbai Police Police Constable", "display_title_redacted": "State of Maharashtra & Anr. vs Navi Mumbai Police Police Constable", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Navi Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Office of the Commissioner of Police, Navi Mumbai", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "State of Maharashtra & Anr. vs Navi Mumbai Police Police Constable", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 4622 of 2003", "citation": "(2005) 4 BomCR 67", "judges": [ "F.I. Rebello", "S.P. Kukday" ], "judgment_date": "2005-03-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2005, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Bombay Police Act 1951", "Bombay Police (Punishment and Appeals) Rules 1956" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Office of the Commissioner of Police, Navi Mumbai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Office of the Commissioner of Police, Navi Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://ia803208.us.archive.org/16/items/india.highcourt.judgement.hcbm010212052002/HCBM010212052002.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/811904/state-of-maharashtra-and-another-appellant-hash-dilip-anant-surve-respondent/", "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?caseId=315002323000&title=state-of-maharashtra-vs-dilip-anant-surve" ], "summary": "Police Constable was dismissed from service on 13.05.1999 after a departmental enquiry (June-October 1998), but the Maharashtra Administrative Tribunal set aside the dismissal as without authority of law. The State's writ petition relied on a later MAT Full Bench holding that enquiry powers under the Bombay Police (Punishment and Appeals) Rules 1956 subsist. The court set aside the MAT order, declined to interfere with the punishment noting [name withheld]'s subsequent 569-day unauthorised absence, and protected wages paid since reinstatement. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Police Constable was dismissed from service on 13.05.1999 after a departmental enquiry (June-October 1998), but the Maharashtra Administrative Tribunal set aside the dismissal as without authority of law. The State's writ petition relied on a later MAT Full Bench holding that enquiry powers under the Bombay Police (Punishment and Appeals) Rules 1956 subsist. The court set aside the MAT order, declined to interfere with the punishment noting [name withheld]'s subsequent 569-day unauthorised absence, and protected wages paid since reinstatement.", "court_quote": "That being the case, we are not inclined to interfere with the punishment imposed.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC set aside MAT order; police constable's dismissal from service restored.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2005-03-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "(2005) 4 BomCR 67", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://ia803208.us.archive.org/16/items/india.highcourt.judgement.hcbm010212052002/HCBM010212052002.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/811904/state-of-maharashtra-and-another-appellant-hash-dilip-anant-surve-respondent/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?caseId=315002323000&title=state-of-maharashtra-vs-dilip-anant-surve", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-103" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-21-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2005-0006", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0242", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The Senior Inspector of Police and Ors. vs Shri [name withheld]", "display_title_redacted": "The Senior Inspector of Police and Ors. vs Shri [name withheld]", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Pune", "district_at_time": "Pune", "city_town": "Pune", "police_station_or_unit": "Khadki Police Station, Pune", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The Senior Inspector of Police and Ors. vs Shri [name withheld]", "case_number": "Writ Petition against MAT order dated 12.11.2002 in Original Application No. 602 of 2002", "citation": "2005(5) Bom CR 294", "judges": [ "R.M. Lodha", "R.S. Mohite" ], "judgment_date": "2005-04-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2005, "incident_date": "1993-05-28", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "Prevention of Corruption Act 7", "Prevention of Corruption Act 13(1)(d) read with 13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Khadki Police Station, Pune", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.71, "jev_p_culpable": 0.57, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Khadki Police Station, Pune" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Pune man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/665528/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "Head Constable of Khadki Police Station, Pune, was trapped by the Anti-Corruption Department on 28.5.1993 accepting illegal gratification for returning complainant [name withheld]'s tempo and documents, and convicted by the Special Court, Pune on 19.10.2001 (6 months RI plus Rs 7,500 fine). He was dismissed from service on 20.3.2002 under clause (a) of the second proviso to Article 311(2), but the Maharashtra Administrative Tribunal set aside the dismissal and ordered reinstatement with backwages. The Division Bench held that suspension of sentence/conviction under section 389 CrPC pending appeal (Criminal Appeal 916/2001) does not wipe out the conviction or the underlying conduct, and that a public servant held guilty of corruption must be treated as corrupt until exonerated by a superior court. It allowed the writ petition, set aside the Tribunal's judgment and dismissed the original application, restoring the dismissal; the plea for stay was rejected. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Head Constable of Khadki Police Station, Pune, was trapped by the Anti-Corruption Department on 28.5.1993 accepting illegal gratification for returning complainant [name withheld]'s tempo and documents, and convicted by the Special Court, Pune on 19.10.2001 (6 months RI plus Rs 7,500 fine). He was dismissed from service on 20.3.2002 under clause (a) of the second proviso to Article 311(2), but the Maharashtra Administrative Tribunal set aside the dismissal and ordered reinstatement with backwages. The Division Bench held that suspension of sentence/conviction under section 389 CrPC pending appeal (Criminal Appeal 916/2001) does not wipe out the conviction or the underlying conduct, and that a public servant held guilty of corruption must be treated as corrupt until exonerated by a superior court. It allowed the writ petition, set aside the Tribunal's judgment and dismissed the original application, restoring the dismissal; the plea for stay was rejected.", "court_quote": "Replace paraphrase with verbatim: 'When a public servant was found guilty of corruption after a judicial adjudicatory process conducted by a Court of law, judiciousness demands that he should be treated as corrupt until he is exonerated by a superior Court.'", "court_quote_para": "null -> '19 (quoting K.C. Sareen v. CBI, AIR 2001 SC 3320)'", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Judgment text verified on indiankanoon (doc 665528). Division Bench allowed the State's writ, held the MAT order dated 12.11.2002 legally erroneous, set it aside and dismissed OA 602/2002, restoring the dismissal of a Head Constable convicted under the Prevention of Corruption Act. Accused is police; disciplinary action upheld on merits.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2005-04-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2005(5) Bom CR 294", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/665528/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-009", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2006-0014", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0735", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "P. S. T. v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "P. S. T. v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Gondia", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Arjuni Morgaon", "police_station_or_unit": "Arjuni (Mor) Police Station, Gondia", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "P. S. T. v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": null, "citation": "2006 CriLJ 2202", "judges": [ "J.N. Patel", "R.C. Chavan" ], "judgment_date": "2006-01-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2006, "incident_date": "1990-01-01", "incident_year": 1990, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 22", "Constitution Art. 226", "Juvenile Justice Act 1986", "Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2000", "SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 s.3(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Station Officer", "unit": "Arjuni (Mor) Police Station, Gondia", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.5, "jev_p_culpable": 0.67, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Station Officer, Arjuni (Mor) Police Station, Gondia" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Officer", "unit": "Chichgarh, Deori, Gondia", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Officer, Chichgarh, Deori, Gondia" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": 13, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Arjuni Morgaon girl, age 13", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": 13, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "a 13-year-old girl" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1095603/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "a 13-year-old girl, a 13-year-old Gond tribal girl, was seized from her home at midnight in 1990, hanged from a tree in the Keshori forest and beaten unconscious, then illegally detained for years with her arrest recorded only in 1993 and falsely implicated in three serious cases including under TADA, all ending in acquittal by the Juvenile Court for want of evidence. The Court rejected the State's cover-up, holding the detention, torture and false prosecution corroborated and monitored with senior officers' tacit consent. It ordered the State to pay Rs 5 lakh compensation plus Rs 10,000 costs within four weeks. It further directed a DIG-led Special Investigation Team of the State CID, including a lady SP, to fix responsibility, prosecute the guilty officers and recover the compensation, with an action-taken report in six months. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Parbatabai, a 13-year-old Gond tribal girl, was seized from her home at midnight in 1990, hanged from a tree in the Keshori forest and beaten unconscious, then illegally detained for years with her arrest recorded only in 1993 and falsely implicated in three serious cases including under TADA, all ending in acquittal by the Juvenile Court for want of evidence. The Court rejected the State's cover-up, holding the detention, torture and false prosecution corroborated and monitored with senior officers' tacit consent. It ordered the State to pay Rs 5 lakh compensation plus Rs 10,000 costs within four weeks. It further directed a DIG-led Special Investigation Team of the State CID, including a lady SP, to fix responsibility, prosecute the guilty officers and recover the compensation, with an action-taken report in six months.", "court_quote": "In our considered opinion, the contentions of the petitioner that she was arrested, illegally detained and tortured and thereafter falsely implicated in these three cases stand well corroborated and there is no reason to disbelieve her on this count.", "court_quote_para": "18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held illegal detention/torture/false implication proved, awarded Rs 5 lakh + SIT probe; matches outcome.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2006-01-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2006 CriLJ 2202", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1095603/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-54" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-094", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2006-0027", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1113", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "State Reserve Police personnel vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "State Reserve Police personnel vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "State Reserve Police, Maharashtra", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "State Reserve Police personnel vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 1512-1513 of 2005", "citation": "(2006) 12 SCC 512", "judges": [ "S. B. Sinha", "Dalveer Bhandari" ], "judgment_date": "2006-10-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2006, "incident_date": "1988-09-03", "incident_year": 1988, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 302" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "State Reserve Police, Maharashtra", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, State Reserve Police, Maharashtra" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Maharashtra woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1160791/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of [name withheld], an employee of the State Reserve Police, against his concurrent conviction under Section 302 IPC for the murder of a Maharashtra woman on 3 September 1988. The Court credited the last-seen evidence of PWs 1, 3 and 4, corroborated by medical evidence, and held absence of proved motive immaterial in a circumstantial case of this kind. It found the circumstances amply supported the prosecution case and dismissed the appeal, leaving the courts-below sentence standing. The offence was private-context, not under colour of police duty; the SC text states no district or sentence terms. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of [name withheld], an employee of the State Reserve Police, against his concurrent conviction under Section 302 IPC for the murder of a Maharashtra woman on 3 September 1988. The Court credited the last-seen evidence of PWs 1, 3 and 4, corroborated by medical evidence, and held absence of proved motive immaterial in a circumstantial case of this kind. It found the circumstances amply supported the prosecution case and dismissed the appeal, leaving the courts-below sentence standing. The offence was private-context, not under colour of police duty; the SC text states no district or sentence terms.", "court_quote": "We, therefore, have no hesitation in affirming the judgment of the learned Sessions Judge as also the High Court and hold that the circumstances brought on record by the prosecution clearly demonstrate that it was Appellant alone who committed the murder and in that view of the matter absence of motive would be immaterial.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Murder conviction of serving SRP employee upheld on last-seen + medical evidence (private-context offence); sentence terms unstated.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "(2006) 12 SCC 512", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2006-10-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "(2006) 12 SCC 512", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1160791/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-99" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-129-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0020", "status": "overturned", "merged_id": "CWC-1140", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The State of Maharashtra vs Kolhapur Police Inspector and others", "display_title_redacted": "The State of Maharashtra vs Kolhapur Police Inspector and others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Kolhapur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kolhapur", "police_station_or_unit": "Shahupuri Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The State of Maharashtra vs Kolhapur Police Inspector and others", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1084 of 1988 with Criminal Revision Application No. 82 of 1989", "citation": null, "judges": [ "D.G. Deshpande", "S.R. Sathe" ], "judgment_date": "2007-03-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1985-12-17", "incident_year": 1985, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 302 r/w 34", "IPC 342 r/w 34", "IPC 218 r/w 34", "IPC 193 r/w 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Shahupuri Police Station, Kolhapur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Shahupuri Police Station, Kolhapur" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Shahupuri Police Station, Kolhapur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Shahupuri Police Station, Kolhapur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Shahupuri Police Station, Kolhapur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector, Shahupuri Police Station, Kolhapur" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 25, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kolhapur man, age 25" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1774485/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://archive.org/download/india.highcourt.judgement.hcbm010000181988/HCBM010000181988.pdf" ], "summary": "Arun Pandav, 25, was picked up from his home around midnight on 16.12.1985 by Shahupuri police probing an elopement case and found dead with 19 injuries in the lock-up on 17.12.1985. The Sessions Court acquitted all 11 accused policemen, accepting a heart-failure theory. The court held Arun died of assault in the lock-up, the arrest panchanama and station records were fabricated, and convicted accused Nos.1-3 under ss.302/342/218/193 r/w s.34 IPC with concurrent life terms, upholding the acquittal of the other eight. Later proceedings: on 19 November 2013, the Supreme Court of India set aside the order recorded in this judgment (concerning [name withheld], [name withheld]); the outcome recorded here therefore does not stand. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Arun Pandav, 25, was picked up from his home around midnight on 16.12.1985 by Shahupuri police probing an elopement case and found dead with 19 injuries in the lock-up on 17.12.1985. The Sessions Court acquitted all 11 accused policemen, accepting a heart-failure theory. The court held Arun died of assault in the lock-up, the arrest panchanama and station records were fabricated, and convicted accused Nos.1-3 under ss.302/342/218/193 r/w s.34 IPC with concurrent life terms, upholding the acquittal of the other eight.", "court_quote": "Accused Nos. 1, 2 and 3 are held guilty Under Section 302 r/w 34 of the Indian Penal Code and they are sentenced to suffer imprisonment for life with fine of Rs. 5,000/- in default to suffer R.I. for two years.", "court_quote_para": "Operative order (after para 77)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC reversed acquittal; 3 Shahupuri policemen convicted of custodial murder, life terms.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2007-03-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 1084 of 1988 with Criminal Revision Application No. 82 of 1989", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2013-11-19", "action_type": "Acquitted on appeal", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "Later proceedings: on 19 November 2013, the Supreme Court of India set aside the order recorded in this judgment (concerning [name withheld], [name withheld]); the outcome recorded here therefore does not stand.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Conviction not standing", "source": "https://hcraj.nic.in/sci/2007/4-1004-2007_2013-11-19.pdf", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2013-11-19", "url": "https://hcraj.nic.in/sci/2007/4-1004-2007_2013-11-19.pdf", "outcome": "acquitted_on_appeal" }, { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2013-11-19", "url": "https://hcraj.nic.in/sci/2007/4-1004-2007_2013-11-19.pdf", "outcome": "conviction_set_aside" } ], "final_outcome_url": "https://hcraj.nic.in/sci/2007/4-1004-2007_2013-11-19.pdf", "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1774485/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://archive.org/download/india.highcourt.judgement.hcbm010000181988/HCBM010000181988.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-103" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-21-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2007-0032", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0769", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nagpur Police Police Inspector and others vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Nagpur Police Police Inspector and others vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nagpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Nagpur Police Police Inspector and others vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 393, 394, 395, 397, 419 and 420 of 1995", "citation": "LAWS(BOM)-2007-12-88", "judges": [], "judgment_date": "2007-12-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2007, "incident_date": "1993-06-24", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 330", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch, Nagpur" } ], "officer_count": 9, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Nagpur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 3, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=317002648100&title=bhaskar-sitaram-narule-vs-state-of-maharashatra", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2018/september/yashwant-etc-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-1", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5b8eba5b9eff430c43a25751" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) upheld the conviction of nine Nagpur Crime Branch policemen under Section 330 IPC for custodially torturing a Nagpur man, picked up from his home around 1 a.m. on 24 June 1993 and found dead in the lock-up that morning with 23 injuries. The Court dismissed the State appeals against acquittal for murder and for enhancement, acquitted the nine of the ss.354/355/342 charges and acquitted A-10 (Raghunath Bhakte) entirely. The Supreme Court (Yashwant Etc. vs State of Maharashtra, 4 September 2018) sustained the s.330 guilt, rejected the superior-orders defence, and enhanced the 3-year sentence to seven years rigorous imprisonment; A-1's appeal had abated on his death.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) upheld the conviction of nine Nagpur Crime Branch policemen under Section 330 IPC for custodially torturing a Nagpur man, picked up from his home around 1 a.m. on 24 June 1993 and found dead in the lock-up that morning with 23 injuries. The Court dismissed the State appeals against acquittal for murder and for enhancement, acquitted the nine of the ss.354/355/342 charges and acquitted A-10 (Raghunath Bhakte) entirely. The Supreme Court (Yashwant Etc. vs State of Maharashtra, 4 September 2018) sustained the s.330 guilt, rejected the superior-orders defence, and enhanced the 3-year sentence to seven years rigorous imprisonment; A-1's appeal had abated on his death.", "court_quote": "By order dated 13.12.2007, the High Court dismissed the appeal preferred by the State being Criminal Appeal Nos. 419 and 420 of 1995, but partly allowed the appeals preferred by the accused officer by acquitting accused no. 1 to 9 of the offences punishable under Sections 354, 355, 342 read with 34 of IPC, however, upheld the conviction under Section 330 of IPC.", "court_quote_para": "10 (of SC judgment Yashwant Etc. vs State of Maharashtra, 4 Sept 2018, Criminal Appeal Nos. 385-386 of 2008 etc.)", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC text paywalled; substance corroborated verbatim by SC judgment recording the 13.12.2007 order.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "LAWS(BOM)-2007-12-88", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2007-12-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "LAWS(BOM)-2007-12-88", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=317002648100&title=bhaskar-sitaram-narule-vs-state-of-maharashatra", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2018/september/yashwant-etc-vs-the-state-of-maharashtra-1", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5b8eba5b9eff430c43a25751", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-57" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-10-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2008-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1138", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Aurangabad Police Police Head Constable and others vs The State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Aurangabad Police Police Head Constable and others vs The State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar", "district_at_time": "Aurangabad", "city_town": "Aurangabad", "police_station_or_unit": "Waluj Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Aurangabad Police Police Head Constable and others vs The State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 594 of 1996", "citation": null, "judges": [ "K.U. Chandiwal" ], "judgment_date": "2008-11-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2008, "incident_date": "1991-04-30", "incident_year": 1991, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "corruption", "admin_subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory": "bribery_pc_act", "subcategory_display": "bribery pc act", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "PC Act 1988 s.7", "PC Act 1988 s.13(1)(d) r/w s.13(2)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Head Constable", "unit": "Waluj Police Station, Aurangabad", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Head Constable, Waluj Police Station, Aurangabad" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": null, "descriptor": "Aurangabad resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/352580/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Police Head Constable demanded Rs.500 from complainant [name withheld] to desist from arresting two men in a land-dispute inquiry at Waluj, Aurangabad, taking Rs.100 on 27.04.1991 and the Rs.400 balance in an ACB trap at Rajasthan Upahargriha on 30.04.1991. The Special Judge, Aurangabad convicted him under ss.7 and 13(1)(d) r/w 13(2) of the PC Act 1988 (1 year RI + Rs.300 fine on each count). The court held sanction valid, the panch evidence credible, and demand, acceptance and recovery of tainted notes proved, dismissing the appeal and directing surrender on 08.12.2008.", "summary_verified": "Police Head Constable demanded Rs.500 from complainant [name withheld] to desist from arresting two men in a land-dispute inquiry at Waluj, Aurangabad, taking Rs.100 on 27.04.1991 and the Rs.400 balance in an ACB trap at Rajasthan Upahargriha on 30.04.1991. The Special Judge, Aurangabad convicted him under ss.7 and 13(1)(d) r/w 13(2) of the PC Act 1988 (1 year RI + Rs.300 fine on each count). The court held sanction valid, the panch evidence credible, and demand, acceptance and recovery of tainted notes proved, dismissing the appeal and directing surrender on 08.12.2008.", "court_quote": "Thus, the crystallisation of the evidence establishes that there was motive, demand, acceptance and recovery of the tainted notes.", "court_quote_para": "18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC confirmed PHC's PC Act conviction; motive, demand, acceptance and recovery proved.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 594 of 1996", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2008-11-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 594 of 1996", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/352580/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-103" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-21-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2009-0024", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1142", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pusad Man & Anr. vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Pusad Man & Anr. vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Yavatmal", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Pusad", "police_station_or_unit": "Pusad Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pusad Man & Anr. vs State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": null, "citation": "2009 (6) Mh.L.J. 1002", "judges": [ "A.P. Lavande" ], "judgment_date": "2009-05-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2009, "incident_date": "2003-10-24", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 201" ], "officers": [], "officer_count": 10, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 40, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Pusad man, age 40" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=319002347000&title=satyavatibai-vs-state-of-maharashtra", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/960462/", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56b4954f607dba348f011d69" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Inderjitsingh Chauhan was arrested by Pusad police on 24.10.2003 and died in police custody; a three-doctor panel post-mortem showed antemortem injuries and CID registered ss.302/201 IPC against ten police personnel. His mother and brother sought Rs.10 lakh compensation under Article 226. The court held the custodial death established and awarded Rs.5,00,000 compensation to the heirs, with liberty to the State to recover from the erring officers. Full primary text was paywalled; facts and quantum corroborated by the-laws/casemine headnotes and a later Bombay HC judgment citing this case. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Inderjitsingh Chauhan was arrested by Pusad police on 24.10.2003 and died in police custody; a three-doctor panel post-mortem showed antemortem injuries and CID registered ss.302/201 IPC against ten police personnel. His mother and brother sought Rs.10 lakh compensation under Article 226. The court held the custodial death established and awarded Rs.5,00,000 compensation to the heirs, with liberty to the State to recover from the erring officers. Full primary text was paywalled; facts and quantum corroborated by the-laws/casemine headnotes and a later Bombay HC judgment citing this case.", "court_quote": "the petitioners seek direction against respondent No. 1 to pay compensation of Rs. Ten lakhs to the heirs of the deceased [name withheld]", "court_quote_para": "1", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held custodial death established; Rs 5 lakh compensation (via headnote + citing HC judgment).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2009-05-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2009 (6) Mh.L.J. 1002", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/browse/Case?caseId=319002347000&title=satyavatibai-vs-state-of-maharashtra", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/960462/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56b4954f607dba348f011d69", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-103" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-22-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2010-0032", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1278", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gowtham vs Senior Inspector of Police, Narcotic Cell CBCID Mumbai and Another", "display_title_redacted": "Gowtham vs Senior Inspector of Police, Narcotic Cell CBCID Mumbai and Another", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Azad Maidan Police Station lock-up, Mumbai (taken from Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu)", "court": "Madras High Court", "court_as_verified": "Madras High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gowtham vs Senior Inspector of Police, Narcotic Cell CBCID Mumbai and Another", "case_number": "W.P. No.2933 of 1997", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S. Nagamuthu" ], "judgment_date": "2010-08-24", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2010, "incident_date": "1997-03-01", "incident_year": 1997, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Inspector of Police", "unit": "Narcotic Cell, CBCID, Mumbai-1", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Inspector of Police, Narcotic Cell, CBCID, Mumbai-1" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Narcotic Cell, CBCID, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Narcotic Cell, CBCID, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Inspector of Police", "unit": "Narcotic Cell, CBCID, Mumbai-1", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Inspector of Police, Narcotic Cell, CBCID, Mumbai-1" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector of Police", "unit": "Tamil Nadu police (assisted identification at Tuticorin)", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector of Police, Tamil Nadu police (assisted identification at Tuticorin)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Azad Maidan Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Azad Maidan Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Azad Maidan Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Azad Maidan Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Night Police Inspector", "unit": "Azad Maidan Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Night Police Inspector, Azad Maidan Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": 57, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 57" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 250000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1519892/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Madras High Court records the following account. Mumbai Narcotic Cell police took a Mumbai man, aged about 57, into custody at Tuticorin on 20.2.1997 for interrogation in NDPS Crime No.18/1997, showed arrest only on 25.2.1997, and lodged him in the Azad Maidan lock-up, where he died on 1.3.1997. Though the autopsy and CBI found death by natural disease without injuries, the CBI confirmed transit-remand procedure was skipped and no medical examination was done. The Court held the arrest illegal, custody till 25.2.1997 illegal, and the deceased denied legal and medical assistance despite acute asthma and put to enormous mental torture. It directed the State of Maharashtra to pay Rs.2,50,000 compensation to the family. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Mumbai Narcotic Cell police took a Mumbai man, aged about 57, into custody at Tuticorin on 20.2.1997 for interrogation in NDPS Crime No.18/1997, showed arrest only on 25.2.1997, and lodged him in the Azad Maidan lock-up, where he died on 1.3.1997. Though the autopsy and CBI found death by natural disease without injuries, the CBI confirmed transit-remand procedure was skipped and no medical examination was done. The Court held the arrest illegal, custody till 25.2.1997 illegal, and the deceased denied legal and medical assistance despite acute asthma and put to enormous mental torture. It directed the State of Maharashtra to pay Rs.2,50,000 compensation to the family.", "court_quote": "To sum up, I have to state that the deceased was arrested on 20.2.1997 illegally, the arrest was not intimated to the relatives, the grounds of arrest were not informed to the deceased, he was kept in the illegal custody till 25.2.1997, no legal assistance was given to him, no medical assistance was given to him up to 1.3.1997 and he was put under enormous mental torture. For all these things alone, the 1st respondent is liable to pay compensation.", "court_quote_para": "18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held illegal custody, denial of medical aid and mental torture proved; Rs.2.5 lakh compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2010-08-24", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Madras High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Madras High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 250,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "W.P. No.2933 of 1997", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1519892/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-121" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-85-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0012", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0456", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gondia Police Police Sub-Inspector v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Gondia Police Police Sub-Inspector v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Gondia", "district_at_time": "Bhandara", "city_town": "Gondia", "police_station_or_unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Gondia Police Police Sub-Inspector v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 64, 65, 71, 76, 77 and 88 of 1997", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A.H. Joshi" ], "judgment_date": "2011-07-12", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1995-12-07", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 304 Part II", "IPC 331", "IPC 330", "IPC 348", "IPC 387", "IPC 218", "IPC 202", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 7, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/708824/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/supreme-court/custodial-deathsc-delivers-split-verdict-1995-case-came-up-in-appeal-before-it-after-12-yrs-1540487", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/" ], "summary": "The Nagpur Bench upheld the convictions of a Sub-Inspector and six constables for the custodial torture and homicidal death of theft suspect [name withheld] at Gondia City station in December 1995, whose body was burnt to screen the offence. The Court held all charges proved except destruction of evidence regarding the dead body, maintaining the sentences including seven years under Section 304-II, and dismissed the State's appeal for murder charges. The Supreme Court later delivered a split verdict on 25.09.2024 (2024 INSC 734) and referred the matter to a larger bench, where it remains pending.", "summary_verified": "The Nagpur Bench upheld the convictions of a Sub-Inspector and six constables for the custodial torture and homicidal death of theft suspect [name withheld] at Gondia City station in December 1995, whose body was burnt to screen the offence. The Court held all charges proved except destruction of evidence regarding the dead body, maintaining the sentences including seven years under Section 304-II, and dismissed the State's appeal for murder charges. The Supreme Court later delivered a split verdict on 25.09.2024 (2024 INSC 734) and referred the matter to a larger bench, where it remains pending.", "court_quote": "In the result, this Court concludes that based on facts proved by the prosecution, it has succeeded in proving all charges, except the proof of destruction of evidence as regards dead body.", "court_quote_para": "111", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment text verified; convictions upheld but SC split 25.09.2024, larger-bench reference pending.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 64, 65, 71, 76, 77 and 88 of 1997", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2011-07-12", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 64, 65, 71, 76, 77 and 88 of 1997", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/708824/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/supreme-court/custodial-deathsc-delivers-split-verdict-1995-case-came-up-in-appeal-before-it-after-12-yrs-1540487", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-39" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-026", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0014", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0259", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ramtek Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Ramtek Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ramtek", "police_station_or_unit": "Ramtek Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Ramtek Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 474 of 2003", "citation": "2011 SCC OnLine Bom 1007", "judges": [ "A.H. Joshi", "U.V. Bakre" ], "judgment_date": "2011-08-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2003-07-22", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "unit": "Kanhan Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.75, "jev_p_culpable": 0.43, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Kanhan Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Ramtek Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no", "redteam:witness_no_finding" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.03, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Sub-Inspector, Ramtek Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ramtek Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.04, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ramtek Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ramtek man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/960462/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held the State liable for the custodial death of Nitin Patil, who died while remanded in custody at Ramtek Police Station on 22 July 2003. Patil had been repeatedly arrested across multiple police stations in successive criminal cases and subjected to continuous custody before being found hanging in the lockup latrine. The High Court observed that the police failed to prove that circumstances surrounding the detainee were normal and that the death, though suicidal, attracted tortious liability. The court directed the State of Maharashtra to pay Rs 2,00,000 as compensation with 6% annual interest and Rs 10,000 costs to the deceased's family. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held the State liable for the custodial death of N. P., who died while remanded in custody at Ramtek Police Station on 22 July 2003. Patil had been repeatedly arrested across multiple police stations in successive criminal cases and subjected to continuous custody before being found hanging in the lockup latrine. The High Court observed that the police failed to prove that circumstances surrounding the detainee were normal and that the death, though suicidal, attracted tortious liability. The court directed the State of Maharashtra to pay Rs 2,00,000 as compensation with 6% annual interest and Rs 10,000 costs to the deceased's family.", "court_quote": "In the result, this Court is satisfied that the death, though suicidal, attracts a tortuous liability to the State, though such liability would not be on the same rigours and lines.", "court_quote_para": "71", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Nagpur Bench) held State liable for custodial death of N. P., awarding Rs 2,00,000 compensation plus interest and costs.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-08-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2011 SCC OnLine Bom 1007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/960462/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-16" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-019", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0034", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0770", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nagpur Man vs The Superintendent, Nagpur Central Prison and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Nagpur Man vs The Superintendent, Nagpur Central Prison and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Nagpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Gadchiroli Police (court/warrant duty)", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Nagpur Man vs The Superintendent, Nagpur Central Prison and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 285 of 2011", "citation": "(2011) 08 BOM CK 0119; 2012 (4) Mh.L.J. (Cri.) 609", "judges": [ "V. K. Tahilramani", "M. L. Tahaliyani" ], "judgment_date": "2011-08-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2011-03-30", "incident_year": 2011, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Gadchiroli Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gadchiroli Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": 26, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Nagpur man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 20000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/193856127/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fc95e4b014971114c544" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held that a Nagpur man, acquitted in his last sessions case on 29 March 2011, was detained in Nagpur Central Prison from the evening of 30 March to the morning of 3 April 2011 without any authority of law. The Court recorded the SP Gadchiroli's admission that Police Constable, tasked with carrying the jail warrant to court and back, was grossly negligent in failing to return the endorsed warrant, and rejected the two-day-travel excuse for the 160 km journey. It ordered the State to pay Rs 20,000 compensation at Rs 5,000 per day and noted a departmental enquiry against the constable would follow. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) held that a Nagpur man, acquitted in his last sessions case on 29 March 2011, was detained in Nagpur Central Prison from the evening of 30 March to the morning of 3 April 2011 without any authority of law. The Court recorded the SP Gadchiroli's admission that Police Constable, tasked with carrying the jail warrant to court and back, was grossly negligent in failing to return the endorsed warrant, and rejected the two-day-travel excuse for the 160 km journey. It ordered the State to pay Rs 20,000 compensation at Rs 5,000 per day and noted a departmental enquiry against the constable would follow.", "court_quote": "The gross negligence on the part of Police Constable [name withheld] has been admitted by respondent No.2.", "court_quote_para": "7", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Division Bench (corrected agent's single-judge claim); Rs 20,000 for 4 days post-acquittal detention.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-08-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 20,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2011) 08 BOM CK 0119; 2012 (4) Mh.L.J. (Cri.) 609", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [], "followup_status": "never_checked", "last_checked": null, "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/193856127/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fc95e4b014971114c544", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-57" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-10-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0705", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Gondia Woman vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Gondia Woman vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Gondia", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Gondia", "police_station_or_unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Gondia Woman vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 293 of 2002", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A.H. Joshi" ], "judgment_date": "2011-08-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "1995-12-01", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 304", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 370000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "A Gondia man @ a Gondia man died in the custody of Gondia City police in December 1995 during interrogation; seven police personnel were convicted by the Additional Sessions Judge, Gondia in February 1997 under Sections 304/34 IPC, convictions later confirmed up to the Supreme Court. His widow [name withheld] filed this compensation writ in 2002 for herself and five minor children. The State conceded the seven officers were solely responsible for the custodial death and contested only the quantum. The Nagpur Bench held the State vicariously liable and directed deposit of Rs. 1,06,000 per child (less Rs. 32,000 each already received, i.e. Rs. 3,70,000 net) with 6% interest plus Rs. 6,000 costs per petitioner, holding fine-compensation from the criminal trial would not set off this award. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Gondia man @ a Gondia man died in the custody of Gondia City police in December 1995 during interrogation; seven police personnel were convicted by the Additional Sessions Judge, Gondia in February 1997 under Sections 304/34 IPC, convictions later confirmed up to the Supreme Court. His widow [name withheld] filed this compensation writ in 2002 for herself and five minor children. The State conceded the seven officers were solely responsible for the custodial death and contested only the quantum. The Nagpur Bench held the State vicariously liable and directed deposit of Rs. 1,06,000 per child (less Rs. 32,000 each already received, i.e. Rs. 3,70,000 net) with 6% interest plus Rs. 6,000 costs per petitioner, holding fine-compensation from the criminal trial would not set off this award.", "court_quote": "We direct that the amount payable by respondents be deposited by the State within ninety days from the date of this Judgment in the District Court, Gondia, along with interest thereon @ 6% per annum.", "court_quote_para": "38", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; State vicariously liable after officers' 304 IPC convictions stood; Rs. 3.7 lakh net to 5 children.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2011-08-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 370,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 293 of 2002", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2011-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1141", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Police Head Constable vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Police Head Constable vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Sahar Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Police Head Constable vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 780 of 2006", "citation": "2011 SCC OnLine Bom 1731", "judges": [ "J.H. Bhatia" ], "judgment_date": "2011-08-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2011, "incident_date": "2005-10-17", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Custodial torture", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory": "custodial_rape_sexual_assault", "subcategory_display": "custodial rape sexual assault", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 363", "IPC 366", "IPC 323", "IPC 376(2)(a) r/w 511" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Sahar Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Sahar Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 14, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Mumbai girl, age 14" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": 5.85, "compensation_inr": 10000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1393254/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://pdf.lawlens.in/1a62add8-6aad-4879-a6d9-4fedc9ed84a1" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Head Constable of Sahar police station took a ~14-year-old beggar girl in an autorickshaw on 17.10.2005 and sexually assaulted her near a temple wall until a passer-by intervened. The trial court convicted him under ss.363, 366, 376(2)(a) and 323 IPC with 15 years RI for rape. The court held the victim a minor whose consent was irrelevant and kept the ss.363/366/323 convictions, but held penetration unproved, converting the rape conviction to attempt under s.376(2)(a) r/w s.511 IPC with sentence reduced to imprisonment already undergone plus Rs.10,000 fine payable to the victim. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Head Constable of Sahar police station took a ~14-year-old beggar girl in an autorickshaw on 17.10.2005 and sexually assaulted her near a temple wall until a passer-by intervened. The trial court convicted him under ss.363, 366, 376(2)(a) and 323 IPC with 15 years RI for rape. The court held the victim a minor whose consent was irrelevant and kept the ss.363/366/323 convictions, but held penetration unproved, converting the rape conviction to attempt under s.376(2)(a) r/w s.511 IPC with sentence reduced to imprisonment already undergone plus Rs.10,000 fine payable to the victim.", "court_quote": "In view of the facts and circumstances noted above, while in respect of conviction and sentences for the charges under sections 363, 366, 323 Indian Penal Code, no interference is called for, he is entitled to be acquitted for the charges under section 376 (2) (a) but is liable to be convicted for the offence for attempt to commit rape punishable under section 376 (2)(a) read with section 511 of the Indian Penal Code, because the accused committed that offence within the local limits of the police station where he was appointed as a head constable.", "court_quote_para": "29", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC kept kidnap/assault convictions; rape reduced to attempt; sentence cut to time served.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial torture", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2011 SCC OnLine Bom 1731", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2011-08-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2011 SCC OnLine Bom 1731", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1393254/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://pdf.lawlens.in/1a62add8-6aad-4879-a6d9-4fedc9ed84a1", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-103" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-22-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0771", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Miss Mumbai Woman vs [name withheld] and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Miss Mumbai Woman vs [name withheld] and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai City", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Gamdevi Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Miss Mumbai Woman vs [name withheld] and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1666 of 2010", "citation": "2012 ALL MR (Cri) 1263", "judges": [ "A. S. Oka", "A. V. Potdar" ], "judgment_date": "2012-03-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "2008-04-05", "incident_year": 2008, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 22", "Constitution Art. 226", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.79", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.112", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.117" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Gamdevi Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Inspector, Gamdevi Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Gamdevi Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Gamdevi Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Commissioner of Police", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Gamdevi Division, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Commissioner of Police, Gamdevi Division, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mumbai woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 250000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/75479442/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court held that officers of Gamdevi Police Station illegally detained a Mumbai woman overnight from 5 to 6 April 2008 after she visited the station to collect her complaint FIR, without any arrest memo, intimation to her mother, entry in the arrest register, or information of her bail rights for a bailable offence. The Court found a patent and uncontroverted violation of Article 21 in breach of the D.K. Basu and Sheela Barse guidelines. It directed the State to pay Rs 2,50,000 compensation with 8% interest from 5 April 2008 plus Rs 25,000 costs, left recovery from the erring officers open, and dismissed the petition against respondent No.4 (PI [name withheld]) with whom the petitioner had no grievance. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court held that officers of Gamdevi Police Station illegally detained a Mumbai woman overnight from 5 to 6 April 2008 after she visited the station to collect her complaint FIR, without any arrest memo, intimation to her mother, entry in the arrest register, or information of her bail rights for a bailable offence. The Court found a patent and uncontroverted violation of Article 21 in breach of the D.K. Basu and Sheela Barse guidelines. It directed the State to pay Rs 2,50,000 compensation with 8% interest from 5 April 2008 plus Rs 25,000 costs, left recovery from the erring officers open, and dismissed the petition against respondent No.4 (PI [name withheld]) with whom the petitioner had no grievance.", "court_quote": "We hold that the detention of the Petitioner by the officers of Gamdevi Police Station from 5th April, 2008 to 6th April, 2008 is illegal and there has been a gross violation of the fundamental right of the Petitioner guaranteed by Article 21 of the Constitution of India.", "court_quote_para": "22", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Overnight detention of woman without arrest memo; Rs 2.5L + interest + Rs 25k costs.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-03-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 250,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2012 ALL MR (Cri) 1263", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/75479442/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-57" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-10-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0706", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Baramati Woman vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Baramati Woman vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Pune", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Baramati", "police_station_or_unit": "Baramati City Police Station, Pune", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Baramati Woman vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1795 of 2011", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A.S. Oka" ], "judgment_date": "2012-03-31", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "2009-06-14", "incident_year": 2009, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 22", "Constitution Art 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector", "unit": "Baramati City Police Station, Pune", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector, Baramati City Police Station, Pune" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "unit": "Baramati Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Baramati Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Baramati Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Baramati Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Baramati Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Baramati Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Baramati Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Baramati Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Baramati Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Baramati Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Baramati Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Baramati Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Baramati man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 450000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/58045364/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. A Baramati man, a labourer of Karjat (Ahmednagar), was forcibly picked up on 14 June 2009 by Baramati police without arrest memo, station-diary entry or permission to enter another district; his wife alleged a constable repeatedly demanded Rs. 10 lakh for his release. A Baramati man died in police custody, and the officers gave shifting accounts (accident, then suicide), gave no first aid and cremated the body at Baramati. The Court held he was taken into custody in a totally illegal manner in gross violation of D.K. Basu safeguards, and that the police version of death was totally inconsistent so the officers had to explain it. It awarded Rs. 4,50,000 compensation (inclusive of Rs. 1,00,000 under a government scheme) with 8% interest plus Rs. 25,000 costs on the officers, and directed an ADGP-rank enquiry into whether the death was accidental or homicidal. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Baramati man, a labourer of Karjat (Ahmednagar), was forcibly picked up on 14 June 2009 by Baramati police without arrest memo, station-diary entry or permission to enter another district; his wife alleged a constable repeatedly demanded Rs. 10 lakh for his release. A Baramati man died in police custody, and the officers gave shifting accounts (accident, then suicide), gave no first aid and cremated the body at Baramati. The Court held he was taken into custody in a totally illegal manner in gross violation of D.K. Basu safeguards, and that the police version of death was totally inconsistent so the officers had to explain it. It awarded Rs. 4,50,000 compensation (inclusive of Rs. 1,00,000 under a government scheme) with 8% interest plus Rs. 25,000 costs on the officers, and directed an ADGP-rank enquiry into whether the death was accidental or homicidal.", "court_quote": "A Baramati man was in the custody of the police officers, and their own version of death of a Baramati man is totally inconsistent.", "court_quote_para": "41", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; incident year corrected to 2009 per judgment record; Rs. 4.5 lakh for death in illegal custody.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-03-31", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 450,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1795 of 2011", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "sections" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/58045364/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-003", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0239", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Ghatkopar Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1017 of 2005", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A.M. Khanwilkar", "P.D. Kode" ], "judgment_date": "2012-04-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "2003-01-06", "incident_year": 2003, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "PSI", "unit": "Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "PSI, Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Ghatkopar Police Station / Crime Branch Unit VIII, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 27, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 27" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 2000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29244602/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/from-rs-3-lakh-to-rs-20-lakh-court-raises-compensation-for-custody-death-victims-mother/", "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/ghatkopar-custodial-death-case-bombay-high-court-directs-framing-murder-charges-against-police-officers" ], "summary": "A Mumbai man, 27, arrested in December 2002 in the Ghatkopar bus-blast case, died on 6-1-2003 at Ghatkopar Police Station; police claimed he escaped en route to Aurangabad, but a CID probe found custodial torture and death and trial began against four policemen. His mother [name withheld]'s writ was allowed with the court holding the fundamental rights of a Mumbai man and his mother violated in custody and enhancing compensation from Rs 3 lakh to Rs 20 lakh, reported as then the highest custodial-death award in India. The court refused the prayers for sanction and suspension against other officers and stressed its observations must not influence the pending murder trial.", "summary_verified": "A Mumbai man, 27, arrested in December 2002 in the Ghatkopar bus-blast case, died on 6-1-2003 at Ghatkopar Police Station; police claimed he escaped en route to Aurangabad, but a CID probe found custodial torture and death and trial began against four policemen. His mother [name withheld]'s writ was allowed with the court holding the fundamental rights of a Mumbai man and his mother violated in custody and enhancing compensation from Rs 3 lakh to Rs 20 lakh, reported as then the highest custodial-death award in India. The court refused the prayers for sanction and suspension against other officers and stressed its observations must not influence the pending murder trial.", "court_quote": "As aforesaid, it is a case of violation of fundamental rights of a Mumbai man, who mysteriously disappeared and presumably died, whilst in police custody. This position is virtually accepted in the criminal action initiated by the State (presently against respondent Nos. 5 to 8).", "court_quote_para": "18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC raised custodial-death compensation from Rs 3 lakh to Rs 20 lakh.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-04-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 2,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1017 of 2005", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29244602/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/from-rs-3-lakh-to-rs-20-lakh-court-raises-compensation-for-custody-death-victims-mother/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawbeat.in/news-updates/ghatkopar-custodial-death-case-bombay-high-court-directs-framing-murder-charges-against-police-officers", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0019", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0733", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Man v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Andheri Police Station, Mumbai", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1006 of 2012", "citation": null, "judges": [ "V. M. Kanade", "P. D. Kode" ], "judgment_date": "2012-06-25", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "2011-08-10", "incident_year": 2011, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC s.46(4)", "CrPC s.54", "CrPC s.55A", "CrPC s.60", "CrPC s.160", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Andheri Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.34, "jev_p_culpable": 0.64, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Andheri Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Andheri Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.37, "jev_p_culpable": 0.59, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Andheri Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Andheri Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.45, "jev_p_culpable": 0.59, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Andheri Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Andheri Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_agy:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.37, "jev_p_culpable": 0.64, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Andheri Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 78, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 78" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" }, { "name": null, "age": 75, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 75" }, { "name": null, "age": 63, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 63" }, { "name": null, "age": 65, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 65" }, { "name": null, "age": 72, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 72" }, { "name": null, "age": 72, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 72" }, { "name": null, "age": 42, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Mumbai woman, age 42" }, { "name": null, "age": 65, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Mumbai woman, age 65" }, { "name": null, "age": 40, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 40" }, { "name": null, "age": 47, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 47" }, { "name": null, "age": 62, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 62" }, { "name": null, "age": 52, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 52" }, { "name": null, "age": 75, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 75" }, { "name": null, "age": 60, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 60" }, { "name": null, "age": 44, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 44" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 17, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 67000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/37680629/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Police raided card games at the Andheri Gymkhana on 10 August 2011 and detained 17 people, including senior citizens and two women, at Andheri police station from 9:30 pm till 6 am without food, toilet access or medicines. The Court held the bridge and rummy games were games of skill excluded from the Gambling Act, and that detaining the two women after sunset without a magistrate's permission breached section 46(4) CrPC along with sections 54, 55A and 60. It found the petitioners' fundamental rights under Article 21 violated by the highhanded, procedurally improper raid and detention. The State was directed to pay Rs 1,000 to each petitioner plus Rs 25,000 each to the two women, though the Court declined a departmental inquiry as the officers acted bona fide. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Police raided card games at the Andheri Gymkhana on 10 August 2011 and detained 17 people, including senior citizens and two women, at Andheri police station from 9:30 pm till 6 am without food, toilet access or medicines. The Court held the bridge and rummy games were games of skill excluded from the Gambling Act, and that detaining the two women after sunset without a magistrate's permission breached section 46(4) CrPC along with sections 54, 55A and 60. It found the petitioners' fundamental rights under Article 21 violated by the highhanded, procedurally improper raid and detention. The State was directed to pay Rs 1,000 to each petitioner plus Rs 25,000 each to the two women, though the Court declined a departmental inquiry as the officers acted bona fide.", "court_quote": "Respondent Nos. 5 to 8 have clearly violated provisions of section 46(4), section 54, section 55A read with section 60 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 and, as such, the fundamental rights of the Petitioners under Article 21 of the Constitution of India are clearly violated by the police.", "court_quote_para": "27", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held Art 21 violated by illegal detention and awarded compensation; matches outcome.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-06-25", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 67,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1006 of 2012", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/37680629/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-54" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-092", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2012-0038", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0772", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Niraj Mumbai Woman and Others vs [name withheld] and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Niraj Mumbai Woman and Others vs [name withheld] and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai City", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Navghar Police Station, Mulund", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Niraj Mumbai Woman and Others vs [name withheld] and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 856 of 2012", "citation": "2013 (2) Bom CR (Cri) 260", "judges": [ "A. S. Oka", "S. S. Shinde" ], "judgment_date": "2012-12-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2012, "incident_date": "2011-12-02", "incident_year": 2011, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 22", "Constitution Art. 226", "CrPC s.57", "CrPC s.41B" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Navghar Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Sub-Inspector, Navghar Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Navghar Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Inspector, Navghar Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Navghar Police Station, Mumbai (Buckle No. 97015)", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Navghar Police Station, Mumbai (Buckle No. 97015)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Navghar Police Station, Mumbai (Buckle No. 8040305)", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Navghar Police Station, Mumbai (Buckle No. 8040305)" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": 66, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 66" }, { "age": 62, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mumbai woman, age 62" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/175266892/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fcb3e4b014971114c81b" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court held that PSI of Navghar Police Station took two senior citizens, a Mumbai man (66) and a Mumbai woman (62) a Mumbai man, into custody at Aurangabad on the night of 2 December 2011 in a s.498A case and kept them detained without showing arrest until 4 December 2011, about 35 hours 40 minutes, without an arrest memo or production before the nearest magistrate. The Court found gross violations of Articles 21 and 22 and the D.K. Basu directions, a violation that shocks the conscience of the Court. It directed the State to pay Rs 2,50,000 each with 8% interest plus Rs 25,000 costs, ordered a Joint/Additional Commissioner inquiry within three months to fix responsibility, and left recovery and departmental action open. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court held that PSI of Navghar Police Station took two senior citizens, a Mumbai man (66) and a Mumbai woman (62) a Mumbai man, into custody at Aurangabad on the night of 2 December 2011 in a s.498A case and kept them detained without showing arrest until 4 December 2011, about 35 hours 40 minutes, without an arrest memo or production before the nearest magistrate. The Court found gross violations of Articles 21 and 22 and the D.K. Basu directions, a violation that shocks the conscience of the Court. It directed the State to pay Rs 2,50,000 each with 8% interest plus Rs 25,000 costs, ordered a Joint/Additional Commissioner inquiry within three months to fix responsibility, and left recovery and departmental action open.", "court_quote": "This case of blatant violation of human rights shocks the conscience of the Court.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "~36-hour detention of elderly couple without arrest memo; Rs 2.5L each + inquiry ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2012-12-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2013 (2) Bom CR (Cri) 260", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/175266892/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5608fcb3e4b014971114c81b", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-57" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-10-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0027", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0773", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Smt. Vashi, Navi Mumbai Woman and Another vs Sr. Police Inspector, Vashi and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Smt. Vashi, Navi Mumbai Woman and Another vs Sr. Police Inspector, Vashi and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Thane", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Vashi, Navi Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Vashi Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Smt. Vashi, Navi Mumbai Woman and Another vs Sr. Police Inspector, Vashi and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1857 of 2012", "citation": "(2014) ALL MR (Cri) 93; (2013) 06 BOM CK 0019", "judges": [ "P. V. Hardas", "Mridula Bhatkar" ], "judgment_date": "2013-06-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2012-01-27", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226", "CrPC s.151" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Vashi Police Station, Navi Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Vashi Police Station, Navi Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Vashi Police Station, Navi Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector, Vashi Police Station, Navi Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Vashi, Navi Mumbai woman" }, { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Vashi, Navi Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 600000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/780492/smt-mohini-naraindas-kamwani-and-another-appellant-hash-sr-police-inspector-and-others-responden/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/50987850/", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/58117e702713e1794788cdda" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court held that the detention and arrest of elderly petitioner [name withheld] and her son [name withheld] by Vashi police was illegal and a blatant violation of the Supreme Court's D.K. Basu directives, as they were called to the station on the pretext of registering her complaint, detained, and produced as arrested persons without signed arrest panchanamas, station-diary support, or intimation of rights. The Court directed Rs 3,00,000 compensation to each petitioner within eight weeks with 10% interest on default plus Rs 15,000 costs. The officers' SLP (No.6534 of 2013) against the judgment was dismissed by the Supreme Court on 23 September 2013, as recorded in the Court's 16 October 2015 follow-up judgment. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court held that the detention and arrest of elderly petitioner [name withheld] and her son [name withheld] by Vashi police was illegal and a blatant violation of the Supreme Court's D.K. Basu directives, as they were called to the station on the pretext of registering her complaint, detained, and produced as arrested persons without signed arrest panchanamas, station-diary support, or intimation of rights. The Court directed Rs 3,00,000 compensation to each petitioner within eight weeks with 10% interest on default plus Rs 15,000 costs. The officers' SLP (No.6534 of 2013) against the judgment was dismissed by the Supreme Court on 23 September 2013, as recorded in the Court's 16 October 2015 follow-up judgment.", "court_quote": "However, the fact remains that the authorities have committed a blatant violation of the directives of the Supreme Court in D.K. Basu's case and the petition on that score deserves to succeed.", "court_quote_para": "14", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary login-walled; bench/award/SLP-dismissal corroborated by 2015 follow-up judgment; Kale rank corrected to Sr PI.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-06-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 600,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2014) ALL MR (Cri) 93; (2013) 06 BOM CK 0019", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/780492/smt-mohini-naraindas-kamwani-and-another-appellant-hash-sr-police-inspector-and-others-responden/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/50987850/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/58117e702713e1794788cdda", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-57" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-11-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0008", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0246", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kandhar Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Kandhar Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nanded", "district_at_time": "Nanded", "city_town": "Kandhar", "police_station_or_unit": "Sub-Jail Kandhar, Nanded (guard duty); PS Loha (Crime No. 90/2009)", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Kandhar Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1077 of 2012", "citation": "(2013) 5 ABR 375; (2013) 3 BomCR(Cri) 601; (2013) ALLMR(Cri) 3038", "judges": [ "Naresh H. Patil", "A.I.S. Cheema" ], "judgment_date": "2013-07-08", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2011-02-02", "incident_year": 2011, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 226", "Constitution Art 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Pandit Manikrao Marwade", "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Sub-Jail Kandhar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no(overruled by grok)", "key2_openrouter:no(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.2, "jev_p_culpable": 0.65, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Pandit Manikrao Marwade", "display": "Pandit Manikrao Marwade (Police Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 21, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kandhar man, age 21" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 450000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/79920666/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/818792/kewalbai-appellant-hash-the-state-of-maharashtra-superintendent-of-police-superintendent-of-jail/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Undertrial a Kandhar man (21, Crime No. 90/2009, PS Loha) was shot dead in the Sub-Jail Kandhar lock-up on the night of 2.2.2011 by on-duty Police Constable with his.303 service rifle; Marwade then shot himself dead and an 'A' abetted summary was granted. The State admitted the incident but called it an individual act on grave provocation outside vicarious liability, blaming a Kandhar man's arrogance. The Court rejected that defence, holding the State failed to post sufficient guards or ensure inmate safety and must be held responsible for the custodial death, and directed Rs 4,50,000 compensation with 8% interest from 12.7.2012 plus Rs 10,000 costs, deposited with the District Judge, Nanded (inclusive of the GR 9.3.2012 amount). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Undertrial a Kandhar man (21, Crime No. 90/2009, PS Loha) was shot dead in the Sub-Jail Kandhar lock-up on the night of 2.2.2011 by on-duty Police Constable with his.303 service rifle; Marwade then shot himself dead and an 'A' abetted summary was granted. The State admitted the incident but called it an individual act on grave provocation outside vicarious liability, blaming a Kandhar man's arrogance. The Court rejected that defence, holding the State failed to post sufficient guards or ensure inmate safety and must be held responsible for the custodial death, and directed Rs 4,50,000 compensation with 8% interest from 12.7.2012 plus Rs 10,000 costs, deposited with the District Judge, Nanded (inclusive of the GR 9.3.2012 amount).", "court_quote": "The State is liable for contravention of fundamental rights of the victim. No sovereign immunity can be claimed by Respondents. The act of constable Pandit Manikrao Marwade was clearly illegal and a Kandhar man became victim of the same.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Full judgment text verified via CourtKutchehry mirror (Crl WP 1077/2012, Aurangabad Bench, 8.7.2013, JJ Naresh Patil and A.I.S. Cheema); primary indiankanoon URL rate-limited (HTTP 429). State admitted the shooting; vicarious liability upheld, Rs 4,50,000 plus 8% interest from 12.7.2012 plus Rs 10,000 costs awarded. No prosecution possible as constable Marwade shot himself dead ('A' abetted summary granted 30.8.2011).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-07-08", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 450,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2013) 5 ABR 375; (2013) 3 BomCR(Cri) 601; (2013) ALLMR(Cri) 3038", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/79920666/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/818792/kewalbai-appellant-hash-the-state-of-maharashtra-superintendent-of-police-superintendent-of-jail/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-004", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2013-0015", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0256", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Rahuri Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Rahuri Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Ahilyanagar", "district_at_time": "Ahmednagar", "city_town": "Rahuri", "police_station_or_unit": "Rahuri Police Station / Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Rahuri Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 964 of 2012", "citation": "2014 ALL MR (Cri) 31", "judges": [ "K.U. Chandiwal", "A.I.S. Cheema" ], "judgment_date": "2013-10-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2013, "incident_date": "2012-08-19", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 151", "CrPC 107", "Constitution Art 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Ashok Rajput", "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Rahuri Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.41, "jev_p_culpable": 0.6, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Ashok Rajput", "display": "Ashok Rajput (Police Inspector)" }, { "name": "Vikramsing Pawar", "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.28, "jev_p_culpable": 0.71, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Vikramsing Pawar", "display": "Vikramsing Pawar (Police Inspector)" }, { "name": "L. A. Kamble", "rank": "Investigating Officer (B.No. 1096)", "unit": "Rahuri Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.32, "jev_p_culpable": 0.7, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "L. A. Kamble", "display": "L. A. Kamble (Investigating Officer (B.No. 1096))" }, { "name": "Dagadu Ujagare", "rank": "Court Constable / Police Head Constable", "unit": "Rahuri Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.47, "jev_p_culpable": 0.59, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Dagadu Ujagare", "display": "Dagadu Ujagare (Court Constable / Police Head Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": 47, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Rahuri man, age 47" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 300000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161582378/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court at Aurangabad held that Rahuri and Local Crime Branch police illegally arrested and detained agriculturist a Rahuri man from 19 to 22 August 2012, dragging him from court under a sham Section 151 CrPC and Chapter VIII procedure without recording reasons, to torture, humiliate and teach him a lesson. Two inquiry reports supported the petitioner, and the court rejected the officers' belated apology and procedural justification. Holding the detention a gross violation of Article 21 that shocked the conscience of the court, it awarded Rs 3,00,000 compensation payable by the State by 22 December 2013, with liberty to recover from the four guilty officers for their deliberate dereliction of duty. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court at Aurangabad held that Rahuri and Local Crime Branch police illegally arrested and detained agriculturist a Rahuri man from 19 to 22 August 2012, dragging him from court under a sham Section 151 CrPC and Chapter VIII procedure without recording reasons, to torture, humiliate and teach him a lesson. Two inquiry reports supported the petitioner, and the court rejected the officers' belated apology and procedural justification. Holding the detention a gross violation of Article 21 that shocked the conscience of the court, it awarded Rs 3,00,000 compensation payable by the State by 22 December 2013, with liberty to recover from the four guilty officers for their deliberate dereliction of duty.", "court_quote": "Our conclusions are: there is apparent, patent incontrovertible violation of Article 21 of Constitution of India; it, indeed, shocks the conscience of the Court.", "court_quote_para": "23", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Sham s.151 detention from court premises; Rs 3 lakh award verified.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2013-10-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 300,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2014 ALL MR (Cri) 31", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161582378/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-09", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-039", "officers_named_public": 4, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0015", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1143", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Pune Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Pune Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Pune", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Pune", "police_station_or_unit": "Crime Branch Unit II, Pune", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Pune Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 499 of 2012", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S.C. Dharmadhikari", "G.S. Patel" ], "judgment_date": "2014-01-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "2012-01-25", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 50", "CrPC 50A", "CrPC 56", "CrPC 57" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Crime Branch Unit II, Pune", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch Unit II, Pune" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Crime Branch Unit II, Pune", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Crime Branch Unit II, Pune" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 24, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Pune man, age 24" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/148037369/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Sagar Ubhe alleged he was picked up on 25.01.2012 and kept at Crime Branch Unit II, Pune without intimation or magistrate production till 30.01.2012, beaten to extract a confession; police claimed arrest only on 29.01.2012. A JMFC enquiry found illegal detention and tampering of the arrest register date. The court accepted the enquiry report, held the 25-30 January 2012 detention and the subsequent Yerawada re-arrest entirely illegal, and directed the State to pay Rs.5,00,000 compensation within 8 weeks. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Sagar Ubhe alleged he was picked up on 25.01.2012 and kept at Crime Branch Unit II, Pune without intimation or magistrate production till 30.01.2012, beaten to extract a confession; police claimed arrest only on 29.01.2012. A JMFC enquiry found illegal detention and tampering of the arrest register date. The court accepted the enquiry report, held the 25-30 January 2012 detention and the subsequent Yerawada re-arrest entirely illegal, and directed the State to pay Rs.5,00,000 compensation within 8 weeks.", "court_quote": "Following D. K. Basu, we must, therefore, hold that the detention of the petitioner from 25th January 2012 to 30th January 2012 was entirely illegal, as was his subsequent arrest by the Yerawada police.", "court_quote_para": "27", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held 25-30 Jan 2012 detention entirely illegal; Rs 5 lakh compensation ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-01-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Writ Petition No. 499 of 2012", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/148037369/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-103" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-23-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2014-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1144", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Bhusawal Man & Anr v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Bhusawal Man & Anr v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Jalgaon", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Bhusawal", "police_station_or_unit": "City Police Station, Bhusawal", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Bhusawal Man & Anr v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 16 of 2006", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S.S. Shinde", "P.R. Bora" ], "judgment_date": "2014-07-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2014, "incident_date": "2005-08-23", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 41(2)", "CrPC 107", "CrPC 110", "CrPC 111", "CrPC 116(3)" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "City Police Station, Bhusawal, Jalgaon", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, City Police Station, Bhusawal, Jalgaon" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Local Crime Branch, Jalgaon", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Local Crime Branch, Jalgaon" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 30, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Bhusawal man, age 30" }, { "name": null, "age": 28, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Bhusawal man, age 28" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 20000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/147328165/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Two Bhusawal labourers who went to lodge a complaint were instead detained on 23.08.2005, arrested under s.41(2) CrPC in chapter cases under s.110(e)(g), and kept in custody till 27.08.2005 though relatives were ready with sureties. The court held there is no power to arrest on initiation of chapter proceedings, the s.41(2) arrest was unwarranted, and CrPC, constitutional and D.K. Basu safeguards were ignored. It directed the State to pay Rs.10,000 to each petitioner and to hold a departmental inquiry against the two named officers. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Two Bhusawal labourers who went to lodge a complaint were instead detained on 23.08.2005, arrested under s.41(2) CrPC in chapter cases under s.110(e)(g), and kept in custody till 27.08.2005 though relatives were ready with sureties. The court held there is no power to arrest on initiation of chapter proceedings, the s.41(2) arrest was unwarranted, and CrPC, constitutional and D.K. Basu safeguards were ignored. It directed the State to pay Rs.10,000 to each petitioner and to hold a departmental inquiry against the two named officers.", "court_quote": "Therefore, in the light of the discussion herein above, the arrest of the petitioners on 23rd August, 2005 was illegal.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC held 23 Aug 2005 arrest in chapter proceedings illegal; Rs 10k each + inquiry ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2014-07-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 20,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 16 of 2006", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/147328165/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-103" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-23-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2015-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1145", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ambad Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Ambad Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Jalna", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Ambad", "police_station_or_unit": "Ambad Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Ambad Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 725 of 2014", "citation": "(2015) 3 BomCR(Cri) 494", "judges": [ "T.V. Nalawade", "Indira Jain" ], "judgment_date": "2015-06-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2015, "incident_date": "2014-04-12", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution of India Art. 21", "Constitution of India Art. 22(2)", "CrPC 41", "CrPC 41A", "CrPC 167", "CrPC 357" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Ambad Police Station, Jalna", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Ambad Police Station, Jalna" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Ambad Police Station, Jalna", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Ambad Police Station, Jalna" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Head Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Ambad Police Station, Jalna", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Head Constable, Ambad Police Station, Jalna" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 31, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ambad man, age 31" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/132726849/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/826279/satish-vasant-salvi-appellant-hash-state-of-maharashtra-and-others-respondent/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. The petitioner, a civil engineer from Airoli (Navi Mumbai), was picked up by Ambad police on 12 April 2014 in a dowry complaint case but produced before the Magistrate only on 14 April 2014, and was also subjected to a forced medical examination. The Division Bench held his detention from 3 p.m. on 13 April to 11 a.m. on 14 April 2014 and the medical examination illegal, in violation of Articles 21 and 22(2) of the Constitution. The court held that compensation in public law for such violations is a strict liability, relying on D.K. Basu and Nilabati Behera. It allowed the writ with Rs 2,00,000 compensation plus Rs 20,000 costs on the State, directed a major-penalty inquiry against ASI with recovery of the payout, and left tort, section 357 CrPC and Arnesh Kumar contempt remedies open. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The petitioner, a civil engineer from Airoli (Navi Mumbai), was picked up by Ambad police on 12 April 2014 in a dowry complaint case but produced before the Magistrate only on 14 April 2014, and was also subjected to a forced medical examination. The Division Bench held his detention from 3 p.m. on 13 April to 11 a.m. on 14 April 2014 and the medical examination illegal, in violation of Articles 21 and 22(2) of the Constitution. The court held that compensation in public law for such violations is a strict liability, relying on D.K. Basu and Nilabati Behera. It allowed the writ with Rs 2,00,000 compensation plus Rs 20,000 costs on the State, directed a major-penalty inquiry against ASI with recovery of the payout, and left tort, section 357 CrPC and Arnesh Kumar contempt remedies open.", "court_quote": "The detention of the petitioner from 3.00 p.m. of 13.4.2014 to 11.00 a.m. of 14.4.2014 in the custody of respondent No. 2 is held to be illegal, the medical examination of petitioner was also illegal and it was in violation of Articles 21 and 22 (2) of Constitution of India.", "court_quote_para": "Order clause (iii)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Aurangabad) held Ambad-police detention of 13-14 Apr 2014 illegal under Arts 21, 22(2); Rs 2 lakh compensation + costs with major-penalty inquiry and recovery.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2015-06-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2015) 3 BomCR(Cri) 494", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/132726849/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/826279/satish-vasant-salvi-appellant-hash-state-of-maharashtra-and-others-respondent/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-104" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-24-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2017-0007", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0247", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Chincholi Kajale, Taluka Ausa Man v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Chincholi Kajale, Taluka Ausa Man v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Latur", "district_at_time": "Latur", "city_town": "Chincholi Kajale, Taluka Ausa", "police_station_or_unit": "Bhada Police Station, Taluka Ausa", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Chincholi Kajale, Taluka Ausa Man v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 251 of 2007", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Sunil K. Kotwal", "T. V. Nalawade" ], "judgment_date": "2017-07-31", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2017, "incident_date": "2005-12-19", "incident_year": 2005, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 306", "IPC 218", "IPC 34", "CrPC 41" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Bhada Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.04, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Bhada Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Bhada Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Bhada Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Bhada Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Bhada Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Bhada Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.93, "jev_p_culpable": 0.05, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Bhada Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": 32, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Chincholi Kajale, Taluka Ausa man, age 32" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161434986/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) allowed the writ petition of Shivabai, holding that her husband [name withheld] was illegally detained at Bhada Police Station from 19-12-2005 without arrest record and died in custody on 20-12-2005. The court rejected the police story that he hanged himself in the toilet during a 5-minute load-shedding blackout, finding illegal detention, violation of personal liberty, and dereliction of duty by the police. It directed the State to pay Rs 5,00,000 compensation within two months (9% interest on default) with liberty to recover from the defaulting Bhada staff after inquiry, and noted the pending prosecution of the four officers under Sections 306, 218 read with 34 IPC (Crime No. 16 of 2006). The prosecution in Crime No. 16 of 2006 (Sections 306 and 218 read with 34 IPC) against the respondent officers was pending before the trial court; this writ granted Rs 5 lakh State compensation with recovery from defaulting staff after inquiry, recording no finding against any individual. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) allowed the writ petition of Shivabai, holding that her husband [name withheld] was illegally detained at Bhada Police Station from 19-12-2005 without arrest record and died in custody on 20-12-2005. The court rejected the police story that he hanged himself in the toilet during a 5-minute load-shedding blackout, finding illegal detention, violation of personal liberty, and dereliction of duty by the police. It directed the State to pay Rs 5,00,000 compensation within two months (9% interest on default) with liberty to recover from the defaulting Bhada staff after inquiry, and noted the pending prosecution of the four officers under Sections 306, 218 read with 34 IPC (Crime No. 16 of 2006).", "court_quote": "Thus, obviously the detention of husband of the petitioner by Respondent Nos.6 to 9 at Police Station Bhada was illegal and the custodial death of deceased [name withheld] resulted only due to high handedness and dereliction of duty by police.", "court_quote_para": "8", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment text verified. Accused are police; adverse finding with compensation. Petition says deceased was 32; post-mortem notes say around 33. Magisterial inquiry (SDM Nilanga) additionally named P.C. N.G. Chavan and H.C. S.P. Bhande as responsible.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2017-07-31", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 251 of 2007", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161434986/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-005", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2018-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0249", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Koregaon, Taluka Kaij Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Koregaon, Taluka Kaij Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Beed", "district_at_time": "Beed", "city_town": "Koregaon, Taluka Kaij", "police_station_or_unit": "Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Koregaon, Taluka Kaij Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1451 of 2015", "citation": "AIRONLINE 2018 BOM 889", "judges": [ "S. S. Shinde", "V. K. Jadhav" ], "judgment_date": "2018-08-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2018, "incident_date": "2015-08-26", "incident_year": 2015, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 34", "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 22(1)" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Shankar P. Rathod", "rank": "Police Head Constable (Buckle 502)", "unit": "Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no(overruled by grok)", "key2_openrouter:no(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.71, "jev_p_culpable": 0.55, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Shankar P. Rathod", "display": "Shankar P. Rathod (Police Head Constable (Buckle 502))" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (Badge 1277)", "unit": "Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (Badge 1277), Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (Badge 1490)", "unit": "Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (Badge 1490), Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (Badge 2157)", "unit": "Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.87, "jev_p_culpable": 0.33, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (Badge 2157), Shivajinagar Police Station, Beed" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Koregaon, Taluka Kaij man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/35329061/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) allowed the writ petition, holding there was a clear violation of the D.K. Basu mandate and sufficient material to infer that a Koregaon, Taluka Kaij man was subjected to custodial violence after being picked up on 26-08-2015 and dying the same day in Shivajinagar police custody. The court disbelieved the police story that he jumped from a running police van near Massajog, citing unrecorded detention, no medical examination, no intimation to relatives, and tampered handcuff-register entries. It awarded Rs 5,00,000 compensation (Rs 2 lakh FD for the widow, Rs 50,000 for the father, Rs 50,000 FD for each of five minor children) with liberty to recover from the erring officials, directed registration of a Section 302 read with 34 IPC crime against the four policemen with State CID investigation monitored by the ADG CID Pune, and initiated suo motu contempt against PHC Rathod. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) allowed the writ petition, holding there was a clear violation of the D.K. Basu mandate and sufficient material to infer that a Koregaon, Taluka Kaij man was subjected to custodial violence after being picked up on 26-08-2015 and dying the same day in Shivajinagar police custody. The court disbelieved the police story that he jumped from a running police van near Massajog, citing unrecorded detention, no medical examination, no intimation to relatives, and tampered handcuff-register entries. It awarded Rs 5,00,000 compensation (Rs 2 lakh FD for the widow, Rs 50,000 for the father, Rs 50,000 FD for each of five minor children) with liberty to recover from the erring officials, directed registration of a Section 302 read with 34 IPC crime against the four policemen with State CID investigation monitored by the ADG CID Pune, and initiated suo motu contempt against PHC Rathod.", "court_quote": "There is clear violation of mandate laid down by the Supreme Court in the case of D.K. Basu (supra), as much as prima facie, there is sufficient material to draw inference that deceased [name withheld] was subjected to custodial violence.", "court_quote_para": "20", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment text verified. Accused are police; adverse finding with compensation. Judgment spells Rathod's middle initial inconsistently (P. in para 21, H. in Order III(a)); recorded as Shankar Rathod. Departmental penalty (2-year increment stoppage for Rathod, [name withheld], [name withheld]) noted from State reply.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2018-08-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "AIRONLINE 2018 BOM 889", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/35329061/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-011", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2018-0011", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0240", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade & Ors. vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade & Ors. vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": "Nagpur", "city_town": "Nagpur", "police_station_or_unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade & Ors. vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 385-388 of 2008, 299 of 2008 with 182-187 of 2009", "citation": null, "judges": [ "N.V. Ramana", "Mohan M. Shantanagoudar" ], "judgment_date": "2018-09-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2018, "incident_date": "1993-06-23", "incident_year": 1993, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 330" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.93, "jev_p_culpable": 0.18, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar" }, { "name": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade", "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.05, "jev_p_culpable": 0.94, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade", "display": "Yashwant Mukaji Karade (Assistant Police Inspector)" }, { "name": "Rambhau Vitthalrao Kadu", "rank": "Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.4, "jev_p_culpable": 0.79, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Rambhau Vitthalrao Kadu", "display": "Rambhau Vitthalrao Kadu (Sub-Inspector)" }, { "name": "Jahiruddin Bashirmiya Deshmukh", "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.32, "jev_p_culpable": 0.77, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Jahiruddin Bashirmiya Deshmukh", "display": "Jahiruddin Bashirmiya Deshmukh (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Nilkanth Pandurang Chaurpagar", "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.29, "jev_p_culpable": 0.77, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Nilkanth Pandurang Chaurpagar", "display": "Nilkanth Pandurang Chaurpagar (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Namdeo Nathuji Ganeshkar", "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.29, "jev_p_culpable": 0.84, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Namdeo Nathuji Ganeshkar", "display": "Namdeo Nathuji Ganeshkar (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Ramesh Tukaram Bhoyar", "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.31, "jev_p_culpable": 0.79, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Ramesh Tukaram Bhoyar", "display": "Ramesh Tukaram Bhoyar (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Ashok Bhawani Gulam Shukla", "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.45, "jev_p_culpable": 0.68, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Ashok Bhawani Gulam Shukla", "display": "Ashok Bhawani Gulam Shukla (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Sudhakar Marotrao Thakre", "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Crime Branch Nagpur / PS Deolapar", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.34, "jev_p_culpable": 0.78, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Sudhakar Marotrao Thakre", "display": "Sudhakar Marotrao Thakre (Police Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 9, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 42, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Nagpur man, age 42" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 7, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29693305/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indialegallive.com/constitutional-law-news/supreme-court-news/sc-ups-sentence-for-maharashtra-cops-from-3-to-7-years-in-custodial-death-case/", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5b8eba5b9eff430c43a25751", "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/sc-stresses-on-need-to-develop-and-recognize-democratic-policing-concept-enhances-punishment-to-cops-involved-in-custodial-torture-case-read-judgment" ], "summary": "On the night of 23/24 June 1993 Nagpur policemen dragged Joinus Yellamati from his home at about 1 AM without registering any offence, beat him at multiple locations to extract a confession, and locked him up; he was found dead in the morning. The trial court convicted ten policemen and the High Court sustained only the Section 330 IPC convictions. The Supreme Court dismissed the policemen's appeals, holding the late-night picking-up and torture violated basic constitutional rights, and enhanced the Section 330 sentence from three years to the seven-year maximum for deterrence. The eight surviving convicts were ordered to surrender forthwith to serve the enhanced terms. Accused A-1 [name withheld] died after filing the appeal, so his name was struck off and the conviction against him abated; the officer list records the trial conviction, not a subsisting one. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On the night of 23/24 June 1993 Nagpur policemen dragged Joinus Yellamati from his home at about 1 AM without registering any offence, beat him at multiple locations to extract a confession, and locked him up; he was found dead in the morning. The trial court convicted ten policemen and the High Court sustained only the Section 330 IPC convictions. The Supreme Court dismissed the policemen's appeals, holding the late-night picking-up and torture violated basic constitutional rights, and enhanced the Section 330 sentence from three years to the seven-year maximum for deterrence. The eight surviving convicts were ordered to surrender forthwith to serve the enhanced terms.", "court_quote": "We deem it appropriate to increase the term of sentence to maximum imposable period under Section 330 of IPC i.e., seven years of rigorous imprisonment", "court_quote_para": "34", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "ACCEPT: SC judgment verified via India Legal, LatestLY and casemine reports; Section 330 IPC convictions of Nagpur policemen upheld and sentence enhanced from 3 to 7 years RI; A-1 [name withheld] appeal abated (died); A-10 acquittal undisturbed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 385-388 of 2008, 299 of 2008 with 182-187 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2018-09-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 385-388 of 2008, 299 of 2008 with 182-187 of 2009", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/29693305/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indialegallive.com/constitutional-law-news/supreme-court-news/sc-ups-sentence-for-maharashtra-cops-from-3-to-7-years-in-custodial-death-case/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5b8eba5b9eff430c43a25751", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/sc-stresses-on-need-to-develop-and-recognize-democratic-policing-concept-enhances-punishment-to-cops-involved-in-custodial-torture-case-read-judgment", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "SWCUSTOD-010", "officers_named_public": 8, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2018-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0243", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0530", "CWC-0543" ], "display_title": "Nanded Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Nanded Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nanded", "district_at_time": "Nanded", "city_town": "Nanded", "police_station_or_unit": "Vimantal Police Station, Nanded (Crime No. 104/2013); death in Vajirabad Police Station lock-up", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Nanded Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1585 of 2018 (arising out of SLP (Crl) No. 6488 of 2016)", "citation": "(2019) 13 SCC 595; (2018) INSC 1000", "judges": [ "Uday Umesh Lalit", "R. Subhash Reddy" ], "judgment_date": "2018-12-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2018, "incident_date": "2013-09-28", "incident_year": 2013, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Vimantal Police Station (Crime No. 104/2013), Nanded", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_agy:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": "no", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.07, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Vimantal Police Station (Crime No. 104/2013), Nanded" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Nanded man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 700000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2018/december/88.php", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5d848ce9714d58266e07f2a8", "https://pdf.lawlens.in/2f35b817-bdcc-486e-aff3-999d64a56491", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/183976602/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. A Nanded man died an unnatural death in the Vajirabad Police Station lock-up, Nanded, while in custody in Crime No. 104/2013 of Vimantal Police Station; his parents and daughter obtained Rs 7 lakh compensation from the Bombay High Court's Aurangabad Bench (Crl WP 39/2015, 4.7.2016), which also ordered immediate recovery from the Investigating Officer-in-charge, Amol Kadu. The Supreme Court affirmed that monetary compensation is an appropriate remedy for the established infringement of the fundamental right to life and that the State is vicariously liable on strict liability. It modified only the recovery direction, holding the State may recover from the erring officials once liability for the crime is fastened, and disposed of the appeal in those terms.", "summary_verified": "A Nanded man died an unnatural death in the Vajirabad Police Station lock-up, Nanded, while in custody in Crime No. 104/2013 of Vimantal Police Station; his parents and daughter obtained Rs 7 lakh compensation from the Bombay High Court's Aurangabad Bench (Crl WP 39/2015, 4.7.2016), which also ordered immediate recovery from the Investigating Officer-in-charge, Amol Kadu. The Supreme Court affirmed that monetary compensation is an appropriate remedy for the established infringement of the fundamental right to life and that the State is vicariously liable on strict liability. It modified only the recovery direction, holding the State may recover from the erring officials once liability for the crime is fastened, and disposed of the appeal in those terms.", "court_quote": "We therefore modify the aforesaid direction of the High Court and state that as and when the liability for the crime in question is fastened, the State shall be at liberty to recover the amount of compensation from the concerned erring officials.", "court_quote_para": "n/a", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Supreme Court judgment text verified via AdvocateKhoj mirror (Criminal Appeal 1585/2018, JJ Lalit and Subhash Reddy, 10.12.2018); appeal disposed of, Rs 7 lakh compensation affirmed on strict State liability, HC's immediate-recovery direction against the IO modified to recovery only after liability is fastened. Accused is police (IO-in-charge). Incident date 2013-09-28 and SCC citation retained from merged input: the SC text restates neither and the underlying HC judgment (Crl WP 39/2015) full text was unreachable (casemine 403).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2018-12-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 700,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "(2019) 13 SCC 595; (2018) INSC 1000", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.advocatekhoj.com/library/judgments/index.php?go=2018/december/88.php", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5d848ce9714d58266e07f2a8", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://pdf.lawlens.in/2f35b817-bdcc-486e-aff3-999d64a56491", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/183976602/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-39", "chunk-47", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0025", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1146", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Police personnel v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Police personnel v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "D.N. Nagar / Versova Police Stations", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Police personnel v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 4845 of 2015", "citation": "AIR Online 2019 Bom 936", "judges": [ "B. P. Dharmadhikari", "Revati Mohite Dere" ], "judgment_date": "2019-03-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2006-11-11", "incident_year": 2006, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory_display": "fake encounter extrajudicial killing", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 364", "IPC 365", "IPC 368", "IPC 344", "IPC 201", "IPC 119", "IPC 120B", "CrPC 432" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Mumbai Police" } ], "officer_count": 11, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/20913765/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/bombay-hc-state-govts-order-us-432-release-11-cops-conviction-fake-encounter-case-143387" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. On 11 November 2006, personnel of the D.N. Nagar and Versova police stations abducted Ramnarayan Gupta alias Lakhanbhaiya and [name withheld], and Gupta was shot dead in what was projected as an encounter. A Magistrate inquiry under section 176(1A) CrPC concluded the encounter was fake, leading to an SIT, FIR and the conviction of 21 accused including 11 policemen, sentenced to life imprisonment by the Sessions Court on 12 July 2013. While their appeals were pending, the State suspended the policemen's sentences for six months under section 432 CrPC and released them. The High Court held the suspension order perverse and bad in law, showing non-application of mind and reliance on irrelevant material, and quashed it, restoring the operation of the life sentences. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 11 November 2006, personnel of the D.N. Nagar and Versova police stations abducted Ramnarayan Gupta alias Lakhanbhaiya and [name withheld], and Gupta was shot dead in what was projected as an encounter. A Magistrate inquiry under section 176(1A) CrPC concluded the encounter was fake, leading to an SIT, FIR and the conviction of 21 accused including 11 policemen, sentenced to life imprisonment by the Sessions Court on 12 July 2013. While their appeals were pending, the State suspended the policemen's sentences for six months under section 432 CrPC and released them. The High Court held the suspension order perverse and bad in law, showing non-application of mind and reliance on irrelevant material, and quashed it, restoring the operation of the life sentences.", "court_quote": "Courts cannot be expected to be silent spectators to such decisions, which are blatantly perverse and unsustainable in law.", "court_quote_para": "26", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC quashed the 2 Dec 2015 s.432 CrPC suspension of the life sentences of 11 policemen convicted in the Lakhanbhaiya fake encounter; Sessions Court convictions restored.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "AIR Online 2019 Bom 936", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2019-03-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "AIR Online 2019 Bom 936", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/20913765/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/bombay-hc-state-govts-order-us-432-release-11-cops-conviction-fake-encounter-case-143387", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-104" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-25-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0707", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1449" ], "display_title": "Hingoli Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Hingoli Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Hingoli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Hingoli", "police_station_or_unit": "Local Crime Branch / Rural Police Station, Hingoli", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Hingoli Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 414 of 2010 (with Criminal Application No. 78 of 2012)", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T.V. Nalawade", "Mangesh S. Patil" ], "judgment_date": "2019-07-09", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2009-01-01", "incident_year": 2009, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Local Crime Branch, Hingoli", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Local Crime Branch, Hingoli" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Hingoli", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Superintendent of Police, Hingoli" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Hingoli man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/39855334/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/28719260/", "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/6439b7ceff56960869151242" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. The petitioner, an accused in Crime No. 157/2009 of Hingoli police station, was granted ad-interim anticipatory bail by the High Court, but investigating officer PI [name withheld] refused to honour it, arrested him and detained him illegally overnight till production before the Magistrate the next day, who granted bail. On the Court's direction the Additional CJM, Hingoli inquired and reported in November 2018 that there was substance in the illegal-detention allegation against the IO. The Aurangabad Bench allowed the writ, holding the detention by the police machinery breached the fundamental right to life and personal liberty, and awarded Rs. 2,00,000 compensation (12% interest on default), leaving it open to the State to fix responsibility and recover from the erring officials. The wife's companion plea for quashing the FIR was dismissed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The petitioner, an accused in Crime No. 157/2009 of Hingoli police station, was granted ad-interim anticipatory bail by the High Court, but investigating officer PI [name withheld] refused to honour it, arrested him and detained him illegally overnight till production before the Magistrate the next day, who granted bail. On the Court's direction the Additional CJM, Hingoli inquired and reported in November 2018 that there was substance in the illegal-detention allegation against the IO. The Aurangabad Bench allowed the writ, holding the detention by the police machinery breached the fundamental right to life and personal liberty, and awarded Rs. 2,00,000 compensation (12% interest on default), leaving it open to the State to fix responsibility and recover from the erring officials. The wife's companion plea for quashing the FIR was dismissed.", "court_quote": "Such illegal detention can easily be attributed to the deliberate conduct of the respondent no.3 which surprisingly is being endorsed by the respondent no.2 who is the Superintendent of Police.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; overnight detention in defiance of anticipatory bail held illegal, Rs. 2 lakh awarded.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-07-09", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 414 of 2010 (with Criminal Application No. 78 of 2012)", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/39855334/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/28719260/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/6439b7ceff56960869151242", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49", "chunk-54" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-007", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0014", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0734", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Ahmednagar Man v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Ahmednagar Man v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Ahilyanagar", "district_at_time": "Ahmednagar", "city_town": "Ahmednagar", "police_station_or_unit": "Kotwali Police Station, Ahmednagar", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Ahmednagar Man v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 906 of 2018", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T.V. Nalawade", "K.K. Sonawane" ], "judgment_date": "2019-07-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2014-10-26", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC s.41", "CrPC s.50", "CrPC s.167", "Constitution Art. 21", "Constitution Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Vishal L. Sanas", "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Kotwali Police Station, Ahmednagar", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.37, "jev_p_culpable": 0.68, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Vishal L. Sanas", "display": "Vishal L. Sanas (Police Sub-Inspector)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 64, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Ahmednagar man, age 64" }, { "name": null, "age": 54, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Ahmednagar woman, age 54" }, { "name": null, "age": 32, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Ahmednagar woman, age 32" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 3, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/31595477/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Three members of an advocate family were arrested on 26 October 2014 in bailable offences and kept in the Kotwali lockup before being remanded to police custody till 29 October, with bail refused. The Additional Sessions Judge had already held in revision that the arrest, detention and remand order were illegal. The High Court agreed, holding the circumstances showed apparent malice on the part of PSI. It allowed the petition and directed total compensation of Rs 5 lakh to all petitioners together within 45 days, leaving the State free to recover the amount from the officer after due procedure. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Three members of an advocate family were arrested on 26 October 2014 in bailable offences and kept in the Kotwali lockup before being remanded to police custody till 29 October, with bail refused. The Additional Sessions Judge had already held in revision that the arrest, detention and remand order were illegal. The High Court agreed, holding the circumstances showed apparent malice on the part of PSI. It allowed the petition and directed total compensation of Rs 5 lakh to all petitioners together within 45 days, leaving the State free to recover the amount from the officer after due procedure.", "court_quote": "The aforesaid circumstances show that there was apparent malice.", "court_quote_para": "33", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC found arrest/detention illegal with apparent malice, awarded Rs 5 lakh; matches outcome.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-07-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 906 of 2018", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/31595477/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-54" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-093", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0708", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "V. B. M. vs The State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "V. B. M. vs The State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Pune", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Rahuri", "police_station_or_unit": "Hinjewadi / Gangapur / Lonikand / Sonai Police Stations", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "V. B. M. vs The State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 651 of 2018", "citation": "AIR Online 2019 Bom 1968", "judges": [ "T.V. Nalawade", "K.K. Sonawane" ], "judgment_date": "2019-09-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2016-11-26", "incident_year": 2016, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 394" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Hinjewadi City Police Station, Pune", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Hinjewadi City Police Station, Pune" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Gangapur Police Station, Aurangabad", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Gangapur Police Station, Aurangabad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Lonikand Police Station, Pune Rural", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Lonikand Police Station, Pune Rural" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Sonai Police Station, Ahmednagar", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Sonai Police Station, Ahmednagar" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": 15, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Rahuri boy, age 15", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": 15, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 15-year-old boy" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 50000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/5856489/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. The petitioner, born 3 January 2001 and aged about 15 when robbery cases under Section 394 IPC were registered and when arrested on 26 November 2016, was shown by police as aged 20, remanded to police and magisterial custody on false information, and kept in Yerwada Central Jail as an adult undertrial for 8 months and 25 days across cases in Pune, Aurangabad and Ahmednagar districts. All four police stations filed replies. The Aurangabad Bench held the detention in police and magisterial custody illegal, allowed the petition, and directed Rs. 50,000 compensation within 45 days (8% interest on default). It ordered the police-custody-remand and jail records erased so they are never used against the petitioner in future. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The petitioner, born 3 January 2001 and aged about 15 when robbery cases under Section 394 IPC were registered and when arrested on 26 November 2016, was shown by police as aged 20, remanded to police and magisterial custody on false information, and kept in Yerwada Central Jail as an adult undertrial for 8 months and 25 days across cases in Pune, Aurangabad and Ahmednagar districts. All four police stations filed replies. The Aurangabad Bench held the detention in police and magisterial custody illegal, allowed the petition, and directed Rs. 50,000 compensation within 45 days (8% interest on default). It ordered the police-custody-remand and jail records erased so they are never used against the petitioner in future.", "court_quote": "His age was shown as 20 years by the police. It is contended that by giving false information, PCR and MCR was obtained against him.", "court_quote_para": "4", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; minor detained 8+ months as adult on fabricated age, Rs. 50,000 plus record erasure.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-09-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 50,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "AIR Online 2019 Bom 1968", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/5856489/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0019", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0709", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kannad Man and Another vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Kannad Man and Another vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar", "district_at_time": "Aurangabad", "city_town": "Kannad", "police_station_or_unit": "Pishor Police Station, Kannad", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Kannad Man and Another vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 955 of 2019", "citation": "AIR Online 2019 Bom 1128; 2020(1) Bom CR (Cri) 33", "judges": [ "T.V. Nalawade", "S.M. Gavhane" ], "judgment_date": "2019-11-05", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2019-05-31", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 323", "IPC 324" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "unit": "Pishor Police Station, Kannad", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Pishor Police Station, Kannad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Head Constable", "unit": "Pishor Police Station, Kannad", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Head Constable, Pishor Police Station, Kannad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Head Constable", "unit": "Pishor Police Station, Kannad", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Head Constable, Pishor Police Station, Kannad" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik", "unit": "Pishor Police Station, Kannad", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik, Pishor Police Station, Kannad" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "age": 42, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Kannad man, age 42" }, { "age": 23, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Kannad man, age 23" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/158433165/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. After cross-complaints over a private quarrel on 9 May 2019, Pishor police arrested father-son petitioners a Kannad man (42, labour contractor) and Amol Pawar (23, student) on 31 May 2019 though custodial interrogation was unnecessary for such a minor incident. The petitioners alleged mala fide arrest, illegal detention of at least four hours, assault at the station and illegal handcuffing. The Aurangabad Bench partly allowed the petition, declared the arrest and detention illegal, and directed Rs. 10,000 to petitioner no. 1 and Rs. 15,000 to petitioner no. 2 within 45 days (8% interest on default), granting only nominal compensation on a possible police misconception that Section 324 IPC was non-bailable. It gave the State liberty to recover from the concerned officers. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "After cross-complaints over a private quarrel on 9 May 2019, Pishor police arrested father-son petitioners a Kannad man (42, labour contractor) and Amol Pawar (23, student) on 31 May 2019 though custodial interrogation was unnecessary for such a minor incident. The petitioners alleged mala fide arrest, illegal detention of at least four hours, assault at the station and illegal handcuffing. The Aurangabad Bench partly allowed the petition, declared the arrest and detention illegal, and directed Rs. 10,000 to petitioner no. 1 and Rs. 15,000 to petitioner no. 2 within 45 days (8% interest on default), granting only nominal compensation on a possible police misconception that Section 324 IPC was non-bailable. It gave the State liberty to recover from the concerned officers.", "court_quote": "It was not that serious incident in which custodial interrogation was necessary.", "court_quote_para": "4", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "HC judgment verified; arrest/detention of father-son pair held illegal, Rs. 10,000 + Rs. 15,000 awarded.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-11-05", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "AIR Online 2019 Bom 1128; 2020(1) Bom CR (Cri) 33", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/158433165/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP4-009", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0038", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1147", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Newasa Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Newasa Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Ahilyanagar", "district_at_time": "Ahmednagar", "city_town": "Newasa", "police_station_or_unit": "Newasa Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Newasa Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 25 of 2019", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T. V. Nalawade", "S. M. Gavhane" ], "judgment_date": "2019-11-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2018-05-06", "incident_year": 2018, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 165", "CrPC 166", "CrPC 197", "Constitution of India Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Kopargaon Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Kopargaon Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "S.D.P.O. Office, Ahmednagar Rural", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, S.D.P.O. Office, Ahmednagar Rural" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Killa Police Station, Malegaon", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Killa Police Station, Malegaon" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Belwandi Police Station, Newasa", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Belwandi Police Station, Newasa" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "named_only", "unit": "Newasa Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Newasa Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 13, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 34, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Newasa man, age 34" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/94448930/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2019/12/03/bom-hc-illegal-search-is-violation-of-fundamental-right-to-privacy-state-directed-to-pay-compensation-law-on-ss-165-166-crpc-explained/", "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/news-updates/search-without-warrant-is-breach-of-right-to-privacy-150449" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. At about 2 a.m. on the night of 5-6 May 2018, Newasa police searched the petitioner's house without a search warrant and recovered nothing objectionable; the petitioner alleged an attempt to plant a country-made pistol and threats of false implication. The court found no written record of any secret information and no compliance with section 165 CrPC, though most officers were shown on different duties that night. It held the search illegal, an intrusion into privacy under Article 21 that defamed the entire family. The writ was partly allowed with Rs 25,000 compensation to be deposited by the Government within 45 days (8% interest on delay), with liberty to fix responsibility and recover from the officers; prosecution was not directed as section 197 CrPC sanction would be needed. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "At about 2 a.m. on the night of 5-6 May 2018, Newasa police searched the petitioner's house without a search warrant and recovered nothing objectionable; the petitioner alleged an attempt to plant a country-made pistol and threats of false implication. The court found no written record of any secret information and no compliance with section 165 CrPC, though most officers were shown on different duties that night. It held the search illegal, an intrusion into privacy under Article 21 that defamed the entire family. The writ was partly allowed with Rs 25,000 compensation to be deposited by the Government within 45 days (8% interest on delay), with liberty to fix responsibility and recover from the officers; prosecution was not directed as section 197 CrPC sanction would be needed.", "court_quote": "This Court holds that the action of the police officers was illegal. This Court has no hesitation to hold that the State is liable to pay compensation to the petitioner for such illegal action.", "court_quote_para": "19", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Aurangabad) declared the 2 a.m. warrantless night house search of 6 May 2018 illegal and violative of Art 21 privacy; Rs 25,000 compensation with recovery from officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-11-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 25 of 2019", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/94448930/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2019/12/03/bom-hc-illegal-search-is-violation-of-fundamental-right-to-privacy-state-directed-to-pay-compensation-law-on-ss-165-166-crpc-explained/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/news-updates/search-without-warrant-is-breach-of-right-to-privacy-150449", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-104" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-25-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2019-0010", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0255", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1471" ], "display_title": "Deoli Man and Another vs State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Deoli Man and Another vs State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Wardha", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Deoli", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Deoli", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Deoli Man and Another vs State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 183/2014", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Z.A. Haq", "M.G. Giratkar" ], "judgment_date": "2019-12-17", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2019, "incident_date": "2014-02-05", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC s.151(1)", "CrPC Chapter VIII", "Constitution of India Art. 21", "Constitution of India Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Dhananjay Sayare", "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Police Station Deoli, District Wardha", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.14, "jev_p_culpable": 0.85, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Dhananjay Sayare", "display": "Dhananjay Sayare (Police Inspector)" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Police Station Deoli, District Wardha", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.11, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Police Station Deoli, District Wardha" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 57, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Deoli man, age 57" }, { "name": null, "age": 26, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Deoli man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-368892.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/depriving-person-liberty-article-21-whims-of-the-police-officer-bombay-hc-fines-cop-rs1-lakh-for-illegal-detention-151468", "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2020/01/08/bom-hc-police-inspector-to-pay-rs-1-lakh-compensation-to-petitioners-for-high-handed-action-and-illegal-detention-under-s-151-1-crpc/", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/71877036/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. A Deoli man and his son Dr. Indraprasad Futane, parties to a temple-trust dispute in Deoli, were detained at Deoli police station from 5:00 AM to 12:00 PM on 5 February 2014 under Section 151(1) CrPC before being taken to an Executive Magistrate. The Bombay High Court found that the police officer had no knowledge of any design to commit a cognizable offence and that earlier complaints were non-cognizable, holding the Section 151(1) justification misleading and a cover-up for illegal and motivated detention. Drawing an adverse inference for the non-production and loss of official records, the High Court declared the detention illegal, quashed the Chapter VIII CrPC proceedings, ordered Police Inspector Dhananjay Sayare to pay compensation of Rs 1 lakh to each petitioner personally along with Rs 10,000 costs each, and directed that an entry of the judgment be recorded in the officer's service book. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Deoli man and his son Dr. Indraprasad Futane, parties to a temple-trust dispute in Deoli, were detained at Deoli police station from 5:00 AM to 12:00 PM on 5 February 2014 under Section 151(1) CrPC before being taken to an Executive Magistrate. The Bombay High Court found that the police officer had no knowledge of any design to commit a cognizable offence and that earlier complaints were non-cognizable, holding the Section 151(1) justification misleading and a cover-up for illegal and motivated detention. Drawing an adverse inference for the non-production and loss of official records, the High Court declared the detention illegal, quashed the Chapter VIII CrPC proceedings, ordered Police Inspector Dhananjay Sayare to pay compensation of Rs 1 lakh to each petitioner personally along with Rs 10,000 costs each, and directed that an entry of the judgment be recorded in the officer's service book.", "court_quote": "Depriving a person of his liberty guaranteed by Article 21 of the Constitution of India cannot be left to the whims and wishes of the police officer, and if it is permitted it would be conferring arbitrary and unbridled powers on the police officers / authorities.", "court_quote_para": "10", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court held preventive detention under s.151(1) CrPC illegal, quashed Chapter VIII CrPC proceedings, ordered PI Dhananjay Sayare to pay Rs 1 lakh compensation per petitioner personally and entered judgment in his service book.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2019-12-17", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 183/2014", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-368892.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/depriving-person-liberty-article-21-whims-of-the-police-officer-bombay-hc-fines-cop-rs1-lakh-for-illegal-detention-151468", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2020/01/08/bom-hc-police-inspector-to-pay-rs-1-lakh-compensation-to-petitioners-for-high-handed-action-and-illegal-detention-under-s-151-1-crpc/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/71877036/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-09", "chunk-17", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-015", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2020-0011", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0765", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0252" ], "display_title": "Shirdi Boy v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Shirdi Boy v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Ahilyanagar", "district_at_time": "Ahmednagar", "city_town": "Shirdi", "police_station_or_unit": "Shirdi Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Shirdi Boy v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1548 of 2016", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T.V. Nalawade", "Shrikant D. Kulkarni" ], "judgment_date": "2020-11-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2020, "incident_date": "2016-03-31", "incident_year": 2016, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 22" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (B.No. 450)", "unit": "Shirdi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (B.No. 450), Shirdi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (B.No. 1118)", "unit": "Shirdi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (B.No. 1118), Shirdi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Station Officer (B.No. 745)", "unit": "Shirdi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Station Officer (B.No. 745), Shirdi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (B.No. 2132)", "unit": "Shirdi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (B.No. 2132), Shirdi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (B.No. 1920)", "unit": "Shirdi Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (B.No. 1920), Shirdi Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Policeman", "unit": "Sai temple security, Shirdi", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Policeman, Sai temple security, Shirdi" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (B.No. 1246)", "unit": "Sai temple security, Shirdi", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (B.No. 1246), Sai temple security, Shirdi" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": 16, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Shirdi boy, age 16", "name": null } ], "victims_redacted": [ { "age": 16, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "a 16-year-old boy" } ], "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://hindi.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-385931.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/custodial-death-torture-16yr-old-boy-bombay-high-court-5-lakh-compensation-shirdi-police-cctv-167211", "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?CaseId=310202808300&Title=ASHOK-KONDAJI-ROKADE-Vs.-STATE-OF-MAHARASHTRA", "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-385901.pdf" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that about-16-year-old a 16-year-old boy, picked up on suspicion of pick-pocketing at the Sai temple on 31-03-2016 and put in the Shirdi police lock-up without age enquiry, arrest panchnama or intimation to parents, died in the lock-up the same day. The court concluded it was a case of custodial death at the hands of Shirdi police officials in violation of Article 21 and the D.K. Basu safeguards, rejecting the State's denial of liability. It left the homicidal-versus-suicidal question and the Section 302 prayer to the trial court in Crime 235/2016 (charge-sheet filed against five officers). The court directed the State to deposit Rs 5 lakh ex gratia compensation in court within 45 days (8% interest on default) for equal division between the parents, with liberty to recover from the erring officials once liability is fastened. The officers were charge-sheeted in Crime No. 235 of 2016 at Shirdi Police Station; the court left individual guilt and the homicidal-versus-suicidal question to the trial, recording no finding against any individual. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that about-16-year-old Kiran Rokade, picked up on suspicion of pick-pocketing at the Sai temple on 31-03-2016 and put in the Shirdi police lock-up without age enquiry, arrest panchnama or intimation to parents, died in the lock-up the same day. The court concluded it was a case of custodial death at the hands of Shirdi police officials in violation of Article 21 and the D.K. Basu safeguards, rejecting the State's denial of liability. It left the homicidal-versus-suicidal question and the Section 302 prayer to the trial court in Crime 235/2016 (charge-sheet filed against five officers). The court directed the State to deposit Rs 5 lakh ex gratia compensation in court within 45 days (8% interest on default) for equal division between the parents, with liberty to recover from the erring officials once liability is fastened.", "court_quote": "No enquiry was conducted about the age of [a 16-year-old boy], whether he was juvenile and straightway put up him in the lock up which unfortunately resulted into his custodial death.", "court_quote_para": "17", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Aurangabad) held custodial death at Shirdi PS; Rs 5L ex gratia to parents.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2020-11-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1548 of 2016", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://hindi.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-385931.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/custodial-death-torture-16yr-old-boy-bombay-high-court-5-lakh-compensation-shirdi-police-cctv-167211", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.the-laws.com/Encyclopedia/Browse/Case?CaseId=310202808300&Title=ASHOK-KONDAJI-ROKADE-Vs.-STATE-OF-MAHARASHTRA", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-385901.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-09", "chunk-47", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-011", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2020-0012", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0627", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Kumshi Man and Another v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Kumshi Man and Another v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Beed", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kumshi", "police_station_or_unit": "Beed Rural Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Kumshi Man and Another v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 574 of 2013", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T.V. Nalawade", "M.G. Sewlikar" ], "judgment_date": "2020-12-01", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2020, "incident_date": "2013-01-30", "incident_year": 2013, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 323", "IPC 324", "IPC 504", "IPC 506", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Head Constable", "unit": "Beed Rural Police Station", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.78, "jev_p_culpable": 0.49, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Head Constable, Beed Rural Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Beed Division", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, Beed Division" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 33, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kumshi man, age 33" }, { "name": null, "age": 34, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Kumshi man, age 34" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/12872662/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-386444.pdf", "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/illegal-detention-compensation-bombay-high-court-167687" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad) allowed the petition of a Kumshi man (33) and a Kumshi man (34) of Kumshi, holding their six-day detention from 30 January 2013 illegal and awarding Rs 50,000 to each petitioner (Rs 1 lakh total) payable by the State within 45 days (8% interest on default), with liberty to fasten responsibility on the concerned police officer and the then Executive Magistrate and recover. Arrested by Beed Rural police on an FIR under ss. 323/324/504/506/34 IPC and granted bail the same day by the JMFC, they were re-taken in custody and produced before the Executive Magistrate on a bare Section 107 CrPC report, which imposed an onerous interim bond under Section 116(3) CrPC. The Court held the Magistrate's order illegal and without jurisdiction, and found mala fides in the police action intended to keep them behind bars. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad) allowed the petition of a Kumshi man (33) and a Kumshi man (34) of Kumshi, holding their six-day detention from 30 January 2013 illegal and awarding Rs 50,000 to each petitioner (Rs 1 lakh total) payable by the State within 45 days (8% interest on default), with liberty to fasten responsibility on the concerned police officer and the then Executive Magistrate and recover. Arrested by Beed Rural police on an FIR under ss. 323/324/504/506/34 IPC and granted bail the same day by the JMFC, they were re-taken in custody and produced before the Executive Magistrate on a bare Section 107 CrPC report, which imposed an onerous interim bond under Section 116(3) CrPC. The Court held the Magistrate's order illegal and without jurisdiction, and found mala fides in the police action intended to keep them behind bars.", "court_quote": "These circumstances show that there were mala fides and the intention of the police was to see that the Petitioners are arrested and they are kept behind bars for a few days.", "court_quote_para": null, "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Aurangabad) held 6-day detention illegal; Rs 50K each. NOTE: same judgment as CWC-0629 (duplicate candidates).", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2020-12-01", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 574 of 2013", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [], "followup_status": "never_checked", "last_checked": null, "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/12872662/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/pdf_upload-386444.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/illegal-detention-compensation-bombay-high-court-167687", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-47" ], "merged_case_id": "WEST---CENTRAL-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0251", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Burudgaon, Ahmednagar Woman & Anr. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Burudgaon, Ahmednagar Woman & Anr. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Ahilyanagar", "district_at_time": "Ahmednagar", "city_town": "Burudgaon, Ahmednagar", "police_station_or_unit": "Kotwali Police Station and Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Burudgaon, Ahmednagar Woman & Anr. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition Nos. 363 of 2008 with 1658 of 2015", "citation": null, "judges": [ "T. V. Nalawade", "M. G. Sewlikar" ], "judgment_date": "2021-01-13", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "2007-05-12", "incident_year": 2007, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 306", "IPC 330", "IPC 331", "IPC 341", "IPC 343", "IPC 201", "IPC 109", "IPC 166", "IPC 193", "IPC 34", "IPC 120B" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Kotwali Police Station, Ahmednagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.93, "jev_p_culpable": 0.13, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Kotwali Police Station, Ahmednagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.94, "jev_p_culpable": 0.1, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Sub-Inspector, Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.16, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Policeman", "unit": "Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Policeman, Local Crime Branch, Ahmednagar" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Policeman", "unit": "Ahmednagar police", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Policeman, Ahmednagar police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Ahmednagar police", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Ahmednagar police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "unit": "Ahmednagar police", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Ahmednagar police" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": 50, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Burudgaon, Ahmednagar woman, age 50" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 500000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/10612754/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/145629790/" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that a Burudgaon, Ahmednagar woman, a 50-year-old Pardhi tribal woman illegally picked up on 12-05-2007 without any arrest record, died in police custody after torture at Kotwali Police Station, the LCB office and the Jamkhed rest house to extract information about stolen gold, rejecting the CID suicide-by-poison theory since no poison was detected and nine ante-mortem injuries including a head injury were found. The court held no sanction under Section 197 CrPC was needed as every act was unauthorised and illegal, left it open to the trial court to frame murder charges (Sections 302, 201 read with 120B IPC), and vacated the stay on Sessions Case No. 184 of 2013. It granted Rs 5,00,000 compensation to a Burudgaon, Ahmednagar woman's legal representatives (State to deposit in court within 45 days, 8% default interest, recoverable from the responsible police officers after inquiry). Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that a Burudgaon, Ahmednagar woman, a 50-year-old Pardhi tribal woman illegally picked up on 12-05-2007 without any arrest record, died in police custody after torture at Kotwali Police Station, the LCB office and the Jamkhed rest house to extract information about stolen gold, rejecting the CID suicide-by-poison theory since no poison was detected and nine ante-mortem injuries including a head injury were found. The court held no sanction under Section 197 CrPC was needed as every act was unauthorised and illegal, left it open to the trial court to frame murder charges (Sections 302, 201 read with 120B IPC), and vacated the stay on Sessions Case No. 184 of 2013. It granted Rs 5,00,000 compensation to a Burudgaon, Ahmednagar woman's legal representatives (State to deposit in court within 45 days, 8% default interest, recoverable from the responsible police officers after inquiry).", "court_quote": "So far as relief of compensation claimed by legal representatives of deceased is concerned, aforesaid material is more than sufficient to prove that a Burudgaon, Ahmednagar woman died in the custody of Police.", "court_quote_para": "27", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment text verified. Accused are police (7 charge-sheeted + 1 private doctor, Dr. Sidhavaram Deepak Subramanyam, excluded from officers). Full accused names/ranks taken from judgment memo and findings; first name '[name withheld]' is as printed in source text and may be a transcription error; [name withheld] noted as died; ranks null where judgment silent. Input's recall-rejection (Crl. Appln. 1365/2021, 21-08-2021) not re-verified; kept only as secondary source link.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-01-13", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 500,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition Nos. 363 of 2008 with 1658 of 2015", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/10612754/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/145629790/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-010", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2021-0009", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0244", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1468" ], "display_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": "Mumbai", "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Deonar Police Station and Shivaji Nagar Police Station, Mumbai", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra and Ors.", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 2754 of 2021", "citation": null, "judges": [ "S.S. Shinde", "N.J. Jamadar" ], "judgment_date": "2021-11-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2021, "incident_date": "2021-07-30", "incident_year": 2021, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 41A" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Deonar Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector, Deonar Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Shivaji Nagar Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector, Shivaji Nagar Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "named_only", "unit": "Deonar Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.92, "jev_p_culpable": 0.08, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Deonar Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 20000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/sadiquabee-mohd-usman-shaik-v-state-of-maharashtra-and-ors-404400.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/bombay-high-court-illegal-custody-orders-compensation-rights-of-accused-habeas-corpus-petition-185919", "https://indiankanoon.org/docfragment/13923813/" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. A Mumbai man Shaikh, arrested in a Deonar mobile-theft case (CR 399/2021, IPC 380), was kept in the Shivaji Nagar Police Station lock-up from 30.7.2021 to 5.8.2021 even though the Metropolitan Magistrate (45th Court, Kurla) had expressly declined further police custody and remanded him to judicial custody till 13.8.2021. The Court rejected the police explanation of COVID RTPCR unavailability and non-availability of vehicles as flimsy, holding the constitutional and legal rights of the accused were blatantly violated in flagrant violation of the Magistrate's order. It partly allowed the wife's habeas corpus petition, directed the State to pay Rs 20,000 compensation to the accused within four weeks, and left it open to the State to hold an inquiry, fix liability on the concerned officers and take appropriate action. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Mumbai man Shaikh, arrested in a Deonar mobile-theft case (CR 399/2021, IPC 380), was kept in the Shivaji Nagar Police Station lock-up from 30.7.2021 to 5.8.2021 even though the Metropolitan Magistrate (45th Court, Kurla) had expressly declined further police custody and remanded him to judicial custody till 13.8.2021. The Court rejected the police explanation of COVID RTPCR unavailability and non-availability of vehicles as flimsy, holding the constitutional and legal rights of the accused were blatantly violated in flagrant violation of the Magistrate's order. It partly allowed the wife's habeas corpus petition, directed the State to pay Rs 20,000 compensation to the accused within four weeks, and left it open to the State to hold an inquiry, fix liability on the concerned officers and take appropriate action.", "court_quote": "The situation which thus obtains is that, the Accused was detained in police custody in flagrant violation of the order passed by the learned Metropolitan Magistrate to lodge the Accused in prison. The constitutional and legal rights of the Accused were, thus, blatantly violated.", "court_quote_para": "15", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Full 20-page judgment text verified from LiveLaw PDF (WP 2754/2021, pronounced 16.11.2021, Coram S.S. Shinde and N.J. Jamadar). Pre-remand illegal-detention allegation (26-28.7.2021) was rejected, but five days' post-remand police lock-up detention (30.7.2021-5.8.2021) in defiance of the Magistrate's judicial-remand order was held proved; Rs 20,000 compensation with liberty to hold inquiry and fix liability. Accused are police.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2021-11-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 20,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Writ Petition No. 2754 of 2021", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/sadiquabee-mohd-usman-shaik-v-state-of-maharashtra-and-ors-404400.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/bombay-high-court-illegal-custody-orders-compensation-rights-of-accused-habeas-corpus-petition-185919", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/docfragment/13923813/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-44", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-036", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0022", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0257", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Latur Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Latur Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Latur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Latur", "police_station_or_unit": "MIDC Police Station, Latur", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Latur Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1482 of 2017 with Criminal Application No. 711 of 2018", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Mangesh S. Patil", "Abhay S. Waghwase" ], "judgment_date": "2022-11-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "2017-10-15", "incident_year": 2017, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 384" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik (lock-up guard)", "unit": "MIDC Police Station, Latur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.73, "jev_p_culpable": 0.33, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik (lock-up guard), MIDC Police Station, Latur" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Latur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199436558/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/85471650/" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that businessman [name withheld], in his early forties and in MIDC (Latur) police custody on remand till 16-10-2017, died after the lock-up guard negligently handed phenyl directly to him in the lock-up on 15-10-2017, which he consumed and for which he died during treatment. The court found the police machinery indirectly responsible for a death in its custody and liable to compensate as an instrumentality of the Government. It declined CBI transfer since the CID/DySP probe was continuing, and rejected the Rs 2 crore claim. It awarded Rs 10 lakh compensation to the widow and minor son (Rs 2.5 lakh each in fixed deposit, Rs 5 lakh to the widow within three months), holding the brother and mother not entitled. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that businessman [name withheld], in his early forties and in MIDC (Latur) police custody on remand till 16-10-2017, died after the lock-up guard negligently handed phenyl directly to him in the lock-up on 15-10-2017, which he consumed and for which he died during treatment. The court found the police machinery indirectly responsible for a death in its custody and liable to compensate as an instrumentality of the Government. It declined CBI transfer since the CID/DySP probe was continuing, and rejected the Rs 2 crore claim. It awarded Rs 10 lakh compensation to the widow and minor son (Rs 2.5 lakh each in fixed deposit, Rs 5 lakh to the widow within three months), holding the brother and mother not entitled.", "court_quote": "when death has taken place while in custody of police, such machinery, though indirectly, is responsible for the death", "court_quote_para": "26", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Aurangabad) held death in MIDC Latur custody from guard negligence; Rs 10L. Corrected: phenyl, not acid.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2022-11-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1482 of 2017 with Criminal Application No. 711 of 2018", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para", "officers" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199436558/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/85471650/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-09", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-017", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2022-0033", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0775", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Vilas Shantaram Kaldhone v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Vilas Shantaram Kaldhone v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai City", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai (Sion)", "police_station_or_unit": "Sion Police Station (C.R. No. 155/2014)", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Vilas Shantaram Kaldhone v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal No. 1301 of 2018", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Sarang V. Kotwal" ], "judgment_date": "2022-11-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2022, "incident_date": "2014-05-07", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 377", "IPC 506 Part I", "POCSO Act s.4" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Vilas Shantaram Kaldhone", "rank": "Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.97, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Vilas Shantaram Kaldhone", "display": "Vilas Shantaram Kaldhone (Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": 17, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mumbai boy, age 17" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "mixed", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/bombay-hc-2-447515.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/bombay-high-court-pocso-case-conviction-former-cop-dna-evidence-medical-evidence-215776", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/reduction-of-sentence-constable-sexual-assault-minor-boy-good-behaviour-in-jail-1451270" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. On 7 May 2014 a 17-year-old boy who had left home after a quarrel accepted a motorcycle lift near Shanmukhananda Hall, Sion, from Vilas Kaldhone, who said he was police personnel; Kaldhone took him to a building terrace and sexually assaulted him at knifepoint. PW-10 deposed that Kaldhone was a constable who had been suspended from service much before the incident. The trial court convicted him under Section 377 IPC, Section 506 Part I IPC and Section 4 POCSO Act with 10-year concurrent terms on 12 April 2018. The court held the DNA match on the victim's underwear clinching, rejected the defence claim of semen collection at the police station, and maintained the conviction while reducing the substantive sentences to the 8-plus years already undergone, above the then 7-year POCSO minimum, citing good jail conduct. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "On 7 May 2014 a 17-year-old boy who had left home after a quarrel accepted a motorcycle lift near Shanmukhananda Hall, Sion, from Vilas Kaldhone, who said he was police personnel; Kaldhone took him to a building terrace and sexually assaulted him at knifepoint. PW-10 deposed that Kaldhone was a constable who had been suspended from service much before the incident. The trial court convicted him under Section 377 IPC, Section 506 Part I IPC and Section 4 POCSO Act with 10-year concurrent terms on 12 April 2018. The court held the DNA match on the victim's underwear clinching, rejected the defence claim of semen collection at the police station, and maintained the conviction while reducing the substantive sentences to the 8-plus years already undergone, above the then 7-year POCSO minimum, citing good jail conduct.", "court_quote": "All these factors considered together or even separately, point unerringly to the guilt of the appellant. The prosecution has proved its case beyond reasonable doubt.", "court_quote_para": "25", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Suspended constable's POCSO/s.377 conviction upheld on DNA and medical evidence; sentence cut to time undergone.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Bombay High Court judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 1301 of 2018", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2022-11-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "Criminal Appeal No. 1301 of 2018", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/bombay-hc-2-447515.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/bombay-high-court-pocso-case-conviction-former-cop-dna-evidence-medical-evidence-215776", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/reduction-of-sentence-constable-sexual-assault-minor-boy-good-behaviour-in-jail-1451270", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-58" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-12-003", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0035", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1119", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "CISF Constable/Driver v. Union of India & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "CISF Constable/Driver v. Union of India & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "CISF Unit, CSIA, Mumbai", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "CISF Constable/Driver v. Union of India & Ors.", "case_number": "SLP (Civil) No. 10499 of 2022", "citation": "2023 LiveLaw (SC) 44", "judges": [ "Ajay Rastogi", "Bela M. Trivedi" ], "judgment_date": "2023-01-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2007-01-01", "incident_year": 2007, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "CISF Rules 2001 Rule 36", "CISF Rules 2001 Rule 54", "IPC 323", "IPC 324", "IPC 341" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable/Driver", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "CISF", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Constable/Driver, CISF" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 0, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "central_armed", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/45959979/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/1512120225150141000judgement16-jan-2023watermark-1458791.pdf" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. The petitioner was appointed constable/driver in the CISF on 3 November 2007 but suppressed a pending criminal case (FIR No. 153 of 2003, under Sections 323, 324 and 341 IPC) in his entry-time character-verification certificate. The Commandant initially imposed reduction of pay by one stage; the DIG Headquarters Navi Mumbai suo motu revised the lenient penalty under Rule 54 and ordered a fresh inquiry, which ended in removal from service on 9 March 2010, upheld in departmental appeal and revision. A Single Bench of the Rajasthan High Court twice set aside the removal, but the Division Bench restored it on 16 November 2021. The Supreme Court held suppression of criminal antecedents at entry into a disciplined force is gross misconduct, found the removal followed due process without mala fides, declined to interfere under Article 136 and dismissed the SLP. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The petitioner was appointed constable/driver in the CISF on 3 November 2007 but suppressed a pending criminal case (FIR No. 153 of 2003, under Sections 323, 324 and 341 IPC) in his entry-time character-verification certificate. The Commandant initially imposed reduction of pay by one stage; the DIG Headquarters Navi Mumbai suo motu revised the lenient penalty under Rule 54 and ordered a fresh inquiry, which ended in removal from service on 9 March 2010, upheld in departmental appeal and revision. A Single Bench of the Rajasthan High Court twice set aside the removal, but the Division Bench restored it on 16 November 2021. The Supreme Court held suppression of criminal antecedents at entry into a disciplined force is gross misconduct, found the removal followed due process without mala fides, declined to interfere under Article 136 and dismissed the SLP.", "court_quote": "The petitioner having been found to have committed gross misconduct right at the threshold of entering into disciplined force like CISF, and the respondent authorities having passed the order of his removal from service after following due process of law and without actuated by malafides, the court is not inclined to exercise its limited jurisdiction under Article 136 of the Constitution.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC dismissed SLP; removal of CISF constable for suppressing criminal case at entry upheld.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-01-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2023 LiveLaw (SC) 44", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/45959979/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/1512120225150141000judgement16-jan-2023watermark-1458791.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-100" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP3-134-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0250", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1427" ], "display_title": "Manegaon, Taluka Madha Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Manegaon, Taluka Madha Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Solapur", "district_at_time": "Solapur", "city_town": "Manegaon, Taluka Madha", "police_station_or_unit": "Manegaon Outpost, Police Station Madha, Solapur", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Manegaon, Taluka Madha Man v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1647 of 2019", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Vibha Kankanwadi", "Abhay S. Waghwase" ], "judgment_date": "2023-01-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2018-11-04", "incident_year": 2018, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 302 r/w 34", "Constitution Art. 226", "Constitution Art. 21" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Dashrath Vishwanath Kumbhar", "rank": "Police Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Manegaon Outpost, Madha PS, Solapur", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.62, "jev_p_culpable": 0.65, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Dashrath Vishwanath Kumbhar", "display": "Dashrath Vishwanath Kumbhar (Police Head Constable)" }, { "name": "Deepak Raman Kshirsagar", "rank": "Police Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Manegaon Outpost, Madha PS, Solapur", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.65, "jev_p_culpable": 0.62, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Deepak Raman Kshirsagar", "display": "Deepak Raman Kshirsagar (Police Head Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": 23, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Manegaon, Taluka Madha man, age 23" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1529600, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161546163/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/injuries-need-not-occur-inside-police-station-for-custodial-death-bombay-high-court-grants-15-lakh-to-victims-mother-in-police-brutality-case-219553", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/custodial-death-power-of-police-to-regulate-crime-not-unfettered-cant-treat-citizens-in-inhuman-manner-bombay-high-court", "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/ordjud-22-454895.pdf" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that the death of 23-year-old Pradip Kute on 04-11-2018 was a homicidal custodial death at the hands of two head constables of the Manegaon outpost, who intercepted his sugarcane tractor over a loudly played tape recorder and beat him with sticks, kicks and fists. Relying on the Section 176(1)(a) CrPC magisterial inquiry report, 43 ante-mortem injuries in the post-mortem, and consistent eyewitnesses, the court rejected the defence of brain disease and post-mortem injuries. It awarded Rs 15,29,600 compensation to the mother (Rs 13,29,600 dependency plus Rs 2,00,000 for police atrocities), payable by the State within two months with 6% default interest and recoverable from the two constables, with Rs 10 lakh to be invested for five years; the criminal trial (Crime No. 218/2018) was noted as pending.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held that the death of 23-year-old Pradip Kute on 04-11-2018 was a homicidal custodial death at the hands of two head constables of the Manegaon outpost, who intercepted his sugarcane tractor over a loudly played tape recorder and beat him with sticks, kicks and fists. Relying on the Section 176(1)(a) CrPC magisterial inquiry report, 43 ante-mortem injuries in the post-mortem, and consistent eyewitnesses, the court rejected the defence of brain disease and post-mortem injuries. It awarded Rs 15,29,600 compensation to the mother (Rs 13,29,600 dependency plus Rs 2,00,000 for police atrocities), payable by the State within two months with 6% default interest and recoverable from the two constables, with Rs 10 lakh to be invested for five years; the criminal trial (Crime No. 218/2018) was noted as pending.", "court_quote": "It will be open to the State to recover the amount, so paid to the petitioner from respondent Nos.4 and 5, as they have been revealed to be the persons responsible for the death of a Manegaon, Taluka Madha man", "court_quote_para": "13 (order cl. 4)", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment text verified. Accused are police; adverse finding with compensation. Petitioner resides in Osmanabad district but incident/Out Post are in Solapur, so district is Solapur. Victim's wife [name withheld] died 21-06-2020 per judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-01-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,529,600.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1647 of 2019", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/161546163/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/injuries-need-not-occur-inside-police-station-for-custodial-death-bombay-high-court-grants-15-lakh-to-victims-mother-in-police-brutality-case-219553", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/custodial-death-power-of-police-to-regulate-crime-not-unfettered-cant-treat-citizens-in-inhuman-manner-bombay-high-court", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/ordjud-22-454895.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-39", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-009", "officers_named_public": 2, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0254", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Beed Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Beed Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Beed", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Beed", "police_station_or_unit": "Police guard on duty, Government Hospital, Beed / Beed District Jail", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Beed Man & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Anr.", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1464 of 2015", "citation": "2023 SCC OnLine Bom 562", "judges": [ "Anuja Prabhudessai", "R.M. Joshi" ], "judgment_date": "2023-03-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2012-02-27", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Constitution Art 21", "Constitution Art 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Guard", "unit": "Police guard on duty, Government Hospital Beed", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.79, "jev_p_culpable": 0.43, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Guard, Police guard on duty, Government Hospital Beed" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Guard", "unit": "Police guard on duty, Government Hospital Beed", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Guard, Police guard on duty, Government Hospital Beed" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Jail staff", "unit": "Beed District Jail", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Jail staff, Beed District Jail" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 32, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Beed man, age 32" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1000000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/ordjud-3wk-1477892.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/bombay-hc-rs-10-lakh-compensation-undertrial-prisoner-1466333", "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2023/03/14/deceased-denied-medical-treatment-in-jail-bombay-hc-awards-compensation-legal-research-legal-news-updates/" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held there was total negligence by the Beed jail authorities and the on-duty police guard in denying medical care to 32-year-old undertrial a Beed man, who complained of chest pain from early February 2012 but was shifted to hospital only on 23-02-2012 and died on 27-02-2012. The court found the police guard declined to shift him to Government Medical College, Aurangabad despite medical advice, violating his Article 21 right to health. Rejecting the State's denial of negligence, it awarded Rs 10 lakh compensation to the parents, widow and two minor children, payable within four weeks (6% interest on default), with liberty to recover from the negligent officers. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) held there was total negligence by the Beed jail authorities and the on-duty police guard in denying medical care to 32-year-old undertrial a Beed man, who complained of chest pain from early February 2012 but was shifted to hospital only on 23-02-2012 and died on 27-02-2012. The court found the police guard declined to shift him to Government Medical College, Aurangabad despite medical advice, violating his Article 21 right to health. Rejecting the State's denial of negligence, it awarded Rs 10 lakh compensation to the parents, widow and two minor children, payable within four weeks (6% interest on default), with liberty to recover from the negligent officers.", "court_quote": "there has been total negligence and lapse on the part of the jail authorities in providing adequate, effective and proper medical treatment and on the part of the police guard on duty who declined to shift the deceased [name withheld] to Government Medical College, Aurangabad which has resulted in his death.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC (Aurangabad) held jail + police-guard negligence caused undertrial's death; Rs 10L awarded.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-03-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,000,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2023 SCC OnLine Bom 562", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/ordjud-3wk-1477892.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/bombay-hc-rs-10-lakh-compensation-undertrial-prisoner-1466333", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2023/03/14/deceased-denied-medical-treatment-in-jail-bombay-hc-awards-compensation-legal-research-legal-news-updates/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-09", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-013", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2023-0028", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0588", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai City", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Tardeo Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 2436 of 2023", "citation": "2023:BHC-AS:28590-DB", "judges": [ "Revati Mohite Dere", "Gauri Godse" ], "judgment_date": "2023-09-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2023, "incident_date": "2023-07-17", "incident_year": 2023, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC s.41A", "CrPC s.436", "IPC s.354A", "IPC s.509", "Constitution of India Art. 21", "Constitution of India Art. 226" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector", "unit": "Tardeo Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_union:unclear", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "unclear", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.89, "jev_p_culpable": 0.16, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector, Tardeo Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Tardeo Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no", "key2_openrouter:no" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "no", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "no", "jev_risk": 0.95, "jev_p_culpable": 0.04, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Tardeo Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/172112741/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.barandbench.com/news/bombay-high-court-2-lakhs-compensation-music-teacher-illegally-detained-police" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Music teacher a Mumbai man was detained at Tardeo Police Station on 17 July 2023 and transferred overnight to Saat Rasta Lock-up in connection with C.R. No. 310/2023 registered under Sections 354A and 509 IPC, both bailable offences. Despite Sampat having complied with Section 41A CrPC notices and his advocate tendering a written request to furnish bail under Section 436 CrPC, police refused bail, stripped him in the lock-up, and released him on a personal bond only after his wife moved a habeas corpus petition before the High Court on 18 July 2023. A division bench of the Bombay High Court held that the overnight detention was entirely illegal and in brazen violation of Article 21, Section 436 CrPC, and Supreme Court arrest guidelines. The Court directed the State Government to pay Rs 2,00,000 compensation to the victim, ordered the Commissioner of Police to appoint a DCP-rank officer to conduct an inquiry into the conduct of officers at Tardeo Police Station and Saat Rasta Lock-up within eight weeks, and ordered that the compensation amount be recovered from the salaries of the officers found responsible. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Music teacher a Mumbai man was detained at Tardeo Police Station on 17 July 2023 and transferred overnight to Saat Rasta Lock-up in connection with C.R. No. 310/2023 registered under Sections 354A and 509 IPC, both bailable offences. Despite Sampat having complied with Section 41A CrPC notices and his advocate tendering a written request to furnish bail under Section 436 CrPC, police refused bail, stripped him in the lock-up, and released him on a personal bond only after his wife moved a habeas corpus petition before the High Court on 18 July 2023. A division bench of the Bombay High Court held that the overnight detention was entirely illegal and in brazen violation of Article 21, Section 436 CrPC, and Supreme Court arrest guidelines. The Court directed the State Government to pay Rs 2,00,000 compensation to the victim, ordered the Commissioner of Police to appoint a DCP-rank officer to conduct an inquiry into the conduct of officers at Tardeo Police Station and Saat Rasta Lock-up within eight weeks, and ordered that the compensation amount be recovered from the salaries of the officers found responsible.", "court_quote": "It is thus clearly evident from the aforesaid facts, that the petitioner's husband-a Mumbai man was detained illegally by the police from around 9:30 p.m on 17th July 2023, till 1:00 p.m. on 18th July 2023, till the time, the police learnt of the petition filed in this Court.", "court_quote_para": "20", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "High Court held overnight lock-up detention in bailable offences illegal and violative of Art. 21 and s.436 CrPC, awarded Rs 2 lakh compensation to victim, and ordered recovery from erring officers after DCP inquiry.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2023-09-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2023:BHC-AS:28590-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/172112741/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.barandbench.com/news/bombay-high-court-2-lakhs-compensation-music-teacher-illegally-detained-police", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-17" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0029", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0912", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "[name withheld] & Ors. Maharashtra Resident & Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "[name withheld] & Ors. Maharashtra Resident & Anr.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": null, "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": null, "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "[name withheld] & Ors. Maharashtra Resident & Anr.", "case_number": "SLP (Crl.) Nos. 14585/2023, 14572/2023, 14734-14735/2023, 15433/2023, 15294/2023", "citation": "2024 INSC 75; 2024 LiveLaw (SC) 77", "judges": [ "Vikram Nath", "Satish Chandra Sharma" ], "judgment_date": "2024-01-30", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2022-03-09", "incident_year": 2022, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Maharashtra Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Maharashtra Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Maharashtra Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Maharashtra Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Maharashtra Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Maharashtra Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Maharashtra Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Maharashtra Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Maharashtra Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Maharashtra Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": null, "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Maharashtra Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police personnel, Maharashtra Police" } ], "officer_count": 6, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Maharashtra resident" }, { "age": null, "gender": null, "name": null, "descriptor": "Maharashtra resident" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "fine", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 1200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/shatrughna-atmaram-v-vinod-dodhuwatermark-1584202.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/159752479/", "https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-asks-6-maharashtra-police-officers-to-pay-rs-6-lakhs-cost-to-tenants-who-were-illegally-evicted-248253" ], "summary": "Two tenants were called to the local police station on 9 March 2022, held for about 24 hours, and coerced to sign vacation documents while their premises were demolished by the vendor family with local police support. Their Section 156(3) complaints were sent for registration by the Sessions Court and sustained by the High Court. During Supreme Court proceedings the tenants settled with the private purchasers for Rs. 10 lakh each. The Court held continuance of the complaints futile but refused to let the six named police personnel go scot-free given their apparent role in conspiring and abetting the detention, coercion and demolition, imposing graded personal costs totalling Rs. 6 lakh per case to the Armed Forces Battle Casualties Welfare Fund as a condition for quashing. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Two tenants were called to the local police station on 9 March 2022, held for about 24 hours, and coerced to sign vacation documents while their premises were demolished by the vendor family with local police support. Their Section 156(3) complaints were sent for registration by the Sessions Court and sustained by the High Court. During Supreme Court proceedings the tenants settled with the private purchasers for Rs. 10 lakh each. The Court held continuance of the complaints futile but refused to let the six named police personnel go scot-free given their apparent role in conspiring and abetting the detention, coercion and demolition, imposing graded personal costs totalling Rs. 6 lakh per case to the Armed Forces Battle Casualties Welfare Fund as a condition for quashing.", "court_quote": "However, what we are not satisfied with is why the police personnel have been allowed to go scot-free in a case where they had an apparent roll in conspiring and in abetting the crime of the illegal detention of the tenants, coercing them to sign the document against their will, and getting the premises in question demolished without any order from a competent Court.", "court_quote_para": "9", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "SC recorded police role in illegal detention/demolition and imposed Rs.12L costs; district and rank mapping not in judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-01-30", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 1,200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024 INSC 75; 2024 LiveLaw (SC) 77", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/shatrughna-atmaram-v-vinod-dodhuwatermark-1584202.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/159752479/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-asks-6-maharashtra-police-officers-to-pay-rs-6-lakhs-cost-to-tenants-who-were-illegally-evicted-248253", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-77" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-60-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0026", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0710", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Paithan Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Paithan Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar", "district_at_time": "Aurangabad", "city_town": "Paithan", "police_station_or_unit": "Paithan Police Station", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Paithan Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal arising out of SLP (Crl.) No. 2600 of 2019", "citation": "2024 INSC 232", "judges": [], "judgment_date": "2024-03-18", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2015-06-14", "incident_year": 2015, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Paithan Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Paithan Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Paithan man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2024-insc-232-1603200.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/supreme-court/somnath-v-the-state-of-maharashtra-2024-insc-232-high-handed-acts-police-ordinary-citizen-shame-justice-delivery-system-1527596" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Supreme Court of India records the following account. A Paithan man, a Scheduled Caste man arrested on 14 June 2015 in a theft case, alleged illegal detention, assault and abuse by Police Inspector of Paithan Police Station. A Commission inquiry found excesses, and the Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) directed the officer to pay Rs. 75,000 from his own pocket. The Supreme Court upheld that judgment and recorded its own finding that the officer, being in a position of power, totally abused his official position. It held him liable for a further Rs. 1,00,000 (paid during proceedings), refraining from directing criminal prosecution only because he had superannuated and paid compensation. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "A Paithan man, a Scheduled Caste man arrested on 14 June 2015 in a theft case, alleged illegal detention, assault and abuse by Police Inspector of Paithan Police Station. A Commission inquiry found excesses, and the Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) directed the officer to pay Rs. 75,000 from his own pocket. The Supreme Court upheld that judgment and recorded its own finding that the officer, being in a position of power, totally abused his official position. It held him liable for a further Rs. 1,00,000 (paid during proceedings), refraining from directing criminal prosecution only because he had superannuated and paid compensation.", "court_quote": "A zero-tolerance approach towards such high-handed acts needs to be adopted as such acts, committed by persons in power against an ordinary citizen, who is in a non-bargaining position, bring shame to the entire justice delivery system.", "court_quote_para": "23", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "2024 INSC 232 verified via Verdictum; SC finding of abuse of power with added Rs. 1 lakh from officer's pocket.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-03-18", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024 INSC 232", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2024-insc-232-1603200.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/supreme-court/somnath-v-the-state-of-maharashtra-2024-insc-232-high-handed-acts-police-ordinary-citizen-shame-justice-delivery-system-1527596", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-49" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-002", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0004", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0241", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0950" ], "display_title": "Ramprasad Versova, Mumbai Man vs Pradeep Rameshwar Sharma and Anr.", "display_title_redacted": "Ramprasad Versova, Mumbai Man vs Pradeep Rameshwar Sharma and Anr.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Versova, Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "D.N. Nagar / Versova Police Stations", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Ramprasad Versova, Mumbai Man vs Pradeep Rameshwar Sharma and Anr.", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 854 of 2013 and 350 of 2015 with connected appeals", "citation": "2024:BHC-AS:13217-DB; 2024 LiveLaw (Bom) 151", "judges": [ "Revati Mohite Dere", "Gauri Godse" ], "judgment_date": "2024-03-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2006-11-11", "incident_year": 2006, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory_display": "fake encounter extrajudicial killing", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 120B", "IPC 302", "IPC 364", "IPC 365", "IPC 368", "IPC 344", "IPC 201", "IPC 119", "IPC 109", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Pradeep Rameshwar Sharma", "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police (D.N. Nagar / Versova)", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.13, "jev_p_culpable": 0.96, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Pradeep Rameshwar Sharma", "display": "Pradeep Rameshwar Sharma (Police Inspector)" }, { "name": "Nitin Gorakhnath Sartape", "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "D.N. Nagar Police Station, Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.17, "jev_p_culpable": 0.89, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Nitin Gorakhnath Sartape", "display": "Nitin Gorakhnath Sartape (Assistant Police Inspector)" }, { "name": "Sandip Hemraj Sardar", "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "D.N. Nagar Police Station, Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.14, "jev_p_culpable": 0.9, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Sandip Hemraj Sardar", "display": "Sandip Hemraj Sardar (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Tanaji Bhausaheb Desai", "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.14, "jev_p_culpable": 0.89, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Tanaji Bhausaheb Desai", "display": "Tanaji Bhausaheb Desai (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Pradeep Pandurang Suryawanshi", "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "D.N. Nagar Police Station, Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.26, "jev_p_culpable": 0.7, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Pradeep Pandurang Suryawanshi", "display": "Pradeep Pandurang Suryawanshi (Police Inspector)" }, { "name": "Ratnakar Gautam Kamble", "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.24, "jev_p_culpable": 0.8, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Ratnakar Gautam Kamble", "display": "Ratnakar Gautam Kamble (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Vinayak Balasaheb Shinde", "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.19, "jev_p_culpable": 0.88, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Vinayak Balasaheb Shinde", "display": "Vinayak Balasaheb Shinde (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Devidas Gangaram Hari Sakpal", "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.21, "jev_p_culpable": 0.86, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Devidas Gangaram Hari Sakpal", "display": "Devidas Gangaram Hari Sakpal (Police Constable)" }, { "name": "Anand Balaji Patade", "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.17, "jev_p_culpable": 0.88, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Anand Balaji Patade", "display": "Anand Balaji Patade (Police Sub-Inspector)" }, { "name": "Dilip Sitaram Palande", "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.23, "jev_p_culpable": 0.87, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Dilip Sitaram Palande", "display": "Dilip Sitaram Palande (Assistant Police Inspector)" }, { "name": "Pandurang Ganpat Kokam", "rank": "Police Naik", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Versova Police Station, Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.16, "jev_p_culpable": 0.89, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Pandurang Ganpat Kokam", "display": "Pandurang Ganpat Kokam (Police Naik)" }, { "name": "Ganesh Ankush Harpude", "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Versova Police Station, Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.21, "jev_p_culpable": 0.84, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Ganesh Ankush Harpude", "display": "Ganesh Ankush Harpude (Police Sub-Inspector)" }, { "name": "Prakash Ganpat Kadam", "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "convicted", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear(overruled by grok)" ], "ledger_role": "convicted", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": "yes", "jev_risk": 0.21, "jev_p_culpable": 0.85, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "pending_appeal", "name_public": "Prakash Ganpat Kadam", "display": "Prakash Ganpat Kadam (Head Constable)" } ], "officer_count": 13, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 33, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Versova, Mumbai man, age 33" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Versova, Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/86153079/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-mumbai-police-encounter-specialist-pradeep-sharma-acquittal-fake-encounter-case-lakhan-bhaiya-252769", "https://www.barandbench.com/news/bombay-high-court-overturns-acquittal-former-cop-pradeep-sharma-fake-encounter-case" ], "summary": "On 11 November 2006 a Mumbai Police squad led by encounter-specialist PI [name withheld] abducted Ramnarayan Gupta (Lakhan Bhaiya) and [name withheld] at Vashi, held them at Bhandup and D.N. Nagar police station, and shot Gupta dead in a staged encounter at Nana Nani Park, Versova, registering it as genuine (CR 302/2006). The trial court convicted 21 accused but acquitted Sharma; star witness [name withheld] was abducted and murdered in March 2011 before deposing. The Bombay High Court held the encounter fabricated on ballistic, CDR and false-record evidence, reversed Sharma's acquittal and sentenced him to life with concurrent terms, upheld the life sentences of 12 other policemen and one civilian, and acquitted six private accused for want of proof. Sharma's appeal was later admitted by the Supreme Court, which refused to suspend the conviction.", "summary_verified": "On 11 November 2006 a Mumbai Police squad led by encounter-specialist PI [name withheld] abducted Ramnarayan Gupta (Lakhan Bhaiya) and [name withheld] at Vashi, held them at Bhandup and D.N. Nagar police station, and shot Gupta dead in a staged encounter at Nana Nani Park, Versova, registering it as genuine (CR 302/2006). The trial court convicted 21 accused but acquitted Sharma; star witness [name withheld] was abducted and murdered in March 2011 before deposing. The Bombay High Court held the encounter fabricated on ballistic, CDR and false-record evidence, reversed Sharma's acquittal and sentenced him to life with concurrent terms, upheld the life sentences of 12 other policemen and one civilian, and acquitted six private accused for want of proof. Sharma's appeal was later admitted by the Supreme Court, which refused to suspend the conviction.", "court_quote": "We, in the facts, find that it is not possible to take any other view than the view taken by us, having regard to the overwhelming evidence adduced by the prosecution. Thus, the circumstances relied upon by the prosecution even qua OA1 form a chain, which is so complete and which unerringly points to the guilt of OA1 and excludes any hypothesis consistent with the innocence of the OA1.", "court_quote_para": "488-489", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Bombay HC convicted encounter-specialist Sharma (life) and upheld life terms of 12 other police in staged encounter.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-03-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2024:BHC-AS:13217-DB; 2024 LiveLaw (Bom) 151", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2024-04-08", "action_type": "Appeal pending", "status": "Pending", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "As of 8 April 2024, an appeal arising from this judgment was pending before the Supreme Court of India (officers: Anand Balaji Patade, [name withheld], Devidas Gangaram Hari Sakpal, Dilip Sitaram Palande, Ganesh Ankush Harpude, Nitin Gorakhnath Sartape, Pandurang Ganpat Kokam, Pradeep Pandurang Suryawanshi, Pradeep Rameshwar Sharma, [name withheld], Prakash Ganpat Kadam, Ratnakar Gautam Kamble, Sandip Hemraj Sardar, Tanaji Bhausaheb Desai, Vinayak Balasaheb Shinde); the judgment's findings had not been set aside on that date.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Appeal pending", "source": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/fake-encounter-case-supreme-court-exempts-ex-mumbai-cop-pradeep-sharma-from-surrender-till-next-hearing-date-admits-appeal-against-conviction-254611", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2024-04-08", "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/fake-encounter-case-supreme-court-exempts-ex-mumbai-cop-pradeep-sharma-from-surrender-till-next-hearing-date-admits-appeal-against-conviction-254611", "outcome": "pending_appeal" } ], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] }, { "date": "2026-09-25", "scope": "Audit fix: duplicate record CW-2024-0033 (same court, case number and judgment date) merged into this record; its sources are kept here and its URL redirects here." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-25", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/86153079/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-mumbai-police-encounter-specialist-pradeep-sharma-acquittal-fake-encounter-case-lakhan-bhaiya-252769", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-41" ], "merged_case_id": "SWFAKEEN-009", "officers_named_public": 13, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0034", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0953", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "The State of Maharashtra vs Mumbai Police Senior Police Inspector", "display_title_redacted": "The State of Maharashtra vs Mumbai Police Senior Police Inspector", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai", "district_at_time": "Mumbai", "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Mumbai Police (Versova PS C.R. No. 246/2009, encounter team)", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "The State of Maharashtra vs Mumbai Police Senior Police Inspector", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 854 of 2013, 350 of 2015 and connected appeals", "citation": "2024 LiveLaw (Bom) 151", "judges": [ "Revati Mohite Dere", "Gauri Godse" ], "judgment_date": "2024-03-19", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2006-11-11", "incident_year": 2006, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory_display": "fake encounter extrajudicial killing", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_by_hc", "sections": [ "IPC 302", "IPC 120B", "IPC 364", "IPC 365" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Mumbai Police", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Mumbai Police" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Various", "unit": "Mumbai Police (names in 867-page judgment)", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Various, Mumbai Police (names in 867-page judgment)" } ], "officer_count": 13, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 33, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 33" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/100702859/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-mumbai-police-encounter-specialist-pradeep-sharma-acquittal-fake-encounter-case-lakhan-bhaiya-252769", "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/lakhan-bhaiya-judgement-march-19-529456.pdf" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. A Mumbai man, 33, was abducted with friend [name withheld] on 11 November 2006 and killed the same day in a staged shooting near Nana Nani Park, Versova, in an encounter the SIT said was led by Senior Inspector in conspiracy with the victim's business rival. The trial court convicted 21 accused but acquitted Sharma; the Division Bench reversed Sharma's acquittal on circumstantial evidence and sentenced him to life imprisonment. The court upheld 13 other life sentences including 12 police personnel, acquitted six civilians, and called the unsolved murder of eyewitness [name withheld] a travesty of justice. Sharma's Supreme Court appeal was admitted with interim exemption from surrender, and suspension of his conviction was later refused.", "summary_verified": "A Mumbai man, 33, was abducted with friend [name withheld] on 11 November 2006 and killed the same day in a staged shooting near Nana Nani Park, Versova, in an encounter the SIT said was led by Senior Inspector in conspiracy with the victim's business rival. The trial court convicted 21 accused but acquitted Sharma; the Division Bench reversed Sharma's acquittal on circumstantial evidence and sentenced him to life imprisonment. The court upheld 13 other life sentences including 12 police personnel, acquitted six civilians, and called the unsolved murder of eyewitness [name withheld] a travesty of justice. Sharma's Supreme Court appeal was admitted with interim exemption from surrender, and suspension of his conviction was later refused.", "court_quote": "It is extremely unfortunate, that a prime eye-witness in this case, [name withheld], lost his life before his evidence could be recorded and till date, the perpetrators of [name withheld], have not been booked and are obviously looming large.", "court_quote_para": "420", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "ACCEPT: HC judgment verified via LiveLaw reports (2024 LiveLaw (Bom) 151, JJ Revati Mohite Dere and Gauri Godse); Sharma acquittal reversed to life term, 13 life terms upheld (12 police personnel); SC admitted Sharma appeal with interim non-surrender but refused suspension of conviction, so conviction stands.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-03-19", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court entered convictions against police personnel in this judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2024 LiveLaw (Bom) 151", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2024-04-08", "action_type": "Appeal pending", "status": "Pending", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "As of 8 April 2024, an appeal arising from this judgment was pending before the Supreme Court of India (officers: [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld]); the judgment's findings had not been set aside on that date.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Appeal pending", "source": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/fake-encounter-case-supreme-court-exempts-ex-mumbai-cop-pradeep-sharma-from-surrender-till-next-hearing-date-admits-appeal-against-conviction-254611", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2024-04-08", "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/fake-encounter-case-supreme-court-exempts-ex-mumbai-cop-pradeep-sharma-from-surrender-till-next-hearing-date-admits-appeal-against-conviction-254611", "outcome": "pending_appeal" } ], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/100702859/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-mumbai-police-encounter-specialist-pradeep-sharma-acquittal-fake-encounter-case-lakhan-bhaiya-252769", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/lakhan-bhaiya-judgement-march-19-529456.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-r05" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-008", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0013", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0632", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Vakola Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1197/2022", "citation": "2024:BHC-AS:34257-DB", "judges": [ "Revati Mohite Dere", "Prithviraj Chavan" ], "judgment_date": "2024-08-22", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2022-01-15", "incident_year": 2022, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 384", "IPC 506" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police officers (arresting officers)", "unit": "Vakola Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:named_only", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": "named_only", "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police officers (arresting officers), Vakola Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 25000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/abhijit-padale-vs-state-of-maharashtra-557955.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/no-person-can-be-arrested-merely-on-basis-of-allegations-of-committing-some-crime-bombay-high-court-on-illegal-arrest-of-journalist-267831" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. Thane journalist Abhijit Padale was arrested on 15 January 2022 within hours of an FIR under ss. 384/506 IPC, without service of the section 41A notice and without recorded reasons, and remained in custody till bail on 18 January 2022. The court found the arrest mechanical and in stark violation of the CrPC mandate and Arnesh Kumar guidelines, unnecessarily curtailing his liberty. It declared the arrest illegal, awarded Rs 25,000 compensation recoverable from the officers found responsible, and ordered a DCP-rank departmental enquiry. The petitioner is a journalist; the offences carried maximum sentences below seven years. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Thane journalist Abhijit Padale was arrested on 15 January 2022 within hours of an FIR under ss. 384/506 IPC, without service of the section 41A notice and without recorded reasons, and remained in custody till bail on 18 January 2022. The court found the arrest mechanical and in stark violation of the CrPC mandate and Arnesh Kumar guidelines, unnecessarily curtailing his liberty. It declared the arrest illegal, awarded Rs 25,000 compensation recoverable from the officers found responsible, and ordered a DCP-rank departmental enquiry. The petitioner is a journalist; the offences carried maximum sentences below seven years.", "court_quote": "As the Police failed to follow the mandate of the Cr.P.C. and obey the directions of the Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Arnesh Kumar (supra), the arrest of the Petitioner was not legal.", "court_quote_para": "12", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Judgment verified via LiveLaw report and PDF; corrected second judge to Prithviraj Chavan (agent said Shyam C. Chandak); Rs 25,000 for illegal arrest.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-08-22", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 25,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024:BHC-AS:34257-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/abhijit-padale-vs-state-of-maharashtra-557955.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/no-person-can-be-arrested-merely-on-basis-of-allegations-of-committing-some-crime-bombay-high-court-on-illegal-arrest-of-journalist-267831", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-48" ], "merged_case_id": "WEST---CENTRAL-004", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0017", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0767", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-0248" ], "display_title": "Gondia Police Police Constable and others v. State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Gondia Police Police Constable and others v. State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Gondia", "district_at_time": "Bhandara", "city_town": "Gondia", "police_station_or_unit": "Gondia City Police Station (Detective Branch Room), Gondia", "court": "Supreme Court of India", "court_as_verified": "Supreme Court of India", "bench": null, "case_title": "Gondia Police Police Constable and others v. State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Appeal Nos. 1614-1618 of 2012", "citation": "2024 INSC 734", "judges": [ "C. T. Ravikumar", "Sanjay Kumar" ], "judgment_date": "2024-09-25", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "1995-12-15", "incident_year": 1995, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "conviction_upheld", "sections": [ "IPC 330", "IPC 348", "IPC 387", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "role": "convicted", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Gondia City Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "unit": "Gondia City Police Station", "role": "named_only", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Gondia City Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 7, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia man" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia woman" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia woman" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia woman" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia woman" }, { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Gondia woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 6, "sentence_type": "imprisonment", "sentence_max_years": 1, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199957261/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/708824/", "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/", "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/manik-v-the-state-of-maharashtrawatermark-1655838.pdf", "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702" ], "summary": "The Supreme Court (2-judge bench, split verdict) confirmed the finding of custodial torture of a Gondia man @ a Gondia man and upheld the conviction and sentence of four Gondia City policemen (A2 [name withheld], A4 [name withheld], A3 [name withheld], A5 [name withheld]) under Sections 330, 348 and 387 read with 34 IPC (one year rigorous imprisonment plus Rs 1,000 fine on each count). The majority (Ravikumar J.) acquitted them of Sections 304 Part II, 331, 201, 202, 203 and 218 IPC for want of proof of homicidal death, holding the recovered burnt body was never proved to be a Gondia man's and the fingerprint identification was guesswork. Sanjay Kumar J. dissented, holding the policemen staged a false escape drama and concocted records, and voted to maintain all convictions and dismiss all appeals; A1 [name withheld]'s appeal was held abated on his death (dissent noted no record of death).", "summary_verified": "The Supreme Court (2-judge bench, split verdict) confirmed the finding of custodial torture of a Gondia man @ a Gondia man and upheld the conviction and sentence of four Gondia City policemen (A2 [name withheld], A4 [name withheld], A3 [name withheld], A5 [name withheld]) under Sections 330, 348 and 387 read with 34 IPC (one year rigorous imprisonment plus Rs 1,000 fine on each count). The majority (Ravikumar J.) acquitted them of Sections 304 Part II, 331, 201, 202, 203 and 218 IPC for want of proof of homicidal death, holding the recovered burnt body was never proved to be a Gondia man's and the fingerprint identification was guesswork. Sanjay Kumar J. dissented, holding the policemen staged a false escape drama and concocted records, and voted to maintain all convictions and dismiss all appeals; A1 [name withheld]'s appeal was held abated on his death (dissent noted no record of death).", "court_quote": "In view of confirmation of the finding on custodial torture their conviction and consequential sentence under Section 330, 348 and 387 read with Section 34, IPC is to be confirmed.", "court_quote_para": "50", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary SC judgment plus impugned HC judgment (12-07-2011) both verified. Accused are police; custodial-torture convictions upheld so conviction_upheld stands. Incident span 15-22 Dec 1995 per HC charge. Name/rank spellings corrected per HC accused memo (Aglawe, Ratiram, Dongare; [name withheld] is PC not HC). A2 buckle omitted: HC memo repeats 409 for both A2 and A3 (apparent typo). compensation_inr null: SC awarded none; input's Rs 74,000x5 HC compensation (Cri WP 293/2002) is a separate judgment, not re-verified.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": null, "action_type": "Conviction", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Trial court (as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment)", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The trial court convicted the accused police personnel, as recorded in the Supreme Court of India judgment.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation", "source": "2024 INSC 734", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2024-09-25", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Supreme Court of India dismissed the appeal and upheld the convictions of police personnel.", "disposition": "Conviction · Supports allegation (appellate affirmance; trial conviction separate card)", "source": "2024 INSC 734", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." }, { "date": "2024-09-25", "action_type": "Appeal pending", "status": "Pending", "authority": "Supreme Court of India", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "As of 25 September 2024, an appeal arising from this judgment was pending before the Supreme Court of India (officers: [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld], [name withheld]); the judgment's findings had not been set aside on that date.", "disposition": "Later proceeding · Appeal pending", "source": "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [ { "court": "Supreme Court of India", "date": "2024-09-25", "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/amp/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702", "outcome": "pending_appeal" } ], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/199957261/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/708824/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1409555/", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/manik-v-the-state-of-maharashtrawatermark-1655838.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-delivers-split-verdict-on-police-officers-convictions-in-decades-old-custodial-death-case-270702", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-08", "chunk-30", "chunk-r06" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-006", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0018", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0614", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Hingoli Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Hingoli Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Hingoli", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Hingoli", "police_station_or_unit": "City Police Station, Hingoli", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Aurangabad", "case_title": "Hingoli Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Application No. 2908 of 2024", "citation": "2024:BHC-AUG:26094-DB", "judges": [ "Vibha Kankanwadi", "S.G. Chapalgaonkar" ], "judgment_date": "2024-10-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2024-08-06", "incident_year": 2024, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 500", "IT Act 66A", "IT Act 66B", "IT Act 67A" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector / Investigating Officer", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "City Police Station, Hingoli", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.14, "jev_p_culpable": 0.88, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector / Investigating Officer, City Police Station, Hingoli" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable (complainant in personal capacity)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Hingoli", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.27, "jev_p_culpable": 0.73, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (complainant in personal capacity), Hingoli" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": 43, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Hingoli man, age 43" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 250000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/ashwinkumar-sanap-vs-state-of-maharashtra-569605.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://lawbeat.in/amp/news-updates/bombay-high-court-asks-maharashtra-police-pay-2-lakhs-man-who-was-illegally-detained", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/bombay-high-court-ashwinkumar-pandhari-sanapv-state-of-maharashtra-2024bhc-aug26094-db-section-66a-section-66b-information-technology-act-1557235" ], "summary": "…arrested at 00:31 hrs on 06-08-2024 with sections swapped at production (report to delete ss.66-A/66-B and add s.67-A before the Magistrate); the Court held the IO applied no mind to which sections were invoked and recorded no reason for the arrest…. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "…arrested at 00:31 hrs on 06-08-2024 with sections swapped at production (report to delete ss.66-A/66-B and add s.67-A before the Magistrate); the Court held the IO applied no mind to which sections were invoked and recorded no reason for the arrest…", "court_quote": "It is beyond imagination that before the arrest the Investigating Officer will not apply his mind, as to which are the sections those are invoked, what is the punishment, that is, prescribed and whether he can make a legal arrest in such situations?", "court_quote_para": "6", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment verified: s.66A arrest illegal; FIR quashed; Rs.2.5 lakh personal compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-10-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 250,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024:BHC-AUG:26094-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/ashwinkumar-sanap-vs-state-of-maharashtra-569605.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://lawbeat.in/amp/news-updates/bombay-high-court-asks-maharashtra-police-pay-2-lakhs-man-who-was-illegally-detained", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/bombay-high-court-ashwinkumar-pandhari-sanapv-state-of-maharashtra-2024bhc-aug26094-db-section-66a-section-66b-information-technology-act-1557235", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-44" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-035", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0043", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0776", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mrs. Ratna Mumbai Man and Another vs [name withheld], API, Wadala TT Police Station and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Mrs. Ratna Mumbai Man and Another vs [name withheld], API, Wadala TT Police Station and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai City", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mrs. Ratna Mumbai Man and Another vs [name withheld], API, Wadala TT Police Station and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 4471 of 2012", "citation": "2024:BHC-AS:44106-DB", "judges": [ "Bharati Dangre", "Manjusha Deshpande" ], "judgment_date": "2024-10-23", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2012-12-01", "incident_year": 2012, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.79", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.115", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.117", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.33", "Bombay Police Act 1951 s.131" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/ordjud-1668567.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/ratna-chandrakant-vannam-v-tukaram-k-jadhav-2024bhc-as44106-db-1-lakh-compensation-unlawful-arrest-police-1558518" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court held the arrest of petitioner2 by API [name withheld] of Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station completely unwarranted, as the s.115 nuisance offence was not committed in the officer's presence so the s.79 arrest power could not be exercised, and the s.117 fine can only be imposed on conviction, not collected by a police officer. The Court called the arrest a classic example of abuse and misuse of police powers and noted the department had punished Jadhav with only a Rs 2,000 fine for not filing an affidavit. Since the criminal case had abated on petitioner2's death, the Court awarded Rs 1,00,000 compensation to his widow (petitioner1) payable by the State within 8 weeks, recoverable from the officers responsible including Jadhav. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court held the arrest of petitioner2 by API [name withheld] of Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station completely unwarranted, as the s.115 nuisance offence was not committed in the officer's presence so the s.79 arrest power could not be exercised, and the s.117 fine can only be imposed on conviction, not collected by a police officer. The Court called the arrest a classic example of abuse and misuse of police powers and noted the department had punished Jadhav with only a Rs 2,000 fine for not filing an affidavit. Since the criminal case had abated on petitioner2's death, the Court awarded Rs 1,00,000 compensation to his widow (petitioner1) payable by the State within 8 weeks, recoverable from the officers responsible including Jadhav.", "court_quote": "We express that the case of arrest of the Petitioner2, in above circumstanced is a classic example of the abuse and misuse of the powers by the police officials and for their act, the petitioners had to suffer and we have noted that despite our direction, no action contemplated through disciplinary proceedings is initiated against the respondent no.1.", "court_quote_para": "26", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Unlawful arrest held abuse of power; Rs 1L to widow, recoverable from erring officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-10-23", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024:BHC-AS:44106-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/ordjud-1668567.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/ratna-chandrakant-vannam-v-tukaram-k-jadhav-2024bhc-as44106-db-1-lakh-compensation-unlawful-arrest-police-1558518", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-57" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-12-001", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2024-0044", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0777", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Satara Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Satara Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Satara", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Satara", "police_station_or_unit": "Satara police (Crime 19/2009 further investigation)", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Satara Man vs The State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 1762 of 2013", "citation": "2024:BHC-AS:44797-DB", "judges": [ "A.S. Chandurkar", "Rajesh S. Patil" ], "judgment_date": "2024-11-25", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2024, "incident_date": "2013-03-13", "incident_year": 2013, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "CrPC 45(2)", "CrPC 50", "CrPC 56" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Additional Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Satara police; IO in further investigation of Crime 19/2009", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Additional Superintendent of Police, Satara police; IO in further investigation of Crime 19/2009" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Superintendent of Police", "unit": "Satara", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2:no_row" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": null, "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": null, "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": null, "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Superintendent of Police, Satara" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Satara man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/196529654/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The Bombay High Court (A.S. Chandurkar, J.; Rajesh S. Patil, J. concurring) held that Police Inspector (ex-SHO, President's Police Medal 2004) was arrested illegally on 13 March 2013 at 17:15 by Addl. SP Amol Tambe over alleged faulty investigation in Crime 19/2009 and kept about 20 hours till bail on 14 March 2013. No State consent under Section 45(2) CrPC was obtained though he was a police officer acting in official duty, arrest memo/grounds were not recorded, the station diary entry was made 6+ hours late, and arrest was for bailable offences (ss. 201/218/221 IPC) without recording reasons. Finding gross Article 21 violation, the Court awarded Rs. 2,00,000 compensation from the State within eight weeks (6% p.a. interest on default), with recovery from guilty officers permitted after due process. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court (A.S. Chandurkar, J.; Rajesh S. Patil, J. concurring) held that Police Inspector (ex-SHO, President's Police Medal 2004) was arrested illegally on 13 March 2013 at 17:15 by Addl. SP Amol Tambe over alleged faulty investigation in Crime 19/2009 and kept about 20 hours till bail on 14 March 2013. No State consent under Section 45(2) CrPC was obtained though he was a police officer acting in official duty, arrest memo/grounds were not recorded, the station diary entry was made 6+ hours late, and arrest was for bailable offences (ss. 201/218/221 IPC) without recording reasons. Finding gross Article 21 violation, the Court awarded Rs. 2,00,000 compensation from the State within eight weeks (6% p.a. interest on default), with recovery from guilty officers permitted after due process.", "court_quote": "We find that the petitioner was arrested in an illegal manner and thereafter detained which was not in accordance with the provisions of Sections 45(2), 50 and 56 of the Code as well as the law laid down by Supreme Court of India.", "court_quote_para": "13", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment verified: PI's arrest illegal (ss.45(2)/50/56 CrPC breached); Rs 2 lakh compensation.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2024-11-25", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2024:BHC-AS:44797-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote_para" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/196529654/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-15" ], "merged_case_id": "MAHARA-018", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0065", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1348", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Thane Man vs The State Of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Thane Man vs The State Of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Thane", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Badlapur (East) Police Station; Crime Branch, Thane; Mumbra Police; State CID", "court": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "bench": null, "case_title": "Thane Man vs The State Of Maharashtra", "case_number": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO. 4107 OF 2024", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Revati Mohite Dere", "Neela Gokhale" ], "judgment_date": "2025-04-07", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": null, "incident_year": null, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory": "fake_encounter_extrajudicial_killing", "subcategory_display": "fake encounter extrajudicial killing", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Superintendent of Police", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "State CID", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Superintendent of Police, State CID" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Joint Commissioner of Police", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Crime, Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Joint Commissioner of Police, Crime, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Commissioner of Police", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Thane Crime Branch", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Commissioner of Police, Thane Crime Branch" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Thane man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/147614739/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court examined the police-van shooting death of an undertrial being escorted by a Thane Crime Branch team. The High Court held that the starting point of investigation, registration of an FIR, was itself not complied with. The High Court held that the PUCL guidelines on encounter investigations were cited only to be ignored by the State. The High Court held that refusal to investigate undermines the rule of law and ordered a fresh SIT probe.", "summary_verified": "The High Court examined the police-van shooting death of an undertrial being escorted by a Thane Crime Branch team. The High Court held that the starting point of investigation, registration of an FIR, was itself not complied with. The High Court held that the PUCL guidelines on encounter investigations were cited only to be ignored by the State. The High Court held that refusal to investigate undermines the rule of law and ordered a fresh SIT probe.", "court_quote": "The starting point of any investigation i.e, registration of an FIR itself is not complied with.", "court_quote_para": "para 19", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Verified against the cited judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-04-07", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Judicature at Bombay recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO. 4107 OF 2024", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/147614739/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-mh-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-mh-hc-5", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0064", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1347", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Parbhani Man vs The State Of Maharashtra And Others", "display_title_redacted": "Parbhani Man vs The State Of Maharashtra And Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Parbhani", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Mondha Police Station, District Parbhani", "court": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Bench at Aurangabad", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Bench at Aurangabad", "bench": null, "case_title": "Parbhani Man vs The State Of Maharashtra And Others", "case_number": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.457 OF 2025", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Vibha Kankanwadi", "Sanjay A. Deshmukh" ], "judgment_date": "2025-07-04", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2024-12-15", "incident_year": 2024, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Mondha Police Station, Parbhani", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Mondha Police Station, Parbhani" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Superintendent of Police", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Parbhani", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Superintendent of Police, Parbhani" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Deputy Superintendent of Police", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Parbhani", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Deputy Superintendent of Police, Parbhani" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Parbhani man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/153713541/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court examined the death of a detainee after the December 2024 Parbhani combing action and custody at Mondha Police Station. The High Court held that there was a gross violation of human rights and that the deceased died due to the police authorities. The High Court held that a cognizable offence was made out but the petitioner's FIR was not recorded. The High Court directed registration of an FIR on the complaint dated 18.12.2024 and a Deputy Superintendent-level probe.", "summary_verified": "The High Court examined the death of a detainee after the December 2024 Parbhani combing action and custody at Mondha Police Station. The High Court held that there was a gross violation of human rights and that the deceased died due to the police authorities. The High Court held that a cognizable offence was made out but the petitioner's FIR was not recorded. The High Court directed registration of an FIR on the complaint dated 18.12.2024 and a Deputy Superintendent-level probe.", "court_quote": "When the petitioner went to police station and tried to lodge the FIR, her FIR was not recorded.", "court_quote_para": "para 12", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Verified against the cited judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-07-04", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Bench at Aurangabad", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Bench at Aurangabad recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.457 OF 2025", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/153713541/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-mh-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-mh-hc-4", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0063", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1346", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Man And Ors vs The State Of Maharashtra And Ors", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man And Ors vs The State Of Maharashtra And Ors", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station", "court": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man And Ors vs The State Of Maharashtra And Ors", "case_number": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO. 49 OF 2020", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Ravindra V. Ghuge", "Gautam A. Ankhad" ], "judgment_date": "2025-09-11", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2019-10-28", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector (SHO)", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector (SHO), Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Naik", "role": "named_in_finding", "unit": "Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Naik, Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 4, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/163239742/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court examined the death of a 22-year-old within hours of being taken to Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station. The High Court held that many loose strings emerged from the record and that the case deserved transfer to the CBI. The High Court held that the record falsified the police version that CCTVs were uninstalled due to renovation work. The High Court transferred further investigation to the CBI and kept compensation claims pending.", "summary_verified": "The High Court examined the death of a 22-year-old within hours of being taken to Wadala Truck Terminal Police Station. The High Court held that many loose strings emerged from the record and that the case deserved transfer to the CBI. The High Court held that the record falsified the police version that CCTVs were uninstalled due to renovation work. The High Court transferred further investigation to the CBI and kept compensation claims pending.", "court_quote": "This, therefore, falsifies the version of the Police authorities that the CCTVs were uninstalled due to renovation work.", "court_quote_para": "para 31", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Verified against the cited judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-09-11", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Judicature at Bombay recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO. 49 OF 2020", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/163239742/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-mh-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-mh-hc-3", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2025-0022", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0636", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Mumbai", "police_station_or_unit": "Bandra Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man vs State of Maharashtra", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition (Stamp) No. 23953/2024", "citation": "2025:BHC-AS:41975-DB", "judges": [ "Revati Mohite Dere", "Sandesh D. Patil" ], "judgment_date": "2025-09-29", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2025, "incident_date": "2024-10-23", "incident_year": 2024, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "IPC 406", "IPC 409", "IPC 420", "IPC 465", "IPC 477A", "IPC 34" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Inspector of Police", "unit": "Bandra Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.6, "jev_p_culpable": 0.54, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Inspector of Police, Bandra Police Station, Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "unit": "Bandra Police Station, Mumbai", "role": "held_liable", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2:no", "key2_union:no", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "no", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "no", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.58, "jev_p_culpable": 0.5, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Bandra Police Station, Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": 54, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man, age 54" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/vasantha-perampally-nayak-vs-state-of-maharashtra-624014.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/arrest-brings-humiliation-casts-scars-forever-bombay-high-court-orders-maharashtra-govt-to-pay-1-lakh-for-illegal-arrest-305814" ], "summary": "…the court found respondents 3-4 invoked s.409 'unilaterally without seeking permission of the superiors, as required' to avoid s.41A notice, calling it 'gross abuse of law' (para 17); 'high-handedness' was the petitioner's submission, not the court's word — drop or re-attribute…. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "…the court found respondents 3-4 invoked s.409 'unilaterally without seeking permission of the superiors, as required' to avoid s.41A notice, calling it 'gross abuse of law' (para 17); 'high-handedness' was the petitioner's submission, not the court's word — drop or re-attribute…", "court_quote": "In view of the above, we hold and delcare [sic] that the arrest of the Petitioner on 23.10.2024 by the respondents, was illegal and without lawful authority.", "court_quote_para": "18", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "DB judgment verified via LiveLaw report and PDF; s. 409 deliberately invoked to dodge s. 41A, 20-day custody held illegal, Rs 1 lakh + DE against two named officers.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2025-09-29", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2025:BHC-AS:41975-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "wrong_facts", "corrections_applied": [ "court_quote", "court_quote_para", "summary" ] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/vasantha-perampally-nayak-vs-state-of-maharashtra-624014.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/arrest-brings-humiliation-casts-scars-forever-bombay-high-court-orders-maharashtra-govt-to-pay-1-lakh-for-illegal-arrest-305814", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "chunk-48" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-060", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0072", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1345", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Nagpur Man vs State Of Mah, Thr Home Department", "display_title_redacted": "Nagpur Man vs State Of Mah, Thr Home Department", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Nagpur", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Pachpaoli Police Station, Nagpur City", "court": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench", "bench": null, "case_title": "Nagpur Man vs State Of Mah, Thr Home Department", "case_number": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION No.397 OF 2019", "citation": "2026:BHC-NAG:684-DB", "judges": [ "Urmila Joshi-Phalke", "Nandesh S. Deshpande" ], "judgment_date": "2026-01-16", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2019-02-25", "incident_year": 2019, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Section 21(b) of NDPS Act", "Section 29 of NDPS Act" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pachpaoli Police Station, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Constable, Pachpaoli Police Station, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pachpaoli Police Station, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Pachpaoli Police Station, Nagpur" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector (PSO)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Pachpaoli Police Station, Nagpur", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector (PSO), Pachpaoli Police Station, Nagpur" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Nagpur man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/184912996/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court held that the petitioner was wrongfully arrested and no procedure prescribed by law was followed in Crime No.159/2019. The High Court held that the departmental inquiry report was an eyewash and that senior officers tried to shield the wrongful acts of the field staff. The High Court quashed the FIR, charge-sheet and Sessions Trial (NDPS) No.27/2019. The High Court left compensation to a separate remedy and expressed trust that the State would start service action.", "summary_verified": "The High Court held that the petitioner was wrongfully arrested and no procedure prescribed by law was followed in Crime No.159/2019. The High Court held that the departmental inquiry report was an eyewash and that senior officers tried to shield the wrongful acts of the field staff. The High Court quashed the FIR, charge-sheet and Sessions Trial (NDPS) No.27/2019. The High Court left compensation to a separate remedy and expressed trust that the State would start service action.", "court_quote": "It is, thus, clear that the petitioner was wrongfully arrested and no procedure as prescribed under law was followed.", "court_quote_para": "para 18", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Verified against the cited judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-01-16", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "2026:BHC-NAG:684-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/184912996/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-mh-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-mh-hc-2", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0001", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0483", "alias_merged_ids": [ "CWC-1429" ], "display_title": "Rajesh Sahadeo Jangid v. Union of India & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Rajesh Sahadeo Jangid v. Union of India & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Thane", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Kalyan", "police_station_or_unit": "RPF Post, Kalyan Railway Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": null, "case_title": "Rajesh Sahadeo Jangid v. Union of India & Ors.", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 7616 of 2021", "citation": "2026 LiveLaw (Bom) 357", "judges": [ "Bharati Dangre", "Manjusha Deshpande" ], "judgment_date": "2026-03-26", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2018-06-18", "incident_year": 2018, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "other", "subcategory": "other", "subcategory_display": "other", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "disciplinary_upheld", "sections": [ "RPF Rules 1987 r.146", "RPF Rules 1987 r.147", "RPF Rules 1987 r.153", "RPF Rules 1987 r.156" ], "officers": [ { "name": "Rajesh Sahadeo Jangid", "rank": "Constable (Commando)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Railway Protection Force, Kalyan Railway Station", "publish_grade": "named_safe", "gate_reasons": [], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "yes", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.06, "jev_p_culpable": 0.95, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": "Rajesh Sahadeo Jangid", "display": "Rajesh Sahadeo Jangid (Constable (Commando))" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "age": null, "gender": "female", "name": null, "descriptor": "Kalyan woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "dismissal", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "railway", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/07/31/rajesh-sahadeo-jangid-vs-union-of-india-690839.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-upholds-rpf-constable-removal-molestation-viral-video-543845", "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/bombay-high-court/rajesh-sahadeo-jangid-v-union-of-india-2026bhc-as16291-db-rpf-constables-removal-for-outraging-modesty-1611854", "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2026/04/11/ordjud-12watermark-1775686.pdf" ], "summary": "The judgment of the Bombay High Court records the following account. In June 2018 a video went viral showing RPF constable Rajesh Jangid, posted as Commando and in uniform at Kalyan railway station, sitting beside a woman passenger on a platform bench and touching her inappropriately until co-passengers intervened. The railway authorities chargesheeted him suo motu, held a disciplinary enquiry under the RPF Rules 1987, and removed him from service in August 2018, a penalty affirmed in revision and on representation. The court viewed the video clip itself and held it clearly established his intention to outrage the woman's modesty. The court found the misconduct proved, held removal (a lesser penalty than dismissal) fully justified for a member of a disciplined force, dismissed the writ petition and discharged the Rule. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "In June 2018 a video went viral showing RPF constable Rajesh Jangid, posted as Commando and in uniform at Kalyan railway station, sitting beside a woman passenger on a platform bench and touching her inappropriately until co-passengers intervened. The railway authorities chargesheeted him suo motu, held a disciplinary enquiry under the RPF Rules 1987, and removed him from service in August 2018, a penalty affirmed in revision and on representation. The court viewed the video clip itself and held it clearly established his intention to outrage the woman's modesty. The court found the misconduct proved, held removal (a lesser penalty than dismissal) fully justified for a member of a disciplined force, dismissed the writ petition and discharged the Rule.", "court_quote": "In the wake of the aforesaid authoritative pronouncements and applying our mind to the facts before us and specifically by viewing the video clip which has clearly lead us to believe that the conduct of the Petitioner was truly deplorable and despite being in uniform and on the property of the Railway, he had dared to indulge into such an act and therefore we find complete justification in the Railway, in initiating an inquiry against him, finding him guilty and imposing a punishment of removal from service, which is lesser penalty than dismissal from service.", "court_quote_para": "21", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "RPF constable's removal for on-duty molestation upheld after court viewed video; writ dismissed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-03-26", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court upheld service punishment imposed on police personnel.", "disposition": "Disciplinary action · Procedural only", "source": "2026 LiveLaw (Bom) 357", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/07/31/rajesh-sahadeo-jangid-vs-union-of-india-690839.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-upholds-rpf-constable-removal-molestation-viral-video-543845", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/court-updates/high-courts/bombay-high-court/rajesh-sahadeo-jangid-v-union-of-india-2026bhc-as16291-db-rpf-constables-removal-for-outraging-modesty-1611854", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.verdictum.in/pdf_upload/2026/04/11/ordjud-12watermark-1775686.pdf", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-42", "chunk-58" ], "merged_case_id": "GAP2-12-002", "officers_named_public": 1, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0071", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1344", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Man And Ors vs Central Bureau Of Investigation And Ors", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Man And Ors vs Central Bureau Of Investigation And Ors", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Wadala Railway Police Station; Kurla Railway Police Station", "court": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Man And Ors vs Central Bureau Of Investigation And Ors", "case_number": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.4451 OF 2022 with CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.4104 OF 2022", "citation": null, "judges": [ "A. S. Gadkari", "Shyam C. Chandak" ], "judgment_date": "2026-04-06", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2014-04-18", "incident_year": 2014, "category": "Custodial death", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory": "custodial_death", "subcategory_display": "custodial death", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Sections 302 and 295-A of the IPC" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Wadala Railway Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Police Inspector, Wadala Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Wadala Railway Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Wadala Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Wadala Railway Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Wadala Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Head Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Wadala Railway Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Head Constable, Wadala Railway Police Station" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Wadala Railway Police Station", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Wadala Railway Police Station" } ], "officer_count": 5, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/44261376/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court upheld the trial court's order directing framing of additional charges under Sections 302 and 295-A of the IPC against railway police personnel for the custodial death of a detainee picked up for a robbery inquiry. The High Court held that there was sufficient material against the accused police personnel. The High Court held that adverse inference was permissible against the police. The High Court sent the matter back for framing of charges and trial.", "summary_verified": "The High Court upheld the trial court's order directing framing of additional charges under Sections 302 and 295-A of the IPC against railway police personnel for the custodial death of a detainee picked up for a robbery inquiry. The High Court held that there was sufficient material against the accused police personnel. The High Court held that adverse inference was permissible against the police. The High Court sent the matter back for framing of charges and trial.", "court_quote": "Therefore, adverse inference is permissible against the police whomsoever he/she may be.", "court_quote_para": "para 13", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "case_title incorrectly shows '[name withheld]' — actual title is '[name withheld] And Ors vs Central Bureau Of Investigation And Ors'", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Custodial death", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-04-06", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Judicature at Bombay recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.4451 OF 2022 with CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.4104 OF 2022", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/44261376/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-mh-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-mh-hc-1", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0016", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0516", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Talegaon Man & Anr. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "display_title_redacted": "Talegaon Man & Anr. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Amravati", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Talegaon", "police_station_or_unit": "Talegaon Police Station", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Talegaon Man & Anr. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.", "case_number": "Writ Petition No. 4927 of 2010", "citation": "2026:BHC-NAG:6156-DB", "judges": [ "Urmila Joshi-Phalke", "Nivedita P. Mehta" ], "judgment_date": "2026-04-21", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2010-08-26", "incident_year": 2010, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory": "disproportionate_force", "subcategory_display": "disproportionate force", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Talegaon Police Station, Amravati", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.16, "jev_p_culpable": 0.85, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Talegaon Police Station, Amravati" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Talegaon Police Station, Amravati", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Talegaon Police Station, Amravati" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Constable", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Talegaon Police Station, Amravati", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "ledger:no_row", "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": null, "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": null, "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": null, "jev_p_culpable": null, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": null, "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable, Talegaon Police Station, Amravati" } ], "officer_count": 3, "victims": [ { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Talegaon man" }, { "name": null, "age": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Talegaon man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 2, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 100000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/04/22/adv-yogeshwar-madhukarrao-kawade-vs-state-of-maharashtra-669352.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/handcuffing-without-justification-mumbai-police-50k-compensation-531404", "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/law-order/3884376-compensation-ordered-for-unlawful-handcuffing-maharashtra-police-held-accountable" ], "summary": "The Bombay High Court's Nagpur bench held that Talegaon police violated the fundamental rights of a lawyer and an ex-serviceman detained under preventive action after a midnight cross-complaint on 26 August 2010. The Court found they were stripped to undergarments, kept handcuffed in public view and transported by State Transport bus, rejecting the justification of a public gathering outside the station since neither petitioner was a habitual or hardened criminal. It awarded Rs 50,000 to each petitioner payable by the State. The prayer for fresh departmental action was rejected as the officers had already been punished departmentally. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "The Bombay High Court's Nagpur bench held that Talegaon police violated the fundamental rights of a lawyer and an ex-serviceman detained under preventive action after a midnight cross-complaint on 26 August 2010. The Court found they were stripped to undergarments, kept handcuffed in public view and transported by State Transport bus, rejecting the justification of a public gathering outside the station since neither petitioner was a habitual or hardened criminal. It awarded Rs 50,000 to each petitioner payable by the State. The prayer for fresh departmental action was rejected as the officers had already been punished departmentally.", "court_quote": "Thus, the Respondent Nos. 5 to 7 namely Shri [name withheld] Assistant Police Inspector, Police Constable [name withheld] and Police Constable [name withheld] has subjected the present Petitioners to an unwarranted humiliation and indignity which cannot be done to any citizen of India and accordingly they are entitled for the compensation.", "court_quote_para": "32", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Nagpur bench held stripping/handcuffing/bus-parade illegal; Rs 50k each; dept punishment already imposed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-04-21", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 100,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2026:BHC-NAG:6156-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/04/22/adv-yogeshwar-madhukarrao-kawade-vs-state-of-maharashtra-669352.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/handcuffing-without-justification-mumbai-police-50k-compensation-531404", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/law-order/3884376-compensation-ordered-for-unlawful-handcuffing-maharashtra-police-held-accountable", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-32", "chunk-40" ], "merged_case_id": "SWDISPRO-009", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0038", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-0613", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Akola Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "display_title_redacted": "Akola Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Akola", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": "Akola", "police_station_or_unit": "Police Station Khadan", "court": "Bombay High Court", "court_as_verified": "Bombay High Court", "bench": "Nagpur", "case_title": "Akola Man v. State of Maharashtra and Others", "case_number": "Criminal Writ Petition No. 389 of 2024", "citation": "2026:BHC-NAG:11441-DB", "judges": [ "Urmila Joshi-Phalke", "Raj D. Wakode" ], "judgment_date": "2026-08-31", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2024-03-04", "incident_year": 2024, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding_compensation", "sections": [ "Essential Commodities Act 1955 s.3", "Essential Commodities Act 1955 s.7" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Assistant Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Police Station Khadan, Akola", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.59, "jev_p_culpable": 0.54, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Assistant Police Inspector, Police Station Khadan, Akola" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Police Station Khadan, Akola", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "gate_reasons": [ "key2_openrouter:unclear" ], "ledger_role": "held_liable", "key2": "yes", "key2_agy": "yes", "key2_claude": null, "key2_union": "yes", "key2_gemapi": null, "key2_openrouter": "unclear", "key2_gpt56": null, "grok": null, "jev_risk": 0.53, "jev_p_culpable": 0.61, "key2_gpt": null, "later_outcome": "none_found", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Inspector, Police Station Khadan, Akola" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "age": 26, "gender": "male", "name": null, "descriptor": "Akola man, age 26" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": "compensation_only", "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": 200000, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/09/05/detention-698328.pdf", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-orders-compensation-illegal-detention-548884" ], "summary": "Student was picked up from his family hotel on 04-03-2024 by PI [name withheld] and API [name withheld], detained overnight without any Section 41/41-A notice or recorded grounds after an alleged Rs. 50,000 extortion demand, and released next morning. A departmental enquiry had already held both officers guilty of misconduct and punished them. The Division Bench held they exceeded their limits in arresting the petitioner without following due process, violating his Article 21 rights. It directed the State to pay Rs. 2 lakh compensation within eight weeks, deposited in court, rejecting the further-enquiry prayer as already satisfied. Matters not addressed in the cited judgment text are not recorded here.", "summary_verified": "Student was picked up from his family hotel on 04-03-2024 by PI [name withheld] and API [name withheld], detained overnight without any Section 41/41-A notice or recorded grounds after an alleged Rs. 50,000 extortion demand, and released next morning. A departmental enquiry had already held both officers guilty of misconduct and punished them. The Division Bench held they exceeded their limits in arresting the petitioner without following due process, violating his Article 21 rights. It directed the State to pay Rs. 2 lakh compensation within eight weeks, deposited in court, rejecting the further-enquiry prayer as already satisfied.", "court_quote": "In the light of the above observations, in the present case also, respondent Nos.3 and 4 have acted as police officers and exceeded their limits and thus committed an error in arresting the petitioner without following due provisions of law.", "court_quote_para": "47", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Primary judgment verified: overnight detention without grounds illegal; Rs.2 lakh; DE punishment already imposed.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-08-31", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "Bombay High Court", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The Bombay High Court recorded adverse findings against police personnel and ordered Rs 200,000.", "disposition": "Compensation ordered · Supports allegation (for the compensated wrong only)", "source": "2026:BHC-NAG:11441-DB", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-19", "scope": "Round-8 full re-verification: published record re-checked against the judgment text (outcome, officers, quote, key facts) plus methodology-compliance pass", "method": "skills-guided adversarial re-verification of the published record against the judgment text (reverify/t1-*/adversarial-8.jsonl)", "result": "holds", "corrections_applied": [] } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-19", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/pdf_upload/2026/09/05/detention-698328.pdf", "link_checked": null }, { "url": "https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/bombay-high-court-orders-compensation-illegal-detention-548884", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "chunk-44" ], "merged_case_id": "SWILLEGA-034", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0070", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1343", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Woman vs State Of Maharashtra And Ors", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Woman vs State Of Maharashtra And Ors", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Juhu Police Station; Anti-Extortion Cell, D.C.B., C.I.D., Mumbai", "court": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Woman vs State Of Maharashtra And Ors", "case_number": "WRIT PETITION NO. 4381 OF 2026", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Sarang V. Kotwal", "Ranjitsinha Raja Bhonsale" ], "judgment_date": "2026-09-02", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2026-08-14", "incident_year": 2026, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "brutality", "admin_subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory": "illegal_detention_false_imprisonment", "subcategory_display": "illegal detention false imprisonment", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Section 43(5) of BNSS" ], "officers": [ { "name": null, "rank": "Senior Inspector of Police", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Anti-Extortion Cell, D.C.B., C.I.D., Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Senior Inspector of Police, Anti-Extortion Cell, D.C.B., C.I.D., Mumbai" }, { "name": null, "rank": "Police Sub-Inspector", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Anti-Extortion Cell, D.C.B., C.I.D., Mumbai", "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Sub-Inspector, Anti-Extortion Cell, D.C.B., C.I.D., Mumbai" } ], "officer_count": 2, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "female", "descriptor": "Mumbai woman" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": false, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/34670708/", "secondary_sources": [], "summary": "The High Court held that the petitioner's custody in C.R. No. 1285 of 2026 of Juhu Police Station violated Section 43(5) of the BNSS. The High Court held that the arrest documents did not show the signature of any woman police officer. The High Court ordered that the petitioner be released forthwith in connection with the said case. The High Court declined to grant compensation or damages.", "summary_verified": "The High Court held that the petitioner's custody in C.R. No. 1285 of 2026 of Juhu Police Station violated Section 43(5) of the BNSS. The High Court held that the arrest documents did not show the signature of any woman police officer. The High Court ordered that the petitioner be released forthwith in connection with the said case. The High Court declined to grant compensation or damages.", "court_quote": "Thus, from the record we find that, there is a violation of Section 43(5) of BNSS.", "court_quote_para": "para 10", "confidence": "medium", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Verified against the cited judgment.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Material fact supported", "position_explainer": "Reliable material supports a specifically documented fact relevant to that allegation, not necessarily the full allegation, causation, intent, unlawfulness, or responsibility.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-09-02", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court of Judicature at Bombay recorded adverse findings against police personnel.", "disposition": "adverse finding compensation", "source": "WRIT PETITION NO. 4381 OF 2026", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-24", "scope": "Swarm scout and independent verification pass (Muse Spark)." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-24", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/34670708/", "link_checked": null } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": false, "verified_by": [ "swarm-verify-cop-mh-hc" ], "merged_case_id": "cop-mh-hc-0", "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" }, { "record_id": "CW-2026-0098", "status": "current", "merged_id": "CWC-1388", "alias_merged_ids": [], "display_title": "Mumbai Suburban Man vs The State Of Maharashtra And Anr", "display_title_redacted": "Mumbai Suburban Man vs The State Of Maharashtra And Anr", "state": "Maharashtra", "district": "Mumbai Suburban", "district_at_time": null, "city_town": null, "police_station_or_unit": "Kasturba Marg Police Station, Borivali East", "court": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "court_as_verified": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "bench": null, "case_title": "Mumbai Suburban Man vs The State Of Maharashtra And Anr", "case_number": "Criminal Application No. 612 of 2018", "citation": null, "judges": [ "Milind N. Jadhav" ], "judgment_date": "2026-09-10", "date_precision": "day", "judgment_year": 2026, "incident_date": "2018-02-04", "incident_year": 2018, "category": "Other", "admin_category": "misconduct", "admin_subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory": "false_implication_fabrication", "subcategory_display": "false implication fabrication", "protest_override_heuristic": false, "outcome_type": "adverse_finding", "sections": [ "Sections 353, 504 and 506 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (charges quashed)" ], "officers": [ { "rank": "Police Constable (complainant)", "role": "held_liable", "unit": "Kasturba Marg Police Station, Mumbai Police", "name": null, "publish_grade": "unnamed", "name_public": null, "display": "Police Constable (complainant), Kasturba Marg Police Station, Mumbai Police" } ], "officer_count": 1, "victims": [ { "name": null, "gender": "male", "descriptor": "Mumbai Suburban man" } ], "victims_redacted": null, "anonymised": true, "victim_count": 1, "sentence_type": null, "sentence_max_years": null, "compensation_inr": null, "force": "state_police", "primary_source_url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/56743685/", "secondary_sources": [ "https://www.livelaw.in/bombay-high-court/cop-demanded-rs-300-bribe-foisted-false-case-551096" ], "summary": "The High Court recorded that a constable stopped a Mumbai jeweller on his motorcycle in Borivali East on 04.02.2018, kept his licence, and, by the man's account, demanded Rs. 500 as a penalty or Rs. 300 as a bribe; the man was then detained at Kasturba Marg Police Station until an FIR for assault and intimidation was registered around 2:00 am. The High Court held that the man's mobile-phone video and the constable's WhatsApp messages with senior officers prima facie showed the constable and his colleagues were instrumental in foisting a false case. It noted that police-station CCTV footage that should have been preserved was not available. The High Court quashed the chargesheet before the Borivali Metropolitan Magistrate and ordered any confiscated licence returned.", "summary_verified": "The High Court recorded that a constable stopped a Mumbai jeweller on his motorcycle in Borivali East on 04.02.2018, kept his licence, and, by the man's account, demanded Rs. 500 as a penalty or Rs. 300 as a bribe; the man was then detained at Kasturba Marg Police Station until an FIR for assault and intimidation was registered around 2:00 am. The High Court held that the man's mobile-phone video and the constable's WhatsApp messages with senior officers prima facie showed the constable and his colleagues were instrumental in foisting a false case. It noted that police-station CCTV footage that should have been preserved was not available. The High Court quashed the chargesheet before the Borivali Metropolitan Magistrate and ordered any confiscated licence returned.", "court_quote": "the prosecution story is not only unbelievable but in my opinion it is a false and concocted story and case foisted on the Applicant.", "court_quote_para": "11", "confidence": "high", "verdict": "accept", "verdict_note": "Checked against the order dated 10.09.2026 (reported 21.09.2026). The High Court made a prima facie finding while quashing; no compensation or action against the constable was ordered.", "verification_status": "V2", "verification_badge": "V2 · Externally reported", "tier_badge": "Externally reported", "tier": "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded", "tier_history": [ "Tier A — Externally reported or officially recorded" ], "allegations": [ { "category": "Other", "primary": true, "position": "Court finding (prima facie)", "position_explainer": "The court made a prima facie finding while quashing the case against the man.", "official_finding_relation": "supports allegation" } ], "institutional_response": [ { "date": "2026-09-10", "action_type": "Order issued", "status": "Concluded", "authority": "High Court of Judicature at Bombay", "independence": "External", "legal_effect": "Binding", "description": "The High Court quashed the chargesheet, finding prima facie that the complainant constable and colleagues foisted a false case.", "disposition": "adverse finding", "source": "Criminal Application No. 612 of 2018", "recheck": "Not yet re-checked." } ], "later_proceedings": [], "final_outcome_url": null, "followup_history": [ { "date": "2026-09-25", "scope": "Past-week sweep: record written from the order text; quote checked verbatim against the order." } ], "followup_status": "checked", "last_checked": "2026-09-25", "link_checked_per_url": [ { "url": "https://indiankanoon.org/doc/56743685/", "link_checked": "2026-09-25" } ], "source_assessment": { "established": null, "basis": null }, "v3_basis": null, "publication_basis": null, "reviews": [], "retracted": { "is_retracted": false }, "fidelity_checked": true, "verified_by": [ "claude-opus-5.5-week-0925" ], "merged_case_id": null, "officers_named_public": 0, "record_flag": null, "service": "police", "watch": "babuwatch" } ] }